IGNEOUS ROCKS by Charina Cameron Part 1: Classification & Composition.
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Transcript of IGNEOUS ROCKS by Charina Cameron Part 1: Classification & Composition.
![Page 1: IGNEOUS ROCKS by Charina Cameron Part 1: Classification & Composition.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ede5503460f94bee7bb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
IGNEOUS ROCKSby Charina Cameron
Part 1: Classification & Composition
![Page 2: IGNEOUS ROCKS by Charina Cameron Part 1: Classification & Composition.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ede5503460f94bee7bb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CLASSIFICATION• Based on– Composition• Magma type
– Felsic = granitic
– mafic = basaltic
• Minerals present– quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, mafic minerals, etc.
– Texture• Reflects magma cooling and crystallization history
• Finely crystalline is usually volcanic
• Coarsely crystalline is usually intrusive
– Place of origin• Plutonic or intrusive
• Volcanic or extrusive
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PLUTONIC vs VOLCANIC• Volcanic igneous rocks (extrusives):
– rhyolite andesite basalt
• Plutonic igneous rocks (intrusives):
– granite diorite gabbro
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GRANITE• Felsic magma
• Quartz Muscovite Biotite Hornblende Orthoclase
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DIORITE• Intermediate magma
• Pyroxene
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GABBRO
• Mafic magma
• Pyroxene Olivine Plagioclase
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ULTRAMAFIC ROCKS• Dunite
• Peridotite
• Pyroxenite
• Amphibolite (Hornblende)
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PEGMATITES• Coarse textures (phaneritic)
• Usually granitic in composition
• Crystallized from hot residual fluids from magma
• May contain– very large crystals– unusual minerals
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SOME PEGMATITE MINERALS• Quartz & Orthoclase
• Biotite, Quartz, & Orthoclase
• Tourmaline crystals (black) in Orthoclase
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SILICA CONTENT OF MAGMAS• Silica is SiO2
• Refers to Si and O found in silicate minerals
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PROPERTIES OF MAGMAS
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BOWEN'S REACTION SERIES• 2 branches:– Discontinuous– Continuous
• Residuals:– K-feldspar
(orthoclase)– Muscovite– Quartz
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