1. Violence at work:Any incident where a worker is abused, threatened and assaulted in circumstances relating to their work involving an explicit or implicit challenge to their safety, Well-being or health.Control Measures to reduce the risk of violence between workers:1. Briefing the staff on problem that is likely to occur and giving them training in dealing with such problems, such as escalation techniques.2. Enforcing 0 tolerance policy for workplace violence and setting up procedures for reporting any such occurrences.3. Providing consultation for both perpetrators and workers, who are victims of violence and arranging relocation in different parts of the workplace where possible.4. Providing security staff to control the situations where a public person or who is going to create violence at the workplace and not leads to a major issue.5. Providing information or intimating the workers that the premises are in under Control of closed circuit cameras-CCTV's6. Security doors or transparent glasses should be placed to prevent direct access When there is violence.7. Minimize queues and the waiting times with proper information like how much time its going to take in the form of token number systems, queue status boards.8. Providing panic alarms, when the situation is in out of control.9. By creating pleasant environment.10. Avoid lone working and working in unsocial hours.11. Avoid money transactions by using cashless systems.12. Prohibition of carrying weapons inside the workplace.

2. Excavations:

Hazards associated with the three meter deep trench across a car park: Sudden collapse of cave-ins. Deficiency of oxygen, due to, toxic gases heavier than the oxygen will occupy the place where the oxygen resides and oxygen will be pushed top, so there will be lack oxygen. Underground services/utilities Water flooding due to rupture of pipelines. Gases leakage in gas pipelines may lead fire accidents. Communication There may be a chance of cuts in telecommunication lines. Electrical It has also chance to give shocks, burns to cuts in cables. Collapse of Adjacent structures Fall of people, materials and vehicles. Reptiles Biological Adverse weather conditions.

Control measures to be implemented in car parking lot when excavating:1. At all stages of excavation the competent person must supervise the work and the workers must be given, clean instructions on working safely in the excavations.2. Preventing the collapse of sides of the area by changing the digging style like benching, battering.3. Prevent the fall of people by keeping the barricades with guard rails and toe boards.4. Prevent the fall of materials by keeping away from the excavation area with sufficient distance.5. Prevent the vehicles with stop blocks.6. Prevent the people coming to excavation area by keeping proper signages and barriers.7. Prevent the vehicles coming to tip the spoil when reversing with stop blocks at wheels.8. Adjacent structures need to be shored to prevent the collapse of structures or dis structure.9. Prevent the fall of excavated materials by keeping the trench boxes and shoring with wooden plates from vehicle movement vibrations.

Stress: Any harmful, unintended effect of excessive pressure is called stress.

Noise: A sound that creates irritation, unpleasantness to hear called noise