IGARSS 2011_AHMED GABER.ppt
Transcript of IGARSS 2011_AHMED GABER.ppt
ASSESSING THE POTENTIAL OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCES WEST ASSESSING THE POTENTIAL OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCES WEST
OF ASWAN, EGYPT, USING ALOS/PALSAR POLARIMETRIC OF ASWAN, EGYPT, USING ALOS/PALSAR POLARIMETRIC
INFORMATIONINFORMATION
Ahmed Gaber (Ahmed Gaber ( جابر جابر أحمد * Magaly Koch **, Motoyuki Sato **, Magaly Koch **, Motoyuki Sato ,*((أحمد* Center for Northeast Asian Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
**Center for Remote Sensing, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
IGARSS 2011, 24-29 July, Vancouver, Canada
Talk Outline
Research Background
Radar Polarization Transformation of ALOS/PALSAR
Radar Polarization Filtering
Preliminary results
Field Validation
Conclusion
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© Freeman et. al., 2007
Radar Penetration Capability in the Desert Areas
Research Background
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The penetration capability is based up on both the observational conditions (sensor)
and the medium characteristics (environmental conditions) , such;
The penetration depth is spatially dependent
Environmental conditionsSurface roughness
Moisture content
Dielectric constant
grain size
sand contaminants
Bulk density
Research Background
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Observational conditions Wavelength
Polarization
Incident angle
Objective
Evaluate the use of ALOS/PALSAR full polarimetric data to
delineate and image the near surface structures in the desert
environment west the Nile River in Egypt.
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Description of the Test Site
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ALOS/AVNIR-2
Barqa Hill
Nile
Riv
er
Nile
Riv
er
Radar Polarization Transformation of ALOS/PALSARRadar Polarization Transformation of ALOS/PALSAR
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© E. Pottier – J.S. Lee (2011)
Radar Polarization Transformation of ALOS/PALSARRadar Polarization Transformation of ALOS/PALSAR
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© E. Pottier – J.S. Lee (2011)
Radar Polarization Transformation of ALOS/PALSARRadar Polarization Transformation of ALOS/PALSAR
Orientation angle: ψ˚ψ˚
Elipticity angle: χ˚χ˚
ALOS/PALSAR(HH, HV, VH, VV)
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|SLL-SRR| |SLR+SRL| |SLL+SRR||SLL-SRR| |SLR+SRL| |SLL+SRR|
|SHH-SVV| |SHV+SVH| |SHH+SVV||SHH-SVV| |SHV+SVH| |SHH+SVV| |S11-S22| |S12+S21| |S11+S22||S11-S22| |S12+S21| |S11+S22|
|S11-S22| |S12+S21| |S11+S22||S11-S22| |S12+S21| |S11+S22|
Linear Basis (Linear Basis (ψψ=45° & =45° & χ χ =0°) =0°)
Elliptical Basis (Elliptical Basis (ψψ=45° & =45° & χ χ =23°) =23°) Circular Basis (Circular Basis (ψψ=0° & =0° & χ χ =45°) =45°)Elliptical Basis (Elliptical Basis (ψψ=135° & =135° & χ χ =34°) =34°)
|S11-S22| |S12+S21| |S11+S22||S11-S22| |S12+S21| |S11+S22|
Elliptical Basis (Elliptical Basis (ψψ=45° & =45° & χ χ =11°) =11°)
|S11-S22| |S12+S21| |S11+S22||S11-S22| |S12+S21| |S11+S22|
Radar Polarization Transformation of ALOS/PALSARRadar Polarization Transformation of ALOS/PALSAR
Orientation angle: ψ˚ψ˚
Elipticity angle: χ˚χ˚
ALOS/PALSAR(HH, HV, VH, VV)
AVNIR-2
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Radar Polarization FilteringRadar Polarization Filtering
Optimal Polarization Contrast Enhancement (O.P.C.E) method (Kostinski, and Boerner, 1987)
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Buried fracturesSurrounding the fractures
Radar Polarization FilteringRadar Polarization Filtering
The Proper Polarization State of Buried Fracture Imaging
iteration = 8
Final Contrast = 2.153422e+000
Optimal Transmit Polarizationg0 = 1.000000e+000g1 = 9.928611e-001g2 = 1.098681e-002g3 = 1.187688e-001
Optimal Receive Polarizationh0 = 1.000000e+000h1 = -9.832537e-001h2 = -1.133955e-001h3 = 1.426660e-001
Initial Contrast = 1.047321e+000
Buried fractures (Svv) and surrounding (Shh)
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Radar Polarization FilteringRadar Polarization Filtering
Polarization filtering effect: (a) before, and (b) after applying the O.P.C.E
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Preliminary resultsPreliminary results
(a) ALOS/AVNIR-2, and (b) ALOS/PALSAR processed image
10 km 10 km10 km
(a) (b)
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Ephemeral river
Ephemeral river
Ephemeral river
Bar
qa
Hil
l
Bar
qa
Hil
lB
arq
a H
ill
Field ValidationField Validation
Very dry soil moisture with values 0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and the maximum value is 1.7%
1) Measuring the soil volumetric moisture using (TDR)
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Field ValidationField Validation
εr = 3.04
The low moisture content and low RMS height are providing good The low moisture content and low RMS height are providing good
conditions for RADAR to penetrate relatively deepconditions for RADAR to penetrate relatively deep
The average hRMS = 0.01 cm
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Soil moisture with values 0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and the maximum value is 1.7%
Field ValidationField Validation
Acquiring GPR survey using 270 MHz shielded antenna
21 GPR profiles were surveyed
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Application point of viewApplication point of view
Extracted faults from (a) official geologic map, (b) processed ALOS/PALSAR data and (c) density map of highly fractured areas (brown color)
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Application point of viewApplication point of view
SRTM-DEM, drainage patterns and watersheds surrounding Kom Umbo basin
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ConclusionConclusion Circular polarization information of PALSAR L-
band data has been used in this study to detect hidden fault structures striking in various directions.
The Optimal Polarization Contrast Enhancement (O.P.C.E) method which maximizes the ratio of backscattered strength between faults (targets) and the surrounding sedimentary material (clutter) clearly defined the fault zones.
Faults that are largely undetectable on optical images or on the ground were detected on satellite radar images and confirmed with GPR.
These highly fractured zones are possibly favorable zones for groundwater accumulation. 22IGARSS 2011, 24-29 July, Vancouver, Canada
IGARSS 2011 24-29 July, Vancouver, Canada
Field ValidationField Validation
2) Measuring the surface roughness using the Pinemeter
The average hRMS was 0.01 cm across all sites, with a maximum of 0.2 cm (almost flat)
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Hill shaded relief image has been generated from the SRTM Hill shaded relief image has been generated from the SRTM
Kom Umbo Kom Umbo