REGIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE

AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION AND FOOD SECURITY IN CENTRAL ASIA

IFPRI Research and Network Building Experience in Central Asia

Dr. Paul DoroshDirector, Development Strategy and Governance Division

Regional Conference on Agricultural Transformation and Food Security in Central Asia8-9 April, 2014, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

Outline

• IFPRI Overview

• IFPRI’s research and network experience in Central Asia

• Current research and capacity strengthening agenda • Agricultural Policy and Food Security in Central

Asia project

IFPRI Overview • Four Research Divisions

• Development Strategy and Governance• Environment, Production and Technology• Markets, Trade and Institutions• Poverty Health and Nutrition

• IFPRI leads two CGIAR research programs• Policies, Institutions and Markets (CRP2)• Agriculture for Improved Nutrition and Health (CRP4)

• IFPRI’s research has broad impact• Shaping public investment priorities (India, CAADP, Ethiopia)• Moving nutrition up the global agenda (2020 policy dialogue) • Food security monitoring, analysis and planning (2007-08 food crisis,

China)• Supporting sound trade and market policies (Ethiopia, Nigeria,

Bangladesh)

IFPRI Research on the Ground

IFPRI supports country-led development processes

CSSPs*

Project offices

IFPRI offices

Guatemala City

Geneva

Johannesburg

Kinshasa

Islamabad Kathmand

u HanoiDhaka

Bujumbura

Note: * CSSPs = Country Strategy Support Programs

Improved access to information Cross-country mutual learning

Capacity building Policy dialogue

2013 Global Food Policy Report

Broad trends:• In 2013, staple food prices were relatively stable,

lacking the spikes that often dominated headlines in previous years.

• But prices of important dietary components, such as vegetables and fruits and nutrient- intensive crops, increased and fluctuated in many countries, particularly China and India.

• Nutrition captured the international spotlight in an unprecedented way.

IFPRI’s annual flagship report: Overview of the food policy developments that have contributed to or hindered progress in food and nutrition security. • Recent developments in food policy• Key challenges and opportunities• New evidence and knowledge• Updated food policy indicators• Emerging issues

For the first time, the 2013 GFPR includes a chapter on policy developments in Central Asia and Russia, and the publication overview is printed in Russian…

2013 Global Food Policy ReportKazakhstan• Adopted its Agribusiness 2020 program, a multiyear agricultural development

program targeting long-term efficiency and productivity improvements.

Kyrgyzstan• Adopted a new National Export Strategy focused on promoting exports of

fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and meat. Tajikistan• Continued implementing a comprehensive Agrarian

Reform Programme, finalized in late 2012, to improve farm productivity; amended the land code to establish inheritable and exchangeable land-use rights; adopted an integrated water resources management approach.

Uzbekistan• Advanced its policy on land consolidation;

continued its policy on diversification of crop production.

Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System in Asia (ReSAKSS-Asia)

An initiative based on a multi-country regional network for informing food and nutrition security strategies in Asia.

The work of the ReSAKSS-Asia is organized around three main objectives:1. Strategic Analysis: provide analytical tools and policy analysis to impact food

and nutrition outcomes,

2. Knowledge management: develop and monitor common indicators at the continental, sub-regional and national level to facilitate better strategic analysis,

3. Capacity strengthening and policy communication: work with individual countries and regional organizations to:

Exchange skills, and practical experiences to build capacity for food and nutrition security research

Tailor research to local needs and build bridges between research and policy making

Communicate key trends, research findings, and emerging challenges to policy makers

• Key research products and policy analysis on agricultural growth, poverty reduction, and food and nutrition security in the region;

• Data from national governments and regional and international organizations, as well as data collected by IFPRI and network partners;

• An interactive map tool that allows users to track and monitor Asian countries’ performances over time, and provide open-source and ready-to-use maps and graphs, and raw datasets on economic and welfare indicators, rural incomes and employment, and food and nutrition security

IFPRI Activities in Central Asia

Economic indicators vary widely across Central Asian countries

GNI per capita, PPP, current international $ (2012)

Average GDP growth, % (2003-2012)

Agriculture share of employment, % of total (2013)

Agriculture share of GDP, % (2012)

Average agricultural growth, % (2003-2012)

Undernou-rishment, % of population (2011)

Stunting, % of children under 5 (latest available)

Kazakhstan 11,780 7.3 26 4.7 2.9 5.0 13.1

Kyrgyzstan 2,230 4.1 33 20.2 0.2 6.4 18.1

Tajikistan 2,180 7.6 64 26.5 8.2 31.7 39.2

Uzbekistan 3,670 7.8 27 18.9 6.6 6.1 19.6

Source for agriculture share of employment data: World Bank Country Snapshots 2013Source for undernourishment data: FAO State of Food Insecurity in the WorldSource for stunting data: WHO, UNICEF and World Bank harmonized dataset (Latest available stunting data is from 2010 for Kazakhstan; 2006 for Kyrgyzstan; 2007 for Tajikistan; 2006 for Uzbekistan)Source for all other data: World Bank.

Past research activities in Central AsiaCollaborations

• Research on institutional change and rural services in Kyrgyzstan funded by BMZ

• Analytical support to USAID’s Feed the Future program in Tajikistan

• Regional Strategic and Analytical Knowledge Support System in Asia (ReSAKSS Asia) involves Central Asian policy-makers and researchers

Selected Research Findings

• Recent global food and financial crisis exposed region’s vulnerability to external shocks, food security deteriorated at macro and household levels (Akramov and Shreedhar 2012)

• Food and financial crises strongly impacted households, negative impacts on poverty and household welfare (Akramov and Shreedhar 2012)

• Agriculture-nutrition linkages in Tajikistan—agricultural diversity positively associated with dietary diversity, and in turn positively associated with child nutrition (Akramov and Malek forthcoming)

IFPRI’s current and future research and capacity strengthening activities in the region

• Applied policy research on agriculture and food security• Methodological issues• Macro and sectoral issues• Household level analysis• Regional and intraregional issues

• Developing research tools and models• Dynamic CGE and econometric models• Combining biophysical, GIS and economic models

• Promote the exchange of experiences and dialogue, and the use of knowledge in the policy process

Agricultural Policy and Food Security in Central Asia project

• Policy research components• Economywide modeling• Climate change• Assessing food and nutrition security, agriculture-nutrition

linkages and value chains• Emerging issues in agricultural development and food

security

• Capacity strengthening component• Support to improved capacity in quantitative policy analysis

through formal training and collaborative research• Content support for ECFS’s distance learning program

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Potential partners • The European Center for Food Security (ECFS) is both the

donor’s technical focal point and the key research partner• CGIAR PFU provides organizational and logistic support in the

region • Collaboration with various policy research institutes in the

region• Kyrgyzstan: University of Central Asia, National Academy of

Sciences, and Kyrgyz National Agrarian University• Tajikistan: Tajikistan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of

Agricultural Economics, and Research Center “Sharq”• Uzbekistan: Institute of Forecasting and Macroeconomic

Research, Uzbek Scientific Design and Investigation Institute (UzGIP), and Westminster International University in Tashkent

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СпасибоРахмат