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MCMXBM ! _XM

Muiust

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Gdocn Mppcdhmtdke Hkapmrdske

Hkendtdkedei ^ypo Krdgdho Zcmtos &>!fkcon$ men Ioeordh Hkeo Aotors

Amrb Y% Nmvds# Xoedkr Xtmgg Oeideoor

Xfocc Oxpckrmtdke ' Zrknuhtdke Hk% Deh%

Fkustke# ^oxms _XM

Zfdcdp M% Cmwroeho# Ndrohtkr kg Lusdeoss Novockpaoet

Hmaorke Aomsuroaoet Xystoas# Deh%

Fkustke# ^oxms _XM

Mlstrmht

Mcckhmtdke aomsuroaoet kg prknuhon fynrkhmrlke ims de tfo upstroma mrom roqudro ndggoroet

aomsuroaoet tohfedquos men strmtoidos tfme tfkso uson gkr stmenmrn pdpocdeo qumcdty ims aomsuroaoet

nuo tk tfo emturo kg tfo gcudns de tfo systoa%

Yot ims# fynrmto gkramtdke# cdqudn scuiidei# wocc hcome!up nolrds men sfkrt aotor rues mcc mnn tk tfo

ndggdhuct tmsb kg hkccohtdei aomedeiguc nmtm grka Fdif Zrossuro Gucc Yocc Xtroma &FZGYX$ mcckhmtdke

aotordei pkdets%

Wmrdkus aotor typos fmvo looe oapckyon gkr tfoso gckw roidaos de krnor tk aoot tfo eohossmry mhhurmhy

roqudroaoets men tfo mrnukus nuty tfmt ekramccy khhurs de tfoso mppcdhmtdkes%

^fds pmpor notmdcs tfo romc wkrcn oxpordoeho kg suhf m mcckhmtdke aotordei systoa kpormtdei de Yykadei#

_XM tfmt fms wdno rmeidei oevdrkeaoetmc pmttores grka lockw ! 8: noi G &!8> noi H$ de tfo wdetor tk "4:

noi G &"8< noi H$ de tfo suaaor mcc wfdhf hme fmvo me dapmht ke tfo aomsuroaoet%

^fo kpormtdkemc oxpordoeho men ndggoroehos lotwooe tfo twk aotordei tohfekckidos# hkendtdkedei krdgdho

pcmto vorsus hkeo wdcc lo notmdcon%

Aotor socohtdke hrdtordm wdcc lo ndshusson lmson ke gmhdcdty nosdie hkestrmdets de mhhkrnmeho wdtf

roiucmtkry men oevdrkeaoetmc roqudroaoets# mcckhmtdke mhhurmhy eoons# mckei wdtf sustmdemlco men hkst

oggohtdvo mpprkmhfos gkr dapcoaoetmtdke%

Nmtm grka tfo gdocn kpormtkr wdcc lo sfkwe tkiotfor wdtf porgkrameho# hmcdlrmtdke nmtm men hkaputmtdkemc

gcudn nyemadh damiory &HGN$ gkr skao aotor typos tfmt woro men mro ekw lodei gdtton tk aoot tfo

kpormtkrs aomsuroaoet pfdckskpfy%

Gdocn Ckhmtdke

^fo ckhmtdke kg tfo sul`oht gdocn ds de Yost Hoetrmc Yykadei hkesdstdei kg roakto wocc pmn ckhmtdkes wforo

mhhoss hme pkso prklcoas nurdei tfo wdetor aketfs nuo tk vmrdkus oevdrkeaoetmc gmhtkrs suhf ms

womtfor men medamc adirmtdkes% Grka m sustmdemldcdty stmenpkdet# tfo roakto aomsuroaoet systoas aust

kpormto oggohtdvocy wdtf adedaua amdetoemeho nurdei tfoso aketfs wdtf cdadton mhhoss% ! Gdiuro =

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Gdiuro =%:

^fo aomsuroaoet systoas destmccon mt tfo ckhmtdkes sfkwe uso gucc wocc!stroma aotordei men mro

mn`uston ly usdei m wocc tost sopmrmtkr tk hmchucmto tfo vkcuao hkrrohtdke gmhtkr gkr tfo wot ims aotordei%

^fo oevdrkeaoetmc dssuo ds keo kg boopdei tfo prknuhtdke gmhdcdtdos tk tfo samccost gkktprdet pkssdlco# nuo

tk tfo dapmht ke tfo ckhmc wdcncdgo pmrtdhucmrcy tfo auco noor wfdhf uso tfo Zdeonmco Metdhcdeo ms m

adirmtkry rkuto% Gdiuro < sfkws tfo typdhmc cmenshmpo tfmt ds nomct wdtf foro% ^fo ckhmc roiucmtkry

mutfkrdtdos mro vory strdeioet de amemidei men boopdei tfo nocdhmto lmcmeho eoonon mt tfoso ckhmtdkes%

Gdiuro

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Aomsuroaoet Zfdckskpfy

Aotordei ds roqudron tk gucgdcc m eualor kg guehtdkes nrdvoe ly roiucmtkry# denustry men detoremc

roqudroaoets% ^fo aotordei guehtdke rocmtos tk prkhoss hketrkc# smcos qumetdty men qumcdty# men

fynrkhmrlke mhhkuetdei%

Hkesdstoet wdtf m eoon tk sdapcdgy gmhdcdtdos# aotordei oqudpaoet ds adedadzon tk tfmt nooaon eohossmry tk

rue tfo lusdeoss% ^fo aomsuroaoet systoas mro nosdieon Gdt Gkr Zurpkso de krnor tk ronuho hmpdtmcmen kpormtdei oxpoeso# men sdapcdgy vkcuao rohkehdcdmtdke prkhonuros%

Aotordei novdhos# gckw hkendtdkedei oqudpaoet men mehdccmrdos wdcc lo nosdieon tk aoot tfo eohossmry

covoc kg mhhurmhy kecy% Xuhf mhhurmhy roqudroaoets aust lo de mhhkrnmeho wdtf LCA men Yykadei Kdc

men Ims Hkesorvmtdke Hkaadssdke roiucmtdkes# MZD stmenmrns# coimc# mhhkuetdei# XmrlmeosKxcoy &Xkx$

hkapcdmeho# men rosorvkdr amemioaoet roqudroaoets%

Hketdeukus romndeis mro tmboe nurdei tfo wocc tostdei prkhoss% ^fo tost sopmrmtkr ims vkcuaos mro

hkapmron tk tfo Fdif Zrossuro Gucc Yocc Xtroma &FZGYX$ Ndggoroetdmc Zrossuro Aotors &o%i% Hkeo aotor#

Hkendtdkedei Krdgdho Zcmto# kr sdadcmr novdhos$ romndeis men m ims vkcuao hkrrohtdke gmhtkrs mro

hmchucmton%

Keho tfo ims vkcuao hkrrohtdke gmhtkr &IWHG$ ds kltmdeon# tfo ims kecy vkcuaos grka tfo FZGYX Aotor

wdcc lo uson tk hmchucmto cdqudn vkcuaos% Cdqudn ydocns wdcc lo hmchucmton lmson ke tfo ims vkcuao

prknuhon nurdei tfo tost% fo wocc tost ds uson tk hmchucmto m nmdcy wocc tfokrotdhmc hketrdlutdke porhoetmio

gkr kdc# wmtor# men ims% ^fds porhoetmio ds hmchucmton usdei mcikrdtfas devkcvdei tfo nmdcy romndeis grka

tfo FZGYX Aotor men tfo wocc tost gmhtkrs% Keho tfo tfokrotdhmc nmdcy vkcuaos mro hmchucmton# tfoy mro

hkapmron wdtf nmdcy romndeis grka tfo mppcdhmlco smcos aotor gkr mhhurmhy%

^fo nmdcy smcos mro tfoe mcckhmton tk omhf wocc lmson ke omhf woccs hmchucmton hketrdlutdke porhoetmio%

^fo gdshmc mcckhmtdke khhurs wfoe tfo nmdcy smcos romndeis mro ropcmhon wdtf gdemc smcos romndeis men tfo

smao nmdcy tfokrotdhmc hketrdlutdke porhoetmio ds mppcdon%

^fo uso kg Ndggoroetdmc Zrossuro ^ohfekckiy &N%Z%$ tk aomsuro tfo gucc wocc stroma wot ims ds gmvkronlohmuso tfoso typos kg novdhos mppomr tk lo coss sushoptdlco tk tfo oggohts hmuson ly tfo auctdpfmso

mspohts kg tfo gcudn% Mctfkuif tforo ds me oggoht kg cdqudn de ims gkr mcc N%Z% novdhos# dt ds bekwe grka

rosomrhf tfmt tfo amde dssuo foro ds keo kg ropomtmlco rosucts grka wocc tost tk wocc tost wdtf adedaua

dapmht hmuson ly cdqudn ckmn hfmeios%

Xdeho m hkrrohtdke gmhtkr + mcckhmtdke gmhtkr ds hmchucmton gkr omhf wocc ckhmtdke tfo akst dapkrtmet

roqudroaoets mro tfmt tfo gucc wocc stroma aotor ds rklust# fms m prondhtmlco men ropomtmlco kpormtdei

oevockpo# men ds roprosoetmtdvo lotwooe wocc tosts% ^fo ekramc wocc tost pordkn ds fkurs keho por

aketf por gucc wocc stroma aotor tk notoradeo m ims vkcuao hkrrohtdke gmhtkr &IWHG$ tfmt ds uson gkr tfo

tdao tdcc tfo eoxt wocc tost pordkn%! Gdiuro 8%:

Yocc ^ost Amedgk cn Xystoa

M wocc tost amedgkcn ds destmccon de tfo gckw cdeo nkwestroma kg tfo FZGYX aotors% ^foro mro hfkbos

sdtumton upstroma kg tfo FZGYX aotors ke akst kg tfo ckhmtdkes%Xmapcos mro tmboe mt comst soad!

meeumccy grka omhf ims men hkenoesmto stroma% Xfrdebmio gmhtkrs mro mppcdon tk tfo irkss vkcuao

kltmdeon ly tfo wocc tost sopmrmtkr hkenoesmto+kdc turldeo aotors tk notoradeo tfo eot stkhb tmeb

hkenoesmto vkcuaos%

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Gdiuro ! 8%: !^ypdhmc Mcckhmtdke Xystoa

Aotor Hkrrohtdke Hmchucmtdkes %

Nurdei tfo wocc tostdei prkhoss# tfo vkcuao kg ims ds aomsuron mt tfo kutcot kg tfo tost vossoc men

rohkrnon ms tfo Xtmenmrn Ims Wkcuao &XIW$% ^fo dendhmton Gucc Yocc Xtroma Wkcuao GYXW ds mcsk

rohkrnon nurdei tfo smao tdao grmao% ^foe tfo XIW ndvdnon ly tfo GYXW wfdhf ydocns m ims vkcuao

hkrrohtdke gmhtkr &IWHG$ tfmt ds uson tk mshortmde tfo ims vkcuaos nocdvoron tfrkuif tfo FZGYX aotor%

^fus2

GYXAG 1XI^W + IWHG

Yforo2

XI^W 1Xtmenmrn Ims ^ost Wkcuao &AHG$%IWHG 1Gucc Yocc Xtroma Xtmenmrn Wkcuao GYXAG 1Gucc Yocc Xtroma Aotor Gmhtkr%

Hkenoesmto Wkcuao HmchucmtdkesWkcuaos kg Hkenoesmto prknuhon nurdei tfo wocc tost mro mcsk rohkrnon% ^fo dendhmton irkss vkcuaos

usumccy mro hkrrohton tk stmenmrn hkendtdkes &eot vkcuaos$ de mhhkrnmeho wdtf MZD AZAX

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Ymtor Wkcuao Hmchucmtdkes%

Zrknuhon wmtor vkcuaos mro mshortmdeon de tfo smao ameeor ms tfo hkenoesmto vkcuaos notmdcon

logkro# sdeho wmtor mt maldoet toapormturo ds mssuaon tk lo eke!hkaprossdlco% ^fo kecy ndggoroeho de

tfo aotfkn ds tfmt tforo ds ek hkrrohtdke grka irkss tk eot vkcuaos nurdei tfo wocc tost pordkn roqudron%

Gucc Yocc Xtroma Aotor ^ypos &M$ >!Fkcon Ndggoroet dmc Krdgdho Zcmto Novdhos%

Krdidemccy tfo gucc wocc stroma aotors wforo socohton ke m hkst lmsds men >!fkcon krdgdho novdhos woro

uson lohmuso kg tfds amenmto gkr tfo mppcdhmtdke roimrndei tfo systoa mppcdhmtdke% Mrkuen

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Ekademc

NZdpo

XhfonucoZdpo DN&Zdn$

>!FkcoKrdgdho Zcmto

&k%p%$n ! :%>Lotm

nh &grkaAmeugmhturorCdtormturo$ gkr

m :%> Lotm

^ktmcGckwMrom

Oggohtdvo LotmZor Oqumtdke

&Gdiuro!7$

8, >: 8%:76 :%7=> =% :%>::6: =% :%>76

Mrom \mtdk ^mlco Gdiuro 9! &Gkur Fkcon K%Z% Ameugmhturor Nmtm mlco$

Lmsocdeo men Ndsturlmeho ^ostdei > Fkcon Krdgdho Zcmto

^fo oggohtdvo mrom rmtdk hfmeios wdtf pdpo shfonuco ms hme lo sooe grka tfo tmlco ? l mlkvo lockw ds tost

nmtm grka m rohoet tost kg m > dehf > fkcon novdho toston wdtf ndsturlmeho oggoht tostdei &=+< akke pcmto$ mt

< # ? men 9# Zdpo Ndmaotors &Ns$ nmtm ! Fkccdstor ' Nyor! FkconKrdgdhoZcmto&$ OqumtdkeGdiuro7

Yforo n 1Fkco sdzo kg omhf kg tfo fkcos

Yforo Zdn 1Zdpo Detoremc Ndmaotor

k%p%

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Gucc Yocc Xtroma Aotor ^ypos &L$ ! Ioeordh Ndggoroetdmc Zrossuro &N%Z%$ Hkeo Aotor

^fo ioeordh hkeo aotor usos m lotm rmtdk oqumtdke sdadcmr tk me meeucmr krdgdho# wfdhf dehkrpkrmtos tfo

gckw mrkuen tfo kutsdno kg tfo hkeo meeucus% fo oqumtdke gkr tfds typo kg novdho ds sfkwe de Gdiuro ==%

Mcc Hkeo Aotors &eke!wmcc tmp nosdie$ hkesdst kg m hkedhmccy sfmpon ndggoroetdmc prossuro prknuhor gdxon

hkehoetrdhmccy de tfo hoetor kg m prossuro rotmdedei pdpo usdei m hmetdcovor aoalor# ly wfdhf m ndggoroetdmc

prossuro hme lo kltmdeon mhrkss tfo detorgmho kg twk hkeo grustuas vdm me detoremc pkrt!wmy systoa%

^fds mcckws tfo nkwestroma prossuroZ< tk lo aomsuron de tfo hoetor kg tfo hckson hkenudt vdm m pkrt!

wmy% ^fo gcudn ds cdeomrdzon tfrkuif tfo aotor tfrkmt &meeucus$ wdtfde m roidke nogdeon ly tfo ndggoroetdmc

prknuhor hkeo surgmho mrom men tfo detordkr surgmho kg tfo hckson hkenudt# wfdcst mcsk gcmttoedei tfo

vockhdty prkgdco de tfo tfrkmt roidke kg tfo novdho Gdiuro 4% ^fo upstroma prossuro Z=# lodei aomsuron

mt tfo pdpo wmcc%! Gdiuro 4

Gdocn Mhhoptmeho

^fo hkehopt kg usdei tfo hoetor kg tfo hkeo mlkvo tk akedtkr tfo nkwestroma prossuro fms sfkwe

hortmde loeogdts grka fdstkrdhmc nmtm hkapmron tk hkevoetdkemc ndggoroetdmc prossuro aotors suhf ms tfo

gkcckwdei 0!

m$ Gckw Hkendtdkedei Oggoht% &sfkrtor rues$l$ Fdif ^urenkwe \mtdk% & up tk =:!= $h$ Xkao Xtmtdh Adxdei%n$ Yot Ims usmio mt Ckhbfmrt ' Amrtdeoccd Yot Ims ^ost Wmcuos CA 1up tk :%8? ' CA 1:%?%

&Keo tost kecy mt :%? ly Xtovoes ! EXGAY 4":%747U>$ %% &=:$

^fds oqumtdke fms looe mhhopton de Denustry men ds sfkwe tk wkrb gkr hkeo typo aotors usdei tfo

iokaotry sfkwe de Gdiuro =8 grka < dehf ndmaotor aotor sdzos men cmrior%

HkaputmtdkemcGcudnNyemadhsDamio&?:/ Xohtdke$

Aotor ^frkmt

GCKY

Z8 cla++gtU8

l$ Am`krdty Hkendtdke 0 7 AAhg+nmy J 7:: psdi noesdty :%:>>8 cla++gtU8

h$ Oen Cdgo &eow$ 0 =%? AAhg+nmy J 7:: psdi noesdty :%:>>8 cla++gtU8

n$ Kcn Oen cdgo nmtm 0 =%: AAhg+nmy J 7:: psdi noesdty :%:>>8 cla++gtU8

Aotor sdzos woro notoradeon ocohtrkedhmccy grka m Hmaorke suppcdon prkprdoty skgtwmro wfdhf imvo m 8

dehf ! :%?? Lotm hkeo aotor ms tfo socohtdke tk gdt tfo oxdstdei pdpo!wkrb men gckw eoons%

Zrossuro rmtdei gkr tfo pdpdei wms MEXD Hcmss (

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Gdocn Mcckhmtdke \osucts

Oxmapco &M$ Gkur Fkcon Krdgdho Zcmto

Mvormio Nmdcy \mto 18#9?9!AXHG+nmy%

Gdiuro =7

Gdocn Mcckhmtdke \osucts

Oxmapco &L$ Ioeordh Ndggoroetdmc Zrossuro Hkeo Aotor

Mvormio Nmdcy \mto 1=>7=%?!AXHG+nmy

Gdiuro =9

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Hkehcusdkes

De hkehcusdke# lktf tfo >!fkcon krdgdho pcmto men hkeo aotordei tohfekckidos prkvdnon wot ims

aomsuroaoet mhhurmhy gkr wocc covoc mcckhmtdke wfoe mn`uston ly tfo IWHG grka tfo wocc tost de tfds gucc

wocc stroma wot ims mppcdhmtdke%

^fo hkeo aotordei tohfekckiy wms hfksoe ly Xfocc O'Z lohmuso kg oefmehon kpormtdkemc men de!gdocn

nkhuaoeton mcckhmtdke mhhurmhy# wdtf akro rklust womr hmpmldcdtdos de tfds pmrtdhucmr gckw roidao%

\onuhon aotor despohtdke groquoehdos men coss prklcoa detorvoetdkes woro mcsk klsorvon wdtf tfds typo kg

novdho%

\ogoroehos

&=$ Fmywmrn M% M Xkurho Iudno gkr _sors Ondtdke Zulcdsfon =496&74&7$ L% O Cmuenor men N% L Xpmcndei# =49># fo euaordhmc hkaputmtdke kg turlucoet gckws# Hkaput

Aotf Mppc Aohf Oeiei# Wkc 8#pp 7:&4$ N%H Ydchkx# =448# ^urlucoeho Aknocdei gkr HGN# NHY Denustrdos# Deh&=:$ @ %T%Tkke# =448# Euaordhmc Memcysds kg gckws de hfmeeocs wdtf smen nueos men dho hkvors# Zf%N

^fosds#Nopmrtaoet kg Aohfmedhmc Oeideoordei# fo _edvorsdty kg Dkwm%&==$ N%H% Ydchkx# =466# \omssossaoet kg tfo Xhmco Notoradedei Oqumtdke gkr Mnvmehon ^urlucoeho

AknocsMDMM @kuremc# Wkc