If Not Now, When? The Effects of Interruption at Different Moments Within Task Execution Piotr D....
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![Page 1: If Not Now, When? The Effects of Interruption at Different Moments Within Task Execution Piotr D. Adamczyk, Brian P. Bailey Graduate School of Library.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ed15503460f94bdf555/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
If Not Now, When?The Effects of Interruption at
Different Moments Within Task Execution
Piotr D. Adamczyk , Brian P. Bailey
Graduate School of Library and Information Science and Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign
CHI 2004
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Outline
• INTRODUCTION• RELATED WORK• METHODOLOGY• USER STUDY• RESULTS• DISCUSSION• CONCLUSION
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INTRODUCTION
• Proactive applications (email agents , instant messaging) do not consider the impact an interruption has on a user.
• Poorly timed interruptions can adversely affect task performance and emotional state .
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RELATED WORK
• Visual and Multimodal Strategies for Interruption
• Temporal Strategies for Interruption
• Event Perception
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METHODOLOGY
• Task Modeling– prediction regarding moments for interruption.
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Task Modeling
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Task Modeling
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Task Modeling
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USER STUDY
• Experimental Design• Subjects• Tasks• Interruptions• Procedure• Measurements
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Experimental Design
• 3 task type:– Editing, Media, Searching.
• 4 interruption trigger: – presumed best, presumed worst, random, no.
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Subjects
• Sixteen subjects– 13 male and 3 female.
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Tasks
• The first was a document-editing task.
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Tasks
• The second task class consisted of four short documentary or news media clips .
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Tasks
• The final task class was a web-searching task.
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Interruptions
• immediately and accurately, without moving the interrupting window.
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Procedure
• First sent a sample instance of the task type.
• Second answer any questions that might arise.
• Finally, subjects were told to take the whole task execution.
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Measurements
• Time on Task (TOT) was the total trial time minus the Time on Interruption (TOI) an approximate value for Resumption Lag.
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RESULTS
• TOT, TOI, Resumption Lag• Annoyance, Frustration, Time Pressure• Mental Demand, Mental Effort• Respect
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TOT, TOI, Resumption Lag
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Annoyance, Frustration, Time Pressure
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Mental Demand, Mental Effort
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Respect
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DISCUSSION
• Our results show significant impacts along a variety of scales.
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CONCLUSION
• An attention manager attempts to identify opportune moments in a user’s task sequence for an interruption to occur .
• User wouldn’t be required to rehearse, as the points at which the interruptions would occur would be easier to recall.