International Conference on Antenna Theory and Techniques, 2013, Odessa, Ukraine pp. 526-528

MICROWAVE HEATING. THE DESIGN, MODELING

AND MONITORING OF THERMAL PROCESSES

AND COMPLEXES

1G.A. Morozov and

2Ya.N. Shangaraeva

1Tupolev Kazan National Research Technical University (KNRTU-KAI), Kazan,

Russia

E-mail: gmorozov-2010@mail.ru 2Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunication and Informatic (Kazan Branch),

Kazan, Russia

E-mail: yana-tina18@mail.ru

Abstract

Studies implemented in different countries have shown high efficiency of micro-

wave heating in the economic activity. Technology, greatly utilizing microwave elec-

tromagnetic energy, called microwave technology.

This paper discusses the issues of construction a road map of design and practical

development of many microwave technological process (MTP), the results of theoret-

ical research and development of design solutions for highly effective microwave

technological systems (MTS) are given. On the example of the melt asphaltic resin-

ous paraffinic sediments (ARPS) the high efficiency of microwave heating is proved.

Keywords: Microwave heating, thermal processes and complexes.

INTRODUCTION

The development of microwave techniques and technolo-

gies based on the developments in the field of basic and

applied sciences, the usage of new physical principles and

phenomena, creating new materials and new element base,

process automation, methods of development of environ-

mentally friendly energy-saving technologies.

When MTI are implemented the following require-

ments and criteria will be to the fore: economic efficiency

and practical expediency, conformity of used hardware

components to the level and the technical requirements of

the leading countries of the world community, conformity

of used technical equipment to the energy saving and envi-

ronmental conformity of used technical equipment to the

energy saving and environmental requirements, technical

simplicity and safety requirements [1].

1. FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM:

Road map construction of design of the microwave sys-

tem, providing the best tactical and technical parameters of

microwave heating technology with the least energy ex-

penses of power consumption. The authors suggest a pos-

sible step by step solving of this problem.

1.1. THE FIRST STEP.

Defining the problem and objectives. This can be

done using a multi-level hierarchical classifier pro-

posed in [1,2] and shown in Fig.1 [1,2].

Multi-level hierarchical classifier shows the prob-

lem area as a combination of theoretical and applied

knowledge in the field of excitation and measurement

of EMF parameters accumulated at a given time.

Solution to the general problem of planning MTP

development strategies can be implemented at the

levels of hierarchical classifier with the corresponding

criteria of efficiency and optimization [2].

1.2. THE SECOND STEP. DETERMINATION OF

TASKS.

Determination of tasks of the problem based on the

development of dynamic planning strategies [3].

Fig.1. Multi-level hierarchical classifier of problem

areas of EMF and MTS excitation.

1.3. THE THIRD STEP

Structural analysis and optimization issues of MTS

[1]. Setting targets the problem based on the devel-

opment of dynamic scheduling strategies [3].

978-1-4799-2897-2/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE

G.A. Morozov and Ya.N. Shangaraeva

International Conference on Antenna Theory and Techniques, 16-20 September, 2013, Odessa, Ukraine 527

Fig.2. The structure scheme of MTS.

Where SEM – the subsystem excitation-

measurement of EMF in the environment; SG - the

subsystem - generator of the SHF and EHF-ranges;

RTD – the receiving and transmitting device; MS -

the mechanical subsystem; SED – the system encryp-

tion-decryption device; CS-DS - control subsystem

and develop solutions; D11, D21, D13, D23, D31, D33 -

measuring sensors.

1.4. FOURTH STEP

Determination and selection of microwave processes.

For this purpose the concept and definition from the

MTS classifier can be used [1].

Fig.3. Classification of microwave technological

processes.

1.5. FIFTH STEP

The research of hierarchical levels of the MTS life

cycle [1].

Analysis of MTS classifiers and hierarchical levels

of the MTS life cycle allows the researcher and de-

signer of MTS conclude that for many MTP, especial-

ly those belonging to the group of low-intensity

effects, there are reserves to reduce the cost due to the

rational mode processing selection.

Fig.4. Hierarchical levels of the microwave techno-

logical system’s life cycle.

1.6. THE SIXTH STEP

Mode processing determination plays an important

role as it allows to choose the best mode in terms of

the cost of the designed system, and this is the eco-

nomic cost of the entire system as a whole.

It is obvious that the proposed method can be seen

in the ambiguity of the path assessment and selection

of the MTS realization and this is understandable,

since the usage of microwave heating for the various

processes and technologies is a complex issue and it is

necessary to have a ways of choosing a particular cri-

terion.

The report provides some examples of existing

models for various applications: Experimental MTS

for final drying before laying the seeds for storage,

MTS for dehydration devonian and carboniferous oils,

water-oil emulsion composition analyzer.

2. THE EXPERIMENTAL SETUP OF THE ARPS

MELT IN PIPES.

MTS includes: a source (generator) of microwave

energy; transition connector; removal block of the

melt; pipe model filled with ARPS; matching load;

ARPS container; power supply; measuring instru-

ments [1].

The source of microwave energy is realized by

magnetron M 136-1 with power Pg = 500 W. The

efficiency of the generator k = 0.55 - 0.65. Frequency

of generated electromagnetic waves is 2450 MHz.

The magnetron is cooled by air

For the real 10 meter pipe the following character-

istics are obtained:

total time T of melting does not exceed 4 min.

generator power is 50 kW.

System will provide productivity at least 150 pipes

/ day with work in 3 shifts. For this productivity, the

energy consumed by the system will be on the average

of 1,000 kWh-1

per day.

Fig.5. Structure scheme for the ARPS melt; 1- a

source (generator) of microwave energy; 2-

transition connector; 3- removal block of

the melt; 4- pipe model filled with ARPS;

5- matching load; 6- ARPS container; 7-

power supply; 8- measuring instruments; 9-

cooler.

Microwave Heating. The Design, Modeling and Monitoring of Thermal Processes and Complexes

528 International Conference on Antenna Theory and Techniques, 16-20 September, 2013, Odessa, Ukraine

Economy of MTS per one month of exploitation

characterized by the data presented in Table 1.

Table 1. Economic indicators of the constructed

MTS

Economic

characteristics

Physical

quantity

Cost,

rouble

MTS cost 1 500 000

Energy cost 24000 kWh-1

15 000

Service staff

(work in 3 shifts)

8 people 20 000

Depreciation of

system

- 10 000

Overhead ex-

penses

- 50 000

Taxes - 50 000

Total costs - 145 000

The main

products

(purified pipes)

3600 -

Cost per unit of

main products

- 32.2

Secondary

products (ARPS)

540 tn -

Calculations for the industrial use of microwave

technology show: high productivity, low level of

cost, high level of environmental safety; well posi-

tioned production of secondary raw materials.

3. CONCLUSION:

A road map for modeling and design of micro-

wave system is developed.

On the basis of an example of the ARPS melt, as

well as on the basis of the results and the design

examples of different MTS, that were demonstrat-

ed in the article, it can be concluded that micro-

wave technologies and setups are efficient and

environmentally friendly, available for automation

and preservation.

Research of mode of phase conversion of the sub-

stance (in this case, the ARPS melt) allows to con-

struct statistical models of modeling on the real

systems of substance transport (in this example

petrol system tubes)

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