IDPT - 03 - Circulating System - Hole Volume, Hydrostatic and Slugs
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Transcript of IDPT - 03 - Circulating System - Hole Volume, Hydrostatic and Slugs
Circulation System
IPM
CIRCULATION SYSTEM
IPM IDPT
Circulation System
IPM
The Drilling FluidThe drilling fluid is a mixture of various components
The functions are1. Provide hydraulic horse power to the bit2. Transport cuttings out of the hole3. Support well bore4. Prevent entry of formation fluids into the well bore5. Cool and lubricate the bit and drill stem
Basically three types of drilling fluids1. Water based drilling fluid2. Oil based drilling fluid3. Air or gas based drilling fluid
Circulation System
IPM
Preparation and Treatment
The four major routines are1. Initial Preparation2. Weight up (increase the mud weight)3. Water back/Dilution (reduce the mud weight)4. Break over/Treatment (change the chemistry of the mud)
Mixing Jet Hopper
A funnel shaped device to rapidly add Solid materials to drilling fluid by Vacuum principle
Circulation System
IPM
TestingThe two major variables that are constantly monitored are
Mud weight using a mud balance
and
Viscosity using a Marsh funnel
Circulation System
IPM
Circulating EquipmentConsists of
1. Suction pits2. Suction line3. Mud pumps4. Discharge line5. Stand pipe6. Rotary hose7. Drill Stem8. Annulus9. Return line10. Settling tanks11. Conditioning area
Circulation System
IPM
Triplex Mud PumpCalled the HEART of the Circulation System
Circulation System
IPM
Triplex Mud Pump
Circulation System
IPM
Pump Manifold
Circulation System
IPM
Discharge Dampener
Absorbs discharge pressure surges
Thus permits smoother volumetric output
In turn minimizes vibrations
Installed close to the pump
Nitrogen is used to charge the dampener
Circulation System
IPM
Charging Pump
Supplies drilling fluid to the mud pump
Is on the suction line of the mud pump
Centrifugal Type
Circulation System
IPM
Pump Module
Circulation System
IPM
Liners and Pistons
Fluid End
Power End
Circulation System
IPM
Liners and Pistons
Two dimensions are
Stroke Length and Diameter
Theoretical volumetric output is calculated
Volumetric Efficiency is normally 97 to 98%
Actual volumetric output is thus calculated
Circulation System
IPM
Valves and Seats
Circulation System
IPM
Pump Output Exercise
Stroke Length 12”
Liner Diameter 6”
Find pump output per stroke
Circulation System
IPM
Solids Control Equipment
Shale Shaker Desander/DesilterThe first cleanerRemoves the biggest particlesVibrating screens
Many cone shaped cylindersRemoves the smaller particlesCentrifugal force
Circulation System
IPM
Conditioning Equipment
Vacuum De-Gasser
Removal of GasGasses entrained in the mud need to be removed because1. They reduce the density2. Reduce the pump efficiency3. Decrease hydrostatic pressure4. Increase drilling fluid volume
Two types of equipment is used
And
Mud Gas Separator
Circulation System
IPM
Drill String and Annular Volumes
DArea (in sq) = D x 0.785
2
Volume in bbl/ft = D1029.4
2
Dd Annular Volume in bbl/ft = D2 d 2
1029.4
Annulus - The space between drill string and holeAnnular Volume - The volume of this space
Annulus
Circulation System
IPM
Hole Volumes
Drill Collar
Drill PipeID of drill pipe = d1OD of drill pipe = D1Length of drill pipe = l1
ID of drill collar = d2OD of drill collar = D2Length of drill collar = l2
Hole Size = D3
All volumes are in barrels
A = DP inside volume (capacity) = l1 x d1 / 1029.4
B = DC inside volume (capacity) = l2 x d2 / 1029.4
C = Annular volume around DC = l2 (D3 – D2) / 1029.4
D = Annular volume around DP = l1 (D3 – D1) / 1029.4
Total Hole (well) volume = A + B + C + D (bbl)
2
2
2
2
2 2
Circulation System
IPM
Practice Work on Volumes
Hole Size – 8 ½”Drill Collar – 6 ½” OD, 2 ¼” ID, 650 feetDrill Pipe – 5”, 4 ¼” IDHole depth – 8200 feet
What is the volume of this well in bblHow many strokes to pump this volume
Circulation System
IPM
Practice Work on Volumes
Hole Size – 8 ½”Drill Collar – 6 ½” OD, 2 ¼” ID, 850 feetDrill Pipe – 5”, 4 ¼” IDHole depth – 8400 feetCasing Shoe – 3000 feetCasing Details – 9 5/8”, 53.5 ppf,
What is the volume of this well in bblHow many strokes to pump this volume
Circulation System
IPM
Hydrostatic Pressure
In which vessel is the hydrostatic pressure the highest
They are the same in all cases
BECAUSE
Circulation System
IPM
Hydrostatic Pressure
Hydrostatic Pressure is a function of vertical depth and density
Hydrostatic pressure in a well = 0.052 x TVD x Mud Weight
Circulation System
IPM
Hydrostatic Pressure
6240 psi 7800 psi 5616 psi 6058 psi
Circulation System
IPM
SLUG
ORIGINAL MUD
HEAVY MUD - SLUG
DRILLPIPE
ANNULUS
SLUG
EMPTYPIPE
SLUG IS PUMPED SO AS TO PROVIDE A LENGTH OF DRY PIPE DURING POOH
Circulation System
IPM
Practice Work on Slug
Hole Size – 8 ½”Drill Collar – 6 ½” OD, 2 ¼” ID, 850 feetDrill Pipe – 5”, 4 ¼” IDHole depth – 8400 feetCasing Shoe – 3000 feetCasing Details – 9 5/8”, 53.5 ppf,
MW – 10ppg Slug Wt – 12ppg
How much slug to have 300 feet of dry pipe