Identifying Variables & Hypothesis Notes and Examples.
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Transcript of Identifying Variables & Hypothesis Notes and Examples.
![Page 1: Identifying Variables & Hypothesis Notes and Examples.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081811/5697bf7a1a28abf838c82a8b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Identifying Variables & HypothesisNotes and Examples
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3 Kinds of Variables
•Independent Variable – something that is changed by the scientist▫What is tested▫What is manipulated
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3 Kinds of Variables
•Dependent Variable – something that might be affected by the change in the independent variable▫What is observed▫What is measured▫The data collected during the investigation
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3 Kinds of Variables
•Controlled Variable – a variable that is not changed▫Also called constants▫Allow for a “fair test”
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Students of different ages were given the same jigsaw puzzle to put together. They were timed to see how long it took to finish the puzzle.
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What was the independent variable?
•Ages of the students▫Different ages were tested by the scientist
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What was the dependent variable?•The time it to put the puzzle together▫The time was observed and measured by the scientist
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What was a controlled variable?•Same puzzle▫All of the participants were tested with the same puzzle.
▫It would not have been a fair test if some had an easy 30 piece puzzle and some had a harder 500 piece puzzle.
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An investigation was done with an electromagnetic system made from a battery and wire wrapped around a nail. Different sizes of nails were used. The number of paper clips the electromagnet could pick up was measured.
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What are the variables in this investigation?
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Independent variable:
•Sizes of nails▫These were changed by the scientist
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Dependent variable:
•Number of paper clips picked up▫The number of paper clips observed and counted (measured)
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Controlled variables:
•Battery, wire, type of nail▫None of these items were changed
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The higher the temperature of water, the faster an egg will cook.
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•Independent variable – temperature of water
•Dependent variable – time to cook an egg
•Controlled variable – type of egg
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Hypothesis
•Educated Guess•Possible answer to a question•Written in an “if-then” format
If IV, then DVIf this is changed, then this will happen.
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Example #1
•Question:▫Will giving my cactus only Mountain Dew®
cause it to die?•My guess/poorly written hypothesis:
▫Yes•Correctly Written Hypothesis
▫If Mountain dew is given to my cactus, then it will die.
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Example #2
•Question:▫What causes rainbows?
•My guess/poorly written hypothesis:▫When glitter is dumped from airplanes
•Correctly Written Hypothesis▫If colored glitter is dumped from airplanes,
then there will be a rainbow.
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Your Turn!• Question
▫Why is the sky blue? ▫ (you may or may not know the actual answer)▫ (it doesn’t matter if you do or do not know the
actual answer, as this is a hypothesis!)• Your guess/poorly written hypothesis
(Mine is: The sky is filled with tiny blueberries.)• Correctly written if/then hypothesis• My hypothesis:
▫ If the sky is filled with tiny blueberries, then the sky will be blue.