Barron's 600 Essential Words for the TOEIC Test (Electronic-library.blogfa.com)
Identifying common flaws in arguments barron's test prep blog – online education and test prep
-
Upload
nakul-surana -
Category
Documents
-
view
96 -
download
1
Transcript of Identifying common flaws in arguments barron's test prep blog – online education and test prep
11/16/2014 Identifying Common Flaws in Arguments | Barron's Test Prep Blog – Online Education and Test Prep
http://barronstestprep.com/blog/identifying-common-flaws-in-arguments/ 1/4
Courses: GRE GMAT SAT ACT PSAT SIGN IN REGISTER
Search
3,077 fans
followers
45 subscribers
Connect with us
Subscribe to Barron'sTest Prep Newsletter
Your name
Your email
GRE
Subscribe
T AGS
ACT ACT Questionof the Day ACT Sentence
Correction Argument Analysis
Essay be thankful Circles comma
Geometry GMAT GMAT
Essay GMATQuestion of theDay GMAT Questions of the Day
GMAT Sentence CorrectionGMAT Verbal grammar
grammar tuesday
GRE GRE ebooks GRE Essay
Popular Tags
Barron's TestPrep BlogLatest articles, news, discussions, etc. Subscribe to blog feeds.
Identifying Common Flaws in ArgumentsPosted on January 31, 2013 by Kevin
In order to evaluate a test taker’s writing and logical reasoning, both the GRE and GMAT contain a 30 minute
argument analysis essay. Based on a short argument, test takers must identify errors in logic, explain why these
are errors, and ultimately, discuss how these flaws negatively affect the conclusion or recommendation of the
argument.
To prepare for this portion of the test, you need to be comfortable identifying and naming common flaws in logic.
But, what is an argument flaw (sometimes called a logical fallacy)? Simply put, these are either intentional or
unintentional mistakes made in reasoning. Often, people will sacrifice rigorous reasoning for brevity and commit
these errors; others intentionally exploit these flaws to convince an unwitting public to do or buy something.
Whatever the case may be, we need to be able to identify these flaws to be successful on the written portion of
the test. And the bonus of studying these flaws is that you will be able to root out deceivers, provocateurs,
and soothsayers.
Plato, Socrates, and Aristotle upset by logical fallacies. Click on the image to rev eal 24 logical fallacies.—
11/16/2014 Identifying Common Flaws in Arguments | Barron's Test Prep Blog – Online Education and Test Prep
http://barronstestprep.com/blog/identifying-common-flaws-in-arguments/ 2/4
4 THOUGHTS ON “IDENTIFYING COMMON FLAWS IN ARGUMENTS”
GRE Issue Essay GREQuestion ofthe Day GRE Verbal
independent clause Invisible
Gorillas learning vocabulary MathProbability punctuation QuantQuantitative Comparison
quotation marks SAT SAT
essay SAT Identifying Sentence
Errors SAT Improving Sentences
SAT Question ofthe Day SentenceCompletion Sentence
Completions SentenceEquivalence Sentence
Equivalence Questions Strategy
Twitter Vocabulary Word ofthe Week Word Problems
Popular New Comments
Identifying Common Flaws in
Arguments
Posted on January 31, 2013 by Kevin
Dig our articles
Some people have a knack for spotting these errors while some of us have to work a little harder. If you find
yourself in the latter group, fret not because there are a lot of great resources available to you. One of my
favorite resources is a website with a catchy title: Thou Shall Not Commit Logical Fallacies.
This is a great website that identifies 24 common flaws made by everyone. Jesse Richardson, Andy Smith and
Som Meaden did a great job of putting all these flaws together on one poster with definitions and examples (They
also will print you a poster and mail it to you for $20). The site has a webpage for each of these flaws making it
easy to focus on one flaw at a time, and of course, to send your friends the link of the flaw that they committed.
For the GRE and GMAT, though, you will not need to know all 24 of these flaws. Many of these are not common
on the test, so I have created a list below, with links, to the most common flaws found in arguments given to
students. Spend some time looking over each of these. Try and think of a time where you have heard one of
these flaws; search for them in news stories you read, advertisements you see, or in a politician’s speech you
hear. You are bound to start seeing them all over the place. The more you look the more you see.
Disclaimer: This is not an extensive list of the flaws that appear on the GRE and GMAT argument analysis
essays. So, don’t end your search; this is where it begins.
1. False Cause - Sometimes called confusing causation with correlation, this is one of the most committed flaws.
Cause-and-effect is generally extremely hard to prove whether you are talking about a business plan, a historical
event, or a chemical reaction in the body. When humans see two events coincided, they tend to think that one
caused the other, but this is not necessarily true. Most likely, these events are correlated, not causal.
2. Ambiguity - Who hasn’t been ambiguous when arguing a point or writing an essay? This happens often when
people are not well versed in the topic, or don’t want to take the time to explain themselves. On the test, you will
find all kinds of phrase and words that lack a clear meaning. This is a flaw you should point out.
3. Composition/Division – By another name, this is stereotyping. If you assume that a characteristic of a member
of a group is representative of all members (or vice versa), you are committing this flaw. Don’t stereotype
individuals or groups based on your narrow experience, and don’t let other people get away with it either.
4. Black-or-White – Sometimes called a binary argument, or assuming that two courses of action are mutually
exclusive, this flaw happens often. Humans have to simplify the world in their mind in order to make sense of it.
When we do this, we tend to ignore the middle ground, or grey area, in a situation.
5. Anecdotal – Just because your grandmother had a bad experience once in eastern Kentucky doesn’t mean
that you should think that eastern Kentucky is a bad place. In reality, it is probably really nice. Don’t let your
narrow experience of something, or someone else’s, influence your opinions or conclusions, so don’t let them get
away with it on the test. Demand rigorous and verifiable evidence.
6. The Texas Sharpshooter – Humans will unconsciously ignore information that contradicts their beliefs while
actively seek out information that confirms their beliefs. A sort of mental cherry picking that allows us to feel
comfortable with our decisions and beliefs. But, this is flawed. No using partial information or data to support
conclusions.
Your journey has just begun. Continue to better yourself and those around you by demanding a little more rigor
in their arguments.
This entry was posted in GMAT, GRE and tagged ambiguity, Ancedotal, Argument Analysis Essay, common argument flaws,
Composition/Division, false cause, GMAT Essay, GRE Essay, logical fallacies, Texas Sharpshooter by Kevin. Bookmark the
permalink [http://barronstestprep.com/blog/identifying-common-flaws-in-arguments/] .
Nikos Pastras
on February 4, 2013 at 10:09 pm said:
Dear Sirs,If I purchase your on-line GMAT tutorial will I be able to do again andagain the three (3) complete tests throughout the one yearsubscription or are they meant to be used once only?
11/16/2014 Identifying Common Flaws in Arguments | Barron's Test Prep Blog – Online Education and Test Prep
http://barronstestprep.com/blog/identifying-common-flaws-in-arguments/ 3/4
GRE
Course Tour
Technology
Practice
Lessons
Solution Videos
Resources
Compare
Blog
Pricing
GMAT
Course Tour
Technology
Practice
Lessons
Solution Videos
Resources
Blog
Pricing
SAT
Course Features
Why Barron's
FAQ's
Test Dates
Pricing
ACT
Course Features
Why Barron's
FAQ's
Test Dates
Subscribe
PSAT
Course Features
Why Barron's
FAQ's
Test Dates
Subscribe
School and Library
Licenses
Connect withBarron's Prep
Copyright © 2012 Barrons Educational Series Inc.
All rights reserved.
Home | About us | Why Barron's | Blog | Support | Contact us | Privacy Policy | User Agreement | Sitemap
I look forward to your replyYours faithfullyNikos Pastras
Kevin
on February 5, 2013 at 5:23 am said:
Hi Nikos,I am not involved in that side of the web site. I recommend sendingyour question using this contact form:http://barronstestprep.com/contact/Good luck!
columbia コロンビア
on August 24, 2013 at 1:24 am said:
コロンビア アウトレット
financial advisor
on September 20, 2013 at 4:07 pm said:
This site was… how do you say it? Relevant!! Finally I’ve foundsomething that helped me.Cheers!
11/16/2014 Identifying Common Flaws in Arguments | Barron's Test Prep Blog – Online Education and Test Prep
http://barronstestprep.com/blog/identifying-common-flaws-in-arguments/ 4/4
250 Wireless Blvd, Hauppauge, NY 11788, USA.
Phone: 1-800-645-3476 | (631) 434-3311
Visit out NY Regents Review site at
w w w .BarronsRegents.com
Visit out book site at
w w w .BarronsEduc.com
Technology for this site is
provided by Snapw iz Inc.