ICT Market Profile United Kingdom March 2012

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    This document is one of a series of free information tools for exporters produced by New Zealand Trade and Enterprise.New Zealand Trade and Enterprise provides a wide range of standard services and sophisticated solutions that assistbusinesses through every stage of the export process. For information or advice, phone New Zealand Trade andEnterprise on 0800 555 888, visit www.nzte.govt.nz, or contact your New Zealand Trade and Enterprise client manager.

    Exporter Guide

    ICT IN THE UNITED

    KINGDOMMarket ProfileMarch 2012

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    CONTENTS

    1 MARKET STRUCTURE 31.1 Market Overview 3

    1.2 Market Drivers 7

    1.3 Market Potential 8

    1.4 Import Trends 11

    1.5 Key Players in the Market 12

    1.6 Regulatory 13

    2 MARKET ENTRY AND DEVELOPMENT 16

    2.1 Market Entry Strategies 16

    2.2 Points of Differentiation 162.3 Long Term Strategic Issues for Exporters to Consider 16

    2.4 Distribution Channels 17

    2.5 Pricing 17

    3 MARKET RESOURCES AND CONTACTS 21

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    1 MARKET STRUCTURE

    1.1 Market OverviewThe United Kingdom is one of the most affluent and technologically advanced countries in

    the world, with sophisticated Information Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure

    as well as a relatively affluent population.

    The United Kingdoms ICT market is the largest in Europe and the third largest in the

    world after the United States and Japan. The ICT market includes computer hardware,

    packaged software and ICT services.

    In 2011, the market was estimated at US$85.4 billion and ICT spend per capita was

    estimated at US$1,379, which is considerably higher than other European countries.i The

    United Kingdom is the worlds largest per-capita e-commerce market and the ICT marketcontributes 7.2 percent of GDP.ii

    United Kingdom: ICT market size in million USD

    2008 2009 2010 2011f 2012f

    ICT Market 84,424 77,454 82,876 84,533 88,760

    Hardware 21,106 17,814 19,890 19,443 19,971

    Services 51,499 49,183 51,797 53,256 55,919

    Software 11,819 10,456 11,188 11,835 12,870Source: Business Monitor International (forecasts: 2011,2012)

    United Kingdom: Organisational use of ICT products and services

    Source: Frost & Sullivan (NB: # indicates small sample size; * Enterprise Web 2.0 includes social networking functionality;

    values less than 5 percent are not shown numerically in chart)

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    Hardware

    The computer hardware industry in the United Kingdom was worth an estimated US$19.4

    billion in 2011. Computer hardware, including personal computer hardware and

    accessories, accounted for 23 percent of total ICT spending.i

    In the United Kingdom, personal computer penetration is high at approximately 69

    percent. However, due to a sharp fall in average sale prices, the value of personal

    computer sales fell by approximately 14 percent in 2011.

    Softwareiii

    The software market in the United Kingdom is the second largest in Europe (just behind

    Germany) with annual sales of more than US$16 billion (8 billion) in 2011. Packaged

    software sales totalled US$11.8 billion, equivalent to around 14 percent of total ICT

    spending.i The industry has some world-class vendors in areas such as applications

    software (Sage), banking systems (Misys) and enterprise search (Autonomy). However,these sell primarily to overseas markets and well recognised international suppliers (i.e.

    Microsoft, Oracle, IBM and SAP) dominate software spending in the United Kingdom

    market.

    While the economy has lagged behind Germany and the United States, the market is

    recovering from the downturn. The United Kingdom has a large and dynamic financial

    services community as well as some of the worlds leading multinational brands in

    markets such as manufacturing, services, retail and telecoms.iii

    United Kingdom: Software market growth: 2009-2013

    Source: Intellect UK

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    The United Kingdom, despite being an advanced market, has pirated or illegal software

    and these contribute to approximately 27 percent of software used in the market.i

    Financial services

    There has been a recovery in demand for software in the financial services sector. The

    strongest area of growth was in capital markets, where a rapid recovery of the leading

    investment banks in London has been matched by increased investment in technology.

    In the insurance sector, regulatory drivers have led to growth in some front office areas,

    but demand for core insurance systems has remained quiet. Insurance broking has been

    a key area of Service as a Service (SaaS) adoption as evidenced by the financial

    performance of companies such as Acturis.iii

    Public Sector / Government

    According to the Cloud Industry Federation, 38 percent of public sector organisations use

    cloud services, compared to 53 percent of the private sector. Users of cloud computing

    include the National Health Service, the Environment Agency and the Association of Chief

    Police Officers.i

    The ICT public sector has grown despite the recession and in 2009, public ICT spending

    reached US$16.7 billion (10.9 billion).i However, in 2011, the coalition governments

    sweeping budget cuts have led to a number of ICT projects being scaled down or

    postponed. iii

    ICT is used in many ways across government agencies but five broad applications are

    generally recognised:iv

    Online services a growing number of public services are now available online.

    Business intelligence systems these systems typically automate the collation,

    analysis and presentation of financial information, management information and

    metrics about business performance and relevant progress indicators across an

    organisation.

    Business systems these systems range from simple database applications through

    to large transactional systems supporting the operation of tax collection and benefits

    payments.

    Back office systems the public sector relies on a range of finance, human

    resources, procurement and facilities management systems to manage its operations

    effectively.

    Infrastructure this includes all basic tools for the modern working environment (i.e.

    desktops, printers, laptops, telephones, servers, software applications and email).

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    Business Software

    Approximately 60 percent of business software spending is on applications such as

    enterprise resource planing (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), financial

    management systems and information software. Middleware, such as database

    management systems and systems management tools accounts for approximately 40

    percent of total ICT market.i

    Cloud Computing

    The cloud computing segment was estimated to be worth more than US$1 million in 2010.

    Cloud computing models have grown by 18 percent in 2010, as more companies want

    flexibility while reducing capital outlays. i

    Services

    United Kingdom: Telecom retail revenues by service type [2004-2010]

    Source: Intellect UK

    ICT services and outsourcing is the largest ICT market segment and accounted for morethan 60 percent of total ICT spending in 2011. The ICT services spending totalled

    US$53.3 billion.i

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    The phone application segment generates approximately US$737 million (467 million)

    annually and developers generate approximately 7,500 jobs across the country. According

    to Deloitte, the application industry has supported 35,200 jobs and contributed a total of

    US$3.5 billion (2.2 billion) to the economy in recent years.v

    An estimated 23 percent of mobile phone users in the United Kingdom own smart-phones

    and almost 70 percent of high-end smart-phone users use the mobile internet, compared

    to less than 20 percent of owners of standard voice phones.

    By the end of 2010, fixed broadband had reached 76 percent of households, compared to

    71 percent in 2009.

    Following a slight decline in 2009, the telecom market returned to growth in 2010, and the

    retail revenue increased by 2 percent. While there was a continued drop in earnings from

    voice services, the growth was due to data fixed and mobile.iii

    Mobileiii

    Mobile data grew strongly and sales grew by over 15 percent in 2010, mainly due to

    mobile broadband and mobile internet. However, mobile broadband is rapidly maturing

    and mobile operators are focusing on retaining existing subscribers rather than increasing

    their subscriber base.

    The core product for the mobile segment, voice, grew by 4 percent in 2010, as mobile

    took greater share of voice minutes away from fixed, but declined in value. The revenues

    fell by 0.9 percent in 2010, compared to a decline of 7.9 percent in 2009.

    Fixediii

    The decline of the fixed telecommunication sector slowed in 2010, due to keydevelopments such as the growing availability of next-generation access (NGA), offering

    consumers higher broadband speeds. In 2010, the total number of fixed voice lines fell by

    0.6 percent, following a steeper 2 percent decline in 2009. Fixed call volumes declined by

    3.3 percent. Retail fixed call and access revenue fell by 3.4 percent in 2010, following a

    steeper 6.9 percent drop in 2009.

    1.2 Market Drivers

    The following are viewed as key drivers for the ICT industry in the United Kingdom:i

    There are increasing consumer and business concerns about the pace of the United

    Kingdoms economic recovery as well as continued consumer de-leveraging.

    Consumers are moving away from notebooks. There was growing propensity to

    purchase alternative mobile connectivity devices (i.e. smart phones and tablets).

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    Both private and public sector budgets are tight and businesses are reluctant to

    commit to new investments that require large amounts of time and money.

    For some medium sized companies, the decision factor behind ICT investments are

    shifting from cost savings to expansion, as the global supply chain environment has

    become more complex.

    Smaller businesses are increasingly required to meet performance, visibility and

    compliance standards (previously expected on larger companies).

    The environment of fiscal retrenchment has caused the government to announce its

    intention to renegotiate a number of existing contracts. According to the Cabinet

    Office, an estimated savings of US$1.6 billion (1 billion) resulted from a curtailment

    of 229 ICT projects across the government in 2010.

    1.3 Market PotentialNew technologies and business models, including 3G mobile, WiMAX and industry trends

    such as cloud computing, virtualisation and green ICT, will provide potential areas of

    growth in 2012. Spending is forecast to receive a boost from system upgrades deferred

    during the recession in 2009. There are opportunities in the insurance, telecoms, services

    and utilities sectors.

    Technology is converging rapidly and consumers are asking for ICT as a service with

    distinctive capabilities for implementing efficient and cost-saving ICT solutions. For

    example, Imtech, a technical services provider, took advantage of the changing

    circumstances in the ICT market during recent months and secured orders worth US$44.8

    million (34 million). The orders include preparation of the BBC internet ICT infrastructure,in anticipation of the digital peak expected around the London Olympic Games and the

    supply of ICT infrastructure in a data centre for a major government agency.vi

    The population has a high proportion of young people, which benefits the ICT market as

    they are generally more open to new technologies and innovations.i Approximately 50

    percent of 16 to 24 year olds already upload self-created content online.ii

    Hardware

    During the period 2012-2016, total personal computer revenues are forecast to grow by a

    compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6 percent, reaching US$20.2 billion. The

    computer hardware market is forecast to reach US$20 billion in 2012. The main growth is

    expected to be in portable computers. The commercial personal computer segment is

    estimated to receive a boost from computer hardware tenders previously delayed due to

    the economic situation.i

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    Software

    The United Kingdoms software market is projected to increase by a CAGR of 6 percent

    during 2012-2016, reaching US$16.1 billion in 2016. Businesses are looking to improve

    operational and cost efficiency, which encourages the adoption of SaaS and cloud

    computing solutions.i The SaaS segment is fast growing and there are opportunities for

    software companies who can create SaaS solutions in areas such as social networks,

    mobile payments and marketing applications.iii Spending on cloud computing is projected

    to double by 2014, with demand not only for business, but also for consumer applications.

    However, businesses in the United Kingdom remain cautious about the strength of the

    economic recovery. As a result, consumers will move towards solutions that are good

    enough to solve immediate problems and provide an immediate return on investment.i

    Relative growth in the United Kingdom Software market, 2010-2014

    Source: Intellect UK

    Public sector / Governmenti

    The governments tough austerity programme has targeted an average of 19 percent cuts

    across departments over a four year period. This is likely to restrain ICT demands in the

    United Kingdom.

    While the government plans to scale back or cut its ICT projects, there are still

    opportunities in public sector bodies for ICT suppliers. These include the following:

    The Home Office Border Agency plans to invest in new cost-saving technology The government has earmarked to deliver the following services digitally:

    - Job Seekers Allowance applications

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    - New business tax registrations

    - Some drivers licence services

    Mergers between agencies will generate new ICT projects. The councils ofKensington and Chelsea, Hammersmith and Fulham, and Westminster will merge

    their back offices.

    The Treasury and Customs agencies are projected to make cuts in in-house ICT

    capabilities to save US$474 million (300 million) and this could create opportunities

    for external ICT suppliers / providers.

    The government has plans to adopt cloud computing, known as the G-Cloud. The

    government has started to use more open source software in the public sector and is

    consulting on how this policy can be balanced with security precautions. It has been

    projected that as many as 80 percent of government departments could be using the

    G-Cloud system by 2015.

    Business Software

    In functional terms, the majority of business software demand is for ERP and supply chain

    management. Despite a relatively mature market, there are opportunities for ERP

    implementations in industries such as consumer products, telecommunications, energy,

    engineering, construction, transport, food and beverage, retail and metal working.i

    Services

    The ICT services market is forecast to be the fastest growing segment, with a CAGR of

    over 6 percent during 2012-2016. The segment is estimated to reach US$69.9 billion by

    2016.i

    London is a premier global financial hub and the United Kingdoms banking, insurance

    and security trading systems provide major opportunities for ICT vendors, due to the level

    of complexity of their operations. The likelihood of new European Union regulations to

    cover the financial sector following the global financial crisis, will drive new spending

    during the period 2012-2016.iii

    Cloud Computingi

    Spending on cloud computing is forecast to double by 2014, with demand not only for

    business but also for consumer applications. According to the IDC, the SaaS market could

    be worth US$400 million by 2013.

    According to BMI, surveys carried out in 2011 suggest that:

    41 percent of businesses in the United Kingdom will increase investment in cloud

    solutions over the next 12 months

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    there will be a 30-50 percent increase in organisations investing in cloud and mobile

    solutions over the next 3-5 years

    United Kingdom: Peer group opportunities

    Peer Group Growth Outlook SaaS adoption potential

    Banking and Insurance Strong Moderate

    Public sector Weak High

    Media and telecommunications Moderate Moderate

    Retail Moderate Moderate

    Business Management Moderate High

    Marketing and Content Management Moderate High

    Infrastructure Strong Moderate

    Source: Intellect UK

    Telecommunication sector

    The telecommunication sector is forecast to continue its gradual slide as the market

    saturates and competition puts pressure on prices. New service opportunities such as

    providing connectivity to tablets, will only have a limited impact on driving new growth.

    Analysis Mason, a consultancy firm that specialises in telecommunications, projects the

    focus of mobile and fixed operators will be on how they can invest in new, high-speed

    next-generation access (NGA) networks without damaging their profitability. Key players

    will look at gaining new revenues from additional services such as machine-to-machine

    applications (i.e. smart metering, delivery of cloud services).

    Mobile internet is projected to continue to see strong growth, largely driven by an

    increased number of smart-phone users.

    1.4 Import Trends

    In 2010, the United Kingdom imported a total of US$66.9 billion worth of ICT goods. The

    majority of imported ICT products were electrical equipment for line telephones,

    constituting 21 percent of total ICT imports, automatic data processing machines (20

    percent) and television receivers (8 percent).

    Over 70 percent of ICT spending is made on international brands, particularly in

    infrastructure and tools.iii

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    United Kingdom: Top 10 ICT import origins in USD million

    2010 Market share

    Total 66,858 100%China 13,302 20%

    Netherlands 8,412 13%

    Germany 7,264 11%

    United States 5,727 9%

    Hungary 2,952 4%

    Ireland 2,558 4%

    Taiwan 2,263 3%

    Czech Republic 2,222 3%

    Japan 2,159 3%

    France 2,052 3%

    Source: Trade Map

    ICT services imports by countries in million USD

    Source: OECD Trade in Services by Category of Service database

    1.5 Key Players in the Market

    There has been an increase in consolidation among small and medium sized companiesas they struggle to compete with their larger rivals with larger marketing, research and

    development budgets and low cost development skills in offshore locations.iii

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    Hardware

    The top five players in the hardware segment include HP, Dell, Acer, Apple and Samsung.

    HP suffered from the economic downturn and its shipments declined by 11 percent in

    2010, but this was below the market average of 15 percent. Dells shipments declined by

    12 percent during the same period, and Acer reported the highest decline of 45 percent

    decline.i

    Software

    The business software market is competitive, with smaller companies having their niche

    alongside major players such as SAP, Oracle and Microsoft. For example, approximately

    300 software providers compete in the ERP market for the small to medium enterprise

    segment alone.i

    United Kingdom: The relative sales of major players in the Software market

    Source: Intellect UK

    Services

    HP remained the leader in the services segment. Other leaders include IBM, Capita, BT

    Global Services, CSC, Accenture and Atos Origin.

    SaaS has become a major focus for vendors in the United Kingdom. For example,

    Microsoft partnered with Fujitsu to provide cloud application services.i

    1.6 Regulatory

    Information provided in this section is for reference only. When negotiating supplycontracts and before beginning actual export, companies are advised to consult closely

    with their importer or distributor.

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    Duties and tariffs

    Sales tax (VAT) is payable for all imported goods. There are three rates of VAT:

    A standard rate 20 percent

    A reduced rate 5 percent

    A zero rate 0 percent

    For more information on VAT, visit the HM Revenue and Customs office at

    customs.hmrc.gov.uk

    Tariffs vary depending on the product or service being imported. For more information on

    tariffs in the United Kingdom, visit the Business Link at tariff.businesslink.gov.uk

    Licensing and registration requirements

    The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is recognised by theEuropean Union as a European Standards Organisation that produces globally-applicable

    standards for ICT products and services.

    For more information on ICT standards, visit www.etsi.org

    Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)

    The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and Restrictions on Hazardous

    Substances (RoHS) directives affect companies selling a broad range of electrical goods

    in Europe. The directive encourages recycling of electrical and electronic equipment and

    limits the total quantity of waste going to final disposal.

    For more information on the WEEE, visit the European Commission at ec.europa.eu

    The Data Protection Act

    The United Kingdom Data Protection Act 1998 controls the storage and use of information

    about individuals held on computers. The act applies to any businesses that hold

    computer data containing personal details of customers, suppliers and employees.

    Businesses must notify to the Information Commissioners Office (ICO) of certain details

    about the processing of personal information.

    For more information on the Data Protection Act, visit the Information Commissioners

    Office at www.ico.gov.uk

    Labelling requirements

    The CE marking is the most widely used and recognised marking required by the

    European Union. It is a mandatory conformity mark on many products placed on the

    single market in the European Economic Area (EEA). The CE marking certifies that a

    product has met EU consumer safety, health or environmental requirements.

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    The CE marking is required for most products including:

    cableway installations

    construction products

    electromagnetic compatibility

    medical devices

    radio and telecommunications terminal equipment

    refrigeration appliances

    machinery

    For more information on CE Marking, see NZTEs how-to guide for CE Marking at

    www.nzte.govt.nz

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    2 MARKET ENTRY AND DEVELOPMENT

    2.1 Market Entry Strategies

    Entering a new market can either be opportunistic or structured. The best approach is to

    find a current or new customer, who can take your product or service and use it in their

    international offices. This will give you a ready-made springboard into other markets. After

    securing these customers, you should then apply the more structured approach.

    The following process has been used by most companies moving into international

    markets:

    researching the market r igorously,

    customising their product or service to suit that market,

    building the most appropriate channels or routes to that market then promoteyourself in that market.

    Throughout this process you should seek funding to underpin each stage. This section is

    deliberately structured along the lines of the classic Four Ps of marketing (product, price,

    place and promotion).

    It is recommended that New Zealand businesses have a documented marketing plan. It

    will allow businesses to communicate their ideas in a standard way, compare activities in

    other countries and measure their progress. If you employ the services of a public

    relations or marketing agency, a marketing plan will assist them understand your business

    and develop strategies accordingly.

    2.2 Points of Differentiation

    If you are in a crowded market space, where there is little apparent differentiation between

    products, then you will need to focus on identifying and developing your unique selling

    proposition. Real / perceived uniqueness is significant to your business, as it generally

    encourages consumers to buy from your sales person / supplier as opposed to your

    competitors.

    While lower priced products may attract some customers, price cannot work as a unique

    selling proposition. Many consumers are willing to pay extra to get products that meet

    their needs / wants. Businesses should differentiate money-saving benefits from

    straightforward price discounting. Lower priced products without user-related benefits willbe vulnerable to competition with unique selling proposition which may be higher priced or

    in prestige packaging.

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    2.3 Long Term Strategic Issues for Exporters to Consider

    Budgeting Issues - to start up in the United Kingdom and keep your business

    runningThe success of your business in the United Kingdom will depend on the calibre of the

    people you employ. Successful market entrants in the United Kingdom generally employ

    high quality employees and are prepared to pay the required premium.

    London and the south-eastern regions are the most expensive on almost all fronts.

    However, nearly half the United Kingdoms software companies are located in the south-

    eastern regions, as are most of their service sector customers.

    In broad terms, recent analysis indicated that it can cost up to 0.75 million to physically

    open up a technology business in the United Kingdom, with an expectation of sales in 6 to

    9 months. It is recommended that businesses anticipate a minimum of 0.35 million. You

    may decide to enter the market at the minimum cost but it is recommended to budgetpessimistically.

    Many organisations look to ease market entry through partnerships or other form of co-

    operative arrangement. There are a number of ways businesses can reduce costs when

    entering the United Kingdom market:

    by opening your business in a lower cost area of the country (away from the south-

    eastern regions),

    by moving in to an already set-up business incubator,

    by opening up in serviced offices with office essentials (i.e. switchboard,

    photocopier, meeting rooms, desks and telephones), for which you pay a monthlyfee,

    by temporarily setting up in the offices of a partner.

    Businesses with financial / banking software packages, that feel the need to be located

    near their customers, may find setting up in the city of London to be highly costly. These

    businesses can reduce costs by a third by following the above alternatives. However,

    companies should factor that most consumers prefer to see demonstrations before

    making a purchase. New Zealand businesses may need to invest in a demonstration

    facility.

    2.4 Distribution ChannelsA distribution channel is any pipe that businesses use to connect products and services

    with their target customers. Channels, or your route to market, are a key to the early

    success of your export campaign. New Zealand businesses have the following options:

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    Opening a subsidiary. This is an expensive option but gives New Zealand

    businesses a direct control over their strategy in the market.

    Signing a contract with a partner. This has been a proven option but choosing the

    right partner is often difficult. Exclusivity should not be in your vocabulary unless you

    are very certain of your channel.

    Setting up a joint venture. This option may not provide flexibility in your new market

    if you are contractually bound.

    Selling online. New Zealand businesses need to consider whether this is an

    appropriate sales vehicle for their business.

    Licensing to original equipment manufacturers. This can be a long process and it

    may be difficult to ensure that your product offering is as strategically important to

    the manufacturers as it is to you.2.5 Pricing

    Common Pricing Approaches:

    Pricing for technology and software have become highly variable. Customers recognised

    the inadequacy of the historic pricing model and are negotiating alternate licensing rights,

    especially where software are licensed for large numbers of users. Customers also look

    for methods to acquire usage rights that does not involve them in large administrative

    commitments to monitor and control the usage. Common practices can be best summed

    up under the following general headings:

    user based pricing

    usage or transaction based pricing

    volume pricing

    site based pricing

    software as a service

    Even within pricing schemes based on user, usage, volume or site factors, it may still be

    appropriate to allow for platform differences in your fee. As users pay for the value

    received from the use of the product, if the user is able to achieve more with one platform

    than another, the prices may justifiably be different. Whichever pricing method is chosen,

    a policy must be built for pricing licence fees for customers who wish to make very large

    purchases.

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    It is recommended that New Zealand businesses make a decision on whether to allow

    customers to copy their products in-house. New Zealand businesses should fix a

    maximum, even if its a very large number. If this isnt taken place, companies may be

    seen as perpetuating the notion, that further copying or usage is free.

    Large corporate customers are increasingly looking for these deals and also looking for a

    single price list, regardless of the country they purchase the licence from. These

    customers may request the right to copy software products in-house, with the agreement

    that the supplier can receive regular audited reports on the number of copies in use within

    the customers organisation. It is recommended to examine the means that they will use to

    monitor and track their usage. Despite their good intentions, they may have difficulties

    when monitoring the usage which may lead to illegal copies. These deals are generally

    viable if the customer has automated systems to create the necessary tracking and

    control reports.

    User Based Pricing

    It is common to price software products based on the number of users to better reflect its

    value. This model is used for software with users who can be policed or monitored. A

    software user can be defined in three ways:

    a named individual,

    a concurrent (simultaneous) user

    a physical terminal, or workstation.

    Usage or Transaction Based Pricing

    This pricing model may be appropriate for software that cannot police its users as its pricereflects the usage, not a predetermined fee. For example, New Zealand businesses may

    charge by the number of invoices produced. Both the company and the user must have

    the ability to monitor usage in terms of units.

    Site Based Pricing

    It is common to grant license rights for a particular site or a group of sites for software that

    cannot use user based pricing or usage based pricing models. The site based pricing

    model is most commonly used when companies are unable to predict its users or usage

    over a period of time. This model can simplify pricing strategies for companies, but leaves

    very little opportunity to find additional license revenue in the future. It is recommended

    that, when granting site based licenses, New Zealand businesses limit the time period forwhich the license is granted.

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    Volume Pricing

    This is a method of introducing volume discounts into the pricing equation in a controlled

    manner. To encourage sales of products or services in one business transaction (whether

    it be machines, users, usage or sites), businesses can increase the percentage discount

    that they offer.

    Software as a Service

    This approach is becoming increasingly acceptable for front office applications such as

    customer relationship management (CRM), office productivity and security tools. It is also

    well suited for smaller customers or customers looking to trial alternative systems that do

    not need to integrate with existing back office systems.

    Other Pricing Considerations

    Warranty

    New Zealand businesses should consider additional costs before making decisions on its

    pricing options. For example, extra cost is incurred if warranty is provided with a sale of a

    product. Warranty is not always offered, particularly with low-price mass market products,

    but increasing number of products offer warranty due to consumer legislations and market

    pressure. When warranty is offered, it is usually for a short period of time and generally

    the associated price is included in the license fee. It is not common to promote warranty of

    a product on media as this may give consumers the impression that the products may not

    perform. It is recommended that warranties are limited whenever possible. If the period of

    warranties needs to be extended, then an additional price may be charged.

    Documentation

    Price associated with an initial documentation is generally incorporated in its license fee.

    Licenses generally grant a restricted right to use the documentation. New Zealand

    companies may provide additional copies and other materials for an extra charge. Users

    generally cannot make extra copies of documentation without the companys consent, to

    avoid software theft or making unauthorised copies.

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    Exporter Guide | THE UNITED KINGDOM | ICT | March 201221/

    3 MARKET RESOURCES AND CONTACTS

    Disclaimer:

    This publication is provided to you as a free service and is intended to flag to you market opportunities and possibilities.Use of and reliance on the information/products/technology/concepts discussed in this publication, and the suitability ofthese for your business is entirely at your own risk. You are advised to carry out your own independent assessment of thisopportunity. The information in this publication is general; it was prepared by New Zealand Trade and Enterprise (NZTE)from publicly available and/or subscription database sources. NZTE; its officers, employees and agents accept no liability forany errors or omissions or any opinion/s expressed, and no responsibility is accepted with respect to the standing of anyfirm/s, company/ies or individual/s mentioned. New Zealand Trade and Enterprise is not responsible for any adverseconsequences arising out of such use. You release New Zealand Trade and Enterprise from all claims arising from this

    ASSOCIATIONS / ORGANISATION WEBLINK

    Society of ICT Management

    A professional association for public sector ICTmanagement

    www.socitm.gov.uk

    PublicTenders.net

    A website with all of the latest public sector tenderannouncements

    www.publictenders.net

    Socitm

    A membership association for all ICT professionalsworking in Local Authorities and the Public andThird Sectors and suppliers to those sectors

    www.socitm.net

    British Venture Capital Association

    A leading industry body and public policy advocatefor the private equity and venture capital industry

    www.bvca.co.uk

    Techcrunch UK

    A blog covering Web 2.0 and Mobile start-upswww.uk.techcrunch.com

    Intellect UK

    The UKs technology industry associationwww.intellectuk.org

    Ofcom

    Independent regulator and competition authority forthe UK communications industries

    www.ofcom.org.uk

    TRADE EVENTS WEBLINK

    Public Sector Enterprise ICT conference www.publicsectorict.co.uk

    Digital Shoreditch www.digitalshoreditch.com

    SmartGov www.smartgovlive.comCloud Computing World Forum www.cloudwf.com

    GeeknRolla www.geeknrolla.com

    OTHER NZTE PUBLICATIONS WEBLINK

    United Kingdom Country Brief www.nzte.govt.nz

    Exporter Guide for the United Kingdom www.nzte.govt.nz

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    publication. New Zealand Trade and Enterprise reserves the right to reuse any general market information contained in itsreports.

    iBusiness Monitor International, January 2012. United Kingdom Information Technology Report Q1 2012.

    ii The guardian, 16 January 2012. Lets give adults the benefits of digital skills. Retrieved from www.guardian.co.ukiii

    Intellect, May 2011. Intellect State of the Sector 2011iv

    National Audit Office, 17 February 2011. Information and Communications Technology in government- LandscapeReview. Retrieved from www.official-documents.gov.uk

    v London Evening Standard, 24 January 2012. Phone app economy worth 2.2 billion. Retrieved fromwww.thisislondon.co.uk

    viReuters, 16 Jan 2012. Imtech: orders worth 34 million euro for IT solutions in the UK. Retrieved from www.reuters.com