ICPC REGION 2ICPC REGION 2

20132013 RTSRTS

ETHICSETHICS

Course GoalsCourse Goals

• • An understanding of the terminology An understanding of the terminology surrounding ethics surrounding ethics

• • An understanding of the trust the public An understanding of the trust the public places in its public servants, ministers, places in its public servants, ministers, and counselors and counselors

• • The role of ethics in leadership The role of ethics in leadership

• • Fair and open access of accountabilityFair and open access of accountability

Course GoalsCourse Goals

• • Personal and cooperative values Personal and cooperative values

• • The development of integrity and The development of integrity and character character

• • Leadership and character as goals Leadership and character as goals

• • The measure of character The measure of character

• • The expectations of public servantsThe expectations of public servants

The TerminologyThe Terminology

ETHICSETHICSA code of behavior that A code of behavior that

enables people to make enables people to make moral judgments about moral judgments about difficult situationsdifficult situations

The TerminologyThe Terminology

MORALSMORALSA system of principles and A system of principles and

judgments based on cultural, judgments based on cultural, religious, and philosophical religious, and philosophical concepts and beliefs, by which concepts and beliefs, by which humans determine whether humans determine whether given actions are right or wrong.given actions are right or wrong.

The TerminologyThe TerminologySTANDARDSSTANDARDS

A practice or product, which is widely A practice or product, which is widely recognized or employed, especially because recognized or employed, especially because of its excellenceof its excellence

PUBLIC TRUSTPUBLIC TRUSTThe responsibility the public places on The responsibility the public places on

government to care for their needsgovernment to care for their needs

The TerminologyThe Terminology

TRUTHTRUTHThat which is universally and at all That which is universally and at all

times the determining basis for the times the determining basis for the reality of existence. Factuality, that reality of existence. Factuality, that which exists regardless of view point which exists regardless of view point or relative opinion. The essence of or relative opinion. The essence of natural law and its principles.natural law and its principles.

The TerminologyThe Terminology

INTEGRITYINTEGRITYComprises the personal inner sense of Comprises the personal inner sense of

“wholeness” derived from honesty “wholeness” derived from honesty and consistent uprightness of and consistent uprightness of character. Evaluators, of course, character. Evaluators, of course, usually asses integrity from some usually asses integrity from some point of view, such as that of a given point of view, such as that of a given ethical tradition or in the context of ethical tradition or in the context of an ethical relationship.an ethical relationship.

The TerminologyThe Terminology

SITUATIONAL ETHICSSITUATIONAL ETHICSA particular view of ethics, in which A particular view of ethics, in which

absolute standards are considered absolute standards are considered less important than the requirements less important than the requirements of a particular situation. The of a particular situation. The standards used may, therefore, vary standards used may, therefore, vary from one situation to another, and from one situation to another, and may even contradict one anothermay even contradict one another

The TerminologyThe TerminologyFAIRNESSFAIRNESS

Justice is a concept involving the fair, Justice is a concept involving the fair, moral, and impartial treatment of all moral, and impartial treatment of all persons, especially in the law. It is persons, especially in the law. It is often seen as the continued effort to often seen as the continued effort to do what is right. In most cases what do what is right. In most cases what one regards as “right” is determined one regards as “right” is determined by consulting the majority, employing by consulting the majority, employing logic, or referring to divine authority, logic, or referring to divine authority, in the case of religionin the case of religion

The TerminologyThe Terminology

VALUESVALUESPrinciples, standards or qualities Principles, standards or qualities

considered worthwhile or desirable considered worthwhile or desirable by the person who holds them.by the person who holds them.

PROBITYPROBITYComplete and confirmed integrity; Complete and confirmed integrity;

having strong moral principleshaving strong moral principles

Trust Given to Public Trust Given to Public Servants, Ministers and Servants, Ministers and Counselors Counselors

The Nature of Public TrustThe Nature of Public Trust

The right to life, liberty, property and The right to life, liberty, property and the pursuit of happiness.the pursuit of happiness.

The protection of those rights.The protection of those rights.

Behavior and Public Behavior and Public TrustTrust

LawLaw

ReligionReligion

EthicsEthics

EtiquetteEtiquette

Expectations of Public TrustExpectations of Public Trust

What does the public expect of the What does the public expect of the police?police?

Be there Be there Do no harmDo no harm

ObjectivityObjectivity FairnessFairness

CourageCourage SkillSkill

IntegrityIntegrity PerfectionPerfection

Ways to Destroy Public Ways to Destroy Public TrustTrust

Using your position for personal gainUsing your position for personal gain

Not being truthfulNot being truthful

Lack of confidentiality Lack of confidentiality

Covering upCovering up

Excessive forceExcessive force

Public Trust DilemmasPublic Trust Dilemmas

Truth vs. JusticeTruth vs. Justice

Honesty vs. LoyaltyHonesty vs. Loyalty

Due Process vs. Crime ControlDue Process vs. Crime Control

Ramifications of Destroying Ramifications of Destroying Public TrustPublic Trust

Poor ReputationPoor Reputation

Loss of supportLoss of supportLoss of employment/PositionLoss of employment/Position

Loss of fundingLoss of funding

Community UnrestCommunity Unrest

The Role of Ethics The Role of Ethics in Leadershipin Leadership

Models of LeadershipModels of Leadership

George PattonGeorge Patton

George PattonGeorge Patton  John Beck, a tank destroyer sergeant, related: John Beck, a tank destroyer sergeant, related:

"On the way to Bastogne, we would see "On the way to Bastogne, we would see Patton along the side of the road waving us Patton along the side of the road waving us on. I don't know how he got ahead of us all on. I don't know how he got ahead of us all the time, but he did. Patton was right there the time, but he did. Patton was right there breaking it up and getting things moving breaking it up and getting things moving again. He was a relentless man...and a great again. He was a relentless man...and a great general. Patton had a theory that the general. Patton had a theory that the Germans didn't shoot as well on the run. Germans didn't shoot as well on the run. That's why he never wanted to stop. The only That's why he never wanted to stop. The only time he stopped in the field was when he ran time he stopped in the field was when he ran out of gas."out of gas."

GeorgeGeorge PattonPattonVirgil Pinkley, a UPI writer, wrote, "Gen. George Virgil Pinkley, a UPI writer, wrote, "Gen. George

S. Patton believed he was the greatest S. Patton believed he was the greatest soldier who ever lived. He made himself soldier who ever lived. He made himself believe he would never falter through doubt. believe he would never falter through doubt. This absolute faith in himself as a strategist This absolute faith in himself as a strategist and master of daring infected his entire and master of daring infected his entire army, until the men of the second American army, until the men of the second American corps in Africa, and later the third army in corps in Africa, and later the third army in France, believed they could not be defeated France, believed they could not be defeated under his leadership.“under his leadership.“

George McClellanGeorge McClellan

George McClellanGeorge McClellan

George McClellanGeorge McClellan

The New York The New York Evening Post    

commented in McClellan's obituary, commented in McClellan's obituary, "Probably no soldier who did so "Probably no soldier who did so little fighting has ever had his little fighting has ever had his qualities as a commander so qualities as a commander so

minutely, and we may add, so minutely, and we may add, so fiercely discussed."fiercely discussed."

George McClellanGeorge McClellan  McClellan is usually ranked in the lowest tier of Civil War generals. McClellan is usually ranked in the lowest tier of Civil War generals.

However, the debate over McClellan's ability and talents remains the However, the debate over McClellan's ability and talents remains the subject of much controversy among Civil War and military historians. subject of much controversy among Civil War and military historians. He has been universally praised for his organizational abilities and for He has been universally praised for his organizational abilities and for his very good relations with his troops. They referred to him his very good relations with his troops. They referred to him affectionately as "Little Mac"; others sometimes called him the "Young affectionately as "Little Mac"; others sometimes called him the "Young Napoleon". It has been suggested that his reluctance to enter battle Napoleon". It has been suggested that his reluctance to enter battle was caused in part by an intense desire to avoid spilling the blood of was caused in part by an intense desire to avoid spilling the blood of his men. Ironically, this led to failing to take the initiative against the his men. Ironically, this led to failing to take the initiative against the enemy and therefore passing up good opportunities for decisive enemy and therefore passing up good opportunities for decisive victories, which could have ended the war early, and thereby could victories, which could have ended the war early, and thereby could have spared thousands of soldiers who died in those subsequent have spared thousands of soldiers who died in those subsequent battles. Generals who proved successful in the war, such as Lee and battles. Generals who proved successful in the war, such as Lee and Grant, tended to be more aggressive and more willing to risk a major Grant, tended to be more aggressive and more willing to risk a major battle even when all preparations were not perfect.battle even when all preparations were not perfect.

George CusterGeorge Custer

George CusterGeorge Custer• Custer has been called a "Custer has been called a "media personality", and he did value ", and he did value

good good public relations in addition to leveraging the  in addition to leveraging the print media of  of his era effectively. He frequently invited his era effectively. He frequently invited correspondents to  to accompany his campaigns (one, accompany his campaigns (one, Associated Press reporter  reporter Mark Kellogg, died at the Little Bighorn), and their favorable , died at the Little Bighorn), and their favorable reporting contributed to his high reputation, which lasted well reporting contributed to his high reputation, which lasted well into the 20th century. He paid attention to his image; after being into the 20th century. He paid attention to his image; after being promoted to brigadier general in the Civil War, Custer sported a promoted to brigadier general in the Civil War, Custer sported a uniform that included shiny cavalry boots, tight olive-colored uniform that included shiny cavalry boots, tight olive-colored corduroy trousers, a wide-brimmed slouch hat, tight corduroy trousers, a wide-brimmed slouch hat, tight hussar jacket of black velveteen with silver piping on the sleeves, a  jacket of black velveteen with silver piping on the sleeves, a sailor shirt with silver stars on his collar, and a red sailor shirt with silver stars on his collar, and a red cravat. He . He wore his hair in long ringlets liberally sprinkled with cinnamon-wore his hair in long ringlets liberally sprinkled with cinnamon-scented hair oil. Later, in his campaigns against the Indians, scented hair oil. Later, in his campaigns against the Indians, Custer wore a Custer wore a buckskins outfit, along with his familiar red tie. outfit, along with his familiar red tie.

George A. CusterGeorge A. CusterWhile camped at Powder River, Custer While camped at Powder River, Custer

refused the support offered by General refused the support offered by General Terry on June 21, of an additional four Terry on June 21, of an additional four companies of the Second Cavalry. companies of the Second Cavalry. Custer stated that he "could whip any Custer stated that he "could whip any Indian village on the Plains" with his Indian village on the Plains" with his own regiment, and that extra troops own regiment, and that extra troops would simply be a burden.would simply be a burden.

George MarshallGeorge Marshall

George MarshallGeorge Marshall

George Catlett Marshall, Jr.George Catlett Marshall, Jr. (December 31, 1880 – October  (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959), was the primer American 16, 1959), was the primer American military leader,  leader, Chief of Staff of the Army, 1, 1stst ,five star, General of the ,five star, General of the Army, Army, Secretary of State, and the third , and the third Secretary of Defense. Once noted as the "organizer of . Once noted as the "organizer of victory" by victory" by Winston Churchill for his leadership of the  for his leadership of the Allied victory in World War II, victory in World War II,[4] Marshall served as the United  Marshall served as the United States Army Chief of Staff during the war and as the chief States Army Chief of Staff during the war and as the chief military adviser to military adviser to President  Franklin D. Roosevelt.  He was .  He was characterized as the organizer of Allied victory by characterized as the organizer of Allied victory by Winston Churchill. As Secretary of State, his name was . As Secretary of State, his name was given to the given to the Marshall Plan, for which he was awarded the , for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953 in 1953

George MarshallGeorge MarshallMarshall's Leadership PrinciplesMarshall's Leadership Principles

These five principles defined George Marshall's leadership qualities:These five principles defined George Marshall's leadership qualities:

Candor  Candor                              Speak honestly and responsiblySpeak honestly and responsibly

CommitmentCommitment            Faithfully adhere to what is rightFaithfully adhere to what is right

CourageCourage                            Be bold in speech and deed Be bold in speech and deed 

IntegrityIntegrity                          Speak and act with honorSpeak and act with honor

SelflessnessSelflessness                Service above self-interestService above self-interest

George MarshallGeorge Marshall"It is comparatively simple to select the generals after "It is comparatively simple to select the generals after

a display of their military qualities on the battlefield.  a display of their military qualities on the battlefield.  The difficulty is when we must choose them prior to The difficulty is when we must choose them prior to employment in active operations. . . . employment in active operations. . . . The most The most important factor of all is character, which important factor of all is character, which involves integrity, unselfish and devoted involves integrity, unselfish and devoted purpose, a sturdiness of bearing when purpose, a sturdiness of bearing when everything goes wrong and all are critical, and everything goes wrong and all are critical, and a willingness to sacrifice self in the interest of a willingness to sacrifice self in the interest of the common good."--the common good."--1944 writing to Miss Craig's 1944 writing to Miss Craig's class in Roanoke, Virginiaclass in Roanoke, Virginia

Characteristics of a Characteristics of a True LeaderTrue Leader

Balanced Decision MakingBalanced Decision Making

Models the Right ThingModels the Right Thing

Empowers SubordinatesEmpowers Subordinates

Results of True Results of True LeadershipLeadership

ConfidenceConfidence

Integrity & HonestyIntegrity & Honesty

Motive and MotivationMotive and Motivation

Fair and Open Fair and Open AccessAccess

GratuitiesGratuitiesInfluenceInfluence

AppearanceAppearance

RisksRisks

Equal Protection – Equal Equal Protection – Equal Justice Justice

Fair and Open AccessFair and Open Access

VII. The Law Enforcement Chaplain shall be aware of VII. The Law Enforcement Chaplain shall be aware of Departmental regulations concerning favors, gifts Departmental regulations concerning favors, gifts and gratuities and follow them rigorously. He or she and gratuities and follow them rigorously. He or she shall not give or receive any favor, gift or gratuity shall not give or receive any favor, gift or gratuity that has, or has the appearance of having, a basis that has, or has the appearance of having, a basis in special consideration. He or she shall always in special consideration. He or she shall always conduct himself or herself in an ethical and conduct himself or herself in an ethical and professional manner. professional manner.

Personal & Cooperative Personal & Cooperative ValuesValues

III. The Law Enforcement Chaplain serves in an III. The Law Enforcement Chaplain serves in an ecumenical capacity. He or she is not to use the ecumenical capacity. He or she is not to use the chaplaincy to proselytize or to preach in order to win chaplaincy to proselytize or to preach in order to win adherents to his or her faith group. It shall be adherents to his or her faith group. It shall be assumed that the Law Enforcement Chaplain shall be assumed that the Law Enforcement Chaplain shall be familiar with the beliefs and practices of the various familiar with the beliefs and practices of the various faith groups represented in his or her Department. It faith groups represented in his or her Department. It shall further be assumed that the Law Enforcement shall further be assumed that the Law Enforcement Chaplain is familiar with the requirements of honesty, Chaplain is familiar with the requirements of honesty, integrity, humility, compassion, decency, brotherhood, integrity, humility, compassion, decency, brotherhood, humanity and love that are overarching concepts humanity and love that are overarching concepts among faith groups. among faith groups.

Personal & Cooperative Personal & Cooperative ValuesValues

IV. The Law Enforcement Chaplain shall not hesitate IV. The Law Enforcement Chaplain shall not hesitate to seek guidance either from Departmental to seek guidance either from Departmental authorities or clergy of other faith groups when authorities or clergy of other faith groups when such guidance becomes necessary to the proper such guidance becomes necessary to the proper discharge of chaplaincy duties. discharge of chaplaincy duties.

Personal & Cooperative Personal & Cooperative ValuesValues

V. The Law Enforcement Chaplain may from time to V. The Law Enforcement Chaplain may from time to time face situations involving members of his or her time face situations involving members of his or her general community. The chaplain is to discharge his general community. The chaplain is to discharge his or her duties in such situations with due regard for or her duties in such situations with due regard for any Departmental policies and procedures that may any Departmental policies and procedures that may obtain in such circumstances. The chaplain is still a obtain in such circumstances. The chaplain is still a member of the clergy and as such may be of member of the clergy and as such may be of service to the entire community as long as he or service to the entire community as long as he or she does not infringe upon the ministry of another she does not infringe upon the ministry of another member of the clergy and does not improperly member of the clergy and does not improperly involve his or her Department by such service.involve his or her Department by such service.

Integrity & Integrity & CharacterCharacter

Development of CharacterDevelopment of Character

Effects of HeredityEffects of Heredity

Effects of EnvironmentEffects of Environment

Instruction, TrainingInstruction, Training

Discipline, Correction, PunishmentDiscipline, Correction, Punishment

Integrity & Integrity & CharacterCharacter

Character is acquired by thought and Character is acquired by thought and process which is affected by example, process which is affected by example,

opportunity and environmentopportunity and environment

Phil. 4:8. Finally brethren, whatever is true, whatever Phil. 4:8. Finally brethren, whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is right, what ever is pure, is honorable, whatever is right, what ever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is of good repute, if whatever is lovely, whatever is of good repute, if there is any excellence and if anything worthy of there is any excellence and if anything worthy of praise, dwell on these things. 9. The things you praise, dwell on these things. 9. The things you have learned and received and heard and seen in have learned and received and heard and seen in me, practice these things, and the God of peace will me, practice these things, and the God of peace will be with you.be with you.

Leadership & Leadership & Character as GoalsCharacter as Goals

Vision, goal orientedVision, goal oriented

DisciplineDiscipline

ExcellenceExcellence

BalanceBalance

Measures of Measures of CharacterCharacter

““The measure of a man's real character The measure of a man's real character is what he would do if he knew he is what he would do if he knew he

would never be found out.”would never be found out.”

  Thomas Babington Macaulay (Thomas Babington Macaulay (English  Historian, , 1800--1859))

““People grow through experience if they People grow through experience if they meet life honestly and courageously. meet life honestly and courageously.

This is how character is built.”This is how character is built.”

Eleanor RooseveltEleanor Roosevelt  (1884 – 1962)(1884 – 1962)

Measures of Measures of CharacterCharacter

““Character is what you are in the dark.”Character is what you are in the dark.”

D. L. MoodyD. L. Moody  (1837-1899)(1837-1899)

““Character cannot be developed in ease Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experience of and quiet. Only through experience of

trial and suffering can the soul be trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, ambition inspired, and strengthened, ambition inspired, and

success achieved.”success achieved.”

Helen Keller (1880–1968)Helen Keller (1880–1968)

Measures of Measures of CharacterCharacter

JESUSJESUSBlessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of

heaven.heaven.

Blessed are those that mourn, for they will be comforted.Blessed are those that mourn, for they will be comforted.

Blessed are the gentile, for they shall inherit the earth.Blessed are the gentile, for they shall inherit the earth.

Blessed are those who hunger and thirst after righteousness, Blessed are those who hunger and thirst after righteousness, for they shall be satisfied.for they shall be satisfied.

Blessed are the merciful, for they shall receive mercy.Blessed are the merciful, for they shall receive mercy.

Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.

Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God.God.

Blessed are those who have been persecuted for the sake of Blessed are those who have been persecuted for the sake of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heavenrighteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven

Matthew 5:3-10Matthew 5:3-10

Expectations of Public Expectations of Public ServantsServants

Serve othersServe others

Be FaithfulBe Faithful

Be honestBe honest

Do your bestDo your best

Chaplain’s Ethics DilemmaChaplain’s Ethics Dilemma

While on a ride-a-long with a deputy late one While on a ride-a-long with a deputy late one evening, you spot a car in a remote area with evening, you spot a car in a remote area with no lights. The deputy decides to check it out.no lights. The deputy decides to check it out.

As you pull up on the car with the spotlight on, As you pull up on the car with the spotlight on, you can clearly see that there are two you can clearly see that there are two occupants, one male and one female. They occupants, one male and one female. They do not appear to be clothed.do not appear to be clothed.

You also unmistakably recognize the car as You also unmistakably recognize the car as being owned by a 21-year-old male in your being owned by a 21-year-old male in your church.church.

Chaplain’s Ethics Chaplain’s Ethics DilemmaDilemma

You and the deputy agree that, because it You and the deputy agree that, because it could be someone from your church, you could be someone from your church, you should remain in the car.should remain in the car.

The deputy IDs both subjects, determines they The deputy IDs both subjects, determines they are both adults and tells them to get a room.are both adults and tells them to get a room.

During the entire time the deputy is dealing During the entire time the deputy is dealing with them, the female keeps trying to peer with them, the female keeps trying to peer through the headlights to see who is in the through the headlights to see who is in the patrol car. You clearly recognize her as a patrol car. You clearly recognize her as a mid-40s married woman from your mid-40s married woman from your congregation.congregation.

Chaplain’s Ethics Chaplain’s Ethics DilemmaDilemma

Everyone in your church knows that you are a Everyone in your church knows that you are a police chaplain. You have a strong suspicion police chaplain. You have a strong suspicion that she knows you were in the patrol car.that she knows you were in the patrol car.

What, if anything, are you going to do?What, if anything, are you going to do?

Since you obtained this information in your Since you obtained this information in your role as a Chaplain, can you disclose that you role as a Chaplain, can you disclose that you know about it to them, or others?know about it to them, or others?