ICP Forests Expert Panel on Crown Condition AssessmentAd hoc Group Biotic Damage

List of symptoms

Orléans 7-9 June 2004

Louis-Michel Nageleisen, Forest Health Department (DSF) France.

Leaves Broadleaf TreesPartly or totally devoured/missing

Geometrid moths on Oak Lymantria dispar on Oak

Operophtera brumata on Beech

Leavesmined skeletonised

Broadleaf Trees

Rhynchaenus fagi on Beech Agelastica alni on Oak

Coleophora laricella on Larch

Missing or incomplete needlesNeedles CONIFERS

Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii on Douglas Fir

Missing needles on Silver Fir

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Yellow discolourationsLeaves Broadleaf Trees

Heat effect on Birch

Magnesium deficiency on Beech

Needles Light green to yellow discolouration CONIFERS

Magnesium deficiency on Silver FirMagnesium deficiency on Spruce

Brown discolouration (necrosis)Leaves Broadleaf Trees

Discula umbrinella on Beech Discula umbrinella on Oak

Heat effect on Oak Frost damage on Beech© S

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-DSF

Reddish to brown discolourationNeedles CONIFERS

Rhizospheara on Silver fir Sphareopsis sapinea on Pine

Heat damage on Douglas Fir Physiologic reddish on Douglas Fir in Winter

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-DSF

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BronzingLeaves Broadleaf Trees

Ozone injury?© Buissotti

Beech Hornbeam

Coverings on leavesLeaves Broadleaf Trees

Microsphaera alphitoides on Oak©

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Small

Leaves/Needles

Premature falling

Small needles Normal needles

Atlas Cedar

Heat effect on Oak in August 2003

Leaves Broadleaf TreesDeformations

curling rolling

GallsHeat effect on Beech in July 2003 Tortrix viridana on Oak

Mikiola fagi on Beech

Deformation of needlesNeedles CONIFERS

Adelges laricis on Larch

Dreyfusia nordmannianae on Silver Fir

Signs of insectsLeaves/needles

Aphids on Sorbus torminalis Pulvinaria on Maple Neodiprion sertifer on Pine

Euproctis chrysorrhoea on Oak

Euproctis chrysorrhoea on Oak

Choristoneura murinana on Silver Fir

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Egg mass

Exuvia and aphids larvaecoccoid shell©

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Leaves/needles Signs of fungi

Melampsora larici populina on Poplar Melampsora caryophyllacearum on Silver Fir

DeformationYoung shoots and buds CONIFERS

Melampsora pinitorqua on PineAdelges laricis on Spruce

Young shoots/Twigs Dieback

Oak decline

Silver Fir decline

© G.Landmann

WiltingYoung shoots/twigs Broadleaf Trees

Ophiostoma novo-ulmi on Elm Verticilium dahliae on Maple

NecrosisYoung shoots Broadleaf Trees

Frost damage on beech

Frost damage on beech

NecrosisYoung shoots and buds CONIFERS

Frost damage on Silver fir

Sphaeropsis sapinea on Pine