Icoe 2012 wave dragon b
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Transcript of Icoe 2012 wave dragon b
Wave Dragon # 1Erik Friis-Madsen
The development of a 1.5 MW Wave Dragon North Sea Demonstrator
Erik Friis-Madsen, H.C.Soerensen and S. ParmeggianiWave Dragon ApS * Aalborg University
Denmark
Wave Dragon # 2Erik Friis-Madsen
Total global coal production increased by 6.6% in 2011 – the twelfth
consecutive year of growth – according to the International Energy
Agency. Global energy demand increased by over 3%.
If the energy demand continue to grow at this rate, it will be
necessary to exploit many different kinds of renewable technologies
also several ocean energy technology types to keep the long-term
increase of global temperature below 2° Celsius.
At a meeting 13 August 2012 the IEA Executive Director Ms. van
der Hoeven stressed that energy prices need to reflect the true cost
of energy. “That means pricing carbon and abolishing fossil fuel
subsidies – subsidies which in 2011 were almost seven times
higher than support for renewables,” she said.
Too much support for renewable energy?
Wave Dragon # 3Erik Friis-Madsen
Technical Potential of Renewable Energy (ExaJoules)
Bio-
mass
Hydro Solar Wind Geo-
thermal
Ocean Total
World 283 50 1,570 580 1,401 730 4,614
Current use 50 10 0.2 0.2 2 0 62.4
Total primary energy
supply420
Source: Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development and Ministry for the
Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety: Conference Issue Paper, Renewables 2004 –
International Conference for Renewables Energies, Bonn 2004, p.27.
Wave Dragon # 4Erik Friis-Madsen
Power from wind, waves and tidal stream
Wave Dragon # 5Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 6Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Energy Devices: four families
Heaving Devices:OPT, Aquabuoy
Pitching Devices:Pelamis, Salter’s Duck
Oscillating Water Column: Pico, Limpet
Overtopping Devices:
Wave Dragon
Wave Dragon # 7Erik Friis-Madsen
• Wave energy focusing
• OvertoppingAbsorption
• Above sea level reservoir Storage
• Low-head variable speed propeller
turbines
• PM generators & frequency
inverters
Power-take-off
The Wave Dragon Technology
Wave Dragon # 8Erik Friis-Madsen
ReflectorRamp
Reservoir Turbines
Floating Barge + River Hydro Power Station = Wave Dragon
The Wave Dragon Technology
Wave Dragon # 9Erik Friis-Madsen
ReservoirWaves overtopping the
doubly curved ramp
Wave Dragon principle
Climate Power - Production__
12 kW/m 1½ MW 4 GWh/y/unit
24 kW/m 4 MW 12 GWh/y/unit
36 kW/m 7 MW 20 GWh/y/unit
48 kW/m 12 MW 35 GWh/y/unit
Turbine outlet
Wave reflector
Wave Dragon # 10Erik Friis-Madsen
57 m wide 200 tonnes
Wave Dragon prototype
with 7 turbines deployed
and connected to the grid
in 2003 as worlds first
floating WEC
Full scale Wave Dragon
device sizes
Wave Dragon # 11Erik Friis-Madsen
Remote control
Wave Dragon # 12Erik Friis-Madsen
Turbine operation and power production
Example:
• Four power producing turbines in continous
operation
• Three dummy turbines handles overtopping
variation
Wave Dragon # 13Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 14Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon prototype experience
☺ It works! Power delivered to the grid
☺ 20,000 hours operational track record
☺ Wave energy absorption performance verified
☺ Offshore wave energy is a reality
Wave Dragon # 15Erik Friis-Madsen
Ice and WEC’s is a bad combination!The prototype was designed for a 3 year life time, but was not scrapped
until 2011 after more than 8 years of operations.
Wave Dragon # 16Erik Friis-Madsen
Old model in AAU’s
deep water basin
Numerical model
Wave Dragon # 17Erik Friis-Madsen
Suggested revised layout of the
main structural members of the
platform
Wave Dragon # 18Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 19Erik Friis-Madsen
1:50 Model test 100 year wave
Wave Dragon # 20Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 21Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 22Erik Friis-Madsen
Cylinder gate turbines running
Wave Dragon # 23Erik Friis-Madsen
Back up
slides
Wave Dragon # 24Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon Advantages
• Offshore
Low environmental impact. No visual impact, fewer international
designations.
High wave energy resources. Seabed friction causes great loss of
energy in depths below 30 m.
Plenty of suitable sites.
• Overtopping
Non-resonating structure. Lower risk of damage in largest sea
states as structure does not move, largest waves pass over
device.
Scaleable. Size can be increased to give performance
improvements.
Large-sized. Ease of access for maintenance, can host wind turbine.
Passive survival mode. Long life and low O&M costs
Wave Dragon # 25Erik Friis-Madsen
Animation: LOKE film
Wave Dragon # 26Erik Friis-Madsen
Fixed wave energy devices
Wave Dragon # 27Erik Friis-Madsen
Floating wave energy devices
Wave Dragon # 28Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 29Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 30Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 31Erik Friis-Madsen
Power plant size
Wave Dragon
Wave Dragon # 32Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 33Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon objectivesTo develop Wave Dragon to a power plant unit of 4 to 11 MW with
a production price of 0.04 €/kWh
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
19851987
19891991
19931995
19971999
20012003
2005
€/kWh Wind
Wave
Source:
EU Wave Net 2002 and Risø
Target year 2016
Wave Dragon # 34Erik Friis-Madsen
ConstructionThe Wave Dragon unit will be constructed at a port, close to the deployment site. The manufacturing of the reinforced concrete structure is straight forward using standard methods from the civil engineering field.
Distance between tips of arms 300m
Arm length 145m
Length (tip of arm to rear of central
housing)
170m
Maximum height above sea level 6-3m
Draught 11-14m
Wave Dragon # 35Erik Friis-Madsen
Operational Experience
Turbine Design
Wave Dragon # 36Erik Friis-Madsen
MooringA catenary mooring solution is considered a feasible option because of its ability to absorb large peak loads. Design and construction of large offshore foundations, sub sea installations and handling of heavy components and equipment is a well established discipline within the offshore wind, oil and gas industries.
Wave Dragon # 37Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon – published data
Wave Dragon unit power production
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
kW/m
GW
h/y
Wave Dragon Scalability
4 MW &
260 m wide
7 MW &
300 m wide
11 MW &
390 m wide
15 MW &
390 m wide
Wave climate First device After deployment of 100’s
24 kW/m 0.11 €/kWh 0.054 €/kWh
36 kW/m 0.083 €/kWh 0.040 €/kWh
48 kW/m 0.061 €/kWh 0.030 €/kWh
Table 8.2: Wave Dragon expected cost in €/ kWh.
Wave climate First device After deployment of 100’s
24 kW/m 4,000 €/kW 2,300 €/kW
36 kW/m 3,200 €/kW 1,875 €/kW
48 kW/m 2,700 €/kW 1,575 €/kW
Table 8.1: Wave Dragon expected capital cost in €/ kW price.
Wave Dragon # 38Erik Friis-Madsen
7
5,5
4
2,5
15 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Power
Waveheight, significant,
meters
Wave peak period in seconds
Wave Dragon power curves
7 MW site Wales 2011
Grid connection
Ship traffic
Wave climate
Wave Dragon # 39Erik Friis-Madsen
www.wavedragon.co.uk
Wave Dragon Wales Ltd
www.wavedragon.net
Wave Dragon # 40Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon – the team
PMMS, Consent and CDM (UK)
(CMACS, Osiris, Wessex, Anatec, Enviros)
University Wales Swansea, environment,
PTO (UK)
Warsaw University IEEE, Inverter PTO (PL)
Dr. Techn. Olav Olsen, Concept design (N)
NIRAS AS, Consulting Engineer,
Wave models (DK)
ESBI Engineering Ltd., Grid issues, PTO (IE/UK)
Aalborg University – Hydraulics & Coastal
Engineering Laboratory (DK)
Technical University Munich,
Hydro turbine design (D)
Kössler Ges.m.b.H., Manufacturer of
hydro turbines (A)
Balslev A/S, Consulting Engineers - electrical
and automation systems (DK)
Wave Energy Centre, Wavetrain (PT)
Wave Dragon ApS/Ltd, Coordination,
technology (DK/UK)
(SPOK ApS, Löwenmark FRI, Nöhrlind Ltd)
TecDragon SA, Development Portugal (PT)
Wave Dragon # 41Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 42Erik Friis-Madsen
How visible is a WD power plant?
Seen from 100 feet above sea level and at a distance of 5km
Under the horizon at a distance of 10km
Wave Dragon # 43Erik Friis-Madsen
www.wavedragon.net
Wales project:
www.wavedragon.co.uk
Wave Dragon # 44Erik Friis-Madsen
Wave Dragon # 45Erik Friis-Madsen
First offshore wave energy converter
producing power to the grid, May ’03