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 OT

1. Radical Periodicals in America,

1890-1950  published by Yale University

Library, 1964, states erroneously that council Communists never affiliatedwith

any major party, and tha t the  great majority of its members were former

members of the

German Sozialistische Arbeiter-Partei,

However, council

communism was the program of the first west-European Communist parties

before they were changed into parties of the Leninist type to f it them into the

Third International. As regards the American group, none of its members

had belonged to the

Sozialistische Arbeiter-Partei,

which held a position mid-

way between social democracy and Bolshevism. The few Germans in the

American group came from the German council movement. The large major-

i ty were native workers , and those with a political background came either

from the lndus tr ial Workers of the World or from the lef t wing of the Prole-

tarian party-the most American'' of the three Socialist groups that had

vied for Russian acceptance as the official  Communist party.

COUNCIL

CORRESPONDENCE

ENGLISH EDITION

For Theory and Discussion

CONTENTS

What is Communism?

Future of the German Labor movement.

Unity of the American Workers Party and

the Communist League?

The Strike Wave.

Reports and announcements,

OCTOBER, '914 - No.

1

I

UNITED WORKER S PARTY

L

,

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a.otu&l.lygrowing poorer at the same rate as oap Ital acoumulates.

The prodnctivity cf the Ruasian workers increases faster than

the1r W e,  e9 ; of tl'>emo reae tng sociaJ. product they reoeive a

relativeïy ever sI:':alle:' eh'1.:;:-e.To Marx this relative au eriza

llQ 

of the wo rk n.g pG;;..ulatJ.ClT n

t

he course of accumulation is

only a .P.h~.....2.LtLe,2.?§i:'l.u+;sJ1 :l: P.erz~t ion; it is only another

expression for the increaaing exploitation of the workers, and

to denominate this as the growth of sooialism is af ter all

hardly possibls.

The gist of the Bolshevist thsory of socialization maybe

sketched. as follows: With the revolutionary overthrow, i.e. ths

expropriation of capital, the power over the means of product ion

and hencs th. control over product ion and the distribution of the

products passes into the hands of the state apparatus. This

latter then organizes the various branches of product ion in ac-

o ordanoa with a plan and puts them, as a state monopoly, at the

servioe of sooiety. With the aid of statistics, the oentral

autho~ity computes and determines the magnitude and kind of pro-

duotLon, as also the apportionment of the produots and producers.

Tob'e sure the mea.neof product ion have here pasaed from the

han~ of ths private entrepreneurs into those of the State; as

reg'arde the producers, however, IlOh ing

nas o

hanged. Nomore

thr~n under oapitalism do they themselves exeroise

t

he oommand

ov-e r the products of their labor, for they still laak the control

o~er the means of production. Just as before, their only mea.ne

Qf livelihood is the sale of their labor power. The only differ-

ence is that they are no longer required to deal with the individ-

ual capitalist, but with the totál capitalist, ths State, as the

purchaser Of labor power. In the mind of the Bolshevist theoret-

ician, as in that of the Sooia Democrat, monopoly capitalism has

alrendy madeproduction ripe for sooializing ; the only thing

left to do is to give a sooi~listic form to distribution. The

deoisive aspect of the matter hsrs is ths organizational-techni~

c~l side of the production prooess; the side developed by monop-

oly capitalism or to be oopied from it, instekd of the tr~y

b~sic faotor of oommunist eoonomy:the eoonomic rel~tion between

produ ct and producer.

The concept ion that the mere oentralization of the meé~ of pro-

duction in the hande of the State is to be regarded as sociali-

zat ion precluded the praotica  employment of an aooounting unit

in keeping with a oommunist modeof economy. Centralized power

ovsr sooIaä production and dlstribution 1~dmittedof no form of

aocounting by which an uninterrupted economioprocess waspos-

sible as a eubstitute for moneyeconomy, The Russian attempts at

a natural economyduring the period of war coemunrsm completelym1scarried. Moneyaccounting had to be re-established.

Under capitalism, the means of product ion (mp) and labor (1) ,a

p

-

pear as constant (o ) and variable (v ) capital. The vaä.uea c.,..v

can be applied capital1stical1y on1y ao long as they produce ~ur··

plus value (s). The oapital1stio formula of production ls c~v.,..s.

It is only because mp~l appear as c~v, that it is possible to at-

tain s. If c/-v drops out, so also doea s, and vice versa. What

remains is the concrete, material form of c/-v, that is mp/-l, the

means of product ion and labor. The communist formula .or p I oduo-

tion ia - mp~l.

of m and 1 proceede in a:nysociety; it is nothing

1 38 develop~~t mate~ial interaction between manand natw:e . ·The

otber t~ ~ however, is historically bound up with capltal~st

formula c

t

V

a, der oapital ism it was.only the intereat in a whl.ch

sooiety. ~ft: development of ol-v. smoez-here the nead for tbe ex-

dBterm1n6 tal prevails over the sooia.l needs, under commun18m

pallSion of caha:nd it is only the s oclaJ. needlilwhich determ1ne the

on the ot~r of D}pfl. The for:m.1lac;'v/-s IlreslfPposes

e

xchange between

dBvelOpmen.of ('.f-vand the owners of 1 Of of-V18 1acku16. so aJ.so

thB owner

s

. It iB not until mphas oe aaed to confront the wor-

ie thiB exehfo~:· of oapital when it remains merely as the tool of

kers in t~ is Jo nothing el se : that it is posslble to speak of a com-

society an

0

y Labor time as the unit of reckoning

woul

d play aunist

e

oon m •

m ole in t he communst economy: .

doub1e ~tB apportionment in acoordance wlth a definite

e

ocral,

plaJl ma.~.ntainsthe proper proport ion bet~en the dift;er-

ent kinds of work to be dorte and the var

i

ous wants of

thE>comlllunity. On the ~thet hand, it also serves as a

measure of the portlon of the o oramonLabor borne byeach

ir.dividuaJ., and of his share in the part of the tota~

product destined for lndividual oonsumption. The soclal

relations of the indlvidual produc U'S, with regard both

to their labour and to its producta.are in thw oase per-

fectly simp1e and intelligible. and that Wi;h regar~ not

Only to Ilroduction but also to disUibution. (CapJ.tal,-

Vol . I-Page 90 - 9 I

Taking the social average working hour as the oomputing uni~ of oom-

munist society, it must be capable of embracing aJ.l oategor tes =

product ion and distribution. The working hour unit must be .appll.c-

 ble, that äs, to the quantitative consuapt Lon, the quant~tative

reproduction and the quant itat ive expanaion of the produot ave

r

oroes ,

Ra.ch·enterprise must determine the number of working houra it oon-

sumes, so that they can be replaced in the same magnitude. Co~puta-

tion by working hours is not difficult, as aJ.l the presuP~osl.tiOns

for it have already been formed by oapitaJ.lat coat accountmg. In

particular, the oapitalist prooess of rationaJ.isztion has devel-

oped computing methode which are oapable of getting at the coat

price botn as a whole and ai.e,c downinto tbe last detail. Andwhile

these cO lputng nathods are today related to the coaaon denominator

of money, their ccnvers Lon into the working hour la attended by no

difficulties.

Tha product ion formula of any enterprise, as aJ.ao that of society as

a.whole, is very Simple. Wehave already stated it as follows: mp/-1:

prOduct. With the aLdof the neans of prOduotion, humanLabor pro-

:uces a quantity of gOOde. Wedistinguish between two different

oinde of means of produotlon: fixed and oirculating. So we br oadenur formula in aocordanoe with thiB distinotlon.

  lp -,. r

+

1

IO 0 ma.chin~s.etè. raw material,etc. labor power

, 00 worklng hours 7°, 000 working hours 7°,000 working hours

 St~ing that these f igures are appl ioable to a ahoe faatory:

I~O O~Oprod';lct --

IO,oo o+ 7

0,oo00f70,oOO: 5°,000 pairs of ahoes in

BurOOd WOrklngaours , or an average of three working houre is con-

tll 1e t

III

eaah pair. In this pr-oduct,on formula we have at the same

bil

reproduction formUla for simple repr oduc

t

ion, Weknowhow

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many l f l . borhour s l l er e wi t hdr a wn t r o m t hi s f a ot or y tor t he pr o duo t i o n

of 50 000 pa i r s of s hoes . Tne s ame n~ber of l a bor hour s mus t a o-

o o r di ~gl y be r es t or ed t o i t . And what hol de f or t he s i ngl e ent er -

p r i s o Lo l ds a . l eo f o r t he who l e of soc f . ey , I ' I h i c hof oour s e i s onl y

t he eum t ot a . l o f a . l l ent . e pz La ea , Th e t o t al s o o i a l pr odmt l s t he

pr Oduc t o f mpf . r f . l of a . l l en t e rp r i s es . To di s t i ~ui s h t hs pr oduc t i OI ,

f or mul a o f t he s i ngl e ent er pr i s es f r om t ha t of s oc i et y as a whol e .

we s el ec~ cap i t a l l et t er s f o r t he l a t t er . The f o r mul a tor t he s oc l 8. _

pr Oduc t ( SP) t t , e n r e a d l 3 : i l l Pt Rt L : SP. Aas um n g MP ( t he s um of a11 t he

f i xed means of pr oduc t i on) 0 amount t o I OO m l l i o n l a ber hour s . t he

cor r es pondi n g eum R t o amount t o

600

m l l l o n. and t he l a bor t i me

o ons umed t o be equ aJ . t o 600 mUl l o n we have t he f 0110wi ng f or t he

t o t a l pr oduc t : MPf . Rf · L :P -

IooI-6001-~00:

I

300.

Ot

t he t ot a J . p roduct l Ol ,of I300 mUl l o n l a bor hour s. i n oondl t i o ns of s i mpl e r epr oduot i on ,

( i . e . - when no 6x pa ns i on o f pr odu c t i on ooour s) , we a s eume t ha t

600

m l l l o n l a bor QOur s a r e t ur ned over t o t he ooneumer s i n t he f or m of

mea ns of c ona uept t o n,

The appl i oa t l Qn of t he s oo i a J . aver age l a bor hour a s t he oomput i ng

uni t pr es uppooes t he exi s t énoe of wor ker s ' oounoi l s ( s o vl e t s ) . E aoh

ent er pr i s e o omes f o rwa r d as an i ndepends nt uni t and i s a t t he s ame

t i me, as we aha l l s how l a t er . oonneot ed wi t h a l l t hs ot her ent ar -

pr i ses . Aa a r es ul t of t he di v i s i on of l abor , ea oh f ao t or y has oa . r - -

t ai n end pr Qduc t s . W t h t hs a i d o f t hd pr oduc t i o n f or mul a mpl - r l - l

ea oh ent er pr i s e oan oomput s t hs l a bor t i me oont ai n ed i n i t s end

pr oduc~à. I n t he s hos f ao t or y t aken as an exampl e , t hs end pr oduot -

( one pa~ Qf s hoee) - oont a, i ns an avs r ags of t hr se wor ki ng hou r s . Thi s

aver age e~ t e t ound f or e~h pr oduot i n eaoh ent er pr i s e. The end

pr oduc t ot an ent er pr i se, i neof a r as i t i s no t des t i ned f or i ndi v i u -

ua l oons UJ l l p t i on. g oes t o anot h er ent e r pr i Be ei t her i n t he f or m of

~ or

1 :.

and t hi s ' ene i n t ur n oomput es i t s end pr oduot s i n l a bor

hour s . Tne' s ame t hi ng ho l d s f o r &11 pl a oes o f pr Oduc t i o n, wi t hout .

r ega r d l o t he magni t ude or k i nd of t hs i r pr oduc t s .

When t l l e' i n di v i d ua J . s nt er pr i s es havs det er m n ed t he ave r age l a bor

t i me o~nt a , i n ed i n t hs i r pr oduot s . i t s t i l l r ema i ns t o f i nd t he s o-

o i &1 a~er age. Al l ent er pr i s es o f t he s ame na t ur e, i . B . - t ur ni ng ou t

t he s ame ki nd of pr oduot s, mus t get i n t ouoh wi t h s aoh ot her . F r om

t he i n di v i d ua J . ent er pr i s es o f a det er m na t e i ndus t r y , i n a gi v en

' t er ri t or y wUl t e der i ved t he t ot &1 aver age of &11 t he gi ven

&ver agee ( aver age of aver ~es ) f o r t hes e ent er pr i s es . To t ake a

r O~~h exa mpl e: i f

100

s hoe f ao t or i es s t r i ke an aver age of t hr ee

ho~s, 100 ot her s an aver a~ of t wo, t hen t he gener al aver age f o r

a ~a i r of s hoes i s

2 - I / 2

hour s . The var yi ng aver ag es r es ul t f r om t h?

var yi ng pr oduot i v i t y of t he i ndi v i dua l ent er p r i eee . hough t hi s i A '

~ondi t i on i mer 1t ed f r om capi t al i s m and t he di f f e r enc es i n pr - odu o-

t i v1t y w11l s l owl y d1s appear . t he def i c i t of one ent er pr i s e mus t i

t he meanwhi l e be made up t hr ough t he s ur pl u s of t he ot her . F r om t hls t andp01nt of s oc 1et y, however , t her e i s onl y t he s o ci a l av e r age

pr o duot t v 1t y • T he det er m na t i o n o f t he s oc i a l l abor t L~s oa l l s f or

t he oar el l i sa t i on of t he i n di v i d ua J . e n t e rp r i s es . The oppo s i t i on bl o,

t ween t he f a ot - o r y- a ver a ge a nd t h e Soc i a l ' - a v e r a ge l a bor t i me OO/ l l 3 S

t o an end i n t he pr oduot i on c ar t el .

T, p. e oc i &1 a ver a ge L abo . r t i me deor eas es wi t h t he devs l o pment of t r

pr oduot i v i t y of l a bor . I f t he pr oduc t t hus cheape ned i S one f or

i ndi v i d ua l c ons ump t 10n, i t goes l nt o o oneumpt i on wi t h t hi s r eduoed

aver age. I f i t i s a n end pr Oduc t us ed by ot her ent er pr i ees as mea nF

  pr o duc t i o n, t h en t he c onsumpt i on of mp/ r f or t hes e ent e rp r l ee s

' o n c o s t s d dc l i ne and henee t he av~. r ~e l abor t i m

t hs pr oduc t l t h es e ent e r pr i eea i s r edu ced. The ma t t er o f COm

  al l ~he pr oduC~~ o ar i a t i ons caus ed i n t hi s way i s a pur el y t ec h ni -

P

f ~; e a. t i n g or h' C~ pr e se n t s no s pe c i a l di f f i c ul t i e

s

•

rob1em W 1  

cal P ' _ s ef v6S as a l t ea s ur e o f pr oduc t i o n , i t mus t 17

ke

· -

I f t he ~or k l ~~ ~r ~t Q di s t r i but i o n. A ver y c l ea r s t a t ement of t h l S

. 1 8e ~e appl ~C; y Mar x : ( Cr i t i que o f t he Got ha Pr og ~~e, , p~e 29) -

uni t I S gl Ve h i ven t o s oc i et y i s h Ls Lnd ávL dua ä

  Wha t t he f P i ~%~~er FO~se~amPl e: t he s oc i a l wor k i ng- da y con-

amount 0 s~ of t he i ndi v i dua l s ' hour s o f wor k. The

~i ~t s , ~f a{h: o r ~i n g_ t i me o f t he i ndi v i d u al pr odu~er i s t ha t

m l VI U

t h

eoo i a 1 wor k i n g- da y c ont r i but ed by h i r n, hi s

p a r i ~t er e~f He r ec ei ves f r om s oc i e t y a vouche r (   ha t he

g~~

c o n t r i b ut e d s uch and s uch quant i t y of wor k a f t e r de-

du c t i ons f r om hi s wor k f o r t he c ommon f un d) and dr aws

t hr ough t hi s voucher on t he s oc i a l s t o r eho ~e as much o f

t he mean s of c ops umpt i on as t he s ame qua nt l t y of wor k cos~à.

The s ame amount o f wor k wh i ch he has I pv en t o s oc i et y i n

one f or m he r e~ei ves back i n anot her •

T he s pec i a 1 i z a t i on o f l abor makes nec es sar y t ~e us e o f s ome s or t of

cer t i f i c at es f or dr awi ng f r om t he f und o f s oc l a l a r t l c l ~s , o f c on-

s ump t i o n. Ea ch pr oduc er r ecei ves a number o f t hes e cer t l f l ca t es c or -

r e spo ndi ng t o t he L umber of hour a o f l abor he has per f o r med. These,

c er t i f i c a t es r r aybe ca l l ed l abor mon ey , t ho ugh t hey ar e not money a ,

a l l i n t he c ap i t al i s t i c s ens e .   Tb e pr oduce r s   , , wr i t es . Mar x, may

event ua l l y r ecei ve pa pe r c hec ks , hy means o~ Whl Ch t hey wl t hdr aw , ,

f r om t he s oc i a l a up pl . y o f r ueans o f o on eumpt r on a s ha r e oo r . res pond L c;

t o t hei r l a bor - t i me. T he s e c he ck s t l - r eno t money , They do not c L r c ul . «

a . t e , t Ca pi t a l , Vo l . 2 ~ page 4I 2) .

The wor ker s c annot however r ec ei ve t he f ul l out put o f t hei r l abor .

The l abor t i me i s ~ot t he di r ec t me~sur e f o r t he p~r t of t hs s oc i a l

pr oduc t des t i ned for i n di v i d ua ] , o ons u. nptL on , As Mar x goes en t o ex-

pl a i n :

  L et us t ake t l 1ewo r d s   pr oceed s of l abour   i n t he s ens e o f

t he pr oduc t o f ~abour , t hus t oe co - oper a t i ve pr oc eedB c f

l a bo ur i s t he t pt a l s oc i a l pr od uc t .

But f r om t hi s mUs t be deduc t ed: f i r s t l y , Re i mb ur s e me nt f o r

t he r epl ac e rnent of t he means o Î p r o du cti on us ed up ; ~ec ond-

l y , an addi t i on por t i o n f or t he ext ens i on of pr odu c t I on;

t hi r dl y , r es er ve or i ns ur ance f dndB t o pr o v i d e ~g a l n s t m s -

adventur es , di B t ur banc es thr ough nat ur a l event s , a nd s o on.

~her e i s 1ef t t he ot her por t i on o f t he t o~a l pr oduc t whi c h i s meant

f O s er ve d e f i ni t e 1y as means of c ons umpt i o n. But bef o r e t hi s c an go

l o r i ndl V l dual c on s umpt i on t her e has t o be t aken fr om i t yet : f i r s t -

t l o ~he gener a l c os t s, Of adm n i s t r a t i on not apper t a i nl ng t o pr cduc -

neeas s ec ondl y , what

I S

de s t i ne d f or t he s a t ~s f a c t i on o f c o~n un al

t hose ' ~u~~ as s chool s , hea l t h, s er v i c es , et c . ; t hi r d1y , f unds f c r

Of

9

a e t o ~or k , et c . , i n s ho r t , what co~es under t he headi n g

g r a mm Ca l l ed Of f I CI a l poor r el i ef t o dav ( C r i t i ~ue of t he Got ha Pr o-

e - page

27.) J •

T hos e L nst]t t '

sOe l a l e

1

U, l ons whi c ~ pr oduc e no t angi bl e gOOl i E ( cul t ur a l and

ma y be r : ~~bl l s hment s ) and yet par t i c i pa t e i n t he s oe i a l c ons umpt i en

W t hout d on: d as ent ~r p r i s es . Th ei r s er vi c es go ove r i nt o s oc i e t y

Of t hes e el ~y, P~OdUCt l OJ 1 and di s t r i but i on her e 1. r e l ne. Ln t he oas e

eOr d i ng t e n er p r l s es , the f i na l goa l o f c onmun I sm •• . •e   t a k i ng él , C-

gove rned o need  , i s a l r eady a. c t u a . l i z ed; t h ei r di ~t r , i but i on i s

o r ent er by: no e conomac l l I e a su re. We c a l l t hes e pub l ' i c ent er p r l s es ,

i s c omP l P r l s es f o r gener a . l s oc i a l l abor ( GSL) . Co mmuni s t ac c ount i ng

l c at ed b, Y t he exi s t ence of t hes e ~ en t . e pr

äs

es j us t a s i t

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was by the varying productivity of the single enterprises. Everythinl

Which the publ ic e::l oE'r~7.ieE'8consume must De drawn from the stores

of the p.ro duotäve er.t~,:'''I);-jB(3S 

Going back to our pr ccuct ion formula: fcr scciety as a whoï.e :

(MP.f.R),LL maas of prodacc a , er (IOQfGOi l,t.GE.l')~ill ion workarig hours.

Mp amElR have t

0

te r ep r oduoe d ; there remain of the total mass of

products 600

m

i.Lû

i

on

wo.rk

i.nz houra. The GSL enterprises take from

these 60b millien the ï.r mE'él.n~of

nr

oduotLon and ravi

ma

te r

taj.s ,

It is

accordingly nece saar y to J.::ncwthe- total consumpticn of thes ' public

enterprises. If we designate the

moans

of production for the public

enterprises as MPs; the raw materials as Rs and t~ labor poweras

Ls, we get the following tatal budget for

G~

(MPs.f.Rs),LLs:servlces

')f the GSL, or (f or examp.l.e - g million I 5:'> million: I.g million

labor hours.) From the 600 million laber hours to be consumed, 5g

million must be deduoted for MPs and Rs of thp. GSL enterprises.

There re.na In 542 million labor hour s for the individual consumption

of all workers. In the productive enterprises the workers were em-

ployed 600 million hours, and in the GSL enterprises 50 million.Of

the total output of labor power there is available for individual

consumptinn, aocordingly, only 542/650 or B 3

WP  

call this propor-

tion

t

he  f'aotoz of individual consumption  (FIO).The formula for

FIG is: L-(MPs/Rs) over L ~ Ls. Or employihg the figures assumed

in our example: 600 mjJ.l..ion - 3..g mil:po  :542 million O.B3

6'JÜniillion7 5') million~b50 million

If a worker has worked 40 hours, he receives a later-money certifi-

c

a

te

in the

amo

unt of CI.g) x 40: 33.2 which he

e

xohang ea fcr

s

uoh

artlcles as he plcases. Tn1s conputation is pessible because all en-

terprlses keep an accouüt of their consumption in mp, r and 1 The

general social b00kkeeping, which records all rroducts, has at its

disposal all data necessary

r

or determining the payment factor,

namelYL L,MPs,Rs and

Ls ,

which

r

es ul

t

from

s

Imp.le

a

umnat

i

on in the

c

ur r errt account.

In the GSL enterprises ~ tue taking acc ord rng to nee ds   was , as we

have seen, already re ar ized. With the growth of cemmunism, this

type of enterprise r ece ives an ever äne reas ing e xtens ion means cf

cnbsum~tlon, awelling, passenger transport, eto. The mcrê society

gr0ws ln this direct ion and the more enterprises are transf~rmed in-

~0 the GS~ type, th~ les.§ will indiv idual Labc-r be tr;e measure for

Lndividua'L 00d:iump~1(m. 'l;his tendenoy Serves to illustrate the gen-

eral development of communist society.

With the developm~nt of communism the accounting for FIC changes.

Various enterprises, such as an eiectric plant work in part for

individual consumption and in part for purely prcductive purposes.

To r ef'e r .to our e

xampj

e : if

t

he consumers are now supplied with

electrlclty, free of charge, the electric plant ce l ongs to a new

type of errte r pr

ä ae ,

For accounting purposes, these m

i

xe d enter-

p.r

iae

s must be included e Lthe r under those of

t

he productive or of

the GSL type. 'l'hrs eLec

t

r Ic plant must receive back

f

r om the FIG

the ~el~veries 0f current, Axpressed in workin~ hours, going into

the lndlvldual consumpti0n. The addition of th~se parts cf all

mixed enterprises gives the deficit to be made up by

t

hs FIG. If

we.Call this part the gAne·ral deficit (D), we have a new distrib-

utlon formula: FIC =L-(MPs,LRs)-D over L/Ls.

A number of variations are possible here, dE'pending on whether we

assign the mixed enterprises to the publio or to the pr '3'~er,

l.t

_5 z:~~~s~ 9 . :r : y

Tbe formu.la for

s

imple reproáuct ion

quired for a impl e reproa.ll~ 1 n~'T . 'of roduction iS to be expanded

is: MFfRI-L.I{)

t

he ll .at~ri l...

appar

at ua ,P t b withdrawn from in-

lar.

a

maas of

prvc..ucts of hlS

a

nount mus

e .

by / , _ t' Who th's a~cumulationn has been aocompûaahed,

dividual ccns ump ron, en •

v

(MPfR)I-L We have

roduction pr oce eös ecc ord mg to the formul.a: 1.1 .

tre&dY

shown

that

i,he a

ooLe.L product is eompletely ~~kent~Pt~~ so-

ciety when the individual oonaumpt äcn prooeed.s ace er ang

formula FIC :. L- (M~Q.fF~~).

LLS d 'hedbyOI

Th1s individual comsumption must now be further lmlnlS •

(14P,LR). In the case of a IC%.expans ion of product ion, we the n get

the formula: FIC~L-O.l (MPfR)-(MPstRs).ThiS general formula

doea

L7LS .

not take the place of the concrete solution of the pr-ob'Lem m actual

raality, but within the scope of this work we must be content ~ith

it and merely refer further to Marx: If we 8.BBumedthat s~le y

were not capitalistio but communs

t

Ic , then the mo~ey-~apltal.wo~d

be entirely elir.linated and with it

t

he disguise WblCh lt c ar r aea an-

to the t:.:ansactiona. The question is then simply reduoedto the pr ob-

lem that BOCety must calculate beforehand how muoh l~bor, m~~s of

productionp and means of sllbi3istence it can utilize ,wl~hout mJ':lry

tor

sueh lindB of activity as, for ins t anc

IJ ,

the bulldlng o~ rail-

roads, which do not furnish any means of production or S':lbslBtence,

or. any useful thing, for a long time, a. year ~r more, while they re-

qUlre labor, and means of production and subs ä a

t

ence out of the a,n-

nuaJ. BOCal production.

ft

(Capitol, Vol.2 - Page 36I).

Let us consider this example. If the construction of a railway proveB

necessa.r:y, the work mv

oï.ve

d ve Longs to the GSL part of the SO~ial

produ~tlon. If it oons umes , for exampl.e , three years of labor m a

certaln number of workinry hours this sum is deducted yearly by

Charging it to the GSL aëcount 'from the factor of individual con-

Bumption (FIC). '

In the relations between the indiv1dual enterprises, labor~time

~omy is Supe:r:fluous. When an enterprise delivers its end product8.

B~ ~aa linked mp/r/l working hours to the great ohain of partial

th

C1al

labors. Th ::8e must be restored to the various enterprlses in

e same magnitude in the form of other end produets. The labor

mOney is va.lid only for 1ndividual consumption. As more and mOre en-

8/18/2019 ICC Vol 1 No 1

6/10

terpriaea are brought into GSLproduction, distribution by meana of

labor money grows le.ss and leas, and rushes

on

to its awn a.bal~tia t..

Fixing ths :(aotor of änd.iv Lduaä eonsumption is the taak of s ooiaä-,

bookke.eping. On the oredit side of the social bookke epmg stands Lj

en the debit sidè MPil, Ra, and Ls , Bookkee ptng as a control and ab-

stract summary of ths economie proeess It says Marx, beoomes the

more necessary to the extent that the prooess functions on a SOOi&l

soa.le

and

loses its purel.y individual oharacter. If is, theref~re,

mo re necessary in capitalist production than in scattered hand~craft

and agricUltural production

and

still more necessary in co-operativt:

than in capital ist produotlon. This bcokke epmg under communisll

is merely bookkeep äng and no

t

h ing eLs e, It is the central point of

the economie pr oce ss but has no oower over the pr odu o era or the in-

dividual. enterprises: The social bookke'eping is itself onl

y

a.n en-

terprise of the GSL type. '~s funotions are: the registration of the

stream of products, ths fixing

0 =

the FIG, the outlay of labor-time

money, the control over pr~duction and distribution. Ths control Of

the Lab or pr oceea is a purely technical one which is handled by

each enterpriae

f'or

itself. The control e:r.:e~oised by ths social

bO~kkeeping extends only to aocounting for all receipts and deliv-

e

r ze s of the individual enterprises and watching over their pro-

duct iv ity.

The control of product ion in the society of free and equal. produce rs

does not cOme about through persons and authorities, but is con-

duoted thro~gh the publio reglstration of ths objectiV'e course of

the product ~ve

pr

oeesa : that is

pr

odu ot ion is

cont

r

of.Le

d through

reproduction. ' ,

The different industrial organizatioIB turn their pr oduotIon budgets

over to the enterprise which conducts the social bookkeeping. From

all the product ion budgets resUlts the sooial inventory. Prcduc ts in

ene form flow to the en te.rpr ts es

j

new ones in another form are given

out .by them. Each conveyance of goods is reoorded in the general

soo~al bookkeeping by an endorsenent ~o that the debit and credit

of a.ny part ioUlar enterprise at aru time can be seen at a

g.l

ance ,

Ever~thmg which an enterprise oonsumes in the way of meana of pzo-

duotlon, ra~ material or labor money, appear on the debit side of

the enterpr~sej what it has turned

ove

r to society in the; form of

products appears as a credit. These two items must cover eaohothe;

continu~usly, revealing in this.way whether and to what e~ent the

produot~ve prooess ~s flowing smoothly. Shortage and exoess On the

part of .the enterpr~se bec oraea visible and oan be correoted. If an

errte rp r fae is unable to maintain its prodootivity if tbat prodoo-

tivity deolin6s, then the other enterprises even'though they work

b~yond the sla. projuction time, oannot oovêr the shortage of the

f~rst one•. The oomparatively unproduotive enternrise is unable to

r~~:Jroduce ~~self, the malf~ction becomes visibÏe and oan be reme-

dl';,d by s~o~ety. The control of the GSL enterprises runs parallel

in part Wl th that of the prod.uot ive ones It resuJ. ts from the mat-

eriaJ. prOduct ion, 1through the registrati;n of the art icles turned

over to them and thê ~ec~jpt of labor money. The product of the GSL

enterprises, ~owevar, goes into sooiety  gratuitously , so that for

these enterprll36S ~he oradit factor is lacking in the ir bOOkkeeping.

The oontro~ of the uproduot iv ity will probably Only be poss ible

w~th the a~d of oomparative investigations.

While under oapitalism the category s.a. labor time is dependent on

 value , in oommunism it is only a matter of the ,labor embodied in

goods turned o~t. And while sOoial produotivity under oapitalism bas

ula

ted

by the market, which

mvcrves

a giga.nt1c waste of

t

O

be r~~ forc

o

3 of p:roc1uction, in oommunism the 10wsr_ Ing of ths

tb8

soo, .~t'on time is

E).

oonEloious,s0üially-regUlated aot. It leadt.

a.e..

pr(l~~;;'l -drOl) j1)t::l~tira lE 0:: pr cduc

t

ron, If, for exarspl.e , an

tO

a

g81lfl'7

nas

rr;ci'3J.t l

mcane (,f pr

oducb äcn at IOO,000 labor

enterp '~:i Lf we aestrne tnat these änstr umenbs have a ten-ye ar span

hOur~,

ar,

then IO,

ooo 'He):;:k:hlS he ure

are t

0 be

aidad.

on

y~arly t 0 the

of l~f~, of this Ant'3: T)lise. If

  :;[le s s

a , r9produot~on t~e of t~e

prodUG ~ proö.u.cti0 l' ell\::.-loyed jn this errte rp cIs e deolinea, then. m

mea

ns

0 esO cf raprcd.1.l0tio.n it can

f

aahLon be

t

e r or more machme s

its ïf.~ i,1clease Ha prod'.lctivity, which in practice means exparid-.

a.n

d

the p:::0Ctuctv e

appa

rat us without the expenditure of extra labor.

ing rcdvct'on time t

os

this enterprise has ohanged.

s

mce the s.a.

Ther~duCtio; time ls o~sexv~d, t~e only ohange is in ths productiv-

~ep faoto:.:' of t3is

ei •.

~« :p.;:'ise. The s.a. production tim~ of the oar-

;ti with wllich '~he

ent

er-prLee

j.e

c.onnecte d s.:;.ways rs,:,ams the

s

ame

a~the reprcC;.uatj.on tim nmoe the means of pr oduotron, too, flow

,; a o

ont

änuous t:l

trearo thr ough

al:;'

the enterpr ises. The

1

owes t s0-

;ial reprod'.:ct ion times blena. ~aiI - and. aga i n in the proceas of

produotion with the s.a. =eproauct~on t~llie.

8y wa.y of

s

umma'ry, it may

be

said: ,

 TM basis of the s.a. =eproduction time is the s s a, workmg

hour ,

This 8atebory

ts

al ;:' PG' .dy val

id

even in oapital

Ism,

Even

1 '.01 '1'

the

iTlè.h' i:~:-.l ?,J..'ffsl  :10es finc:

no

expression in the oom-

mod::'t,y, for~l1-3 prcduc t is c onver ted on ths market intc money;

tbat is, trs,nSfOT.llJC:J.nto the gene raï, c ommodLty, by whioh all

individual èifferences are abolished. In oommunism, it is the

s

s

a, re pr oöuc t

t

on til:le which embraoss within itself all in-

dividual d~.ffan~nces of slowand sxoer Ience d workers, of cap-

able and.

Le

s e re.paole. of

manual,

s.nd

in'Ge:'leotual

Labor ,

The

s.a. r'epr oduc cLon timè is accordingly s omethrng whioh as suoh,

as .somethi G s~)eoial, does not exre

t,

Like the 1aws of riat ure,

wh~o~merely b::ing out what is general in the particuJ.ar

phanomena, \vithout existing

as

aetual laws, ths s.a.. working

hour , .whieh in the conorete sense has no ex Ia

t

ehce , enibodies

what as general from among thB enormous di vers ity in the mat-

erial inteZ'aotion of SOCiety .

-------

TEE U. W. p. GROUPS.

Our

e rog~oUp i~ BuffalO, N.Y., have condueted quite a few out-door

~I)~

mo:;:p-tlngsthis aumner, and the workers responded by ghe hun-

thei~· o~  was a ::elief f~r thess audisn03s to hear something about

cea ;~tll1 f~ problsllB Ul contrast to ths G.p. speakers, who in-

BUffalo Y h~rp. on thp. ~eauties of the v:'::Jr ;:ers' Fatherland  •--Our

groüp ~e orgo.IuzLTlg a olass on Ro'volutionE'xy Marxism .

~ i~~m~~~s in NewYork ~~,ty are planning some ,'ery outstanding ac-

E>lT l l S tht~e fall and \vmter eeason, and we will announoe the

  l ~s paper frol.l '~ime ·to time.

Ir  'V'sh'

tbi3o.'ill~;tonJ D.O, the o01 '  ad.Gshave helped to prepare material for

T: e c ;   s .(~, a.1d ha'le sho1,m muoh wUl ingness in support ing the Party.

 1/< 1 .~cago group ope1'.8 its annual Worker 's Forum on Sun Oot 7 It

.•..... COnti . • ••

class On ~ue

eveEY

Sunday evan~ng thru-out the winter. Oot.S a stud]

Cf

t.hs ~o~rXi:--'1.. .()onoml~a wU1 oOlnrnenoe. The regular ~ I kly meet ing,;

the 8umr~rup

0;1

v.u,4..evenmgs a.roemuoh better attended

nO,7

than dur ln~

months,and the oomrades are enthusiastioally active. --

8/18/2019 ICC Vol 1 No 1

7/10

FORTHCOMINGRTICLES IN THE COUNCILCORRESPONDENCE.

 I  

Is The A. F. of L. a LabQr Irg&nization?

Eanr k Grosemanne Interpretat10n of the Marxia.n Th.ory of

Accuilnllation 8.O'ldColla.pse of the Cap1ta.l1st 6;ahm.

. . .

..

...

...

.

.

....

Thes is on Bolshev iem.

(Tra.nela.ted from ths Dutoh Counoll Correepondenoe .)

••••••• e.•••

The present stand of ths European Counoll Movsment.

Perspeotivas of the mariaan Labor Yovements.

The Opposition Groups of the 111 International

Will there be an marioan La.bor Party?

-..- --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

FOR THOSEWHOREADGERMAN:

WB~~Akorrespondenz (Theoret1sohes - und Diskussionsorgan fur die

:=.atdbewegung) Herauagegeben von der Gruppe Interllationalel' Kom-

munisten Holland.

N0.1 : Die Zusammenbruohstheorie des Kapitalismus . Eine kritiscr.

Luseinandersetzung Anton Pannekoek rs mit dem Buche Henryk GroSSmh

ft Daa Akkumulat äcns - und Zlli, amrnl3nbruchsgesetz des kapitalist äso hen

5yscoms

Weiterhin: Die Wirtschaftslage im Nat rcnat.scc jal ISmus ~

N').2 : Der Historische Materialismus und Hitlel' Deutschland lI\.

Zsichen des Zusammenbruchs .

No.3 :  Thesen uber ai~n Boleohewismus . Eine umfassend.e und

gla.~l?ende Darste]{lu.'lg des Bolschewismus vom Standpunkt del'

f..a:~(;loe 'lgung.

Nc.~ :  Zu Fannekoeks Kritik in No.I der Rate Korrespondenz .·Pf~L

Ml.tt,iqk antwortet Pannekoek vam Boden der G:rossmannsohen InterpN-

tation der Marx'schen Akkumulationsthaorie.

Jede Nummer 10 cent. Portofrei. Bestellt bei  United Workers Par.

1604 N. California Ave., Chicago. 111.

- - - - - - - - - -

-

-

-

- -

-

- -

-

- - - -

-

BESTELLT- LEST - Verbreitet -

 KAMPFS1GNAL DeutseheB der Ratebewegung gewidmetes Organ, der

àeutechen revolutiona=en Atbeiter Ne Yorks. - Einzelnummar 5~

GeBohaftsetelle: - 799 BroRaway (Room 413) NewTork City.

THE FUTUREOF THE GERMANLAOOi MOVEMENT

-

- -

-

-

- - - - - - - - - - - - ~

-

- -

-

tion regarding the possibilities of the German labor

AnYape~ul~t take into aooount, not merely the ~irn~ef the vaxioua

.oVe~en tion

s

but the struotural tranaforma.tiona

i n

modern soo1ety

org~niZa l~t d90ade. Th1s ohange in the eoo~Qm10 ~etup. to-

4ur. ::.n

g ~h lts politiOa.l coneequenoes , is likevi1se the indispens-

gethB

r

k

y to the complete understandlng of fasoism.

able e

resent crisis, the monopolist form of economy develops

Int~~~ ltself stagnat1ng tendenoies direoted eoonomioally against

 i laiBsez-fa1re principle and polit1oally aga.inst formal democ-

t::

y 

The prooess of oapital oonoentration, wh1ch oontinues dur-

I' tte or ts re , aots as a spur to all aoo äaä gr-oups , though it 1s

~y the working class which oan be moved into a genuine opposition

to the existing order. The economie dependance of the m1ddle olass

all

OWS

it no policy of its own; 1t develops only a backwa.rd ideol-

ogy, s mce any soc1al advanoe br ängs ith it the downfall of thia

ol&8S as a speoial group .

The fact that the middle class has becoma the ch1ef support of ths

fasoiBt..-movement is only a Bign of lts O\'f l bistorj.ca.l insignifioan-

oe. The policies of the existing eoonomic aystem can net be sub-

ordinated to the fasc1st 1deology, and the loud9r that ideology

 riea, the more surely 1t aï.ao des

t

r oya :Ltseif. Being lnca,pable

of bringing acout a revolut1ona.ry change in

'~~110

economie system,

faaoiBm is oompelled to follow 1aw6 VI·n1chsimply foroe the im-

poverishment of ths middle olaes as weli. T~i:')

fM

cis t 'Jovement

mtlSt of neceas ity, in the oourse of deveLopmcnt s , ehrink to a

fasc1et state 9'p'a,;t ,ê.tus which has openly to do:i:'el'ldthe i.1terests

af the eoonomically strongest groupa against society sn a whole.

P actioally, faeoism can only be appraised. as the expression of

 n~ politica~ necess1ties of the mOllcpo:iet.iL' groupe dur rng the

~r: s ra , 1t I~ nothing other than ',;he oomputs ion to pe::IIlá..T.:e:\t

:~~rorism agamst the working c.Laae ; a.::ldtn is conpul.a äon re-

e'lt'l from the fact that the further enda.ngering of indUflt=i9J.

P:~ofits by soo~a.:l: unrest oan no langer be tûlexl'J,ted .• emce the

~ready ~uffIcIent prof1t brings rnt o ques

t

Ion more and more

t h

e

contmusd ex1stence of the--eoonomio sy&+'em.

FSElC.: .Hlll,

fur-

at.~~rn0re, h~ to wage the claas st:L'uggle aga tnc

t

tl ,e c·;.aos

t~ItgG'le WhIOh it den ies , so as to pr epe.re the  naLion

lt

for

e imperialistic clashes to be expec èd.

~~na rea.ult .of'·1;h6-.oon~cts of Lnte re s t.a within society -

.ma flicts deniable only In wo=d.e, net in reê.lity - fascism

01

Y change its leaders and avmbc.La or mav even under car-ta.m

rcumstan  

to a ces, as a result of new social upheav e.le , give plaoe

tion neC-democratic regime. But practically this trans~orma-

8YmbwOuld be nothing morf; than an exchange ~f leaders an~

to B.~~s, a ince even

t

ho ~~f)l~tor-3é d.emocraoy would be c crrpeLl ed

state ~~ the .•.ascist po.Lio äe s , ·Even a democratioally mjJ.ds'l

the r. e-pe=avus would have to prU'>8ct the exäa

t

Ing s ooLecy with

overt~~~~.sar.:ï. zn e ano , which toè.l:.y a.ce means of te:':l'erisi1l. Without

8t.:U.l be Ing the differeneea bet ween faso ism and democr aoy , i t ma.y

er the said that both thea e sooial

f

orma, witbin tte framework

- n o s p~f~~eint system, have only the same poss1bilitiea of aotion,

cs 1s always dictated by the eoonomio necessitiea.

8/18/2019 ICC Vol 1 No 1

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rrom th:l.a ata.ndpoint, a.nyfitrugg1e for demoora.oy1a only a. pseuäo

atrugg1s. And for tM.s ress on , auch a strugg1e is quita out of

the queat toz, for the woricerfi, and can only be conduoted by those

gzoupe which ars .,1l1ing to p1a,ycapitalistic politics, that is,

meroly WD.nto govern, Thj.6 f igbt IV·Ulnot even be d.ecid.edby the

Wfighta:t's , but by the prooea~0B within the eoonomio fiystem. Or~y

ths fa..lae asaumptLor;that the p::eeent econcmyla still oapable of

f~ther progressive deve10pment c~~ feed the illusion of a new

democrat1c era.,

In Germanyalso, the real olass struggls w1l1 not turn on ths quee-

ticn of democracy and al1 atternpta to erect a newlabor movement

on this baa

äa

are'doomed in.ad:'IaIlcs. The efforte of the socialist

mmrementto

69',;

a newlease of life througll the radica.1izing of its

phra,seology f:3.ll downon the cbjsctive impossibllity of turning h ä s-

tory.backward. The d.ema.ndor the rehs..bllitaticn of d.emoora.cyia

no lees l~ughable than ths faith of the faaciBt in the restoration

of the goed old times f t.

The attemptfi of the various oommunist groups to build up i1legal

movements in the old party style show that they thoroughly share

the 1l1ueions of t.he socialist movemerrt Tcthitlg'has oha.ngedas

reg~~rdathe Ldea held by these groups as to the role of the party.

Wn,a.twas onoe legal shall nowcontinue to fl'nction lllega.lly in

ths same form. Theyoomp1etely f~il to see that the old party

movement was just an expression of formal d6mooracy, and oould

exist nowhere eLsa, The party is bound up wi.th democraoy, the one

is not possible without the othe r , Anyons

'F.~.O

féL7~ciestl :a.tstrong

party organizations capable of playing a deci6~y~ role in history

oan be buil~ up anew, suoh 8. person must necessarily, however much

he mayproteàt believe in ~he poseibility of a new damocratio era,

and, 1ike the raecists and socialists, is mere1y ifttoxicating him-

eelf with traditions.

Nothing is more naive than the var rous asaent ione of the different

political groups in Germanyto the effect '~hat ·they have ao and so

many thoueanda of illegal membes in the i= runks , These computa-

tione can OO1ybe made and peddled about in foreign countries.

They are incapable of proof, ~~d spring c01y from the ccmpetitive

needs of the various parties in the countries which have not yet

gone fascist. Those computationa are è~bious for the very reason

that there ia absolutely no wayof ~aklng them; no centrolled, 11-

1egal labor movement embraced on party princip1es exieta in

Germany.

It ia true that the CommunistParty succeedsd, during ths first

tew montha of the dictators hip, in leat

ThOug 'tus è~li::) e.d.-Iuateditsel to und8rgro~e.,. :l;ur~u. &y

1)QPoe~PP~~~ured,

ail.. 

~ill 0001.1::8, the arrest oz of..:dlci.aJ..a _h~

U

S;afislori of meeting plausu,

t

he eeizure of oontao

t

men. wna.tls

8u~T up todr y ie tc,v:orroV l.~.l'ea.dvdeetr oyed, Slowly r,ut with deadly

bu ta.1nty

t

hs

3.:,'lX   r.3. · G , J .   jo o

not,. however, do away with the economie neeesslty of b.;;i:' '.r~~.i1€;ul 't:  T  

gether in sreat numbers in the enterprises, rnauat r Iee ,

8/18/2019 ICC Vol 1 No 1

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v&lld only in wordsi namely, that the Revolutlon 18 not a p a r t y

matter, but the affalr of the olass.

To avold going off lnto empty speoulatlon regarding the ooming Ger_

man labor movement , 1t must be reallzed that the period of dis inte-

gratlon of exlstlng soolety oonstltutes a new historioal epooh which

follows its own laws and not these of tho·past. The old party mova..

ment whloh regardsd itaelf as the deoislve factor of the revolutioll

was in reality only a ohlld of aspiring oapitalismi a ohl1d whioh thE

~io mother devours in the crisis. Ths settin~ in of this

new epooh is neoessarily bound up with the end of demooracy and hence

with the end of the prev10us labor movement. The ~ast, t~ be sure,

still weighs upon the present and leads to the buil ding of neo-

socialUi~, neo-communist and other suoh nneo

n

organizations, but al1

tradie10ns must yield in the faoe of the ohanged circumstanoes. Tha

-world orisis ls still in its first sta56, the procsss of disintegra-

tion ~ only begun. Ths farther this procoss adv~~oe~, the more

must ths terrorism against ths workers be sharpensd. But this terror ..

ism serves for the ir poli tice~ e duoat ion. In tna course of de veLop.,

ment, fascism will be oompelled to des lroy its own organizations ;

r:e.tu:t'e

s

ena a limit even to the

gze

abe st joy in th=e.lldom. Famishini j

lasClists oease to be fascists. Resignation

killA

ind.ividuals,

but .

not classes. Every attempt of the wo=ke.rs to I'Ill.r:l off their ü~tJ:Jver-

i6hment will be oombated in the manner in 'Rhich rebslJ. Lons

 : 1:>o. ) C,

 TL/) :LleclL11i of Ame Loan C~pttallolll  f:;:,:rr. ~he 6tO.:.~pO'..~l':

of oVdr-aecumulation.

UNITYrOR WHAT?

iet League and the Amerl0·an Workers , Party

comm

un

Move to Form New Party.

- - - - - - -

o the Militant

n

( *37 )

the organizat1onal unity of th8È

Aooording ~lose at hand. The politioal bargainers are almost SUl

grou~ ;~eir

def~

through to the s~tisfaction of all conoerned.Th

to puv hU> of both groups will be very happy, and they w111 be

membe:rEl a. large;r and more important orga.nization. The Trotsky

pro

ud

0 d w111 e.as l 1y forget that only yesterdaythe Musteites

bOdyg~irs and politioa sooundrels. The Muste orowd will soon

were ·~hat Trotf ky on the same side .1th their Amerioan Lenin ,

f'~r ~orlLer and I,resent Priest Muste is not so bad. Together they

t~l fi~ht for the Amerio~n kind of a revolution, and oelebrate

:he mem~ry and bones of Atnerioan Bourgeois rebels daad I .5 0 yeara

or more.

The whole ma,ter is a joke, only lndioatlng that by this mergel'

they hope to Btop the disintegration going on in both groups. It

ie of no importanoe to the working olass, and as a matter of fact

the workers ignore both of nthe only onea

n

Divoroed or com-

blned, they have no future as their only weapons are outworn tra-

ditlons whioh may still oonfuse part of the workers, but never

xeally ir~luenoe them.

Praat iOally lt may be summsd up as a.n expression of the sound

pollcy for

b

Igg'e r and bett~r bus Ineaa ; As long as it is not

poaltlve that this unity w1l1 actually take place, it is not

worthwhile to deal with lt at great length. We will oome back

to the subject 1n one of the fut ure issues of the C. C.

-,-

- - - - - - - - - - -

WE ~yt Q ANNOCNCE:_

A

Konthly Organ of Tha International Communist Workers' Counoil

Kovement.

 LIVING MARXISM

~ 1IIO:~y magaz~ne to be publishnd beginning Jan. I,

1935,

 Living

a.r~ m will b U1 -lque insofar t'.s it will not

be

reBtricted by

: ~ Y interests, will DOt serve t~e interests of any parasitic

vlt~:tacYbl er be ObBoessed by leader fetishism. It will deal with

lII&teri

Pro

ams of interest to worKerB, and will publish only such

C OIIIm ~ whieh w111 be of Value in the revolutionary str.uggle f(;)1

1stB~i~m'Rlt ill publish the never-rnentioned opinions of Marx-

Pt.nnekeo e

csa

Luxemburg, Franz Meh:ring, Karl Liebneoht, Anton

oorres o~, Her:llan Gorter, and many

o

tbe rs , Living Marxism

n

haa

ever ~o denta., ,revolu tionary workerL~, and writar's in almost

the ltua.~iry. ~t will be able to present objeetive reports of

BOale It on~

an

ths various eountrit~s,and on internation~

Qross~ W11.L

aä.sc

bring forward the eoonomio worka of Henryk

national ,wand others, of the greatest jmportanoe for the inter-

preeeec1 byO~~inW ol~~ movement, whieh tbave been ignored and s up-

•.•e crr io iai labor fakirsn.

It wl11 be , b

OOlla.borat .PLl 11Bhed by the United lVorkei:13I Party of Amerioa in

land and

~OT.\

wlth the Groups of Iatex:iat äona.L Oommunat s in Hol-

I'~ance BUl nrnark, and the Counc 11 MoYolllé'ntö5.n Germany,England,

t~OIll

tbs ga.ria,Checho-Slovakta and HU ig -7.We ean expeot no help

·~.orlPtl°t'fiCia.l labor movernent , BO we l\&k for your support an;

on.Write to United WorkerslPar~ _ Chicago, Ill_

8/18/2019 ICC Vol 1 No 1

10/10

1 1 11 1 I1 1 1 11 1

II ~ I I I I I

-THE STRIKE WAVE.-

The ,?resent a tr ike wave is character ized by defeats and betrayale.

Th'3 workers suffer defeats be cause of their inBufficient and :..'.-

treacheroua organizatione on ths one hand, and beoause the capital_

ist class and its state cannot permit a viotory to the workers on

the other. Capita.lism in the per10d of generaJ. or iS i S, must combat

to its fullest extent any attempt by the workers to imprOV ethe ir

oond ttions , Victory fcr the workers wOuld mean enda.ngsring the POSi-

tion of capitalism. Every strike is practically lost in advance ,

But this does not e xcf ude the necess ity of workers f ighting every on·

slaught on the ir 1 iving standa.rd. We must take part in every one Of

these struggles, and e ncourage the worker to fight, be cause the pre-

sent strike wave in spite of its ahor

t

c omIngs iS more important than

the whole of t1:le official politieal mevement at this time.Ths fact

that these str ikes are destined for defeat or betrayaJ. does not miti-

gate the re'; or ut.

ä

onary val.ue of the struggle. We may point out that

on the bas Ls of the present labor movellllnt no victory is pos s ibIe,

but we have to f igh't in all thsse labor struggle' as they are, and

not as we nlÏ3 1t want

tne:n,

Wemust strive to-hinder the lator fakirs

from ua mg thec a s ccakee to thsir own advantage, and this is baèt

done by tr.e most acc

xv Lty

en the actuaJ. strike front.

The fight for existence is the fight of today; and the struggle for

a new sooiety oan Only grow out of these daUy s

t

r

uggû

ea , As thess

day to day struggles increase, and as the worke r ga ins expe r äence

from the defeats, the f ight ohanges its qual ity and becomes rev oï,u-

tionary Lead ing to the over thr ow of the present system. A communist

mayor itic ize and condemn the character of the str ikes and the or-

galliza~io~s mvo'Lve d, but he must take part in the strikes and fight,

for thw

16

tru{sboJ:teElt r oud te rev oj ut

i

on in the declining pe r

i

od

of capittJ.

äsm,

= = ~   =   = = ~   =   = = =   = = =   = = = = = =

- - - -

- -

-

A}lNOUNCEMENT:- Do not faU to get the next issue of CouncU ccr ree -

p ondenco CfI2). It will be errtIr el y dev ote d to the translation of the

 -r'ltlsis on Bo'Lshev Lam , cons isting of ten separate articles on this

subject, prepared jointly by

t

he Group of International Oommuns üs

of' HOlland. It is an e xcaptLonaL and comprehens ive history and analy-

s ts of Bo.Lshev i.am, There will be onl

y

a limited amount of copies

ava i.l abje , so order yours nowJ

We reoommend the next pamphlet to be published by: Po.LemLo Publishers

673

Er oadway , New York Oity, - THE INEVITABILITY OF OÜMMUNISM ,

25t

A cr

i

t Ique of Sidney Hook is  Interpretati~n of Marx by Paul Mattick.

It

 ,~

wr itten from the vie \'I-point of the United Workers

I

Party of

A~r aca, and deals with almost every aspect of revelutionary Marxislt,

Sûoul d be in the hands of every Marxis-t •

To be published s oon by United Workers I Party: - WHATNEXTFOR THE

AMERIOANWORKER? - A pamphlet dealing in a simple manner with

the needs and future of the Amerioan labor movement.

We st Ul have s ome copte s of:

IIWorld-Wide Fas ots a or World Revolution  - lOp

 Bol s hev tem or Oommunism  -

5~-

UNITEDWORKERSPARTY_- 1604 N.California Ave., - Ohioago, UI.

r-

COUNCIL

CORRESPONDENCE

ENGLISH EDITION

F o r T h eo ry a nd D is cu ss io n

CONTENTS 

THE PERMANENT CRISIS:

Henryk Grossmann's Interpretation of Marx's Theory

of Capitalist Accumulation.

Upton Sinclair on the road to Fascism?

The Uprising of the Dutch Unemployed in Amsterdam.

French Trotskyites go over enmass to the Socialist Party.

The Spanish Class Struggle.

NOVEMBER, '934 •. No .. ~

U NITED W ORK ER S PARTY

I1 I

~L=~  ~~~~~~~~~

= ,

I

I