The Great Depression in CanadaPresentation by Dr. Brian PayneAssociate Professor, History and Canadian Studies, Bridgewater State University and Visiting Fulbright Chair in North American Integration, Carleton University

Teaching Canada: A Professional Development Workshop for IBMA EducatorsOffered by Fairfax County Public Schools and the National Resource Centers on Canada in the U.S.Wednesday, November 30, 2016 - Newseum Learning Center - Washington, DC

Key Themes

Canada’s Conservative Response There was no New Deal

Reflecting on Capitalism Rural and Conservative Values National Policy

A political-economic structure that celebrated industrial growth via resource extraction and national integration

Lack of Direction William Lyon Mackenzie King Richard Bedford Bennett

The Canadian Identity

Statute of Westminster, 1931 Was there a Canadian British identity? Was there a Canadian North American identity?

Canadian novelists Morkey Callaghan Philippe Panneton

Academic Debate Harold Innis Donald Creighton

Personal Impact of a Global Depression The Most Hard Off

Unemployed Going on Relief

Western farmers Palliser Triangle

Government’s Reaction Seedbed of Radical Revolutions

Labor Camps

The Depression in Politics

National Policy John A. Macdonald Economic Development via Resource Extraction and National Integration Growing Regional Antagonism

Maritime Rights Movement Progressive Parties

New National Policy Rowell-Sirois Report on Dominion-Provincial Relations, 1937-1940

Richard Bedford Bennett

Conservative Party $20 million aid package Tariffs

1930 Tariff Commonwealth Economic

Conference, 1932 Critiques

HH Stevens, Price Spread Investigation

Trek on Ottawa, 1935 Bennett’s “New Deal” Speeches

A Psychological New Deal

William Lyon Mackenzie King

Compromising within the Liberal Party East versus West and the

Inflation Debate 1933 Platform

Prime Minister (again) Free Trade Central Bank Reform and

Lending National Employment

Commission Balanced Budget

J.S. Woodsworth

Co-Operative Commonwealth Federation Christian Socialism Moderate Reformism

Progressives International Events

Pacifism and World War

Maurice Duplesis

Quebec Rural, Catholic, Conservative Economic Conflict was Ethnic

Conflict La Survivance

Reformism Action Libérale Nationale Union Nationale

Return to Conservativism Padlock Law

“Bible Bill” Aberhart

Social Credit Western Progressive Political

Tradition United Farmers of Alberta

Social Credit Party Provincial Elections of 1935 Balanced Budget Legislation Declared Void by

Supreme Court of Canada

Conclusion

A Conservative Response to Depression Economics

Balanced Budget Tariff Debates

Social Leadership Downfall of the National Policy

Lack of Popular Critics No Muckrakers

Liberalism in Canada Post-War Human Rights