IA Summit 09 - User Interfaces with Metasearch Capabilities
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Transcript of IA Summit 09 - User Interfaces with Metasearch Capabilities
User Interface Issues with Metasearch
IA SummitMarch 21, 2009
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009
What is metasearch?
AKA “federated search”
“…simultaneous search of multiple online databases or web resources…” (Wikipedia)
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Recent Studies
2 government agencies
Library of Congress (LOC)Various historical databases, the LOC website, and the LOC
card catalog
National Institutes of Health Library (NIHL)
Various medical research databases
1 professional organization
American Chemical Society (ACS)Various chemistry journals, articles, and the ACS website
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 3
MethodologiesSimilarities:
One-on-one usability test
User-defined and scenario-based tasks
Differences:LOC – 20 participants, general public, prototype
NIHL – 14 participants, NIH employees & contractors, 3 metasearch interfaces – 1 prototype and 2 functional sites
ACS – 10 participants, chemistry professionals, functional site
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 4
Library of Congress
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 5
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 6
NIH Library Site 1
NIH Library Site 2 (Science.gov)
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 7
NIH Library Site 3 (Scitopia.org)
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 8
American Chemical Society
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 9
Results
Some metasearch-specific results and some general search interface results
Some commonalities and some differences
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 10
Metasearch takes time
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009
Waiting for a complete display of results is better than a quick response that displays only a partial set of results.
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-But be sure to justify to the user why it is taking a long time.
Use a progress indicator to show the user that a search is still ongoing.
Advanced Search within metasearch
Advanced Search is an important and desirable feature. Especially for sophisticated searchers.
Technical limitations:Different metadata is used in each of the
different sources
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009
Offer an Advanced Search, even if only for individual sources. Make sure entry fields are intuitive.
These entry fields are not intuitive.These entry fields are not intuitive.
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Do users care about the source of their results?
Users are more concerned with obtaining the answers that they need than the source of those answers (among the sources offered).
Exception: Some sophisticated searchers (e.g., frequent medical researchers at NIH) will want to choose what sources are included in the search.
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009
Show users which sources will be searched by default and provide an option for them to modify the selection according to their preferences.
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Interacting with results
Users like to be able to interact with their search results.
Searching within the results
Removing or adding sources to the search
Applying filters to the results
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009
Give users control by providing options to narrow or expand the results in various ways.
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Metasearch Filters
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 15
Bad
Good
How to offer faceted browsing of results
Functionality:
-Include Topic, Author, and Date filters for each set of results-Allow users to remove a filter once it is selected-Allow users to select from more than one category (i.e., topic and date)
Metasearch Filters (cont.)
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 16
Bad
Good
Use clear navigation icons and visually defined hierarchies in filters.
How to display:
-Show a clear hierarchy-Use consistent list icons at each level-Avoid use of ellipsis in topic labels-Avoid overuse of blue hyperlink text
General search interface findings
SEARCH TERMS
Users will:Use descriptive search terms (“books about” or a specific journal name)
Misspell search terms
Use Boolean logic
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 17
Metasearch features should support common user inputs such as descriptive words and Boolean logic.
General search interface findings
SEARCH TERMS
Users want (and expect):A feature to check their spelling
A feature to support Boolean logic
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 18
If Google does it, users expect it from you, too.
General search interface findingsRESULTS DISPLAY
Users will:Assume that the “featured links” at the top of results list are advertisements and will skip over them
Skim results and skip items that don’t immediately look relevant
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 19
Users want:Text extracts included for every result
Highlighted keywords
Results ranked by relevancy
Where differences occur
UNSOPHISTICATED SEARCHERS VS. SOPHISTICATED SEARCHERS
Unsophisticated searchers care about:
Quickly locating useful results
Sophisticated searchers care about:
What sources are being searched
Advanced Search options (because they’re used to using them)
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 20
Best practices for any search
-Incorporate spell check and a thesaurus
-Support Boolean logic
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009
-Include text extracts for all results
-Highlight keywords in titles and text extracts
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Best practices for metasearch
-Display a progress indicator as results are being populated
-Offer Advanced Search
-Clearly display hierarchy in filters
-Show sources that are being searched and allow users to be modify them
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 22
Consider the sophistication of your various audience groups when designing a search interface and as always, conduct user testing throughout the design process.
Future Research
Personalization (i.e., save search terms, save results, export results)
RSS feeds of new content related to a search
Geo-proximity as a sorting option
How to search multimedia databases
How long users are willing to wait for results
The best way to implement Advanced Search
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 23
Questions?
Dana Douglas, Dick Horst, Cory Lebson / User Interface Issues with Metasearch / IA Summit 2009 24
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