I.2 Materials Handling Technologies for Hospitals
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Transcript of I.2 Materials Handling Technologies for Hospitals
I.2 Materials Handling Technologies for Hospitals
Jeff BarberSr. Applications Engineer
Swisslog
Denver, Colorado
Materials Handling Technologies for Hospitals
Demographic Trends in Healthcare
According to a 2004 Report of Social Security Trustees: – In 1950, there were 16 workers to support every 1
beneficiary of Social Security.– Today, there are only 3.3 workers supporting every Social
Security beneficiary.– And, by the time our youngest workers turn 65, there will be
only 2 workers supporting each beneficiary.
According to a report prepared by CMS:– spending for personal health care per senior citizen was
almost 400 percent greater than for those under 65.
– According to this study, over 1/3 of these senior's healthcare spending is on hospital care.
Issues Driving Healthcare
Improve Turnaround Time (TAT)Reduce operating costsEnhance patient-focused careDecrease inventoriesDecrease in-patient staysImprove service quality Consolidate support servicesConsistent quality careIncrease patient/staff safetyIncrease productivity / reduce laborReduce dependence on elevators24/7 operationIncrease space utilizationIncrease flexibility to expand facilityReduce injury to staff & facility
2005 version
Automation is the application of computer-based system to improve productivity and quality of performance.
Definitions
Automated Transport System (ATS): A computer controlled system for automatically moving materials between two or more locations.
Automated Storage & Retrieval System (ASRS): A system for automatically storing and retrieving loads from defined storage locations under computer control.
Material Handling is the movement, storage, control & protection of materials, goods and products throughout the process of manufacturingmanufacturing, distribution, consumption & disposal.
Logistics: The problems and methods of obtaining,obtaining, transporting,transporting,
distributing, maintaining and replacingreplacing material andand personnelpersonnel.
2005 version
Systems for automatically storing and retrieving loads from defined storage locations under computer control.
Automated Storage & Retrieval System (ASRS)
BENEFITS:
High Cube utilization reclaiming up to 75% of floor space by using overhead space and increasing storage density
Materials are presented to the picker reducing risk of operator injuries, including repetitive motion syndrome & eliminating up to 2/3 of an operator's wasted walk and search time
Materials are stored and protected securely inside the storage units
Decreased inventory levels possible through centralized storage & control
ASRS – Vertical CarouselLinked shelves rotate vertically on oval track. Bins hold “small” materials
Up to 35 fpm
10,000 to 25,000 pound capacity
10 to 35 feet tall
Option: Pick to Light
Environmental control (clean, refrigerated or frozen)
Facility Requirements– Power (3Ø & 1Ø)– Space
ASRS - Horizontal Carousel
Linked bins rotate horizontally on oval track - Shelves hold “small to medium” size materials.
Up to 90 fpm
300 to 2,500 pound bin capacity
6-12 foot high
Option: Pick to Light
Option: Auto Extractors
Facility Requirements– Power (3Ø & 1Ø)– Space
Facility Requirements– Power (3Ø & 1Ø)– Space (higher the better)– Floor loading on grade
S/R Machine travels horizontally on floor rail w/ a vertical moving extractor to store & retrieve payloads from rack structure on both sides of aisle.
200 to 500 fpm
50 to 10,000 pound loads
10 to 100 foot high
Environmental control (clean, refrigerated or frozen)
ASRS – Crane In Aisle
ASRS – Box Picker Fast controlled-access storage (small crane in aisle) for meds & supplies in bins. Secure or limited access to 1 bin at a time.
Bins 14”L x 7”W x 3.3” H
687 bins in 75 sq ft.
Store/Pick to 200 / hr.
High capacity drawers
Interface to IT system for access & inventory control
Facility Requirements– Power (3Ø)– Location space
Packaging DispensingStorage
From Bulk Stock
To Patient
To Bar-Coded Unit Dose
To Storage
ASRS / Automated Drug Management (ADMS)
Increases Patient Safety On demand & daily schedule Integrates with CPOE Facilitates bedside verification Complies w/ FDA Unit-
Dose Bar Codes
Facility Requirements– Power (3Ø & 1Ø) – Compressed Air
Automated Transport System (ATS)
Systems that transport unit-load payloads horizontally and/or vertically between two or a multitude of station locations.
BENEFITS:
Improve Turnaround Time (TAT) – decrease in-patient stays
Increase productivity / reduce labor
Reduce dependence on elevators
Enhance patient-focused care / Improve service quality
Reduce operating costs
Reduce injury to staff & facility
ATS - Pneumatic Tube System (PTS)
Blowers use vacuum and pressure to propel 4” or 6” Ø carriers through steel tubes & transfer units from one station to another.
On Demand
Speeds up to 1,500 fpm
Small materials to 15 lbs
2 to 100+ stations
New & Existing buildings
Facility Requirements– Power (1Ø & 3Ø)– Stations recessed in walls– Diverters in ceiling or shaft– OH Space for Interzone
Carriers
Transfer Units/Diverters
BlowerStation
Computer ControlTubing
PTS – Components
PTS – Features / Benefits
Increases efficiency & productivity
Traverses long distances –outside, overhead, underground, across multi-building campuses
Enhanced patient care
Multiple departments share costs & benefits
ROI in 18 months (on average)
“Point-of-Care” benefits
Reduces elevator traffic
•Technological Advancements • RFID carrier tracking• Multiple carrier transport • Leak-resistant carriers • High volume, long distance transport
ATS - Track Vehicle System (TVS)
Individually powered cars travel on aluminum tracks and transfer units using 24 volt power rails.
On Demand
Payloads to 50 lbs
Up to 500 cars @120 fpm
Systems from 2 to dozens of stations
New & existing buildings
Facility Requirements– Power (1Ø)– Stations recessed in wall – Diverters in ceiling or shaft
TVS – Features / Benefits
Quiet & secure
Vertical and horizontal movement
Variable size containers
Modular track for flexibility
Pass through fire-rated walls where UL listed fire doors are installed
Reduces elevator traffic
ATS- Selective Vertical Conveyor (SVC)
Fiberglass tote boxes move vertically on cars between floors & horizontally on roller conveyors.
Up to 12 totes/minute
Up to 60 lbs capacity
17”W x 20.5”L x 18” H Tote
From 2 to dozens of stations
Designed into new buildings
Facility Requirements– Power (3Ø and 1Ø)– Vertical Shaft for chain,
cars, drive, take ups & station stack
Station Output
Operator Panel
Tote
Chain
Station Input
Drive
Take Up
Selective Vertical Conveyor
Reduces elevator traffic Reduces traffic in common
areas Promotes security Fast efficient deliveries Reduces manual transport Enhances staff availability Quite, non-disruptive work
environment
SVC – Features / Benefits
ATS – Automatic Guided Vehicle System (AGV)
Battery powered, computer controlled vehicles move carts between service and nursing areas
Bulk loads
Up to 230 fpm
Up to 1,000 lbs capacity
From 2 to 100+ stations
New buildings or replace old OH Rail / AGV systems
Facility Requirements– Power (3Ø and 1Ø)– Egress space in aisles– Elevators w/ holding rooms– Fire door interface
Technological Advances• Contour-following laser guidance• Non-contact laser obstacle detection• Quick charging batteries• Windows-based control system
AGV - Material Flows in the Hospital
PatientFloors
Kitchen Laundry
LoadingDock
Cafeteria CentralSupply
OperatingRooms
Clean Linen
Soiled LinenSoiled Dishes
Patient Food
Trash
Bulk Food
Trash
Bulk SuppliesBulk Food
Sterile SuppliesIn Case Carts
Supplies
AGV System CartsAGV – Material Carts
Clean & soiled LinenPatient Food / Soiled
Dishes
Trash
Bulk Supplies
Sterile Supplies in Case Carts
Central Supplies
Mobile Robots & Self Guided VehicleATS - Mobile Robot Vehicles (MRV) & Self Guided Vehicles (SGV)
HOW HOSPITALS USE ATSAutomated System
Pneumatic Tube Systems
(PTS)
Track Vehicle Systems (TVS)
Selective Vertical Conveyor (SVC)
Automated Guided Vehicle Systems (AGV)
Application Light unit load, high-speed transport—
-Pharmacy Meds
-Lab specimens
-Supplies
-Paperwork
Medium-weight unit load, lower-speed transport
- Medical Records & Central Supply
- X-ray film
- Intra-Laboratory Transport
- Bulk pharmaceuticals
Medium-weight unit load, lower-speed transport
- Parcels
- Internal
paperwork
- Supplies
Bulk, lower speed transport (on-demand and scheduled)
- Meal trays
- Clean & soiled
laundry
- Central supplies
- Surgical supplies
- Trash
- Bio-hazard waste
ATS – Summary & Comparison
Automated System
Payload Speed Flexibility Expand-ability
Facility Mod Required
Cost
Pneumatic Tube Systems
Light – Up to 10 lbs
1,500 feet per minute
High High Moderate to Low
Moderate
Track Vehicle Systems
Light-Up to 25 pounds
100 feet per minute
Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate-High
Selective Vertical Conveyor
Moderate-Up to 60 lbs.
12 dispatches at up to 68 feet per minute
Low Low Moderate to High
Moderate
Automated Guided Vehicles
Heavy-UP to 1,000 lbs.
20-230 feet per minute
Moderate Moderate-High
Moderate to Low
Moderate-High
Will ATS / ASRS will benefit you? Questions to Answer……
Do you move or store material on a routine, random or on demand basis?Do you have a need for rapid or bulk transport?Do you have a centralized pharmacy or laboratory?How many departments will want or need to use the automated material handling system?How many transactions will be performed & during what time frame (What is the to/from Matrix)?What are the benefits you want to achieve and how will they contribute to a financial justification?How much storage is required?
What should be in a system specification?
What are the needs of each participating department?What is the traffic matrix & quantity during peak times?What type of post-installation testing will be required?How will you ensure selection of the appropriate system and specification?How will you hold the vendor responsible for meeting qualification? Do system specifications include system requirements, vendor qualification, and other safeguards?Does the vendor have architectural guide specifications in CSI format?What pre-qualifications are necessary?How will your vendor’s responses be evaluated?Will vendors bid to pre-designed layout?Are there any special features required?Who will service the system?
Total SystemCosts
*AccumulatedBenefits
True System Costs
Evaluate True System Cost Pneumatic Tube System Example
Initial Installation
Operating/Downtime
Costs
Maintenance Costs
Total SystemCosts
*Accumulated benefits include Turnaround Time (TAT), improved patient care, reduction of inventories, reduction of errors and labor savings.
Cost of Ownership Pneumatic Tube System Example
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Years
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Labor cost
System Cost
Breakeven Point
Total Savings = $4,364,000
Pneumatic Tube Systems usually pay for themselves in less than 2 years
System Costs - $350,000
Labor Costs = 10 FTEs @ $10.35/hr with 5.6% annual inflation
Maintenance Costs = 0.3 FTEs @ $10.45/hr with 5.6% annual inflation
8 CRITICAL MEASUREMENTS
A reputable vendor
A reliable system
An easy-to-use system
A system that handles required traffic
Minimal facility disruption during installation
A cost-justified system
A vendor with superior customer support organization
Health and Safety
Installation Considerations
Submittal packageEquipment detailsPower regulationsAnchorage details Seismic supportsCoring & Fire Stop Methods Plenum Cable, Tie-Rap Cable or ConduitProject scheduleCode issues
Security and storage requirementsContract managementCAD support needsCoordination needsDimensional requirementsUnion labor requirementsWorkplace requirementsStorage requirementsInfection control
Questions Please!
Thank you for your patience & attention!