Who Is Bill Gates? Bill Gates is one of the richest and most

successful business executives in the world. Millions of people have used his computer programs for the past three decades.

Bill Gates has always loved working with computers. In fact, he has programmed computers since his early teens.

He has been the CEO of Microsoft Corporation since 1975. Since then, Bill Gates has written several books and has given billions of dollars to schools. For the last several years, he and his wife Melinda have donated a substantial amount of money to organizations working in global health.

• Use the simple past for actions that happened at specific time in the past and is: finished!

• Use the present perfect for past actions that happened at unspecified time.• Use the simple

past with time words like:

• yesterday• last Saturday, week,

month, year.

• when I was…• in 1990 (past date)

• Use the present perfect with time words like:

• Already • Yet• Ever

(questions)

1. She goes to the movies every Sunday.

2. She went to the movies last night.

3. She has already gone to the movies.

(Present Tense)

(Simple Past )

(Present Perfect)

every Sunday.

last night.

already

COMPARE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES

It’s a past action that happened at unspecified

time.

Have you ever had an

accident?

Have you ever eaten Suri?

I have seen a ghost.I have already fallen in love.

Present Perfect

How do we make the present perfect tense in English?

Can you think of the grammar rule?

The present perfect has 2/3/4 parts:

But...what does “past participle” mean?

Past participles can be regular or irregular.

Gates has always loved computers.

What is a past participle?

LikedWalkedWorked Talked

The regular form of the past participle isbase form of verb + -d or -ed.LikeWalkWork Talk

Past participles can be regular or irregular.

There are many irregular past participles.

WriteGiveBeSeeReadDo

WrittenGivenBeenSeenReadDone

I have given you all my love, but you never have.

Present Past Past Participle

“has/have” + eaten

“has/have” + ate /eat/eating×✔

ateeat

write wrote

eaten

written

When to use Present Perfect Tense?

1)We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about experiences. It is important if we have done it in our lives or not. It is not important when we did it.

Examples    I have been abroad two times.    Anna has never broken a leg.    Have you ever eaten sushi? 

Tip! We often use never and ever with the Present Perfect Tense to talk about experience.

2)We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about an action which started in the past and continuous up to now.

• Examples    I have been a teacher for more than ten years.    We haven't seen Janine since Friday. 

• Tip! We often use since and for to say how long the action has lasted.

3)We also use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about a past action that has the result in the present.

Examples    I have lost my wallet. = I don't have it now.    Jimmy has already gone to South America. = He isn't here now.    Have you finished your homework? = Is your homework ready? 

Tip! We often use just, already, yet, still with the Present Perfect Tense for an action in the past with the result in the present.

We often use the present perfect with the adverbs just, yet, still and already

We use just for very recent events in affirmative sentences; just goes after/before the auxiliary verb have.

• I have just done my homework.

• The taxi has just arrived.

• They’ve just finished

(acaba de)

We use already in affirmative sentences to say that something has happened sooner than expected Already normally goes after/before the auxiliary verb have and it can also go at the end of a sentence for emphasis.

She has already left the party. She has left the party already.

YAYA

(completed action).

We use yet when we are expecting something to happen; yet normally goes at the end of a sentence, and it is only used in questions (the translation into Spanish is “ ”) and negative sentences ( , ) A: Has the teacher come to classes yet? B: No, he hasn’t come to classes yet.

yaaún todavía

Still is used to talk about something that hasn’t finished in negative sentences. Still goes after/before the auxiliary verb have. •I’ve been waiting for over an hour and the bus still hasn’t come.•You promised to marry me and we still haven’t done it.•I still haven’t found with I am looking for.

(todavia)

STUDENT A:1. Look at the picture of the Helmut’s dining room

and at Gisela’s To Do list. Cross out the chores that Gisela has already done.

STUDENT B:1. Look at the picture of the Gisela’s kitchen and at

Helmut’s To Do list. Cross out the chores that Helmut has already done.

STUDENT A:Look at Helmut’s To Do list. Ask your partner questions to find out which chores Helmut has already done. Cross out those chores.Example: A: Has Helmut bought film yet?

B: Yes, he has already bought the film or

B: he has just bought the film.

STUDENT B:2. Look at Gisela’s To Do list. Ask your partner

questions to find out which chores Gisela has already done. Cross out those chores.

Example: B: Has Gisela vacuumed the carpet yet?A: No, she still hasn’t vacuumed the carpet. orA: No, she hasn’t vacuumed the carpet yet.

Phrasal Verbs: Separable and Inseparable

What are they…?How do you use them correctly?

Transitive Phrasal Verbs Most transitive phrasal verbs are inseparable/separable. It means that noun objects can go after the particle or between the verb and the particle.

noun object

He can’t figure the instructions out.

noun object

He can’t figure out the instructions.

Be Careful!If the direct object is a pronoun, it must go between the verb and the particle.

I turned off it.

I turned it off.

Transitive Phrasal VerbsSome transitive phrasal verbs are inseparable. This means that both noun and pronoun objects always go after the particle. You cannot separate the verb from its particle.

Sam ran his boss into. He ran him into.Sam ran into him.Sam ran into his boss.

It took Luis a year to get over his exgirlfriend.It took Luis a year to get his exgirlfriend over.It took Luis a year to get over her.It took Luis a year to get her over.

Intransitive Phrasal Verbs Intransitive phrasal verbs do not have

objects.

I am going out with a new friend.

I caught up with my brother. He was abroad for many years.

no object

no object

My trainer works out for an hour everyday.

no object

How do people feel when they break up with somone they love?

• Depressed.• Sad• Disappointed• Lonely• Indifferent• Sensitive• Miserable

Zoila has just broken up with her boyfriend and now she feels this

way.

After 5 years of relationship, Zolia has broken up with Arthur. She feels so depressed. She doesn’t want to eat or go out. Her scores are university have gone down. She doesn’t want to talk to anybody, not even to her parents or to you. If she continues this way, she might consider terminating her own life. You are the only friend that can help, so write a e-mail to Zolia in order to motivate her and help her get over him.

Arthur has just broken up with his girlfriend and now he feels

this way.

After 5 years of relationship, Arthur has broken up with Zolia. He feels so depressed. He’s never at home. He’s always with his friends drinking and smoking in discos and video pubs. He can’t forget her and cries whenever he’s drunk. If he continues this way, he might become an alcoholic or drug addict. You are the only friend that can help, but you don’t know where he is now, so write a e-mail to Arthur in order to motivate him and help him get over her.

PatrickRecommendations • Catch up with your Friends

• Have a hobby• Don’t think about the past

Reflection It's better to have lost at love than never to have loved at all.

After a 1 year of relationship, her girlfriend left for a more handsome man. Patrick feels so depressed and disappointed. He had never felt something like this before. He is broken hearted now.

Hello Patrick! I really hope you feel better today. Do you remember when I told you that true friends stick together in good and bad times? So here I am to help you out.

You said that you wanted to be alone and I know what your’re saying, but I think you should catch up with us. Remember that we’re your friends. We grew up together and we have always shared everything. Have you thought of hobbies like playing an instrument or going to the gym? Try them. Also, stop thinking about the past because it’s causing you a lot of hurt. Start over and leave everything behind.

Remember it's better to have lost at love than never to have loved at all. Call me up if you need to talk

Think of a happy, sad, exciting,

scary dayhappy day

exciting day

terrible daysad day

Choose one of the pictures that you have recently experienced.

Writing task 1• Think of a happy/ terrible/sad/scary day

that you still remember to this day. Give details of where and when it was. Describe what happened and what you learned from that experience.

• Use separable and inseparable phrasal verbs.

What kind of day was

it?When

was it?What

happened?

What did you learn from it?

someone whispered my namemy cellphone rang and I heard strange voices

shouldn’t drink a lot of Red Bull and try to sleep more hours.

footsteps in the house

scary

8 years ago

One of the scariest days I had was 8 years ago in my house.

After working out, I was turning the TV on when I heard someone whispered my name. I went to see who it was, but I saw no one. I couldn’t figure out what happened because I was alone. Then, my cellphone rang, I answered it and all I could hear was strange voices. I hung it up immediately because I heard footsteps on the roof of the house. I was so scared that I never left my room until the next day.Until this moment, I still can’t get over it.

To this day, I don’t really know what happened, but I learned that I shouldn’t drink a lot of Red Bull and try to sleep more hours.