I WHEN THE CRADLE IS EMPTY NATIONS BEGIN TO...
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I THE WASm1iGTOli HERALD SUliDAY 1ULY 19 1908 Q WHEN THE CRADLE IS EMPTY BEGIN TO FEAR r NATIONS I Alarm Felt in France and England Over the Low ering Birth Rate Comparison with Growth of the Population in Germany Within tHe short period of five years the scornful pity vouchsafed by Europes leading nations to the United States for this countrys neglect of the prime duty of a people race changed- to a sudden desperate searching of hearts and statistics on their own account It is no longer The shameful race suicide of the Americans It is Why are our own cradles empty empty cradle In teeming Europe that vacant nest is now appalling governments while whole peoples stand aghast at dwindling numbers even as a generation ago stood dismayed in the presence of too many Germany alone sees her cradles full She stands a growing giant zmong neighbors who dread her in the process of their dwindling Russia amid the smoldering fires of her smoldering rev innumerable born and perish Her accumu lated millions take no census of them beyond the surmise that they vanish as the herds do from the steppes Where there is too little food there is ever too little life Italy in the south perceives her children born and sees the cradle robbed by disease that ample nourishment could amply balk England from having taken huge pride in her virtue as a welcom parent is out in horror of infanticide and is questioning in fant insurance as though it were a babedevouring yet her true weakness is identical with that France is held up by her own legislators in her own eyes as the horrible example out of all the world in race suicide Is to be a childless or a Teutonic Europe propagationhas olutionsees ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ rest tfetrocs axwraUtd Heo and women for mad put ntoflcmd ttnsU tmrd M a with atsttafuc ZRoiled pith this cmuciau csriotitr tktr beat oat Mother with eater It K tile sued Drrjfej mjtijj beet uuufaatadr the left It ntW to tfco BO to ion frauy eeted I did not tarn TW- itriktos read There we beheld the whit H bias Parts hd to It n a ml Prtoi tljy Ftaea the of Frenchmen of today perceive no exag- geration in that graphic sketch of the Imaginary future They read It and re- marked thoughtfully It is possible perhaps even probable Publication of the vital statistics of the nation during 07 has left France worse the the matte reps lob Iairc to to I akM tile rpgq tTrwrw doe of lit lie tIoa that cog fud step I dsg u dborr JIb sink the euote mz I fasted say YJ iDte the of a IUbed oawu1 to the ra7 does ef tU aired fAmsls their aieaehed 1 ht the meeakr lateler beaks me- Be Lett hat tit nee rls wth ism was had him a lour abdeGes see sutler bad eea use K1Sd1iaJ hurt Rvep et- lmtrvopo sales wts oehe1sa ediaaa a fo ted see Pre e PLUispt ¬ The regular work of Presidential campaign win begin next month In the last twenty years the leaders of both the Republican and Democratic patties have given their attention In June and the first week of July to the conventions thou they took a rest and BO move was made to open headquarters until August It win be the same tills year says a writer In the New York Evening Pst Even In August there Is little heavy Week The office forces at the headquarters are organized campaign plans are discussed and campaign litera ture Is outlined but the managers do not settle down to their regular daily business tilt September They have dis- covered that voters cannot get enthusi- astic over poHtlcs in the dog days and have no inclination to listen to the spell- binders who pent with pride and view with alarm Since the ClevelandBlaine contest of ISSi the national headquarters have been managed on a strictly business basis something like a department store One man looks aster the literature bureau another gives the orators their assign- ments and others give their attention to campaign funds the distribution of money to the various States and other matters of importance in national campaigns Un der each head of department there are many employes and it has been necessary to rent a whole building or a floor in an office building or hotel to accommodate the managers and their staffs In recent years In 1SS8 when Cleveland and Harrison were the opposing candidates the headquarters were in Twentynroth street near Broadway Calvin S Brice afterward United States Senator from Ohio was in charge Senator Quay di- rected the Republican campaign In a house in Fifth avenue below Twenty third street The paramount Issue of that the H cam- paign i Demo- cratic ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ campaign was tarns reionn air bad In fact made It the sole Issue by to Congress In Imo Quay and Dudley As consequence the men who con trolled our infant industries especially those In Pennsylvania were soUdiy rayed against Cleveland Quays task was therefore not a bard one There was no lack of money at his headquarters Funds poured in from Pennsylvania New York and other States from the over protected manufacturers and the money used in the most effective way In the doubtful States It was a silent cam- paign so far as the Republican national headquarters was concerned QUILTS chief assistant was Col Dudley of Indiana who was Harrisons personal representa- tive Dudley was the author of the fa mous Nocks of five letter to the county chairman in Indiana In this letter he In structed the chairman to divide float- ers Into blocks of five and to that they went to the pods and voted There was no mention of money In this letter but It was presumed that the floaters were to be paid for their votes A copy of the letter fell Into the bands of the Democratic National Committee and It was published in some New York news- papers When Quay was asked whether the let ter was authorized by him he would give neither aa aSrmattoa nor denial Soon afterward Dudley brought suits for libel against the newspapers that published the letter but the suits never reached court although the newspapers did everything possible to obtain a judicial decision was simply blufang and there was no doubt whatever that the floater document was genuine Dudley did not appear at the Republican national head- quarters afterward As a political manager Quay was emi- nently successful In New York and Wash- ington as he was In Pennsylvania He rarely talked for publication and never gave out typewritten statements One of the longest Interviews with him was ob- tained by the writer in Philadelphia when he was State treasurer and boss of the State At that time It was reported that Quay had been lobbying at Harris- burg for some measure In the interest of the Pennsylvania Railroad find had been buttonholing legislators at the Capitol When he was questioned about this rep port he smiled and answered Young fellow you must be a green or you would know that if I wanted the legisla- tor to do anything I not go to the Cleve- land his are see a Dudley one would message a was e ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ than worried She is despairing says the Philadelphia North American There were only Tff OO births last year There were 793600 deaths For seven years the French birth rate has decreased In JS97 it decreased a0H nearly three times as many Within a century the births in the French nation have fallen from U978M a year to less than threefourths the rate that let her conquer Europe Proud of liar Position France gazes at her Paris with Its lash lent that dominate the world its art which gives the tone te oK judgments of the beautiful its saturnalia of and of wit France gazes her prov- inces with their shrewdly tilled acreage and their comfortable wealth France gazes abroad at her possessions aad France winces In apprehension amid every glance of pride at the rate of n800 IL year at Ual soil ¬ henee the German population wilt bo double that of France for every passing year the figures of population change to the greater advantage of the German em plre Lack of Soldiers Felt In France they declare with all truth there Is a remarkable lack of soldiers and laborers Although the re- quirements of the military service have been considerably modified from time to time It is increasingly difficult to nil the regular quota of tile army on a peace footing In a few years it will be wholly impossible Only that nation whose population Is on the Increase will be able in decades- to to HId its own In the universal competition for political and economical Influence The analysis of French society last made upon the heals of the exact count of the population as SS 5078S af- forded some striking hints of the causes that are operating fer the elimination of the French from among the worlds peo plea Females are markedly In excess of males numbering 12K3SM as against 1SS16SS Widows and divorced women constitute an army of 2CS87 divorced men and widowers are less than halt the number only lOEJSi There are 9781117 families but 1314733 of those families are without children while 2 4987 have bat one child and 5818655 have two apparently sufficient to maintain the normal of popu Nation are in reality absolutely Inade- quate because a large percentage of chil dren perish before reaching the stage of reproduction la their turn Among twothirds of the French lies the average number of children does not exceed three and even that does not suffice to maintain the standard This years returns deaths 19000 In excess of births Sociologists studying these figures In their quest after the secret cause have discovered H in the strangest of all anomalies Upon France nearly a after his terrible activities ceased IB their ex ercise rests the crushing curse of her come being the that chew worshIped Napoleon jam century ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ GETTING WHAT READY FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN I IVIEI NS capitol I would Just send for the legisla- ture and the majority would came to ray teem Frythefnt Letter In Ms conduct of the national campaign- of 1SSS Quay acted on just such lines He did not go to the manufacturers he just sent for them and they responded with some exceptions The exceptions brought out the famous Fester frythefat let ter Foster was the bead of a Republican Club League and he advised that the fat be fried out of the men who had profited by overprotection and who refused to contribute to the campaign expenses It was plainly a threat to reduce the tariff at the next meeting of Congress if more money were not sent in The threat was effective Lad Fester had nothing mere to say about fatfrying during rest of the campaign At the Democratic national headquar ters it was all uphill work There was little money except what was contributed men who assisted him in the manage- ment of the campaign The general alarm about a sweeping reduction of the tariff kept the headquarters treasury almost empty daring the campaign Mr Brice worked hard every days but It was evi dent from the beginning that he was net hopeful He and other friends of Presi dent Cleveland evidently believed that Clevelands tariff measure was too strong and that the manufacturing Interests of country were not prepared for such quick action as the message indicated Brine did his best by sending out great quantities of literature to show that nothing revolutionary was intended but it was too late Clevelands defeat in 1SSS was chiefly to the tariff message but there were other contributing causes It has been charged that Tammany Hall be trayed him at the polls Gov who i was then a Tammaay favorite was re elected by a majority ef fa171 while Cleveland lost New York State by ma 1 M the by Cot Brice and a few outer wealthy the due a lority Hilt ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ Tariff Causes Defeat Cob A K Hectare in his book on Our Presidents referring to the campaign of ISS said Cleveland lost the election In 1SS8 by his message making the tariff question the sole issue before the coun- try I saw Mm on Saturday night before the meeting of Congress and with Speak- er Carlisle earnestly urged him to modi fy the message Carlisle was quite as positive as I was in assuring him that K would result In disaster to himself and his administration His answer was that possibly we were right but that it was duty that should be performed and he might fan he believed that the country would vindicate him at an early day He was a man who gave very se rious thought to his official dutie per formed them with great fidelity and whn convinced as to his duty none could persuade him from his purpose He certainly knew when he sent his tariff message to Congress against the advice of nearly all of those upon whose political judgment be most depended that he Invited political disaster I met him frequently during the contest of 1SSS and while he hoped he might be reelected he was not confident At the national headquarters the same lack of confidence prevailed Mr Brice and his assistants declared occasionally that Clevelands reelection was certain but It was evident that they were whis Ding to keep up their courage There was no great surprise therefore when on election night the returns showed that Harrison was elected and had carried New York State It may be mentioned here that notwithstanding tarot message and the alleged perfidy of Tam many Cleveland carried the country by nearly 100000 popular majority but the electoral vote of New York lost him the Presidency Election la 1S82 In 1S3 Harrison and Cleveland were both renomInated Senator Carter of Montana directed Harrisons campaign and William F Harrtty of PhUadelpnla had charge of the Democratic headquar- ters Carter Quay conducted a silent campaign with the assistance of Lemuel E Qclgg while Harrity made o strong and open fight for the Democratic can In four years public opinion had greatly changed In regard to tariff re form It had become evident that Mr Cleveland was not a revolutionist and business men In New York City and else where organized clubs to support him Among these Were clubs made up of H a while top like date ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ Per how shall she remain supreme In art retain her colonies or even stay strong eaeugh to keep her acres from fol lowing Alsace and Lorraine Into some hungry foreign maw unless she produce the babes who in the darkening future are destined to be herself The France of today beholds herself weak she sees the France of tomorrow weaker but the France of the future she sees unborn It needed a startling sermon from the Hps of the American who Instantly com mands the attention of civilized peoples- te direct public scrutiny to the national evasion of racial duty and what with the toads drawing advantages of re- sources and government its allurement of the best populations the Old World has still to spare suffices to maintain a growth that remains the envy of the With France only the bare figures and the abortive remedies proposed have edged beyond the reserve of a people unanimous la their endeavor to conceal their recreancy But that has been enough Confessed before the world brilliant audacious economical prudent France stands exposed in the nakedness of its cradles furnished with all the essentials ef a powerfully developing race from layettes te nourishment unfurnished with that one essential which is indispensable the baby line a Foe at Her Door And always at her very door thrives the dreaded menace of the ancient and steadily expanding foe Germany The land of the Raiser takes In her statistics of population a pride equal to the humili- ation with which France contemplates hers She announces them with haughty superiority The German empire at the time of Its formation had 401000000 Inhabitants France at the time had between 3SOOOOO and JVKXMW a difference which for all practical purposes was actual equality IB 1S85 the population of Germany had Increased to more than 60000000 At the beginning of 1997 it had reached filSOO000 In the afteen years between 1830 and 1905 Germany added to her population 11000000 human beings France within the same period had advanced only a puny million The Ger- man ratio of increase was more than a dozen times that of the French New the German empire has 21000000 mere than France an advance of 0 per cent A dozen yean and the relative rates of increase will have given Germany preponderance amounting to 39000000 perhaps more than that for the French net total of population now made public shows that the deaths are at loot coming to exceed the births that the like a plant for years able to maintain barely its oriteal numbers Is dying out with the generation that was originally too weak to Increase and thrive A little farther on the German pub Heists boast say twentyfive years na- tions bare a nation ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ members of the stock exchange the pro daee exchange and men representing the Interests generally Mr Cleveland did not recede a step from his tariff measure of 1SS7 on the contrary In his public utterances he stood by every word of It Tariff reform was understood In New York and other States The McKlniey act of 1H showed tile people what high protection meant Increased cost of nearly every cessity of living and no profit to any body except manufacturers The tariff scare disappeared entirely and although Mr Cleveland had been out of office for four years and nearly all the New York polittctans were against Mm he was arUtr renomloated Harrtty conducted a strictly educational campaign Money did not figure In it to any great extent He sent out large quantities at documents the purpose of which was to show that the business men bust theo the I lie Land Is Drained of Men Creating an empire by a series of con- flicts which drained the land all the strongest virility that remained to It after the sensualities of Its nobles and the op presslOQ of its peasants he sought te perpetuate H by plagiarizing from Moa teequleu an idea of government which was destined to deprive the f the warriors they needed to hold la subjection the kingdoms they had acquired It was as though rounded ap a den of tigers he had planned to reduce number of of conquerors very tile leevtt boy having ¬ were in favor of Cleveland and that he safe and conservative Carter the Republican manager tried to get large contributions from our In- fant industries but the Infants dM not answer so readily as they did In MSS Sun Carter aever eoapialned f lack of money Harrtty nor Carter was well known ia New York The former had managed a campaign In Philadelphia which resulted in the election of Robert E Pattteoa a Democrat as governor of Pennsylvania Carter was a friend of Harrison and was a conepfcu- os figure m Montana politics but whoa he appeared in New York the newspapers paid more attention to his whiskers than to his political abtnty White the campaign was In progress there were numbers of labor strikes sad these were attributed to Ute McKialey tariff bill which added protection to the manufacturers without increasing wages was Neither personal ¬ keepers until none should be left to wield the whip of government Into the fundamental law of France he injected the reQttlreEaeat of a division of the property of the parents at death among all their children It seemed te mean complete equality of aH in the family In their start ia the race for for- tune The rest effect became apparent within two generations A paternal inheritance sufficient for one heir was poverty far many heirs Tne couple who eotrtd dis- cern no reasonable of acquiring a great fortune hastened to economize In the number of children who under the law must divide the Httle they had The shortsighted law of Napoleon still stands crushing the population with the dread of children left to starve while the dowry system lends it an everpresent handicap But that is not aH French taxes fan heaviest en the parents of large farrtttes tram the house tax winch makes it costly for a man te have a nu- merous progeny t all the Indirect taxc which France has been to astute In con- triving Under laws such as these It Is not nec- essarily French nature that abstains trout the luxury of the wenfitted cradle It Is simply human nature that eannot See safety in numbers And the children who are born how they die oft te France Throughout the land government and philan- thropy are uniting now in the desperate endeavor to preserve to nation the babies that the luck to get born at aIL In Paris throughout the provinces the Consultations de N orriMoas are engaged In furnishing sterilized Dk te poor moth ers and more than that striving byex pert medical advice te teach those moth- ers low essential it is that their babies mast have their mothers own milk as nature planned when Cain and Abel came Into the world Wonderful revolts have been obtained Ten years ago to Paris the Infant death rate host stomach traatte ran as high as- SB a week at the clinic Taraler out of a varying of babies ranging from 90 to 11 sot common nHrnent Infant Mortality Reduced hope the have ORe has died of im- mediately wince attendance the ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ The general rate f Infest mortality throughout France is Being marvelously changed through these consaltatjoes as they re called At Avaltoc prior to their eateWMMMBt 1M babies set of 1669 perished At Ragny it has dropped from 7 per XIM to 27 at PentswYeone from E8 to tt at Mercy trout M to nose at DIe neaa from A to at Mooetean frost 74 to neat at St Bite from UK te nine tad at Augy trout K8 te none This is indeed saving the children for the mothers property helped and Instruct Ute deaths are it per leeo now only tone of employes The most notable of these strikes was that ef Homestead at Ute Carnegie works which hindered greatly the Republican national and State tickets Harrtty took advantage ef every situa- tion and brought te the support of the Democratic national ticket a large propor tint ef the vote of both bvahteM men and laborers Cleveland carried the country by ITT electoral votes te 1 for Harrison sad he the peptrtar vote Cleveland had SJSMM to U7MM Cleveland and Jackson are the only Preeleeatial candidates in the history of tbe republic who made three consecutive conteMc carried a popular plurality or majority each time and In- creased K at each s ec a lv contest Each was defeated In bottle but re- ceived a larger popular vote than the soc OMeftjl competitor The first Bryan campaign la 13W did foregone conctuslea that he would be de not ittereet York K a one New because was ¬ ¬ ¬ BIRDSEYE VIEW OF NEW BRITISH SEAPORT NEW A OPENZ1 l5YHtNtEl7WAXD I J DOtcites rxaarvrsnG 11 l Once born the good old unfailing ma ternal Instinct defies all the laws of race destruction that eves a Napoleon could graft upon the body social But It is not enough Although the whole 8000 babies be saved that can be saved according to recent estimates the cure for the Franca decadence must op erate with parenthood not with Infancy Deputy Messlmy bas Just risen In the Chamber of Deputies to propose that the French people may not die out these measures L Freedom from all direct taxation for families having more than three children 2 State aid In every possible way in the prevention of Infant mortality wher ever the mortality Is due to the poverty or the Ignorance of parents 3 Imitation of the United States In making it easy for foreigners to acquire the fcU advantage of citizenship But there is no word of abolishing the laws of testamentary division of and If there were who shall say that a nation already legalized penalized and devitalized Into abdication of the highest and the highest duty of humanity possesses the powers to regen- erate Itself French statistics show some features comparable to those observable In the United States Thus in Pennsylvania where vital statistics have Just been col lected race suicide clone is not the CUM of the diminution of the birth rate It is the large factor but the entrance of women into business tailings tends to make them Independent of marriage and to delay many unions with consequent less to the growth of population The average age at which Pennsylvania half remarkabbly late time of Mfe The result Is that onethird of first born children In Pennsylvania come of mothers who are mere than twentyfive years old This condition of affairs is markedly In evidence In France where marriages of reason marriages where the contracting parties are of an age to have no hope of progeny figure largely in the number of fortunes that are joined In matrimony From such unions the na lion reaps no gain in citizenry whatever The parties are occupied with their own comfort exclusively ed are only too eager to preserve them women marry Is now twentyfour and yearsa prop- erty a ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ nee that in the United States the Average marriage age is being- s t so near to the age of the marriage of reason that the universe hope of chil- dren is growing smaller In Prance n large percentage contract the marriage of reason at the ages when the hope offspring cannot exist at all la England the other great nation now nest poignantly anxious over the credits that do not hold their aecastcmed bur- dens tbe growth of Germany adding notions ante millions Is regarded with an uneasiness only a little less acute than that of France Great Britains new found friend and ally For months recently a The dtlye Is I of parliamentary ¬ ¬ feated He delivered his speech of at Madison Square Garden and The chair- man of his national committee Senator James K Jones of Arkansas established his headquarters at Chicago There was not even a regular branch headquarters ia New York A kind of bosfewhaeking concert was established at the Hotel Bar th WL presided ever by W P St John who had been a rational bank president and Elliot Danforth who was supposed- to look after the campaign New York Mr St John was an ardent advocate of free sliver coinage before Bryan made it the great Issue of the campaign Nobody doubted his sincerity He died soon after Bryans defeat Danforth Tnftes Charge the JSte1 ratio nor for the Chicago platform and undertook the management- of the campaign in this State He was Taller of American declared that New York was country In Danterth did care particularly for kt always ac- ceptance Is La speech the enemy s not he was regular cheerfully the Mark politics ¬ ¬ When the newspaper reporters on always told them Ms the Democratic and State tickets were getting He never gave out figures but he said that from his reports everything looked bright He had a keen sense of burner and one day when the reporters on him he remarked that he had but that he would try to think up a story for them in ten or fifteen minutes He thought for ten minutes and then said You cnn look through my oaf and use anything yen find to make up an article There were about twenty on Ms table and after going the reporters found that there was nothing whatever of Interest excepting a few one dollar bills that had been seat as cam- paign contributions After the election 3Ir Danforth declared that if the cam- paign had lasted a month longer McKln jays majority In New York State would have been reduced to less than 3691600 call him nUn call letter Hanna Busy Marl ¬ ¬ In ISb the Republican headquarters were in the Metropolitan Life Building with branch In Chicago Mark Hanna looked after bout Most of his time was spent ta Chicago but he kept a close personal supervision ever the New York headquarters His chief assistants In New York were Senator Nathan B Scott of West Virginia and Cornelius N Bliss of this Senator Quay often came In to advice There was no ques tion about tariff reform then It was alto- gether a campaign and New York was practically solid Ion the gold standard Hanna never bad any doubt about the result after the soundmoney parade In wbiai there were nearly as many Dem- ocrats as Republicans He was so sure that two weeks before the election he made arrangements for a dinner at the Waldorf Hotel for the New York and Chicago political reporters at which they were to receive gold medals as em blematic of the gold standard campaign surmounted by brooms indicating the general sweep which he expected The dinner came off an right and the medals were handed nftind by Hannas personal representative afterward assistant body present made a speech lug Medals Were Plated A short afterward one of the newspaper men who was a chemist be- fore he went on the staff of a Chicago newspaper discovered that the gold standard medals were made of sliver and when he published Ms discovery it a laugh throughout the himself had a good He appreciated the humor of the thing that silver with gold washing had been as emblems of a cit Per Heat ever cued count mea a silver Hanna time camnalen arsinet ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ McKinley was elected by a large elec- toral and popular majority and carried even New York City In 1SOO Bryan and McKlniey were re nominated the former at Kansas City the latter at Philadelphia It appeared to the Democrats that there was a chance of Bryans election because the Kansas City platform did not make the free coin age of sliver a paramount Issue Bryan himself went la for Imperialism as the great Issue and tried to keep 18 to 1 In the background It was clear however that he hope of carrying New Senator manager ct aa York lon bad no r ¬ ¬ committee sat In London testi- mony on the subject of Infant Insurance while the registrar general for London what has been as an appalling list of child for Infants under twelve the past year Privation In London coroners and many persons holding no official position found In the widely practiced plan of babies an Incentive to neglect cruel ty and an instigation to Infanticide too for many poor parents to with The testimony the Parliamentary committee has out the charges of deliberate infanticide it did dem- onstrate afresh the shocking conditions of privation under which a large of the Infant population is brought Into the world and allowed to struggle on ward toward sickly maturity And the registrar generals Sgurea for J 7 showed that weakness in propagation Character itic of France is slowing Itself to aa terming extent In England and In Wales the birth rate is the has been reeerdedactuatly lees than threequarters f rate maintained thirty years ago It is greatest te the althea bet It exists In the country districts to aa extent and ciently notable to be aJarming The estimated population of England and Wales is 3196891 The births num- bered 9176JS or 2GJ a thousand which is S a thousand below the rate of 13 and the lowest rate of any year on record Births la London were S68 a thousand for was established Calculated on population the fan in the Lon- don birth rate the last thirtyseven years amounts cent Agriculture withering like a blighted field of grain has dwindled until the stout yeomanry ef England with their rising families of rosy muscular children have passed away In the country Instead yeomans fertile acres stretch the hunting parks of the landlords In the starving descendants rte mot lug tempt bore a The the year ton dung o- ft of to taking England but propor- tion the the lowest rate since civil regls the city lounge the farmers who bad flee their fields ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ to escape starva They saved themselves in some half hungry fashion But their childrens chil palttd anemic and vicious their miserable tarn Already the of these children are TefraHiia or to the harsh misfortune pay the penalty ef their imprudence ta early use less death What the French statesmen ask te to become of France with none to defend her What the English ask themselves is to become of the empire with none to bold It And Germany looks amfHag at her dPI In ere in their day mannersare stirring born con- senting them- selves nAwae waAle ¬ ¬ he was la 3SS6L came to this city once in a while but there was no Democratic national headquarters here Richard Critter had a private headquarters at the Hoffman House and James K the State campaign for State ticket m Sc James BoMtag Croker every day to the reporters talk Bryan Mr McGuire mode fight but be knew at the begfaatag that be elected and the only hint was Ute ale of Mc Kinteys majority and the poostbUity of saving the Democratic State ticket McCnire Dropped One day the newspapers published a re- port that the lets Frederick S Gibbs who was then one of Banal chief lieu- tenants at RaaabUcaa headquarters had offered to bet HM to that McKlniey would more than MMM majority the Bronx McGwire covered the the name of one of Me clerks GBs won At that time Mediae was the w rldngmen had beta elected mayor of that city times After the campaign of B60 out of polities and to the great astonishment of his tabor friends he entered the employ of one of the great trusts and has steee traveled through the country as its agent Like many oth er conspicuous opponents of the socalled trusts Mr McGuire dropped his opposi- tion te the monopolies when he set out The campaign of J93J was Hanna along near ly the same lines aa in JS86L He had found that the soundmoney lane was a good thing and be stuck to K His cam- paign stators were Instructed to avoid the imperialism or tariff hence Ef were made to induce Mm to send literature promising at least a mild tariff but he did matter for a McKinley carried New York cUr ted tae Inured 3 KID ave a He a is and se- ver to Rep for redO mute the as Out SIN base n great favocne among ltsd been newsboy Syracuse make money the not by ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ Republican candidate for elected by above 111M plurality The events of the campaign of ISM are familiar to all who take aa interest in politics President Roosevelt placed at the head of the Republican National George B Cortelyou who selected the regular Republican headquarters in he Metropolitan Life Building Tom Indiana was made chairman Nations Oommltt and tbe Democratic headquarters was in Thirtyfourth street New York Every thing went along smoothly at Republican but there was continuous trouble In Thirtyfourth street Taggart was chairman of the national committee and was popular personally bet he was supervised by August Belmont Delaney NlcoU and ether New York who distrusted Mm The resale was what potttfefaBS coil a grand mixup Nobody seemed to be responsible for anything at the and to tads great measure Judge Parkers defeat The English verttsentent boarding tttgJioa is dis- played a pester announcing a public meeting GeerifeIs time gaaae tt yea pofly tickle tackier BiHie Meaoes whats It aat shoot anyway GeenHeMaaywi BillleOh the S Geordie Na Bins newt te de wit supersets its yen son yea vote BOHeNe maMMr r we Geordie hinay Aa canna eoneretajC ttooo Geordle Wed Iwory Motmaa laddie is te bet a baHy thou nfcelf Lets OeD Tag Mare an ad See rUe BID wheimfng majority and B B yr Com- mittee men fact may Language Fr tantnwd Boa Two Durham pitmen stet near Its ¬ ¬ ¬ He Required Time Item HBprf W eOr Just before Stark Twains daughter Miss Clara Clemens sailed for she attended a reception at wMok she me of the friends of her HarUovd child hood who had been a very smell boy bat had grown to be an aaemaMy tan man Thinking that Mark might not remember the friend site said to her father You remember Tom Jones father T remember pert of Wm peering up at Jones but it me it take a week to remember all of hfcn t- one reP rope gould A ¬
Transcript of I WHEN THE CRADLE IS EMPTY NATIONS BEGIN TO...
I THE WASm1iGTOli HERALD SUliDAY 1ULY 19 1908 Q
WHEN THE CRADLE IS EMPTY BEGIN TO FEARr NATIONS IAlarm Felt in France and England Over the Low
ering Birth Rate Comparison with Growthof the Population in Germany
Within tHe short period of five years the scornful pity vouchsafedby Europes leading nations to the United States for this countrysneglect of the prime duty of a people race changed-to a sudden desperate searching of hearts and statistics on their ownaccount
It is no longer The shameful race suicide of the Americans Itis Why are our own cradles empty
empty cradle In teeming Europe that vacant nest is nowappalling governments while whole peoples stand aghast at dwindlingnumbers even as a generation ago stood dismayed in the presenceof too many
Germany alone sees her cradles full She stands a growing giantzmong neighbors who dread her in the process of their dwindling
Russia amid the smoldering fires of her smoldering revinnumerable born and perish Her accumu
lated millions take no census of them beyond the surmise that theyvanish as the herds do from the steppes Where there is too little foodthere is ever too little life
Italy in the south perceives her children born and sees the cradlerobbed by disease that ample nourishment could amply balk
England from having taken huge pride in her virtue as a welcomparent is out in horror of infanticide and is questioning in
fant insurance as though it were a babedevouring yet hertrue weakness is identical with thatFrance is held up by her own legislators in her own eyes as thehorrible example out of all the world in race suicideIs to be a childless or a Teutonic Europe
propagationhas
olutionsees¬
¬
¬
¬
rest tfetrocs axwraUtd Heo and women formad put ntoflcmd ttnsU tmrd
M a with atsttafuc ZRoiled piththis cmuciau csriotitr tktr beat oat Motherwitheater
It K tile sued Drrjfej mjtijj beet uuufaatadr
the left It ntW to tfco BO
to ionfrauy eeted
I did not tarnTW-
itriktos read
There we beheld the whit H bias Partshd to
It n a ml Prtoi tljy Ftaea the of
Frenchmen of today perceive no exag-geration in that graphic sketch of theImaginary future They read It and re-
marked thoughtfullyIt is possible perhaps even probable
Publication of the vital statistics of thenation during 07 has left France worse
the thematte reps
lob Iairc to to
I akM tilerpgq tTrwrw doe
of lit lietIoa that cog fud step
I dsg u dborr JIbsink the euote
mz I fasted say YJ iDte the of aIUbed oawu1 to
the ra7 does ef tUaired
fAmsls
their aieaehed 1 ht the
meeakr lateler beaks me-Be Lett hat tit nee rls wth
ism washad him a
lour abdeGessee sutler
bad eea use K1Sd1iaJ
hurt Rvep et-lmtrvopo sales wts oehe1sa
ediaaaa
fo ted seePre e
PLUispt
¬
The regular work of Presidentialcampaign win begin next month In thelast twenty years the leaders of boththe Republican and Democratic pattieshave given their attention In June andthe first week of July to the conventionsthou they took a rest and BO move wasmade to open headquarters until AugustIt win be the same tills year says awriter In the New York Evening PstEven In August there Is little heavy
Week The office forces at theheadquarters are organized campaignplans are discussed and campaign literature Is outlined but the managers donot settle down to their regular dailybusiness tilt September They have dis-covered that voters cannot get enthusi-astic over poHtlcs in the dog days andhave no inclination to listen to the spell-binders who pent with pride and
view with alarmSince the ClevelandBlaine contest of
ISSi the national headquarters have beenmanaged on a strictly business basissomething like a department store Oneman looks aster the literature bureauanother gives the orators their assign-ments and others give their attention tocampaign funds the distribution of moneyto the various States and other mattersof importance in national campaigns Under each head of department there aremany employes and it has been necessaryto rent a whole building or a floor in anoffice building or hotel to accommodatethe managers and their staffs In recentyears
In 1SS8 when Cleveland and Harrisonwere the opposing candidates the
headquarters were in Twentynrothstreet near Broadway Calvin S Briceafterward United States Senator fromOhio was in charge Senator Quay di-
rected the Republican campaign In ahouse in Fifth avenue below Twentythird street The paramount Issue of that
the
H
cam-paign
i Demo-cratic
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campaign was tarns reionn airbad In fact made It the sole Issue
by to Congress In ImoQuay and Dudley
As consequence the men who controlled our infant industries especiallythose In Pennsylvania were soUdiyrayed against Cleveland Quays taskwas therefore not a bard one There wasno lack of money at his headquartersFunds poured in from Pennsylvania NewYork and other States from the overprotected manufacturers and the money
used in the most effective way In thedoubtful States It was a silent cam-paign so far as the Republican nationalheadquarters was concerned QUILTS chiefassistant was Col Dudley of Indianawho was Harrisons personal representa-tive Dudley was the author of the famous Nocks of five letter to the countychairman in Indiana In this letter he Instructed the chairman to divide float-ers Into blocks of five and to thatthey went to the pods and voted Therewas no mention of money In this letterbut It was presumed that the floaterswere to be paid for their votes A copyof the letter fell Into the bands of theDemocratic National Committee and Itwas published in some New York news-papers
When Quay was asked whether the letter was authorized by him he would giveneither aa aSrmattoa nor denial Soonafterward Dudley brought suits for libelagainst the newspapers that published theletter but the suits never reached courtalthough the newspapers did everythingpossible to obtain a judicial decision
was simply blufang and therewas no doubt whatever that the floaterdocument was genuine Dudley did notappear at the Republican national head-quarters afterward
As a political manager Quay was emi-nently successful In New York and Wash-ington as he was In Pennsylvania Herarely talked for publication and nevergave out typewritten statements One ofthe longest Interviews with him was ob-tained by the writer in Philadelphia whenhe was State treasurer and boss of theState At that time It was reportedthat Quay had been lobbying at Harris-burg for some measure In the interest ofthe Pennsylvania Railroad find had beenbuttonholing legislators at the CapitolWhen he was questioned about this repport he smiled and answered Youngfellow you must be a green or youwould know that if I wanted the legisla-tor to do anything I not go to the
Cleve-land
his
are
see
a
Dudley
one
would
message
a
was
e
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than worried She is despairing says thePhiladelphia North American
There were only Tff OO births last yearThere were 793600 deaths For sevenyears the French birth rate has decreased
In JS97 it decreased a0H nearly threetimes as many
Within a century the births in theFrench nation have fallen from U978M ayear to less than threefourths the ratethat let her conquer Europe
Proud of liar PositionFrance gazes at her Paris with Its lash
lent that dominate the world its artwhich gives the tone te oK judgments ofthe beautiful its saturnalia ofand of wit France gazes her prov-inces with their shrewdly tilled acreageand their comfortable wealth Francegazes abroad at her possessions aadFrance winces In apprehension amid everyglance of pride
at the rate of n800 IL year
atUalsoil
¬
henee the German population wilt bodouble that of France for every passingyear the figures of population change tothe greater advantage of the German emplre
Lack of Soldiers FeltIn France they declare with all
truth there Is a remarkable lack ofsoldiers and laborers Although the re-quirements of the military service havebeen considerably modified from time totime It is increasingly difficult to nil theregular quota of tile army on a peacefooting In a few years it will be whollyimpossible
Only that nation whose population Ison the Increase will be able in decades-to to HId its own In the universalcompetition for political and economicalInfluence
The analysis of French society lastmade upon the heals of the exact countof the population as SS 5078S af-forded some striking hints of the causesthat are operating fer the elimination ofthe French from among the worlds peoplea
Females are markedly In excess ofmales numbering 12K3SM as against1SS16SS Widows and divorced womenconstitute an army of 2CS87 divorcedmen and widowers are less than halt thenumber only lOEJSi
There are 9781117 families but 1314733of those families are without childrenwhile 2 4987 have bat one child and5818655 have two apparentlysufficient to maintain the normal of popuNation are in reality absolutely Inade-quate because a large percentage of children perish before reaching the stage ofreproduction la their turn
Among twothirds of the Frenchlies the average number of children doesnot exceed three and even that does notsuffice to maintain the standard Thisyears returns deaths 19000 In excessof births
Sociologists studying these figures Intheir quest after the secret cause havediscovered H in the strangest of allanomalies
Upon France nearly a afterhis terrible activities ceased IB their exercise rests the crushing curse of her
come
being
the that
chew
worshIped Napoleon
jam
century
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GETTINGWHAT READY FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGNI IVIEI NScapitol I would Just send for the legisla-ture and the majority would came to rayteem
Frythefnt LetterIn Ms conduct of the national campaign-
of 1SSS Quay acted on just such lines Hedid not go to the manufacturers he justsent for them and they responded withsome exceptions The exceptions broughtout the famous Fester frythefat letter Foster was the bead of a RepublicanClub League and he advised that the fatbe fried out of the men who had profitedby overprotection and who refused tocontribute to the campaign expenses Itwas plainly a threat to reduce the tariffat the next meeting of Congress if moremoney were not sent in The threat waseffective Lad Fester had nothing mere tosay about fatfrying during rest ofthe campaign
At the Democratic national headquarters it was all uphill work There waslittle money except what was contributedmen who assisted him in the manage-ment of the campaign The general alarmabout a sweeping reduction of the tariffkept the headquarters treasury almostempty daring the campaign Mr Briceworked hard every days but It was evident from the beginning that he was nethopeful He and other friends of President Cleveland evidently believed thatClevelands tariff measure was too strongand that the manufacturing Interests ofcountry were not prepared for suchquick action as the message indicatedBrine did his best by sending out greatquantities of literature to show thatnothing revolutionary was intended butit was too late
Clevelands defeat in 1SSS waschiefly to the tariff message but therewere other contributing causes It hasbeen charged that Tammany Hall betrayed him at the polls Gov who iwas then a Tammaay favorite was reelected by a majority ef fa171 whileCleveland lost New York State by ma 1
M
the
by Cot Brice and a few outer wealthy
the
due
alority
Hilt
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Tariff Causes DefeatCob A K Hectare in his book on Our
Presidents referring to the campaign ofISS said Cleveland lost the election In1SS8 by his message making the tariffquestion the sole issue before the coun-try I saw Mm on Saturday night beforethe meeting of Congress and with Speak-er Carlisle earnestly urged him to modify the message Carlisle was quite aspositive as I was in assuring him thatK would result In disaster to himself andhis administration His answer was thatpossibly we were right but that it wasduty that should be performed and
he might fan he believed that thecountry would vindicate him at an earlyday He was a man who gave very serious thought to his official dutie performed them with great fidelity andwhn convinced as to his duty none couldpersuade him from his purpose
He certainly knew when he sent histariff message to Congress against theadvice of nearly all of those upon whosepolitical judgment be most depended thathe Invited political disaster I met himfrequently during the contest of 1SSS andwhile he hoped he might be reelected hewas not confidentAt the national headquarters the samelack of confidence prevailed Mr Briceand his assistants declared occasionally
that Clevelands reelection was certainbut It was evident that they were whisDing to keep up their courage There wasno great surprise therefore when onelection night the returns showed thatHarrison was elected and had carriedNew York State It may be mentionedhere that notwithstanding tarotmessage and the alleged perfidy of Tammany Cleveland carried the country bynearly 100000 popular majority but theelectoral vote of New York lost him thePresidency
Election la 1S82In 1S3 Harrison and Cleveland were
both renomInated Senator Carter ofMontana directed Harrisons campaignand William F Harrtty of PhUadelpnlahad charge of the Democratic headquar-ters Carter Quay conducted a silentcampaign with the assistance of LemuelE Qclgg while Harrity made o strongand open fight for the Democratic can
In four years public opinion hadgreatly changed In regard to tariff reform It had become evident that MrCleveland was not a revolutionist andbusiness men In New York City and elsewhere organized clubs to support himAmong these Were clubs made up of
H
awhile
top
like
date
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Per how shall she remain supreme Inart retain her colonies or even staystrong eaeugh to keep her acres from following Alsace and Lorraine Into somehungry foreign maw unless she producethe babes who in the darkening futureare destined to be herself
The France of today beholds herselfweak she sees the France of tomorrowweaker but the France of the future shesees unborn
It needed a startling sermon from theHps of the American who Instantly commands the attention of civilized peoples-te direct public scrutiny to the nationalevasion of racial duty and what withthe toads drawing advantages of re-sources and government its allurement ofthe best populations the Old World hasstill to spare suffices to maintain agrowth that remains the envy of the
With France only the bare figures andthe abortive remedies proposed haveedged beyond the reserve of a peopleunanimous la their endeavor to concealtheir recreancy But that has been enough
Confessed before the world brilliantaudacious economical prudent Francestands exposed in the nakedness of itscradles furnished with all the essentialsef a powerfully developing race fromlayettes te nourishment unfurnished withthat one essential which is indispensablethe baby
line a Foe at Her DoorAnd always at her very door thrives
the dreaded menace of the ancient andsteadily expanding foe Germany Theland of the Raiser takes In her statisticsof population a pride equal to the humili-ation with which France contemplateshers She announces them with haughtysuperiority
The German empire at the time of Itsformation had 401000000 InhabitantsFrance at the time had between 3SOOOOOand JVKXMW a difference which for allpractical purposes was actual equality
IB 1S85 the population of Germany hadIncreased to more than 60000000 At thebeginning of 1997 it had reached filSOO000In the afteen years between 1830 and 1905Germany added to her population 11000000human beings
France within the same period hadadvanced only a puny million The Ger-man ratio of increase was more than adozen times that of the French
New the German empire has 21000000mere than France an advance of 0 percent A dozen yean and the relativerates of increase will have given Germany
preponderance amounting to 39000000perhaps more than that for the Frenchnet total of population now made publicshows that the deaths are at loot comingto exceed the births that the likea plant for years able to maintain barelyits oriteal numbers Is dying out withthe generation that was originally tooweak to Increase and thrive
A little farther on the German pubHeists boast say twentyfive years
na-tions
bare
a
nation
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members of the stock exchange the prodaee exchange and men representing the
Interests generallyMr Cleveland did not recede a step
from his tariff measure of 1SS7 on thecontrary In his public utterances hestood by every word of It Tariff reformwas understood In New York andother States The McKlniey act of 1Hshowed tile people what high protectionmeant Increased cost of nearly everycessity of living and no profit to anybody except manufacturers The tariffscare disappeared entirely and althoughMr Cleveland had been out of office forfour years and nearly all the New Yorkpolittctans were against Mm he wasarUtr renomloated
Harrtty conducted a strictly educationalcampaign Money did not figure In it toany great extent He sent out largequantities at documents the purpose ofwhich was to show that the business men
bust
theo
the
I
lie
Land Is Drained of MenCreating an empire by a series of con-
flicts which drained the land all thestrongest virility that remained to It afterthe sensualities of Its nobles and the oppresslOQ of its peasants he sought teperpetuate H by plagiarizing from Moateequleu an idea of government whichwas destined to deprive the
f the warriors theyneeded to hold la subjection the kingdomsthey had acquired It was as though
rounded ap a den of tigers hehad planned to reduce number of
of
conquerors very
tile
leevtt boy
having
¬
were in favor of Cleveland and that hesafe and conservative
Carter the Republican manager triedto get large contributions from our In-
fant industries but the Infants dMnot answer so readily as they did In MSSSun Carter aever eoapialned f lack ofmoney Harrtty nor Carter waswell known ia New York The formerhad managed a campaign In Philadelphiawhich resulted in the election of RobertE Pattteoa a Democrat as governor ofPennsylvania Carter was afriend of Harrison and was a conepfcu-os figure m Montana politics but whoa
he appeared in New York the newspaperspaid more attention to his whiskers thanto his political abtnty
White the campaign was In progressthere were numbers of labor strikes sadthese were attributed to Ute McKialeytariff bill which added protection to themanufacturers without increasing wages
was
Neither
personal
¬
keepers until none should be left to wieldthe whip of government
Into the fundamental law of France heinjected the reQttlreEaeat of a division ofthe property of the parents at deathamong all their children It seemed temean complete equality of aH in thefamily In their start ia the race for for-tune
The rest effect became apparent withintwo generations A paternal inheritancesufficient for one heir was poverty farmany heirs Tne couple who eotrtd dis-cern no reasonable of acquiring agreat fortune hastened to economize Inthe number of children who under thelaw must divide the Httle they had
The shortsighted law of Napoleon stillstands crushing the population with thedread of children left to starve while thedowry system lends it an everpresenthandicap
But that is not aH French taxes fanheaviest en the parents of large farrtttestram the house tax winch makes it
costly for a man te have a nu-merous progeny t all the Indirect taxcwhich France has been to astute In con-triving
Under laws such as these It Is not nec-essarily French nature that abstains troutthe luxury of the wenfitted cradle It Issimply human nature that eannot Seesafety in numbers
And the children who are born howthey die oft te France Throughout theland government and philan-thropy are uniting now in the desperateendeavor to preserve to nation thebabies that the luck to get born ataIL
In Paris throughout the provinces theConsultations de N orriMoas are engagedIn furnishing sterilized Dk te poor mothers and more than that striving byexpert medical advice te teach those moth-ers low essential it is that their babiesmast have their mothers own milk asnature planned when Cain and Abel cameInto the world
Wonderful revolts have been obtainedTen years ago to Paris the Infant deathrate host stomach traatte ran as high as-SB a week at the clinic Taraler out of avarying of babies rangingfrom 90 to 11 sotcommon nHrnent
Infant Mortality Reduced
hope
thehave
ORe has died of
im-mediately
wince
attendancethe
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The general rate f Infest mortalitythroughout France is Being marvelouslychanged through these consaltatjoesas they re called At Avaltoc prior totheir eateWMMMBt 1M babies set of 1669perished
At Ragny it has dropped from 7 perXIM to 27 at PentswYeone from E8to tt at Mercy trout M to nose at DIeneaa from A to at Mooetean frost74 to neat at St Bite from UK te ninetad at Augy trout K8 te none
This is indeed saving the children forthe mothers property helped and Instruct
Ute deaths are it perleeo
now only
tone
of employes The most notable of thesestrikes was that ef Homestead at UteCarnegie works which hindered greatlythe Republican national and State ticketsHarrtty took advantage ef every situa-tion and brought te the support of theDemocratic national ticket a large proportint ef the vote of both bvahteM men andlaborers Cleveland carried the countryby ITT electoral votes te 1 for Harrisonsad he the peptrtar vote Cleveland hadSJSMM to U7MM Cleveland and Jacksonare the only Preeleeatial candidates in thehistory of tbe republic who made threeconsecutive conteMc carried a popularplurality or majority each time and In-creased K at each s ec a lv contestEach was defeated In bottle but re-ceived a larger popular vote than the socOMeftjl competitor
The first Bryan campaign la 13W didforegone conctuslea that he would be denot ittereet York K a
one
New because was
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¬
BIRDSEYE VIEW OF NEW BRITISH SEAPORT
NEW A OPENZ1 l5YHtNtEl7WAXDI
JDOtcitesrxaarvrsnG
11
l
Once born the good old unfailing maternal Instinct defies all the laws of racedestruction that eves a Napoleon couldgraft upon the body social
But It is not enough Although thewhole 8000 babies be saved that can besaved according to recent estimates thecure for the Franca decadence must operate with parenthood not with Infancy
Deputy Messlmy bas Just risen In theChamber of Deputies to propose that theFrench people may not die out thesemeasures
L Freedom from all direct taxation forfamilies having more than three children
2 State aid In every possible way inthe prevention of Infant mortality wherever the mortality Is due to the povertyor the Ignorance of parents
3 Imitation of the United States Inmaking it easy for foreigners to acquirethe fcU advantage of citizenship
But there is no word of abolishing thelaws of testamentary division of
and If there were who shall saythat a nation already legalized penalizedand devitalized Into abdication of thehighest and the highest duty ofhumanity possesses the powers to regen-erate Itself
French statistics show some featurescomparable to those observable In theUnited States Thus in Pennsylvaniawhere vital statistics have Just been collected race suicide clone is not the CUMof the diminution of the birth rate It isthe large factor but the entrance ofwomen into business tailings tends tomake them Independent of marriage andto delay many unions with consequentless to the growth of population
The average age at which Pennsylvania
half remarkabbly late time ofMfe The result Is that onethird of firstborn children In Pennsylvania come ofmothers who are mere than twentyfiveyears old This condition of affairs ismarkedly In evidence In France wheremarriages of reason marriages wherethe contracting parties are of an age tohave no hope of progeny figure largelyin the number of fortunes that are joinedIn matrimony From such unions the nalion reaps no gain in citizenry whateverThe parties are occupied with their owncomfort exclusively
ed are only too eager to preserve them
women marry Is now twentyfour andyearsa
prop-erty
a
¬
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nee that in the UnitedStates the Average marriage age is being-s t so near to the age of the marriageof reason that the universe hope of chil-dren is growing smaller In Prance nlarge percentage contract the marriageof reason at the ages when the hopeoffspring cannot exist at all
la England the other great nation nownest poignantly anxious over the creditsthat do not hold their aecastcmed bur-dens tbe growth of Germany addingnotions ante millions Is regarded withan uneasiness only a little less acutethan that of France Great Britains newfound friend and ally
For months recently a
The dtlye Is I
of
parliamentary
¬
¬
feated He delivered his speech ofat Madison Square Garden and
The chair-man of his national committee SenatorJames K Jones of Arkansas establishedhis headquarters at Chicago There wasnot even a regular branch headquartersia New York A kind of bosfewhaekingconcert was established at the Hotel Barth WL presided ever by W P St Johnwho had been a rational bank presidentand Elliot Danforth who was supposed-to look after the campaign New YorkMr St John was an ardent advocate offree sliver coinage before Bryan made itthe great Issue of the campaign Nobodydoubted his sincerity He died soon afterBryans defeat
Danforth Tnftes Charge
the JSte1 ratio nor for the Chicagoplatformand undertook the management-of the campaign in this State He was
Taller of American
declared that New Yorkwas country
In
Danterth did care particularly for
kt always
ac-ceptanceIs La speech
the enemy s
not
he was regularcheerfully
the Mark politics
¬
¬
When the newspaper reporters onalways told them Msthe Democratic and
State tickets were gettingHe never gave out figures but he saidthat from his reports everything lookedbright He had a keen sense of burnerand one day when the reporters onhim he remarked that he hadbut that he would try to think up a storyfor them in ten or fifteen minutes Hethought for ten minutes and then saidYou cnn look through my oaf and use
anything yen find to make up an articleThere were about twenty on Ms
table and after going thereporters found that there was nothingwhatever of Interest excepting a few onedollar bills that had been seat as cam-paign contributions After the election3Ir Danforth declared that if the cam-paign had lasted a month longer McKlnjays majority In New York State wouldhave been reduced to less than 3691600
callhimnUn
call
letter
HannaBusy Marl
¬
¬
In ISb the Republican headquarterswere in the Metropolitan Life Buildingwith branch In Chicago Mark Hannalooked after bout Most of his time wasspent ta Chicago but he kept a closepersonal supervision ever the New Yorkheadquarters His chief assistants InNew York were Senator Nathan B Scottof West Virginia and Cornelius N Blissof this Senator Quay often came Into advice There was no question about tariff reform then It was alto-gether a campaign and NewYork was practically solid Ion the goldstandard
Hanna never bad any doubt about theresult after the soundmoney paradeIn wbiai there were nearly as many Dem-ocrats as Republicans He was so surethat two weeks before the election hemade arrangements for a dinner at theWaldorf Hotel for the New York andChicago political reporters at which theywere to receive gold medals as emblematic of the gold standard campaignsurmounted by brooms indicating thegeneral sweep which he expected Thedinner came off an right and the medalswere handed nftind by Hannas personalrepresentative afterwardassistantbody present made a speechlug
Medals Were PlatedA short afterward one of the
newspaper men who was a chemist be-fore he went on the staff of a Chicagonewspaper discovered that the goldstandard medals were made of sliverand when he published Ms discovery it
a laugh throughout thehimself had a good
He appreciated the humor of the thingthat silver with gold washinghad been as emblems of
a
cit
Per Heat ever
cued count
mea asilver
Hanna
time
camnalen arsinet
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McKinley was elected by a large elec-toral and popular majority and carriedeven New York City
In 1SOO Bryan and McKlniey were renominated the former at Kansas Citythe latter at Philadelphia It appeared tothe Democrats that there was a chanceof Bryans election because the KansasCity platform did not make the free coinage of sliver a paramount Issue Bryanhimself went la for Imperialism as thegreat Issue and tried to keep 18 to 1 Inthe backgroundIt was clear however that he
hope of carrying New Senatormanager ct aaYorklonbad no
r
¬
¬
committee sat In London testi-mony on the subject of Infant Insurancewhile the registrar general forLondon what has been as
an appalling list of child forInfants under twelve thepast year
Privation InLondon coroners and many persons
holding no official position found In thewidely practiced plan of babiesan Incentive to neglect cruelty and an instigation to Infanticide too
for many poor parents to with
The testimony the Parliamentarycommittee has out the chargesof deliberate infanticide it did dem-onstrate afresh the shocking conditionsof privation under which a large
of the Infant population is broughtInto the world and allowed to struggle onward toward sickly maturity And theregistrar generals Sgurea for J 7 showedthat weakness in propagation Character
itic of France is slowing Itself to aaterming extent In England andIn Wales the birth rate is thehas been reeerdedactuatly lees thanthreequarters f rate maintainedthirty years ago
It is greatest te the althea bet It existsIn the country districts to aa extent andciently notable to be aJarming
The estimated population of Englandand Wales is 3196891 The births num-bered 9176JS or 2GJ a thousand which is
S a thousand below the rate of 13 andthe lowest rate of any year on recordBirths la London were S68 a thousand for
was established Calculated onpopulation the fan in the Lon-
don birth rate the last thirtysevenyears amounts cent
Agriculture withering like a blightedfield of grain has dwindled until the stoutyeomanry ef England with their risingfamilies of rosy muscular children havepassed away In the country Instead
yeomans fertile acres stretch thehunting parks of the landlords In
the starving descendants
rtemot
lugtempt
bore
a
The
the year
tondung
o-ft
of to
taking
England
but
propor-tion
the
the lowest rate since civil regls
the city loungethe farmers who bad flee their fields
¬
¬
¬
¬
¬
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¬
to escape starvaThey saved themselves in some half
hungry fashion But their childrens chilpalttd anemic and vicious
their miserable tarnAlready the of these children
are TefraHiia orto the harsh misfortune pay the
penalty ef their imprudence ta early useless death
What the French statesmen askte to become of France with none
to defend herWhat the English ask themselves is to
become of the empire with none to bold ItAnd Germany looks amfHag at her
dPI In
ere
in their day
mannersare stirring
born con-senting
them-selves
nAwae waAle
¬
¬
he was la 3SS6L came to this city once ina while but there was no Democraticnational headquarters here RichardCritter had a private headquarters at theHoffman House and James K
the State campaign forState ticket m Sc James
BoMtag Croker every day tothe reporters talkBryan Mr McGuire modefight but be knew at the begfaatag that
be elected and the onlyhint was Ute ale of Mc
Kinteys majority and the poostbUity ofsaving the Democratic State ticket
McCnire DroppedOne day the newspapers published a re-
port that the lets Frederick S Gibbswho was then one of Banal chief lieu-tenants at RaaabUcaa headquarters hadoffered to bet HM to that McKlnieywould more than MMM majority
the Bronx McGwire covered thethe name of one of Me clerks
GBs won At that time Mediae wasthe w rldngmen
had beta elected mayor of that citytimes After the campaign of B60
out of polities and to thegreat astonishment of his tabor friendshe entered the employ of one of the greattrusts and has steee traveled throughthe country as its agent Like many other conspicuous opponents of the socalledtrusts Mr McGuire dropped his opposi-tion te the monopolies when he set out
The campaign of J93J wasHanna along near
ly the same lines aa in JS86L He hadfound that the soundmoney lane was agood thing and be stuck to K His cam-paign stators were Instructed to avoidthe imperialism or tariff hence Efwere made to induce Mm to send
literature promising at leasta mild tariff but he didmatter for a
McKinley carried New York
cUrtedtae Inured
3KID
ave
aHe a is and
se-ver
to Rep
forredO mute
the
as
Out
SINbase
n
great favocne amongltsd been newsboy Syracuse
make money
thenot
by
¬
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Republican candidate forelected by above 111M plurality
The events of the campaign of ISM arefamiliar to all who take aa interest inpolitics President Roosevelt placed atthe head of the Republican National
George B Cortelyou who selectedthe regular Republican headquarters inhe Metropolitan Life Building TomIndiana was made chairman
Nations Oommlttand tbe Democratic headquarters was inThirtyfourth street New York Everything went along smoothly at Republican
but there was continuoustrouble In Thirtyfourth street Taggartwas chairman of the national committeeand was popular personally bet he wassupervised by August Belmont DelaneyNlcoU and ether New York whodistrusted Mm The resale was whatpotttfefaBS coil a grand mixup Nobodyseemed to be responsible for anything atthe and to tads
great measure JudgeParkers defeat
The English
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