Double Density/Quad Capacity

CP!M2 on North Star

/

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III User I s Notes

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Zl413ROACWAY 1NTl.. "la.EX220501 NEW ~'jI'lKl<Y1nG:l1 (21~)50ll-ilO62

CP/~2 OtJ NORTH STAR DISKDOUBLE DENSITY - G'Ul\D CAPACITY

U::lER'S NOTES3Y

LIFEBOAT ASSOCIATES2248 BRQADWAY

NEW YORK, N. Y. 10024TELELPHONE 212 580-0082

TELEX 220501

CPj"1I2 ON DOUBLE DSNSITY QUAD CAPl\CI'r'Y NORTH STAR DIS:<.

TAB LE OF CO~,JTENTS

SEEKING DRIVES.SIDED DRI Vf:S.

r N'T'RO DUCT IO!-.!GENERAL I~FOR~ATICN

CP~ AND THS NORTH STAR SYSTEM'."BAT IS CP/j\" .,A gRIEF HIS~lRY OF

GSTTING ST,\RTED.·fOUR CP/"1 PACN\GE.~E~GRY REQUIRE~ENTS AND ACDRESS.

FIRST aOOT PROCEDURE.LIST OF STANDARD TER~INALS.

RE-SIZING YOUR SYSTEM.SYSTE"1 OPTIONS.

CONFIG OPTIONS.DOUBLE SIDED AND FASTSETTING UP FOR DOL'BLE:-10DE BITE OPTIONS.

CHA~GI\JG THE I/O CONF IGURATION.[l.tl,TCBING t~ITH SA VEUSER.SYSGSN PROCEDURE.

DEFI~ITIONS OF CP/M PRCCRA!1S.t-10VCP"1.CCMAS:v!. CO....,DDT. CC:'1CW.., P. CO:..,EC.CCMLOAD. CS'IIPIP.COMSTAT. CO"'1SUBMIT.COMSYSGEN.CC~

DlJ"<1 P. ASMLIST.CO...,FORMAT.COMCOPY.COMFILECOPY.CCMSAVEUSER.COMCONFIG.CC~

USER.ASM'1EMR.COM

~CRMAL OPSRATION.;)ISKETTE CCMPATASILITYUSING '1ASTER CO~ DISKS.

APPSNDIX A DISK TECHNICAL INFORMATIONAPPENDIX 8 HORIZON USER AREA LISTING

11122J3446899,Ie11141414171717171717Ie181818181315

191919191919202020:123

CP/~2 ON NCRT~ STAR CrSKDOUBLE DENSITY -:,}Ij,\D CAPACITY

3Y

LIFSBOAT ASSOCIATES.2248 BROAD',lilI.Y, NEt'! YCRK, N. Y.1002<:

COPYR IGHT IC) 1979

**NOTE**

The names "NORTH STAR" and "HORIZON" are trade names oE NortllStar Computers, Berkley Ca. "CP/M" is copyright and trademark oEDigital Research, PaciEic Grove, Ca. "Z8C" is a trademark of ZilogInc., Cupertino, Ca. This manual and portions of this soft,',aresystem are copyright by Lifeboat Associates, ~ew York, ~.Y. Licenseto use this copyright material is granted to an indivirlual ~or use ona single computer system only after execution anc return of there1istration card to Lifeboat Associates and Digital Research.

Rev ision 1. 1Dec ember 1979

CP/~2 ON DOU8L2 DENSITY - QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK.

r·JTRODUCT I ON.

GE~ERAL INfOR~ATICN.

T~ank y~u for buying CP/M Software fro~ Lifeboat Associates.You ~ave purchased the most useful soft',vare systen ever written forthe 8080 and Z80 microcomputers anc at the same tine, you have joinedthe largest group of disk operating system users in the ~orld!

We have been very careful to su~ply you with all of theinformation you need to get CP/M runnin'j on your COffi?uter and toenable you to understand the system. CP/M however, like ~any

worthwhile things will not be mastered without effort on your part.Re~n all of the manuals several times. Sit down at your ter~inal andtry all of the features so that you can see what they co.

Exploring CP/M is a little lil~e landing on the share of astrange new land. You will first becone familiar \.ith the simplefeatures that you will often use. Then you will penetrate theinterior and use the more complex features that make this soft~are

system so powerful, but you must understand before you appreciatethese features. That will come in time.

In order to help you, Lifeboat Associates !las prepared thisManual and maintains a staff at itls Ne',v Yod< headquaters. Call themat (212) 530-0082 if you need help with a problem. In addition,Lifeboat Associates has a huge stock of software that runs underCP/M. Refer to the sheet supp~ ied with this manual for a listing, andregularly consult the current advertising in the various computermagazines.

CP/M AND THE ~ORTH STAR SYSTE~.

The Horizon Conputer and the ~orth Star !"'.icro I::isk System arecesianed to be an integrated combination of a mini- floppy diskharcware system and the Software neecec to operate it. This system isexpertly cescribed in the "North Star System Software ~anual,­

SOFT-DOC Revision 2.1" published by North Star Conputers in 1979. Ifyou have an older disk system, or Horizon Computer and you do nothave this manual, by all means get it. All of the informationregarding the HARDWARE is applicable to the North Star CP/~ System.

The North Star DOS (Disk Operating System) and North Star BASICand PAS2.l\L are designed to run on ~orth Star hardware and no other.Therefore they are called llmachine dependent". You will still beable to run your DOS programs by simply booting up North Star DOS atany time.

However, by booting up CP/M instead of DOS you will haveavailable another large body of software written on many differentnachines. This is ?ossible since CP/M is designed in suc~ a way asto be "machine independent". Programs written for CP/M communicateonly with the CP/M operating system which in turn communicates withthe North Star han.are. In this 'Nay, CP/:'II programs are cOr.lpletelyisolated from the actual hard' are in use. This is why the exact sameCP/M program written for another computer will run on your North Star

1

CP/~2 ON DOU8LE DENSITY - QU,\D CAP~.CITY NORTH STAR DISK.

in the same way. Once the userhe has mace a vast amount ofoperable on t~e system.

'oJHAT IS :.2 I~ 7

adds CP/M to thecomputer languages

No rthand

Star systen,applications

2P/M (Control Program / Microprocessors) is a software systendesigned to record and retrieve programs and cata on floppy disks.Like all software systems, it is a collection of programs that areinter-related and are designed to accomplish specific tasks withinthe system. CP/M operates with 8020 and ZEO microprocessors and islargely independent of the design of the computer and floppy disksystem. It has therefore been adopted for use with almost allcomputers using the 8030 and zao families of microprocessors. CP/jVIhas beCOMe a de facto "standa=d" and a large group of high levellanguages anrl application sof~ware systems have been designed to rununder it's control.

A BRIEF HISTORY OF CP/M.

The 8080 microprocessor was designed by Intel Corporation as animprovement over their earlier 8003 microproc~~sor. This chip becamethe basis for th~ INTEL !"'1DS Development System '..;hich 'was cesigned tooperate with floppy disks. Gary Kildall of Digital Research designedthe CP/M system to be "machine independent" as long as the~icroprocessor used the 80S0 machine language instruction set.

In 197" Digital Systems (later Cigital Microsystems) was formedto supply floppy disk systems for use with microcomputers. The CP/,"'Isystem '''as adopted for use with this ?opular floppy disk. I~SAI oneof the largest manufacturers of microcomputer equipment also adopteda form of CP/M for it's disk operating system. CROME~CO and othermanufacturers followed suit. Many computer owners selected disksystems for their computers that ran CP/M, rather than the non CP/Msystems supplied by their computer manufacturers.

Most microcomputer owners could not afford the S-inch floppydisk systems that were the only ones available at first. with theintroGuction of the Shugart SA4QO minifloppy, thousands ofmicrocomputer owners were introduced to floppy disk systems.

North Star (a non-CP/~·4 system became the most popularmini-floppy system because i+- was inexpensive, easy to interface andit worked with every S-100 bus computer. The ~orth Star system tlad asimple DOS (Disk Operating System) with few features, but itsupported a good BASIC and a primitive disk file system. LarryAlkaff, of Lifeboat Associates adapted CP/M to the North Star floppydisk system anc thousands of North Star owners adopted CP/M as theiroperating system.

2

CP/"12 ON DOUBLE DE~SITY - QUAD C,\PACITY NORTH S7.;R DISK.

GETT PIG STARTED.

YOUR CP/"1 PACKi\GE.

'rhe contents of the CP/M package you !~Qve received from your~ealer should contain the following:

d. This manual "CP/M on North Star Disk User's Manual"

b. The Li:eboat Associates edition of t;:e DiJital Research CPj"-\~anuals composed of the following sections:

* CP/"1 2.0 Users Guide for CP/"1 1.4 O\Jners* An Introcuction to CP/M Features an~ Facilities.* ED: A Context Er1itor For The CP/."1 Disk Systercl.* CP/M Assemhler (/I.S:-1) User's Guide* CP/~ DynaF.lic Debugging Tool (DDT) User's Guice.* CP/M 2.C Interface Guide.* CP/"'1 2.0 System Alteration Guide.

c. A 5 1/4-inch Diskette containing your CP/i-1 SysteF.l.

ri. License Agreement and Registration Card.

ACTION: C~eck that you have received all of the above material,if there is anything mis.::.Jng, contact your dealer or LifeboatAssociates. Check that the diskette is in good condition. It shouldnot be ~ent or camaged in any way. Every CP/:" software system ~as anunique serial number. It-is shown on your distribution copy of theriiskette and the same number is embedded in ttle software forir1entification purposes. Record t:lis nunuer and use it \~hen

corresponding with Lifeboat llssociates regardi:-.';j your software ......'henyou copy your system disk for your own use, pu:. the copyright noticeand serial number on the copy.

3

CP/~2 ON DOUBLe: DENSITY - QUAD CAPACITY \V]RTH .)'!l\R DISK.

~EMCRY REQUI?E~SNTS A~D ADDRESS.

In orcer to run CP/:.'I, you mustRA~ ~eQory starting at a~dress z~ro.

between 32K and 48K will be desirable.

have at least 24K of contin~aus

For ~ost practicEl pur~oses

The North Star DOS Systen ~as been configured to start at memorylocation 2COO Hex (8K) in the standard version. [>lost computersystems using the North Star Disk System have their memory acdressedto start at that location because no memory is required below 2000Hex.

CP/~ requires that memory boares be addressed at zero lOCO ~ex.

Therefore before attempting to run C?/M re-accress your ~emory boarcsto :)[ovide contiguous memory fron OOCO ilex to the lirlit of yourmemory. If you have ~Jorth Star RAi'l 1") or RA;., 32 menory boards, theaddress s\~itches each represent 3K. If you have an0t!1€r cype ofmemory board, consult the ap~Jicable manual.

FIRST BOOT PROCEDURE.

This procedure will only work "lith Y0ur distribution copy of theCP/M System disk, or a direct, unmodified copy. It is intended for aHorizon Computer or any :-Jorth Star Disk Syst.:n. (MDS) with the ~ortl1

Star DOS running at 2000 Hex. Either a syste~ with a standard PRCMset at E800 hex, or a non-standard PROM will work ,,·with your CP/:J1disk ..

STEP 1: Insert your North Star DOS System cHsk in Crive 11 and bootthe system by running the computer from E800 hex. Cn the Horizoncomputer, press the RESET switch on the upper right-hand rear ?anel.

RESULT: The North Star DOS will sign-on with this message:

NORTH ST\R COS x.xxx+

(x. xxx is the version number)(Double density prompt)

STEP 2: Enter the copy disk program as follows:

+GO CD<CR>~Jote: All through this manual <CR> means press carrige return.

DOS ·.... i11 respond with:

COpy FROM DRIVE, 2<CR>TO DRIVE, l<CR>

(1.. this case you enter 2.)(In this case you enter 1.)

COPY BO':'H SIDES (Y OR N )7 N<CR> (In this case enter N)

70 COPY SIDE A ONLY,LOAD DISKETTES AND PRSSS RETURN WHE~ READY.

4

CP/"12 ON DOUBLE DENSITY - ";UAD CAPll"CITY ~'JRTH STAR DISK.

**C.J'..UTICN**C'JVERI~G THE\Ie':' H"\VE ON;::,

BE SUR E:-.lO'reB ON

PUT CNE

THAT YQUii. CP/MTliE UPPER RIGH'fTHERE.

DIS?\ :lAS .\ limITE PWJTSCT TAgEDGE OF THE DIS K. IF IT DeES

5T::P J: Place your CP/\1 master disk in drive 2.

5T::P 4.: Rer:loveNow press <CR).will report:

COpy CO., PLE:TED+

the COS disk <!nd place a new blank disk in drive 1.The copying process will start, uron completion DCS

STSP 5: You now have a "working copy" of your CP/;-.1 disk in drive 1.Put the r:laster copy away for safe keeping. You '/iill use t~e wor:·dnqcopy Ear the configuration process.

STSP G: Type "GC CPM<CR)" next to the " + " pro~pt.

RESULT: T~e r.riveon, an .... CP/r>1 will

motorsign-on

\... i 11with

start, tile LED on thethe following message:

drive '.... ill c'Jme

CP/~ on ~:orth Star diskDouble d~~sity - Cuad capacity24K Version 2.01Copyright (C) 1979 Lifeboat Associates

A>

*** NOTE ***If the CP/M system signs-on, but the CP/M prompt " A)" does notappear, the memory has not been re-addressed to 0000 hex. If thishappens, remove the disk, turn off the computer and re-address theme~ory boards to provide con_inuous memory from 0000 3ex to the upperli~it of your me~ory boards. Then p)wer up and re-start froF.l Step 1.

STE P 7: Next to the A) type:

~>DOT CONFIG.COM<CR>

RESULT: T~e Dynamic Debugging Tool (DDT) will sign on as follows:

DDT VERS 1. 4NEXT PC0300 0100

(The dash is the DDT prompt)

-S 120<CR>-120 FF

Enter "5120" after the DDT·prompt.DDT shows the contents of addr 120

5

CP/~2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY - QUAD CAPACITY NORTH ST.~R DISK.

STEP 8: Enter correct byte from following tabl~~

Ports J,2

TERM DJALS ..Status,GataPorts 10H,1:HP:Hts J, '2Ports 0,1P':Jrts 0, IPorts 0,1Ports 43H,42HPorts 1 OH, 1IH

LI ST OF ST.~r,! CARD

(1 - l\LT.~IR 8S-2::::IC1 - I'<SA1 S1022 - '\L'ii\IR 51':] (REV ~ON-ZERO)

3 - i\LT.\.IR SIS' (REV ZERO)4 - PROCESSOR TECHNOLOGY 3P +S5 - I.'v1SAI ~IO

G - ALTAIR 88-4PIOqr - COMP.\L 8081 - PROCSSSCR TECHNOLOGY SOL22 - XITAN S~B (ZAPPLE MONITOR)83 - ~ORTH STAR HORIZON34 - VEC-r-CR GRt\PHIC :I[Z Computer

In this case we will cor.sider that we have a Horizon COr:1~uter.

-120 r'F 83<CR>-121 Fr'

STEP 9: Enter 2<CR> if you havecard that requires 2 stop bits ..121 FF 2<CR>122 FF

a Horizon computer orOthen"ise, just enter

Al ta i r<CR >..

83-2510

tl,t this point enter a period followed by <CR>.exit this moce and return to command level ..

This allows DDT to

Now enter a control C ("C).

RC:SULT: The system returns to the A>. The configuration program isnow patched for the Horizon computer. Save the patched version ofCONFIG on disk by entering the following:

.~>SAVE 10 CONFIG.COr-'l<CR>

STEP 10:the CP1M

Perform a cold boot (reset)disk already in rlrive 1.

similiar to Step 1 but us ing

RESULT: The CONFIG program will sign-on followed by the normal CP/Msign-on ending with .\>.

CO.>lFIG Version 2 .. 0Copyright (C) 1979 Lifeboat AssociatesYour CP/M System is now configured.Type S~VEUSER to permanently save on disk.

':P/M on North Star dis~

Double density - Quad capacity24~ Version 2.01Copyright (C) 1979 Lifeboat Associates

':P/'12 ON COUBLE DENSITY - QUAD C,\P.e,CITY NCRTH ST..\R CISI·~.

STEP 11: Enter the SAVEUSE::{ program as f:)llows:

.'\)SAV'SUSER<CR>

~ESULT: T"1e SAVEUSER ?rogram will sijn-on 'with t:le following Elessage:

Sl.,VEUSER Vers 2. C for ~lorth Star quad capacity.Saves r>JlCOE 8Y'":'E sector plus 'l sectors of USER AREA.Copyright (e) 1979 Lifeboat Associates.Place CP/M SYSTE~ DISK into drive A andtype to patch (or ·C to not patch) <en>

Now type <CR> and SAVEUSER will respond:

User area patching completed.

STEP 12: Remove the disk froM drive P>. ane turn off power to theCOMputer. Then re-energize the computer, insert the CP/M dis~-< andperfor~ a cold boot. This will test the cold boot process andeliminate the possiblity of material still in memory giving a falseindication of proper configuration.

RESULT: CP/~ will come up with it's sign-on message. The A> will bedisplayed.

7

C? F" 2 ON DGUB LE: DE:--JS ITY - QUAD CA PAC ITY NCRTH ST.:;R DIS K.

~E:-SIZ INC YOUR SYSTF.::'1.

The distrihution system you have rece:ved fro~ Lifeboat Associatesc~ntdins a 24X CP/M syste~ an~ is desijned to run in 2~K ~f ~e~ory.

This is not a lar~e enough system to run sane hi~h level languages orlar1e programs. You will want to use a system that takes aGvanta~e

of all the Memory in your computer. If you attempt to run a programt~at is too large for the current CP/M system, you ~/ill get an ERROR~ESSACE "LOAD ERROR ". The fix for this is to extend your CP/M systemto the fullest extent of your RA~ memory. This may be done byrunning the MIJVCpM.CCr"l program provided on your system diSk.

** * NOTE ***.r.. new system created i"itj TJVCP ....1.CO:"1 is an unconfigured system.CONFIG.COM must be on the disk when attenpting to boot up anyunconfigured system. Additionally, CaNFIG.CC~ should have beenpatched at 120 l:1ex for your specific terminal fran the table ofstannard configurations. For example, CC~FIG.CCM should have been;,:;atched with an 82 hex at accress 120 hex if you have a Horizoncon?uter.

Til i s42K system

example takes you through running t'1CVCPr.1.CO.1and putting the new system on a disk ready to

to createboot up.

a

A >~.'! eve p~ 48 <CR >

Constructing 48K CP/M Version 2.01for quad North Star disk.

New CP/M in memory at 900H (sysgen image)is ready for "SYSGEN" or "SAVE 4C ':P'149.CCM"A>SYSGSN<CR>

SYSGEN Version 2.4Distributee by Lifeboat Associatesfor CP/~~ 2.0 on quad North Star.

Source drive NA!'1E (or RETURN to skip) <CR>

CP/1 image in RAM at 900H is ready to writeor reboot anG "SAVE 40 CFMxx.CCM"

Cestination drive NAME (or RETURN to reboot) B<CR>Place DESTINATION disk on B, then ty?e RETURN <CR>Function complete

Destination drive NAM.E (or RETURN to reboot) <eM>

A>

The disk in drive 8 is now ready to be place~ in drive A andbooted up. Remember CQNFIG.CCM must be patched and on the diSk. RunSAVEUS~R after the system signs on to per~anently configure the disk.

8

CP/'''2 C"I ~OU8LE: CE:~SITY - QU.'l,D CAFACITY ;'lCRTH ST.".R DISK.

If you have a Hori zan com;Juter there are several 8ptions i:1:C'·JFIG.CO;". Y')u must al",21ys have a patched version of CONFI3 on Y0ur~isk when bootin0 up an unconfigured system such as that produced by~CVCP~.CO~. T~ese options are more fully described in Ap?endix 8SN"'PLE USER AREA. Here is a list of the available options for aHorizon computer with the address in CCNFIG:

AdGr l20H set to 83H selects Hori zan computer.

Ac~r 121H set to 2 se~er.'s two stop bits.Cefault if 12lH unc~anged selects one stop bit.

A~cr 122H set to 0 selects printer on left serial ?ort.AdrJr 122H set to 2 selects printer on parallel port.Cefault if 122H unchangerl selects right serial port.

Arcr 123H set to 1 enables parity checking of me~ory.

I;efault 12Jl-l unchangec ignores parity checking.

A.cdr 124H should be set to page a(lcress of your diskcontroller if it is both ~OT the standard E8 hexAND you have set the ?arity option at 123H.

In order to set t~ese bytes in Cm~FIG.CC~ type the commanc "DDTCONFIG.CJfo<r::R)" and ·",hen DDT signs on, LIse the "S" command to makethe changes. Please note that leaving the original values of CFF hexat addresses 12lH thru 12(H will produce the default conditions.Then type a control C to reboot anr) when system returns to itA>" type"S~VE 10 CONFIG.CCM<CR)" to save the patched CONFIG on disk. It willnow be ready to automatically patch an unconfigured system, afterwhich you would normally run SAVEUSER.

DOUBLE SIDED A>lD F.\ST SEEKING DRIVES

The C:P/:1 system :o1UST be informed whether your drives arephysically capable of two sided or fast stepping operation. Thesystem as shipped is set for one sieed and normal seeking operation.This is easily changed by inserting a CONFG byte at location 59F8 hexin the standard 24K system (25F8 in sysgen image). This byte isexactly the same as that defined for the North Star COS and islocated in DOS at 2034 hex.

9

CP/l\12 ON JOUBLE DENSITY - QUAD CAP .....CITY [JORT:-i STAR DISK.

I:l ?articular, the byte is 8efined as fo110'....-s:Bits 7,$,:,4 hir.!~ set t',IO si~ed for drives A,B,C,D.Bits 3,2,1,0 high set fast seeking for drives c,CfS,A.

For eX2nple, a val ue of 11010111B ( CD 7i1) indicates:

Dr i ve ,. is jo ub 1 e sided and fast stepp in0·Drive 8 is double s iced and fast stepping.Dr ive C is single sided and fast stepping.Drive D is double s icled and no rmal steppir.g.

Remember, the 0istribution system is shipped with these featuresrlisabler1. The r:ONFG byte is zero. 'I'his will cause ST.i\T to report162K availahle on a ne .... ly formatted, empty disk. ,\:ter setting t'....osided "peration on those drives capable of it as explained in thenext section, STAT will then report 338!< Which more than doubles thecapacity uf CP/~.

SETTING UP FOR T~G SIDED DRIVES

This procedure will change your system to operate with two sidedcrives.

1. Pickabove, drivesand 4 are set

the proper CONFG byteA, Band D are set forto L

fa rtwo

your drives. In the examplesided operation so bits 7, 6

2. Use DDT to set this byte at location 59F8 hex in tile standard24K system (26F8 in sysgen image).

3. After thesatisfactorily, it

CCNFGmay be

byte haspe rmanen tl y

beensavee

changedon ,~isk

anc is w'orkingby S.;; VE US ER.

4. Now run the FeRMAT program and follow t'le prompts to format acisk to CP/!\1 2.0 double sided format. ~ote: IF the CQNFG byte hasnot been properly set for double sided operation on the drive beingused to format, the FORMAT program will not permit double sieedformatting.

5. Files may now be transferred to your double sided disk wit!lthe PIP program by placing the single sided disk containing files indrive A, the newly formattec double sided 'disk in B, typin<J control C~o login the disks and then the command:

PIP A:=B:*.*[VO]<CR>The files will transfer one by one informing you of each named filetransferred.

Run STAT after this process and you should find the B drive hasmuc~ more space left than A, even though both disks contain the samefiles.

If y~u have a one Grive syste~, ~se FIL2CCPY to transfer ea=hfile individually to the double sided disk.

10

CP/",,2 r:;!'l DOUBLE DENSITY - QW\D CAPACITY \lCRTH STAR DISK.

-S. Onc=e files "'! .. ~ placed on a Gouble sided Eon:;atted cis:". forthe Eirst tiMe with PIP or FILECOPY, the COpy progra~ may be usee to~opy all the Gata fro~ one double sided ~isk to anot~er.

Final note: It is ir:;portant to G.ncierstand that merely changingthe CCNFG byte will not in itself increase the ca?acity of a disk.Tllis si..,rly tells CP/L~ t~at your drives ","-ill physic=ally access bothsi:ies. Y0U r:1.ust in addition use disks t~at r.ave been properly:ormatted \"ith FrJR...,AT.CCM for 2Jl double sided operation.

MODE BYTE OPTIONS

There are several user selectable options available in your CP/:1syster:;, T~ese options are:

1. Read After Write.2. Enable Interrupts after Disk Access.3. Run i\UTO a Eter ha r;.l or Cold Boot.4. Set Systen for a Single Drive.

The choice of these functions is controll:~ by the state of thebits in one byte referred to as the MODE ~yte. The MCDE byte islocated at the address iomediately before the USER AR£A and is at59FF hex in the 24K running systen (2~FF !lex in the SYSGEN L"1ACE).Programs ~ay reference the ~CDE byte to manipulate it.

If you ,,,ish to use any of these options the best way toimclement them is to change the 'I10DE 3YTE ·... ith DDT. '.."hen you aresure the option is doing '....hat you want, run SA\:EUSER and perr:1anentlysave the ~ODE 3YTE on disk.

The following paragraphs describe the controlled functions andindicate the trade-offs implied by selecting the use or suppressionof each feature. Also explained are the position of each bit, thesense of the bit for invoking or disabling the function and thedefault value used in distribution systems. In general, the titinvolved must be HIGH for tlle feature to be ACTIVE.

Opt ion 1.. READ AFTER WRITE

Use of Read After Write causes the syste~ to read and verify t!ledata on the disk after eac!"'. sector is written. Any read error wouldresult in repeated re-tries of the write and subsequent verificationuntil the data is correctly written onto the disk. Use of thisfeature will cause no degredation in the speed of disk reading, but'will slow disk 'writing by a factor of about four times.

The position of this bit isdistribution system is shipped withfeature to be NOT active.

value ~O hex (bit S).this bit ~G~ which causes

Thethis

Cption 2. SNABLE INTERRUPTS AFTSR DISK ACCSSS

The drivers of this system cisable interrupts during a disk

11

CP/~"2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY - QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISr~.

access, since the code is real time dependent. Ot~erwise, aninterrupt during disk access would cause an error. Since the 20&0and 3025 processors are not able to read the status of the interru~t

flag, the status ca!"lnot be restored to its origi!"lal condition. ThisfeAture ger~its the user, either in general or under program control,to exit from disk acces:::os w'ith interrupts either enabled ordisablec.

T'1e position of this bit is value 10 hex (bit 4). Thedistrihution system is shipped with this bit HIGH and t:-Jus thisfeature is A.CTIVE. That is, interrupts are E:~~_SLED on exit fron anisk access.

C;:>tion 3. Ru'J .~UTO ,lI..FTER .A. COLO OR ','JARA BOOT

CP/M includes a feature allowing execution of a conmand ur;:onstartup. This has applications in loading monitors into memory,initializing peripheral drivers, or causing the system toautoMatically loan BASIC and enter an applications program forunskiller:1 users. Your system has t~e connand: f... U70 set into it '.... hichwill cause a file AUTO.COM to be executed if ttlB feature if invokec.The user ~ust provide the progran AUTO. COM or re-nane a program tothat name.

Alternatively, you may insert a com~anG line of your choice inthe CCP of up to 128 characters using the SYSGEN PROCSDURE. Anexample of such a commanc line would be:

ORG CCP+7 ;Start of this patchDB 13 ;Lengt~ of command lineCB I ;'4BASIC B: PROG I ; 13 c~aracter command

This examplecause 9ASIC to loadcrive B.

WQuld l~ad ~icrosoft

and immediately runBASIC from drive A andthe progra~ PROG.BAS

thenfron

You may activate the AUTO feature on each war~ boot, cold bootor both. T~e position of this bit is value 1 (bit 0) for activationon '....arm boots and value 2 (bit 1) for activati,.,r, on cold boots. Thisdistribution system is shipped with these bits set LOW and thus thisfeature is NOT active.

Option 4. Set System for a Single Drive.

This option should be selected by users of a single drive CP/~l

system. Its use will cause the system to prompt you to change diskseach time a different drive is selected. In this way, a four drivesystem can be simulated with only a single physical drive so thefeatures of CP/M which use multiple drives can be used.

The position of this bitdistribution system is shippedfeature is ~JOT ACTIVE.

is value 80with this

hex (bitbi t LOi-w anc

7) •thus

Thethis

':Jhen using this optionrequires two drives. Instead,

do not atte~pt toFILECOPY.COM and

12

use CCPY. CO!'.lPIP.COM will

'Nh i eh'~or k

CPjr-12 ON :JOUBLE DENSITY - QUAD C.1\PP-.CITY :-JORTH ST.~.R DISK.

normally to allow you to transfer files between disks.

13

CP/"I2 ON LOUBLE DENSITY - QUAD C.i\P.1\CITY NQRTH STAR DISK.

CHANGI~G THS I/O CONFIGURA7I8N.

Cnce your CP/"l is up and running, you ~ay find the n.eed to makechanges in y~ur I/O, to add a different printer, or you may find aneed t~ have more that one console. There are nany possiblevariations on the basi~ console I/G t~at you began ~ith. There aretwo nethods of doing this. The SAVEUSER program is provided as aquick anr'l easy way of nakir-,':l' short patches. ':'he SYSG2N PROCEDURE isa comprehensive method of making system changes.

PATCHING hfITH SAVEUSSR

Running the S:\.VEUSSR program at any ti~e 'Hi 11 write a portion ofthe then running CP/~ system onto the disk in drive 1,. 7~e specificportion written consists of the entire USSR AREA (512 bytes or thO

pa'1es starting at BIOS+700 hex) anrl the :,lODE: ArtEA which is the 123~ytes immediately before the USER AR:::i\. In the distribution 24:<systen the MODE AREA starts at 5~?O hex anr the US2R AREA starts atSAne hex and encs at 5aFF hex.

~ormal changes in the MODE AREA would be modifying tile CCNrGbyte at 59r3 hex for t'No sided or fast stepping drives or making apermanent change in the MODE BYTE. Complete definitions of these arein J..ppendix ,i\. Any changes in the USER .~REA would be for the purposeof making a quick patch to your CONSOLE, LIST, PUNCH or READERroutines. These patches could be made with DO? and if they provesatisfactory, permanently saved on the system disk with SAVEUSER.

To run the program, simply type "SAVEUSER". It will sign on andask for confir~ation that you really wish to Hrite onto the disk inr.rive A•.\. <CR> response will begin the 'write. You may also abortwithout writing anything by entering control C.

SYSGEN PROCEDURE.

The SYSCEN PROCEDURE is an advanced oethod of changing yoursystem configuration. It should only be used when your system isrunning properly and you have become completely familiar with thefeatures of CP/r.'f. This procedure uses the ED.CU"I editor, the ASi'1.CC~

assembler, the DDT. COM debugger, and the SYS GEN. COM prog ram.ramiliarize yourself with the use of these programs before attemptingto chanlJe your system configuration in this way.

This procedure uses the facilities of CP/~ to create an assemblylanguage file containing your customize'::: I/O. Use as a startingpoint USER.ASM which contains the proper equates and jump table.r-'odify USER.ASi'o1 using ED to suit your own purposes. Be sure tochange the equate for MSIZE in the file to the desired memory size ofyour CP/:1. Next, assemble your modified file with ASM.CO~ to produceUSER. REX which will be used to overlay and modify your existinr;systen.

The existing system is then brought into memory at location 90CH

14

CP/"'12 ON DOUBLE DSNSITY - QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK.

(hex) using the SYSGEN :;nogram. This is the standard and mostconvenient nemory location for ::laking Chi'ltlgCS in the CP/i'Jl syste~.

The copy of CP/M starting at 9COH is usually -:alled the SYSGE!~ I,'1AGE.Save the SYSGEN L1AGE as a riisk :ile by the comMand "S.\VE: L1.CC pM • C0'1. <CR >" •

CP'".COiY1 is thenDDT with the commandthen overlaid withcommands of DDT.

brought back into ~emory unjer the control of"OCT CPM.COM<CR>" The SYSGE;;,J I;,1AGE at gOCH is

USSR. HEX using the "I" insert and "R" read

Note that USER. HEX is read in '.... i th an offset so that the hexfile will be placed at 270CH. The offset changes for each differentCP/M systen size and is equal to 2700 hex minus w~erever your USSR

.\REA begins in menory (SAOe hex in standarc 24K system). The t:roperoffset is automatically calculated for each MSIZE by the CFFSE'requate in USER.ASM or the DDT "H" hex calculator may be used as inthe example.

At this point, the new systeM has been patched with your customI/O and may be directly ?ut on the system tracks witn SYSCEN or savedagain as a disk file for later use.

The dialog below is an ~xample of using the above procecure andwas actually run on a CP/M on ~orth Star system just as you see it.','Je begin after you have ecited USER.ASM for your specificrequ i r emen ts.

A>ASM USER.AAZ<CR>CP/M ASSEMBLER - VER 2. aSAC7009H USE FACTORSND OF ,~SSE;"BLY

,\>SYSGEN<CR>

SYSGEN Version 2.4Distributed by Lifeboat Associatesfor CP!.., 2.0 on quad North Star.

Source drive N.'\ME (or RETURN to skip) A<CR>Place SOURCE disk on A, then type RETURN <CR>Function complete

CP/M image in RAM at 900H is ready to writeor reboot and "SAVE 40 CPMxx.COM"

Destination drive NAME (or RETURN to reboot) <CR>

lDSAVE 40 CPM24.CCM<CR>A>DDT CPM24.COM<CR>DDT VERS 2. aNEXT PC2900 0100-H270C,5AOO<CR>8100 CDOO

15

C?/'''2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY - GUAD C..\FA.2ITY ~OR':'H STAR DISK.

-I'J:;::;R. HEX<CR>-RC:')I"Q <":1.>NEXT PC29CO 0000--CA >S YSGC: ~ <:R >

SYSGEN Version 2.4Distributed by Lifeboat Associatesfor CP/"1 2.0 on quad North Star.

Source drive N.i\i"lE (or R'C".'URN to skip) <CR>

CP/M inage in RAM at 90CH is ready to writeor reboot an~ "SAVE 40 CP"'xx.CCM"

Cestination drive NA~E (or RETURN to reboot) B<CR>Place DESTINATION disk on B, then type RE'i"(..:RN <CR>Function cor.tplete

Destination drive Nl\:'·1E (or RE'r'URN to rebo0t) <CR>

.\>

16

CP/M2 ON DOUBLE DENSI'I'Y - QW\D CAPACITY :JCR'rH STAR DISK.

DEFINITIO}IS OF CP/M PROGRAMS.

AOVCP'''1.CO'·1 - This prograM. permits the user to reconfigure the syster.lfor any particular nenory size. CP/M on ~ort:: Star is su~p:!.iec1 witha 24k system. In most cases a user ..iill ~,~"'ve a lar1er memoryca?acity. IE the system is not reconfigured fo~ the IQrger amnount of:-1emory, it will not recognize t~at it exists. REFERENCE:.\N!NTnCOUCTION TO CP/r>l E'EATURES .l'I.ND F/\CILITIES 'J,p.r"UAL PAGE 3C.

**SPECIAL NOTE**

WITH THE LIE'EBOAT VERSIONS OE' CP/tA, THE PRCGRA."1 "CONFIG.COil\"'''U5T ,~.L';'lAY5 BE ON THE DISK h'HEN USI~G "10VCP~"'I.COM i\ND SHCULD BEP,l\TCHED FOR YOUR TERMINAL OR CC:"PUTER..

ASM.CCM -- This file contains the complete :P/~ two-pass assenbler.7~e AS" command loa~s and executes the CP/1~ 8080 asselnbler. It isused with the narne of a source file containing assembly languagestatements and contains parameters directing the assembler where toget t!1e in[.'ut file anc direct the outt=Jut files. The follc)',vingexample will assemble TEST.AS:I\ taking the source from drive A,writing the output hex. file 'fEST. HEX to drive B and the output printfile TEST.PRN to drive C.A)ASM FILENAME.ABC<CR)REFERENCE: AN INTRODUCTION TO CP/M FEATURES AND FACILI'fIES MA;~UAL

P.i\GE IS and CP/M ASSEMBLER (.. ~'r-1) USER '5 GUIDE.

QDT.CC~ -- This file contains the CP/M Dyna~ic Cebugging Tool a verypowerful monitor plus a tool for analyzing soft'Nare problems. It canperfor~ co~mon monitor program functions such as dumping memory inHEX, or ASCII. It can also disassemble 2080 machine code intoassembly language mnenonics, and assemble in-::ividual instructions.It is called by typing:,i\)QDT<CR)~ESULT: DDT will sign-on with it's version number and then the DD'I'prompt, a minus !?ign ( - ).

A)ODT FILENA'I\E.CQ'"1<CR) - A filename can also be specified which ....'illcause DDT to automatically load FILENAME.CCM at IOC hex. In thiscase, DDT will display a hex number under "NEXT" is the next addressafter the highest byte of FILENAME. This may be used to calculatethe program size or the number of pages needed to SAVE the program ondisk. RF::FERENCE: CP/M .'I\ANUAL- CP/M DYNA"1IC DEBUGGING TOOL USER '5GUIDE.

DUMP. COM -- This program types the contents of ain hexadicimal form with the HEX address listed16 bytes line. REFERENCE: AN INTRODUCTIONFACILITIES !'--1.ANUAL PAGE 30.

specified disk fileat the left of eachTO CP/M FEATURES AND

creationaedition,

sue 1'1 aseeitor.

MANUA L

ED. COM This file contains the CP/M Editor. It per~its

and alteration of text files in ASCII unGer CP/M. Inprograms in the compiled vc:"sions of high-level languagesBASIC and FORTRAN can be entered through t~e SD contextREFERENCE: AN INTRODUCTION TO CP/M FEATURES AND FACILITIES

17

CP/\II2 ON COLiBLE CE!'JSITY - QUAD C.1\PACITY NORTH ST.~R DISK.

PI\CE 25. PAR 6. 5 2n~ CP/M :·"A.\I~t\L- ED:DISK SYSTE~>' - USER IS '-!ANUAL.

A CO~TEXT i::DITOR FOR THE CP/j·1

LCAD.CC~4 -- T~is program reads 2 file tllat contains HEX machine codesuch as p!o~uced as OIJt?ut by the assembler and creates a file calledFILEN.~~~E.CO"1 i.s".>LQAC T!::STFIL.s<r:::~>

REFERENCE: A~l INTRODUCTION TO CP/M FEATUaES .ll..ND FACILITl::S ~"IA:WAL PAR:S.3 P.'\GE 17.

PIP.CCM --This is the Peripheral Interchange Program ~hich is used totransfer files from disk to disk. It also does such things as r.1ediaconversion necessary to load, print, punch, copy and conbine dis~

files. Study all the useS and for::ls of the PIP program verycarefully. You will use ~t a lot. REFERENCE: AN It{'fRCOUC'rrCN TCCP/~1 FE,~TURES .:;ND FACILITIES MANUAL - Pi\R 6.4 PAGE 18.

STAT.CO"'1 -- Another one of the im1?Qrtant CP/M progra::ls. This oneprol/ides statistical inforr.lation about the file storage and therevice asignment. REFERENCE: AN CJTROCUCTION TO CP/i'1 FEATUHES !\~D

FACILITIES MANUAL - P.;;R. 5.1 PACE 13.

SU9~IT.cor·1 -- This program allows CP/i''l commands to be "batched"t01ether for automatic processing.XSUB.CC"'1--Used with SUBMIT. REFERENCE: A!'J INTRODUCTION TO CP/MFEATUR.ES "'NO FACILITIES r-I.~l-JUAL P.a.R. "3. i PAGE 28.

SYSGEN.CO....., -- This program allows the CP/i>1 operating system to ::JeMoved from disk to cisk. REFERENCE: AN INTRODUCTION TO CP/i'<1 FEATURES.a.NO FACILITIES !'1.ANUAL - PAR. 6.6 PAGE 27.

DUMP.ASM - This is a sample .i\SM file 'Nhic~ shows !low CP/M programsare \/ritten in assembly language.

'I'HE FaLLa,...{ I!>JG PROGRAMSNQR7H STAR CP/M SYSTE~ •

. E.'CH STEP.

**SPECIAL NC'fE**ARE SPEC IALLY Dt:SIGN::::D TO aE ~SE:) '", 17H TilE:

THEY ARE .~LL 'I'UTORIAL AND ',o,j ILL PRcr,,\Pf YOU AT

LIST. CO:1 Li sts theprogram on your disk. ItsA>LIST<CR> or.\ >LIST 8: <C~>

cirectoryforms are:

and number of records fo r each

FORM,a.T.COM -- This program will format a raw diskette for single ordouble density. It will format a double sided disk when the specialdouble sided byte is set as described in para 4 of ERRATA ANDADDITIONAL INFCR~ATION FOR SYSTS"1. SOFT',.{.~RE \1A'.JUAL, REVISION 2.1 DATEDJULY 27, 1979 BY NORTH STAR COMPUTERS, INC. This byte which is inNorth Star DOS at 2034 hex shoulc be placed in CP/'-1 at 59F8 hex (in a24K system) 'and will cause CP/M to operate in double sided r.lodeann/or fast stepping mode.

18

CP/"12 ON COU9LE DENSITY - QUAD C..... P.~CITy ~~ORTH STAR iJI3K.

It is tJossible to fa rrna t a CPj," on No rth Star diskette into one0: fo ur possible fo r:La ts. The available formats are:

Do ubI e density CP/i\1 Ver'" 2. C - Type D 48 (Sin'l le sided)Quad capacity CPj", Vers 2.0 - Type 0 240 (Couble censity/sided)Single density CPIM Vers i.4 - Type S 1SDo ub 1e density CPI" Vers i.4 - Type 0 IS (Ole Vers i. 45 )

Note: Only quad capacity does double sided disks. You should alwaysuse 0 48 if your drives are single sided, or D 240 if couble sided.The 0 15 :ormats are provided so you can read and write disks inoleer fo rMa ts.

T~e fornat program will produce a rlirectory entry callec "FOR~'1AT"

which :nay be read by the North Star DOS "LI" command. This entrywill he in the sixth directory position ann will contain the typeinformation above. This is one way to see if a diskette is properlyformatted for CP/M. If a disk has not been fornatted wit~

FORMAT.CiJH, CP/"1 will assume t~at it is type 16. Any information9reviously on a diskette will be destroyed by the format process.

COPY.CG."1 -- This program copies the entire disk using the A (ALL)option to a new (may be unfornatted) disk in another drive. Theresulting fomat will be the same as the source disk. It may also beused to copy a disk until it detects an empty track using the M(~OST) option. The M option saves tine but should only be used on apreviously formattec target disk. COpy will prompt you at each stepon exactly what to do. Co not use COPY if you have a single drivesystem. Use FILECOPY as explained next instead.

PILECOPY.CCM --T!1is program will transfer files between cisks usingonly a single dis~ drive. It loads a single file at a time from thesource disk into memory, instructs the user to change disks, andwrites the file onto the new disk. To transfer a file naned"TEST. HEX" simply type the command:

FILECOPY TEST.HEX<CR>and the program will prompt you 'l'ihich disks to insert at the propertime.

SAVEUS8R.COM --This program quickly writes BIOS "patches" to the diskby writing the USER AREA of the running system plusimmediately prior (containing MODE byte) on to the disk.total of S~O bytes (2 1/2 pages).

128 bytesThis is a

CONFIG.COM --This program sets up the USER AREA for the currentlyused 1/0. It is possible to config ure the system for many L/Gconfigrations. This program must be on the disk properly patched foryour terminal when the MOVCPM.CCM program is run.

USER.ASM --This is a sample USER AREA source file which may be usedas a basis for modifying the rio of your system. See the listing inAppendix B.

ME:-1R.COMbattery

--7his program is aof different tests.

memory testIts possible

19

programforms are

t:lat performs a""lEMR<CR>" for

CP/~2 ON DOU3LE !JENSITY - QUAD r:AP.:a..CITY NORTH STAR DISK.

!1.::>rnal testing,:1 <CR'> " to co a:::ontin0usl y i"lnrl

",'VIE~R T<CR)" for fincinry the tot: of menory, anr. "f"'E,'''~

random number test only. The test will ::yclereport the location of any errors found.

:~ORMAL CPER/\TICN

DISKETTE ':C~·1PATABILITY

AS discussed inpossible format a diskare 1. 4 CP/i"'" single orcauble sided mode.

the section on the FOR~AT.CO~ progra~, it isinto one of four different CP/M moC:es. Thesedouble density mode and 2.0 CP/M sin~le or

Your QUAD CP/1"l will automatically switch into the proper for:natr.lor.:e no matter what kind of -: isk you insert so long as you [;'lake sureto do a "warm boot" when changing disks. ,\ "'...arm boot" neans typing"control C". This will caus'" the system to reset, examine the forrlatof each ~isk when accessed for the first time since th~ last warm':::oot, anrj make the necessary adjustments. If you fail to do this youmay get an error messaJe like "Beos ERROR" or "SAD SECTOR" or you may~ave scrambled files and programs that won't r~n properly.

CP/M requires a copy of itself on the system tracks (0 and 1) ofthe disk in drive ft, (only) in or~er to do a '."arm boot. This isnor~ally done ~ith SYSGEN.CC~, which moves the system from one diskto another. It is i~possible to place a quad system on the syste~.

tracks of a single density disk so use 8NLY drives 8, C or 0 Eorsingle density disks.

Remember,system will do

dothe

a •....ar~ boot wheneverrest. If in doubt at

you chan1e disks andany time, type "control

theC" •

US ING '/L~STER COM DISKS.

In "nor:nal" day-to-day operation, using CP/M with a tw·o drivesystem, you should keep one disk VJith your CP/,,", system and all ofyour frequently used disks with the extension ".CO:1", in drive f...This is refered to as the Master CeM file disk, or MASCOM. Youshould have several of these MASCCM disks, and you should replace one·.....hen it looks worn or "glassy". Keep the old disk as you never cantell when you want a program that you haven't used in a long time.

Disks containing the ASCII or BASIC files you are working onshould be placed in drive B. Generally you will not need to useSYSGEN to put CP/M systems on most of your file disks since they willonly be used in drive 8. You may find it most convenient to log inon drive 8 after doing a cold boot by typing "8: <Crt>". CP/"1 willautomatically return to B after each war~ boot.

20

CP/"1.2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY - QUAD CAPACITY [~ORTH STAR DISK.

APPE~DIX A - DISK TECHNICAL INFORMATION

.***********************************************,", DISK STRUCTURE AND SYSGEN I:"1AG8.***********************************************,

TR.AC K SECTOR SYSGEN 24K; FORMAT 0 1 N/A N/Ai8eOT 0 17 0900H 3COOHiCC? 0 19 OAOOH 3DOOHi8D05 0 35 1200H 4500Hi:"1SG 1 22 lF SOH 5280H;9105 1 23-36 2000H 5300H; i<1 aDE 1 36 26F~H 59FFHi USER 1 37-40 2700H 5AOOHiB UFFER 1 N/A 290CH 5COOH; D.A. TA N/A N/A 2B OOH 5E OOHiTOP OF SYSTEM IS 2CFFH 5FFFH

DISK ADDR000404+100H

IS

,.***********************************************,; i i FORMAT INFOR,"1ATION.***********************************************,;;FCRr~AT BYTE AT TRACK 0, SECTOR 0, BYTE SCH;CP/M DEN SIDES FORMAT BYTE; 1. 4 SO lX 10H 00010000B; 1.4 DO lX 90H 10010000B; 2. 0 DO lX OB OH 10110000B;2.0 DO 2X CFOH 11110000B;AN oLIo COMMAND UNDER NORTH STAR DOSiT,.HLL DISPLAY A DIRECTORY ENTRY NAMED "FORMAT"iWITH THE TYPE FILE AS UNDER THE DOS COLUMN.;.***********************************************,'" SKIPTA8LES.***********************************************,;

DOSS 16o 16o 48o 240

i DOUB LE;

DENS ITYDB

SKIP TABLE WITH NORTH0,5,1,6,2,7,3,8,4,9

STAR o-~ SECTORS

;.,

,DOUBLE DENSITY SKIP TABLE - CP/M TYPE SECTORS;EACH 512 BYTE SECTOR IS 4 CP/M TYPE SECTORSi512 BYTE SECTOR a IS CP/M SECTOR 1,2,3,4

DB 1, 2, 3, 4, 21,22,23,24DB 5, 6, 7, 8, 25,26,27,28DB 9,10,11,12,29,30,31,32DB 13,14,15,16, 33,34,35,31500 17,18,19,20, 37,38,39,40

;

21

CP/~2 ON QOUBLE DENSITY - QUAD C.~PACITY NORTH ST.~R DISK •

. **********************************************.•;;i ,'''OOE ARE.'\ - "1ISC DATA.***********************************************•

;lJ"'INIT:J0FTEN:

TYPERR:GLBERR:NTRKS:

ORGpa, TCHRS7RETCBDBDBS3,...,

59EDHL:)CATIOI\ISNOP NOPNOP ! NCP

ooo35o

FOR;I!'J 24K SYSTEM

YOUR OWN ReUT !NESiCALLED ON T,I/ft.RM BOOT;LIKE DOS; RESER VEDiTYPE OF DISK ERROR;GLOBAL ERROR COUNT;TRACKS PER DRIVE; RESERVED

•.***********************************************•, , , L'RI VE CONFG BYTE.***********************************************•;CONFG BYTE AT 59FBH IN 24K SYSTEM IS SAME USED BY Des;TO TELL SYSTE'I IF DRIVE IS DOUBLE SIDED OR F.~ST STEPPING;BITS 1,2,3,4 SET INDICATE FAST STEPPING IN ORDER A,B,C,C.;81T5 7,~,5,4 SET INDICATE DOUBLE SIDED IN ORDER A,B,C,D.CONFG: DB OFOH ;CBL SIDED

DB a iRESERVED

;THEDSTYSIDEDV20F LGRDYFLG

;.***********************************************•", DRIVE P.'\RAMETERS.***********************************************•;THESE DRIVE P.~R.~METERS .~RE SET THE FIRST TI'IE;11. DISK IS ACCESSED AFTER A WARM BOOT.,CP/M READS THE F0R11AT INFORMATION ON TRACK 0;AND TRANSFERS IT TO THE CCRRECT TABLE LOCATION.DRVPAR: ;AT S9FAH IN 24K SYSTEM

DB OF OH ; A : = 2. 0 DO /DSDB DBOH ;B: = 2.0 DO/SSDB 090H ;C: = 1. 4 DD/SSDB 10H ;0: = 1.4 SD/SSDB 0 ;RESERVED

MOVE EXAMPLE DRIVE PARAMETERS ARE THE 4 POSSIBLE FORMATSSCU SOH ; BIT 7=DENS ITY 0 =S D. 1 =00~QU 4CH ;8IT5=NR SIDES 0=1 SIDE, 1=2 SIDEEQU 20H ;BIT5=FOR'1AT 1=2. O. 0=1. 4EQU 10H ; 1 =DRV ROY. 0 =NOT ROY

·•;***********************************************;;; MODE BYTE;***********************************************

'10DE1:;ONEDRVRAWE IB ITNMOUNT'tJAUTOCAUTO

DBMODEEQUEQUEQUEQUEQUEQU

EIB ITFUNCTIONS

BOH40H10H821

; 59FFH IN 24K SYSTE,~

DONE IF BIT =1;BIT7=1 INDICATES 1 DRIVE;SET READ AFTER WRT;ENABLE INTS AFTER DISK ACCESS; USE DR VPAR PARA.~ETERS

;W~RM BCOT AUTO FUNCTION;COLD BOOT ,\U'I'O FUNCTIC~

22

CP/:>12 ON DOUBLE: DE:NSITY - QUAD CAPACITY NORTH ST.7.l.R DISK.

APPENDIX B - IIORIZON USER AREA LISTING

i USER. ASM; SA~ PLE US ER

DEC 4,AREA I/O ROUTINES

1979

•;THIS E~\~PLE USSR AREA IS SE7 UP FOR;THE 24K DISTRIBUTION SIZEiCP/M Ot-J QW\D NCR'r l : STAR SYSTE:-1.;AND FOR THE HORIZON CO"PUTER

·,,IT IS IDENTICAL TO THE USER AREA,PRODUCED BY CONFIG.CCt-I VER 2.1;WHEN AN 83H FOR HORIZON IS INSERTED AT 120~.

;iTT IS SUPPLIED AS A PROTOTYPE FOR ~ODIFICATION

;BY USERS WHO WISH TO ~ODIFY THEIR SYSTEMS,iTHE FOLLOWING OPTIONS ARE AVAILABLE WHE~ USI~G CONFIG;TO PRODUCE THIS USER .l\REA FOR Po. HCRIZON.iNC CHANGES AT 12lH THRU 124H WILL PRODUCe DEFAULT VALUESi OF 1 STOP 8IT, PRINTER ON RIGHT SERIAL PORT,

AND NO PARITY INITIALIZATION.,;ADDRESS 120H SELECTS TYPE OF COMPUTER; SET TO B3H FOR HORIZON CO~PUTER

;,ADDRESS 121H SELECTS NU~BER OF CONSOLE STOP B ITS (AT Hsa IT)

DEFAULT IS 1 STOP BIT; SET TO 2 IF 2 STOP BITS NEEDED

,ADDRESS 122H CHANGES LIST DEVICE TO EITHER OF;LEFT SERIAL PORT (HOROUTO), RIGHT SERIAL PORT (HOROUTI),OR PARALLEL PORT (HOROUT2); DEFAULT IS PRINTER ON RIGHT SERIAL PORTi IE: HLlS1' "'ILL Jr<tp TO HOROUT1; SET TO 0 IF PRINTER ON LEFT SERIAL PORT; SET TO 2 IF PR INTER ON PARALLE L PORT;;ADDR 123H SELECTS PARITY OPTION ON .~E.~ORY BOARDS.i SET TO 1 IF PARITY IS BEING USED WHICHi WILL CAUSE HCINIT TO JMP TO 'lINIT; DEFAULT WILL C.AUSE HCINIT TO J.~P TO NOPAR

WHICH IGNORES PARITY INITIALIZATION.

·,;ADDR 124H CHANGES THE PAGE ADDRESS IN TINIT; IF YOUR CONTROLLER BOARD ADDRESS IS NOT E800Hi AND MEMORY PARITY IS USED (SET AT ADDR 123H).; SET 124H EQUAL TO PAGE ADDRESS OF YOUR BOARD.

DEFAULT IF NOT SET IS STANDARD OE8H IN TIN IT.

23

CP/Vl2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY - QUAD CA"'ACITY NORTH ST.\R DISK.

;

0('18 =;CI-lANGE MSIZ E TO THE NQ:v1 I'l.A.L SYSTE:.t s rz E DESIRED\o1SrZE EQU 24 .Dr~TRIBUTION SYSTE2Jl

5300 =5.\ aD =coco =

;BIOS ecuUSER ':QUOFFSET EQU

5300H+(MSIZE-24)*lC2 t

9IOS+700H270GB-USER ;TO OVERLAY SYSGEN P1.r...GE

5~OO QRG USER ;ORIGIN OF THIS PROGRA"t

SAca C 38A SA5A03 C3785A5i\06 C31D5l\5<\09 C3475A5,\CC C 3525ASACF C3475A5A12 C31DsA5A15 C33S5.i\5.<\ IS ooooeo5l1,.1B DBOO

;THE JUIlilP TABLE FOLLO\'iING :-"UST;THE SEQUENCE OF JU'IPS 'lAY NOT~CINIT JMP TIN ITHCONST JMP ~ORSTO

!-lCONIN J'"P HORINOHCONOUT JMP HOROUT 0HLIST JTYl P HOROUT 1HPUNCH X'P HOROUTOHRE~DER J~P HORINOH,PRST.D1P HORPRST

DB 0,0,0J:"vIi HORLEN

;; INPUT ROUTINES

BE: PRESENT8E CHANGED

;INIT I/O PORTS AND PARITY;CONSOLE STA'rus;CONSOLE INPUTiCCNSOLE OUTPUT;PRIN'rER RIGHT SERIAL PORT; PUNCH =CONS OUT PUT;REACER=CONS INPUT; PRINTER STATUS NOT L-tPLEM;HESERVED;LENGTH OF THIS PROGRAM

;

5AIO DB035AIF Eo025A21 CA ID5A5A24 OB025A21) E'i7F5~ 2e C9

HORIN 0:INANIJZINANIRET

32HORINO27FH

;LEFT SERIAL PORT

S.lI,.29 D8055A2B EI;025~2D CA295.\SA 30 DB 045A32 E67FSA 34 C 9

5.<\ 355A 37SA 39SA 3C5A3E5~3F

5A415.~ 435A445A 46

DB06E 602CA355ADB 00F53E 300306F 1E67F

HORIN1:INANIJZINANIRET

HORIN2:INANIJZINPUSH,'IV!OUTPOPANIRET

;

52HOR IN 147FH

62HORIN2oPSWA,30R6PSt'l7FH

;RIGHT SERIAL PORT

;PARALLEL PORT;MOTHERBOARD STATUS

;READ KEYBCARD; SAVE CHAR

; RESET PI F L.\G

5A47 DB035A49 E601

HOROUT 0:INANI

31

24

;LEFT SERIAL PORT

CP/"I2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY - QUAD CAPACITY NORTH ST.~R DISK.

S.lt.,18 Cl\ J 7 SA5A4E 79.sa, 4F 0302: ..\51 C9

5A52 mC5SA 54 E 60 1SASS C.\S2SA5A 59 795A5A 030451\ 5C C 9

5A5D D8065.-a. SF E60 15.a,Sl CA5DSA5l\.64 3820SA5t) 03065/\68 79

SA59 F6805.~6B :::)300S.\FD EEROSAfiF 0300SA71 8E?05A 73 D3005.~ 75 E 67FSA 77 C9

JZrilOVOUTRET

HORDUT 1,INANIJZMOVOUTRET

HOROUT 2,INANIJZ'~VI

OUTr"lOV

TIN 1:ORIOUTXR IOUTXRIOUTANIRET

;

HOROUTOA,C2

51HOROUT 1A,C4

61HOROUT 2A,20H6.\, C

80HoBOHo20Ho7FH

;RIGH'r SERIAL PORT

; PARALLEL OUTPUTiMOTHERBOARD STATUS

;RESET PO FrAG;OUTPUT CHAR;L0;"0 ACCUMULATOR

;SE~ STROBE FALSE;SEND CHARACTER;TOGGLE STROB E

;TOGGLE STROBE AGAIN

;~ASK TO ASCII

; STATUS ROUTINES

5A78 DB035A7A =:602SA 7':. C 85A7D 3EFF5.~ 7F C9SA80 0805SA82 E602SAB 4 CBSA BS 3EFF51\87 C9

SA 88 AF5A B9 C 9

.,HORSTO: IN

.~NI

RZ"I VIRET

HORST 1, INANIRZMVIRET

HORPRST,HORWINIT:

XRARET

32

A,OFFH

52

A,OFFH

A

;LEFT SERIAL PORT

;NO KEY

;KE Y;RIGHT SERIAL POR.T

; NO KEY

; KEY

;~OT I~PLEMENTED

,;TINIT R~NRITES ALL RAM TO SET PARI~Y CORRECT

ODE 8 =.,PR 0"1 LOC EQUTIN IT:

OEBOOH/2S6 AND OFFH ;ADDR OF PROM

5A8.~ 210000

5A 80 1 6E 85A 8F 7C5A90 SASA91 C29ASA

;COME HERE IF PARITY OPTION (CONFIG 123H=I)LX! H, a;CCNFIG 124H SETS PROMLOC, DEFAULT IS OE8BMVI D, PRC"lLCC

TINKL: MOV A,HCMP 0JNZ TINCP

25

CP/~2 ON DOUBLE OSNSITY - QUAD CAP,a,CITY NORTH ST.'\R DISK.

5a.g4 Cr.O.1SA9() S757\97 Cl\.I\DSA5.'\ 9l%. 7E51\ £'8 779. ~C 2CSA 90 C 291\ 5A5A-A, 0 24SA.a..1 CAAC5ASA-a. 4 7C51\.1\S E6035AA 7 C 29A SA5A.'\A C38F5ASA,\D 3E.11SMF 03C 0

TI NC P:

TINU:

,\DI,~ov

JZ'/lOV~ov

I"'IR-1'lZINRJZ~OV

ANIJNZJ~P

I" V!OUT; N O:l

4H,.'\TINUA, :\1'"'1 , Po.

LTINC PHTINUA,H3TINCPTINKLA,41HDC eli

INIT MOT~ERaCARD

iSKIP 400B OVER PROM

; RE.\D ALL ME'1l0RYiPUT BACK ~ITH Pl>,RITY SST

AND 5E': UP SERIAL PORTSNOPAR:

.::a.31 AFSA32 D30!j5AB4 0305SAB6 030SSAB£ 0:06SABA 3EC 1SASC D3CO

;HEREXRAOUTOUTOUTOUT~VI

OUT

IF NO PARITY OPTION (CONFIG 123,1=DEFAULT)A,665A, DC 1HOC OH

HS8IT: ;SET STOP BITS HERE;CONF IG l2lH =DEF~fJLT PRODUCES 1 STOP 8 IT;CONFIG 1~lH=2 PRODUCES 2 STOP BITS

;OUTPUT CARRIAGE RETURN;TO PARALLEL PORT

PORT PI FLAGFLAG

;RESET PARALLELi CODE TO SET PO

SETS 2SSITS, 16X CLOCK, 8BITS, NO PARSETS lSSIT, l6X CLOCK, eBITS, :m P.I\R

A, DCEH iFOR 2 STOP BITSA,4EH iFOR 1 STOP 8 IT3 ;Tc) FIRST SERIAL P0RT5 ;TO ~ECJND SERIAL PORTA,37H i CJ"'!M0: RTS ER RXF DTR TXEN3 iFIRST PORT5 ; SECOND PORT2 ;CLEAR INPUT 9 UFFERS4 iON BOTH SERIAL PORTSA,30H6A,6CH6A, CDHTINl

;iDCEH; 04EH;MVI~VI

OUTOUTMVIOUTOUTININMVIOUT~VI

OUTMVIJMP

5.l%.BE 3£ 4E5ACO D3035AC2 D3055.I\C4 3E37SACS 03035ACe D305SACA DB 02SACC DB 045.I\CE 3E 305"~00 D3065AD2 3E hO5A04 03065A06 3EOO5A08 C:3695A

0008 =;HORLEN EQU S-USER iLENGTH

26