I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Letters to the Color Maven(s)

Do you see what I see?

Can you print what I see?

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Today’s panel of mavens (in alphabetical order)

Bob Hallam, PIXELOLOGIE, Inc

Don Hutcheson, HutchColor, LLC

William Li, Eastman Kodak

Danny Rich, Sun Chemical Corp

John Seymour, QuadTech

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Part 1 - Do you see what I see?

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

Help me out here… my dress, you know, that long

flowy one that I wore to the Academy Awards? What

is the correct name of the color? Fuchsia, tyrian

purple, magenta, maroon? Maybe fascinating?

Puce? Dark pink? Dusty Rose? Vermillion? My

agent and I are having no end of arguments about

the name of the color.

Famous Actress

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Famous Actress

Color names are ambiguous

Just buy a spectrophotometer and measure the darn dress

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Naming or Specifying Colors

ISCC / NBS Method of Color Naming

Based on the Munsell Color Order System (Hue, Chroma, Value)

Similar in structure to CIELAB (Hue, Chroma, Lightness)

9B to 5PBC 10 to 12V 6 to 9Center at:2.5 PB 7.5/11

L* = 76.5a* = -6.7b* = -46.1C* = 46.6hab = 262°

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

Do you agree using RHEM indicators on digital

proofs for customer approval is a good idea?

How do you respond to those smaller, less

technical customers (mom & pop) who are

unable or unwilling to purchase a light booth?

Breaking Brad

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Breaking Brad,

Key phrase: “If stripes are seen, light not 5000K”

Does not mean “If stripes are not seen, light is 5000K”

If you turn off the lights you won’t see stripes, but the light is

definitely not 5000K!

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

I was painting my toenails a lovely lavender to

match the cover of the latest GLAMOUR

magazine, but when I went outside the next day

the color was all-wrong and I had to redo

them!!! It was soooooooo annoying! Why does

this always happen to me?

Angry in Albuquerque

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

Room lighting Outdoor lighting

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Angry in Albuquerque,

It’s all about metamerism

Colors change under different lighting

Two colors might match under one lighting, but not under

another

Lavender is kind of a tough color for metamerism

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Incandescent2300 K Source

Fluorescent

Daylight

4000 K Source

5000 K Source

Metamerism – Friend or Foe?

400 450 500 550 600 650 700

Wavelength (nm)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

%R

efle

ctan

ce F

acto

r

StandardBatchABatchB

Metameric Matches

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Fluorescent Lamp Light4100 K Source

Mono-PhosphorOffice Lighting

Tri-PhosphorStore Lighting

Metamerism – More than Meets the Eye

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

D50

The only ‘legal’ way to view

color

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Same Proof Under Different Lighting…

PressroomPressroomSupermarketSupermarket OfficeOffice

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

More Examples

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Metamerism in 2012 DEER Poster Series

Frog image copyright © National Geographic

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Is it Really D50?

Standard D50 spectrumTypical D50 booth

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

Every time I go on a press ok, and I see a guy

running color, I cringe. I mean – most guys are

colorblind, right?

Fed up With Bad Color

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Fed up with Bad Color,

Yes, there are more color deficient men than women

No, not all men are not colorblind

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Global Incidence of Red-Green Color Deficiency

Ethnic Group Males Females

Europeans 8% 0.5%

Asians 4% 0.6%

Africans 2.6% 0.5%

Australian Aborigines 2.0% 0.03%

American Indians 1.9% 0.6%

South Pacific Islanders 0.8% 0.0%

The X chromosome carries the genes for Red and Green photosensors. Men have one X chromosome and women have two, so a defective genetic sequence is more likely in males. On the other hand some evidence has been reported that defective genetic sequences in women can occur in one X chromosome but not in the other producing tetrachromatic vision in maybe 6% (estimated) of women.

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Genetics and Variations in Normal Color Vision

Neitz, J., & Neitz, M. The genetics of normal and defective color vision. Vision Research (2011), doi:10.1016/j.visres.2010.12.002

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Small Field Tritanopia

The distribution of L, M, S cones is not uniform

Nor is the size or density of cones

Tritanopia is the name for having no S cone response

Lightness and Spatial discrimination is highest on optical axis

No S cones on the optical axis

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Color Tests

Ishihara Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Original Deuteranopia Simulation

Simulation of Color Deficiency

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Simulation of Color Deficiency

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Simulation of Color Deficiency

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Reverse Color Blindness

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

I read somewhere that color vision gets worse

as we age. Should I be looking to get rid of all

my senior color folks?

Ageist in Amarillo

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Ageist in Amarillo,

As we age, the lens in our eye yellows

Somehow we compensate… but not completely

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Spectral Absorption of Light

Before the Retina

Crystalline Lens Degrades with

time and the absorption of short

wavelengths increases

This is a pigment across the

retina known as the macula

This is a brownish - yellow cloud in

front of the retina

Explanation of color change with age

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Figure 4. Comparison between the lower (< 30 y.o.a.) and the upper age group (> 60 y.o.a).

Wuerger S (2013) Colour Constancy Across the Life Span: Evidence for Compensatory Mechanisms. PLoS ONE 8(5): e63921. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063921http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0063921

Evidence of partial accommodation

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

I don’t really have to think about people with

color deficiency when I design, do I?

I mean, it’s just too hard to figure out what

someone would see, anyway. Right?

Color sufficient and proud

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Sufficient and Proud,

Yes you do, and no it isn’t

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Original RGB image

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Photoshop Deuteranopia Simulation (Proof Setup)

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

I heard your response to the question about color

blindness, excuse me, color deficiency in men. I

passed the Ishahara test, so I must belong to the 90%

of men who are not color deficient.

Still, I just don’t seem to be as sensitive to color

differences as my wife. Why is that?

Just call me insensitive

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Just Call Me Insensitive,

Men who are not color deficient are still less color conscious

than women

Likely a “nurture” issue rather than “nature”

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Fun Factoid

9 out of 10 men agreed that the right answer to their wife is

“Yes Dear”.

The 10th man has not been heard from since.

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Color recall test

50 students in an algebra class at UW Milwaukee

Half male, half female

Two minutes to recall single-word color names

Average number for men: 15

Average number for women: 18

Small, but statistically significant difference

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Part 2 - Can you print what I see?

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

In my prepress department, we can’t afford

those expensive lighting booths, so one of

our guys went to Home Depot for some

plywood and spray paint. What wattage

light bulbs should he be buying?

Hardware Hank

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Hardware Hank,

Don’t try this at home!

Compare the cost of a booth to the cost of losing a big account

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Avoid Ambient Lighting

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Avoid Ambient Lighting

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Avoid Ambient Lighting

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Widely Disparate 5000 Kelvin Lamp Lights

D50 Sources

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800

Wavelength [nm]

Rel

ativ

e P

ower

- F

luor

esce

nt L

amp

s

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Rel

ativ

e P

ower

- F

ilter

ed L

amps

SPX50 FL-D50a TL950 FL-D50b FL-D50c TH-D50 CIE D50

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Discussion of Fluorescence Effects

Halftone and dithered prints are affected more by FWA than solid

patches.

Transparent / translucent inks are affected more by FWA than strongly

absorbing inks.

U V B lue R e d

P ap e r w ith F W A

M ag e nta D ot

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Fluorescence in Reproduction

400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750Wavelength (nm)

-1

4

9

14

19

24

29

To

tal R

ad

ian

ce F

act

or

Diff

ere

nce

(%

)

Apco II/IIPhotocopy Matte PhotopaperColor-matching Card

ISO Brightness 108

ISO Brightness 87

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Impact of Fluorescence on Color Reproduction

CYAN DL* Da* Db* DC* DE*ab Apco II/II 0.28 0.21 0.32 -0.37 0.22 3NT-3 0.05 0.09 -0.06 -0.01 0.02 Photocopy 1.08 -0.02 0.51 -0.44 1.43

Premium Photo 0.17 2.11 -1.93 0.92 8.21 MAGENTA DL* Da* Db* DC* DE*ab Apco II/II -0.02 0.10 -0.02 0.10 0.01 3NT-3 0.16 -0.19 -0.20 -0.23 0.10 Photocopy 0.10 0.30 -0.45 0.14 0.30 Premium Photo 0.20 0.77 -3.09 -0.24 10.17

YELLOW DL* Da* Db* DC* DE*ab Apco II/II 0.01 -0.02 -0.08 -0.08 0.01 3NT-3 -0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.01 Photocopy 0.03 -0.10 -0.73 -0.73 0.54 Premium Photo 0.16 -0.14 -1.78 -1.78 3.21

BLACK DL* Da* Db* DC* DE*ab Apco II/II 0.41 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.17 3NT-3 0.03 0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 Photocopy 0.16 0.05 -0.10 -0.09 0.04 Premium Photo -0.05 0.51 -1.14 -0.91 1.56

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

More about viewing booths later today!

Today, 2:00 – 2:45Instruments & Lighting: M0, M1, M2 & M3. What you don't know can hurt you.

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

Please help me figure out the punch line to this

joke. An ad agency exec, a prepress technician,

and a printer walked into a color booth…

Shirley you must be joking

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Shirley You Must be Joking,

Stop calling me Shirley!

We have identified perceptual differences due to

Color deficiency, age, fatigue, medications, tinted glasses

Lighting, metamerism, surround

There are also perceptual differences due to context

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

What’s Your Focus?

Merino Cardigan

$59.99

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

What’s Your Focus?

Switch to a

Healthy-

Looking Hair

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

What’s Your Focus?

Look forward to

working with

BIG

COMPANY

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

I was on a press approval and I just got back

into my office with the press sheets and what I

saw on press doesn't look the same here in my

office. Help, I might get fired! What should I

do??

Desperate in Des Moines

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Desperate in Des Moines,

If only you would have been listening

when Danny talked about metamerism!

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

I print for a high-end cosmetics company.  They provide me with files and

proofs to the GRACoL print aim.  The Purchase Order requests me to print

on an SBS stock that clearly does not meet the GRACoL paper specification.

How can I print on SBS that will simulate the GRACoL file?

How can I proof back to the customer what my printing will look like on the

SBS?

How can I get my customer to understand that what I print will not simulate

what they sent me?

Beauty in the Proof

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Beauty in the Proof,

All is not lost

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Beauty in the Proof,

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Beauty in the Proof,

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Beauty in the Proof,

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

One of my client’s art director is causing me

sleepless nights, he is always complaining that

everything we do for him is too red. I'm at my

wits end trying to educate him on what we do to

make sure the proofs and prints are reproduced

accurately – all to no avail. Any words of

wisdom?

Sleepless in Seattle

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Sleepless in Seattle,

What’s wrong with this picture of the art director?

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Color Maven,

We have our first Job being printed by multiple plants across multiple

companies. We have one source making good standard proofs and

everyone will be printing on the same stock.

Can we expect that each press operator will see the same color in our

proofs?

Is it reasonable to expect that we will receive a close simulation of our

proof from all these plants?

Confused in Connecticut

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Dear Confused in Connecticut,

No, you can’t expect everyone to see color the same

But…

It is reasonable to expect that proper Color Management will

give you a close simulation

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

I D E A l l i a n c e a t P R I N T 1 3 – B o o t h # 4 8 7 7

Your Color Mavens for the day

Bob Hallam, PIXELOLOGIE, Inc

Don Hutcheson, HutchColor, LLC

William Li, Eastman Kodak

Danny Rich, Sun Chemical Corp

John Seymour, QuadTech