Hyperthermia Cancer Treatment

NA ME : R U P O N B HO WMIK

Overview• What is Hyperthermia ?

• How is hyperthermia used to treat cancer ?

• What are the method’s use of hyperthermia cancer treatment ?

• Treatment planning and simulation process of Hyperthermiacancer treatment.

• Hyperthermia Equipment

• Side Effect Of Hyperthermia cancer treatment

• Hyperthermia in combination with other modalities

• Advantage and Disadvantage of Hyperthermia cancer treatment

• Conclusion

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What is Hyperthermia ?

• Hyperthermia (also called thermal therapy or thermotherapy) is a type of cancertreatment in which body tissue is exposed to high temperatures (up to 113°F).Research has shown that high temperatures can damage and kill cancer cells,usually with minimal injury to normal tissues.

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How is hyperthermia used to treat cancer ?

• Hyperthermia is almost always used with other forms of cancer therapy, such asradiation therapy and chemotherapy. Hyperthermia may make some cancercells more sensitive to radiation or harm other cancer cells that radiation cannotdamage. When hyperthermia and radiation therapy are combined, they areoften given within an hour of each other. Hyperthermia can also enhance theeffects of certain anticancer drugs.

• Numerous clinical trials have studied hyperthermia in combination withradiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. These studies have focused on thetreatment of many types of cancer, including sarcoma, melanoma, and cancersof the head and neck, brain, lung, esophagus, breast, bladder, rectum, liver,appendix, and cervix .

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What are the method’s use of hyperthermia cancer treatment ?

• Depending on the organ bearing the cancerous tissue three kinds of hyperthermiatechniques are recognized these types are-

Local Hyperthermia- In local hyperthermia, heat is applied to a small area, such as atumor, using various techniques that deliver energy to heat the tumor. Depending onthe tumor location, there are several approaches to local hyperthermia:

External approaches are used to treat tumors that are in or just below the skin.

Intraluminal or endocavitary methods may be used to treat tumors within or near bodycavities.

Interstitial techniques are used to treat tumors deep within the body, such as braintumor.

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What are the method’s use of hyperthermia cancer treatment ?

Regional Hyperthermia- In regional hyperthermia, various approaches may beused to heat large areas of tissue, such as a body cavity, organ, or limb.

Deep tissue approaches may be used to treat cancers within the body, such ascervical or bladder cancer .

Regional perfusion techniques can be used to treat cancers in the arms andlegs, such as melanoma .

Continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) is a technique used totreat cancers within the peritoneal cavity.

Whole-body hyperthermia is used to treat metastatic cancer that has spreadthroughout the body. This can be accomplished by several techniques that raisethe body temperature to 107-108°F, including the use of thermal chambers(similar to large incubators) or hot water blankets.

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Treatment planning and Simulation Process of Hyperthermia Cancer Treatment ?

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Hyperthermia Equipment

2 . Regional Microwave1 . Microwave

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Side Effect Of Hyperthermia

• The possible side effects of hyperthermia depend of the technique being used andthe part of the body being treated. Pain, thermal burns or blisters are the limitingadverse events of the techniques .

• In case of thermo chemotherapy ( TCHT) during the first days after the maintreatment, the occurrence of fever up to 39 °C can be observed as an expression of astrong immunostimulation and is desirable in most cases. At this time though,exhaustion,weakness, nausea, vomiting, headaches, diarrhoea and herpes labialis(blisters on the lips) can also occur .

• During the TCHT main treatment, a moderate anaesthesia is given. The patient isunable to drive for at least three days after the main treatment. In the following days,due to various reasons (e.g. after-effects of the chemotherapy or additionalmedications), reaction times can be deteriorated and, therefore, driving ability isconsiderably limited. Most of these side effects are temporary .

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Hyperthermia in combination with other modalities

• As an adjunct to traditional cancer therapy, hyperthermia has been shown to enhance cytotoxicity ofchemotherapy agents. Since adequate heating of the whole tumor volume is difficult except forsuperficially located small tumors, and in general the reported response duration is short, the use ofhyperthermia alone is not recommended .

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Advantage and Disadvantage of Hyperthermia cancer treatment

• The major advantage of regional and whole-body hyperthermia is that they seem to make other forms of cancer treatment work better. Heating cancer cells to temperatures above normal makes them easier to destroy using radiation and certain chemotherapy drugs.

• For the success of hyperthermia therapy is very important carefultemperature control. Scientists almost unanimously agree that hyperthermiaworks best when for a certain period of time to maintain a stable temperatureof the target site. But to achieve this is not always easy. Currently there is noway to accurately measure the temperature inside the tumor. Maintain aconstant temperature, without affecting the surrounding tissue, it is also verydifficult. In addition, not all tissues in the body react to the rise in temperaturethe same way - in some areas of the tissue is more sensitive than others. Forexample, the brain is very sensitive to heat.

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Conclusion

• Although basically an old and historic approach for treatment of cancer,hyperthermia is not a well-known modality among patients and medical experts.On the other hand, it has proved a very successful therapy method incombination with radiation therapy and / or chemotherapy.

• Hyperthermia is currently under study in many clinical trials, particularly inEurope, Japan and the US, to improve and better understand this promisingtechnique. Future areas of challenge and opportunity for hyperthermia include:improved understanding of thermal biology; improved technologies for deliveryand monitoring of heat treatments in patients; successful high-quality clinicaltrials; and combination of hyperthermia with emerging cancer therapies .

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Reference

• www.intechopen.com

• http://womenhealthneten.bitballoon.com/oncology19/advantages-and-disad5335.html

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthermia_therapy

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Thank you for your Attention

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