Hydrostatic

HIWPP Hydrostatic Models

HIWPP Hydrostatic Models

Model By Res. at 40 deg lat

OutputFreq.

Output Res.

Vertical Levels

NEMSready

Initial Condi-tions

Physics

GFSGlobal Forecast System

NCEP 13km to 10 days

27km to 16 days

1 hr for first 12 hrs3 hrs after first 12 hrs

¼ deg 64 Y GFS T1534 GFS 2014

FIMFlow-following, finite-volume Icosahedral Model

ESRL/GSD

10km or 15km to 16day

1 hr 1/8 deg 64 Y GFS T1534 GFS 2012 with likely physics mods

NAVGEMNaval Global Environ-mental Model

Navy 21km 3 hrs ¼ deg 64 N GFS T1534

HIWPP Non-Hydrostatic ModelsModel By Characteristics Physics

MPASModel for Prediction Across Scales

NCAR Comprised of geophysical fluid-flow solvers that use spherical centroidal Voronoi tesselations (SCVTs) (nominally hexagons) to tile the globe and C-grid staggering of the prognostic variables.Supports non-uniform horizontal meshes and/or nests.Terrain following height coordinate or hybrid coordinate relaxed at constant height.

Advanced Research WRF

NIMNon-hydrostatic Icosahedral Model

ESRL/GSD Multi-scale model based on FIM. 2D finite-volume operators from FIM extended into 3D finite-volume solvers.

WRF physics

NMMBNon-hydrostatic Multi Model on B-Grid

NCEP Based on NEMS framework; global versions uses lat/lon grid.Horizontal differencing preserves properties of differential operators and conserves energy and enstrophy.1-way and 2-way nesting supported.

WRF NMM’s physics

HiRAMHigh Resolution Atmospheric Model

GFDL Finite-Volume dynamical core on the cubed-sphere grid.Developed for global climate model, with capability to simulate statistics of tropical storms.Parameterized convection helps the resolved scale convection, rather than supplanting it. Parameterization of shallow convection by Bretherton et al. (2004)

NEPTUNE Navy Based on the spectral element/discontinuous Galerkin dynamical core; uses cubed-sphere or icosahedral grid; adaptive mesh refinement under development

Resolut’n at eq/40 deg

Output freq.

Output resolution(lat/lon)

NEMS ready

Vertical levels

Initial con-ditions

Physics

GFS 17/13km to 10day35/27km to 16d

3h after first 12h (1h first 12h)

1 / 4 deg Y 64 GFS T1534

GFS 2014

FIM 10km or 15km to 16day

1h 1/8 deg Y 64 GFS T1534

GFS 2012 with likely physics mods

NAVGEM 21km 3h 1 / 4 deg N 64 GFS T1534

Stan’s table

HIWPP Hydrostatic Models – general info(replaced with info from Stan’s table)

GFSGlobal Forecast System

NCEP NWS current operational global modelSpectral (spherical harmonic basis functions) with transformation to a Gaussian grid for calculation of nonlinear quantities and physicsVertical sigma pressure hybrid coordinate system with 64 layers

FIMFlow-following, finite-volume Icosahedral Model

ESRL/GSD Icosahedral gridIsentropic sigma vertical coordinatesFinite volume horizontal transport

NAVGEMNaval Global Environmental Model

U. S. Navy's Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Ocean-ography

Replaced NOGAPS in Feb 2013 with improved dynamical core