HYDROPOWER DAMS

By Hydro Power GroupPYP 6 – Sekolah Ciputra

2014-2015

OUR UNDERSTANDING ABOUT DAMS

A DAM is a barrier built to block the flow of water

• Hydropower dams create mechanical/kinetic energy turning those energies into electricity.

• Hydropower dams are used to create a barrier between upstream and downstream waters.

• Hydropower dams can help with flood control.

THE PURPOSE OF DAMS

• To store water to make up for the up and down changes in river flow or for water

and energy. • To raise the elevation of the water

upstream to enable water to be directed into a canal.

THE HYDROPOWER DAMSCommon hydro

turbines are usually installed either within or next to dams. The

kinetic energy of flowing water spins a

turbine, producing mechanical energy

that is converted into electricity by a

generator.

THE HYDROPOWER DAMS

• The function of a hydropower dam is to increase the elevation (head) between water surfaces and the amount of kinetic energy that can be converted into electricity as water flows through its turbines.

• Release of water stored in the reservoir behind a dam can be timed to boost hydro generation when more electricity is needed

THE BENEFITS OF HYDROPOWER DAMS

• One of the country’s most important renewable energy resources

• Reliable• Produces little solid wastes• Releases none of the harmful

gases and chemicals, such as nitrogen and sulfur oxides and greenhouse gases.

• Can provide sources for water supply, flood control and recreation

• It is one of the cheapest source of energy

A Major Risk of Hydropower Dams

Hydropower dams can greatly impact

ecosystems.

They can take over animal habitats,

and forever change and

damage aquatic habitats.

COMPONENT S OF HYDROPOWER DAMS

• Reservoir• Intake• Penstock• Turbine• Generator• Transformer• Transmission• Outflow

RESERVOIR

• A reservoir is a kind of lake or river.

• The reservoir sends water for the Hydroelectric dam so the Hydroelectric dam

could produce or generate electricity for

nearby buildings, houses, and others. A reservoir

INTAKE

The intake is a very useful machine because

when the reservoir water goes inside this machine this machine

will filter/ clean the water to avoid sharp, rubbish, or fish to get

inside the turbine.An intake

PENSTOCK

• After the water goes from the reservoir to the intake then it goes inside the penstock.

• The penstock is a long tube that makes the water goes faster to the direction of the

turbine.

A penstock

TURBINE

After the water goes through the penstock it goes directly to the turbine. So the turbine spins the water because when the turbine spin the water it generate electricity. A turbine

GENERATOR

• The generator is also a useful machine because it’s connected to the turbine and because of that when the turbine spins the turbine the generator also spins and as a result of that it generates electricity.

A generator

TRANSFORMER

When the generator spins, it also sends electricity to the transformer because the generator is connected to the transformer and as a result the transformer will be sending electricity to the transmission.

A transformer

TRANSMISSION

After the generator sends electricity to the transformer, the transformer sends the electricity to the transmission. And the transmission will send the electricity to nearby houses, buildings, and others.A transmission

OUTFLOW

After the turbine spins the water the water goes

to the outflow. The outflow is the water that

is released back to the river.

An outflow

BIBLIOGRAPHY• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8DTiztIMFA (video)• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpigNNTQix8 (video)• http://www.slideshare.net/jeufier/h-y-d-r-o-p-o-w-e-r-facts-amp-figures-2159365

(history of hydropower) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FpJCirLXHXo • http://www.fplsafetyworld.com/?ver=kkblue&utilid=fplforkids&id=16180• http://www.tvakids.com/electricity/hydro.htm• html#.VL-SvF-So• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricity • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydropower • http://www.brighthubengineering.com/fluid-mechanics-hydraulics/7120-componen

ts-of-hydroelectric-power-plants-part-one/• http://www.hydroworld.com/technology_and_equipment/turbines-and-mechanical-

components.html

• http://indianpowersector.com/home/power-station/hydro-power-plant/ • http://www.kids.esdb.bg/hydro.html