Hydrocarbons. Fossil Fuels Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal Account for 88% of energy used in the world...
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Transcript of Hydrocarbons. Fossil Fuels Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal Account for 88% of energy used in the world...
Hydrocarbons
Fossil Fuels
• Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal
• Account for 88% of energy used in the world
• Not renewable:– 1500 – 250 yrs of coal– 120 – 70 yrs of natural gas– 60 – 45 yrs of oil – where?
• Produces CO2
Natural Gas
• Mostly methane (CH4)
– Ethane, propane and butane are removed
• Highest energy/mass
• Burns the cleanest
• ~100 year supply
• Less CO2/unit of energy
• ½ of homes in US heated with natural gas
Natural Gas
• Sometime will have to be replace with gas from coal
• Another source is methane hydrate crystals– Huge amounts but difficult to get
• Sour gas?– Contains H2S which must be removed
Petroleum
• First discovered:– 1859 – Pennsylvania– 1908 – Middle East – Iran
• Mixture of hydrocarbons – straight chain
Petroleum
• First discovered:
– 1859 – Pennsylvania
– 1908 – Middle East – Iran
• Mixture of hydrocarbons – straight chain
• ½ of consumption for 500 million vehicles
– 1 billion vehicles by 2030
• Will need other mobile fuels
Petroleum
• Also used for raw materials
• Less than ½ recovered – economics
• Demand will outstrip supply in this decade
Petroleum
• Also used for raw materials
• Less than ½ recovered – economics
• Demand will outstrip supply in this decade– Price?
• Why is OPEC keeping the price of oil so low?
H11 – C4
• 14 - 16, 18 - 21, 23 - 25, 27, 29, 51, 52