Hydro Turbine Speed Governing System

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ALSTOM HYDRO TURBINE SPEED GOVERNING SYSTEM POWER

Transcript of Hydro Turbine Speed Governing System

Page 1: Hydro Turbine Speed Governing System

ALSTOM HYDRO TURBINE SPEED GOVERNING SYSTEM

POWER

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Alstom Hydro, the world’s hydropower market leader, acts as a PL ANT INTEGRATOR™, providing both com-plete power plant solutions and separ- ate products from the overall range, in response to specific customer needs.

Hydro plant control solutions cover all plant control requirements including:• Integrated control systems• Turbine governing systems• Generator excitations• Protections• Condition monitoring

• Hydro process application software

In order to guarantee safe, reliable and optimized power plant operations, Alstom Hydro has developed and qualified specific turbine speed gov- erning systems. With over 100 years experience in the field of turbine speed regulation, Alstom Hydro proposes cost-effective, reliable, innovative, customized governing solutions to its customers. The governing system is an essential part of the overall plant control system. It provides the

turbine with the feedback mechanism to control its speed under all circums-tances.

By regulating the f low of water passing through the turbine, the governor adjusts the power output being sent to the grid. This is done by opening and closing the wicket gates of Francis and Pump turbines, the wicket gates in conjunction with the blades of Kaplan and Bulb turb- ines, or the injectors and deflectors of Pelton turbines.

ALSTOM HYDRO CONTROL SOLUTIONS

• Control of the turbine start-up and shutdown sequences• Synchronisation of the turbine with the grid

• Control of the active power supplied by the generator to an interconnect- ed network• Control of network frequency on an

isolated electrical network• Protection of the unit against over- speed in case of load rejection• Control of advanced sequences

THE MAIN FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNING SYSTEM

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The governing system is comprised of electronic and oleo-hydraulic parts including:• The turbine speed load governor

(T.SLG) controller with the hydro process application software

• The oil pressure unit

THE NEYRPIC® T.SLGOne of Alstom Hydro’s latest innova-tions is the NEYRPIC T.SLG, which has been installed in a large number of power plants worldwide over a very short period of time.

The NEYRPIC T.SLG is a state-of-the-art controller, capable of performing a large number of additional functions compared to standard systems, in order to optimize plant operations, increase safety, and simplify main- tenance.

This universal controller is designed for use on all types of hydro turbines, with an unlimited power range, for both

new and refurbished power plants. Moreover, it is capable of working under all conditions and is easy to update and maintain.

Its proven application software includes a large set of advanced functions covering virtually all pro-cess requirements. This software was specifically designed to facili-tate parameterisation and diagnosis, making it quick-and-easy to use without necessitating sof tware- programming expertise. Parameters only need to be configured in the system once during the installation phase of the project.

In addition, its plug-n-play hardware is compact and modular and extremely easy to operate and maintain.

THE OIL PRESSURE UNITAlstom Hydro’s complete solution for the oleo-hydraulic part of the govern- ing system is the oil pressure unit.

The unit includes actuators, sump tanks, pressure tanks, a compressed air station, sensors and safety sys-tems and it is critical for overall power plant availability.

As the actuator is one of the key hydraulic components, Alstom Hydro developed a complete range that is better adapted to customer needs. Alstom Hydro actuators have a reduced number of individual parts compared to other products available on the market. They are extremely reliable and capable of withstanding harsh turbine operating conditions such as v ibrat ion levels, water content, and low oil filtration (up to 150 µm).

THE GOVERNING SYSTEM

SERVOMOTOR

RUNNER

GENERATOR

ELECTRICAL NETWORK

SPEED GOVERNOR

OIL PRESSURE UNIT

SHAFT SPEED

SERVOMOTOR POSITION

PLANT DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEmRESERVOIR

ACTuATOR

PRESSURE TANKGUIDE VANES /INjECTORS

Governing system architecture

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The NEYRPIC T.SLG has a modular system designed to operate in the most extreme operating conditions. It is characterised by its robustness, high level of adaptability, and simplicity.

The system is made up of two dedicated, optimized modules, the unit processing controller (uPC) and the servo positionning controller (SPC), which when combined meet all turbine governing application requirements. It can be interfaced with all types of control systems via a digital bus and/or wired inputs/outputs (I/O’s).

RANGE OF APPLICATIONThe modularity of the NEYRPIC T.SLG makes it suitable for all turbine models. The best cost/function con-

figuration is obtained by combining several modules for each type of turbine. The system can therefore control:• up to 24 independent wicket gates for Francis and Pump turbines • Both blades and wicket gates for Kaplan and Bulb turbines• From 1 to 8 deflectors and 1 to 8 injectors for Pelton turbines

THE NEYRPIC T.SLG DESIGN CONCEPT

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THE UNIT PROCESSINGCONTROLLER MODULE (UPC)The uPC module performs the most complex turbine control functions including:• Highly accurate rotation speed

regulation for synchronisation with the grid, using a specific integrated electronic circuit capable of taking 3 measurements

• Power/load adjustment• Frequency regulation• Integration of 2D and 3D laws and

numerous parameters to optimize turbine operating

• Specific advanced functions for each type of turbine (such as jet dispatch- er for Pelton, on-cam operation for Kaplan, individual wicket gate control for Pump turbine etc.)

• multi-level redundancy (SPC, uPC, sensors).

THE SERVO POSITIONING CONTROLLER MODULE (SPC)The SPC module carries out servo-motor position control via a single or double loop position control. Equipp- ed with a universal amplifier, it can control all types of actuators including third party equipment.The NEYRPIC T.SLG can handle up to 24 independent SPC modules, therefore permitting individual gate

control for Pump turbines. moreover, the SPC has both redundancy and hot swap capabilities.

WHY CHOOSE AN ALSTOM HYDRO GOVERNING SYSTEM?

• Extremely reliable and robust, designed by hydro market leader• Design fully adapted to hydro application needs• universal system for all turbine models, for both new and refurbished plants• Easy to install and operate • Improved serviceability• Long term support

Alstom Hydro completely assembles, tests and pre-configures the electronic and oleo-hydraulic parts of the govern-ing system at its ISO 9001:2000 manufacturing sites worldwide.

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THE TURBINE AUXILIARY DIGITAL TACHOMETER (T.ADT)In addition to the standard uPC and SPC modules, the NEYRPIC T.SLG can also have other modules easily added-on such as the T.ADT.

The T.ADT is the ideal product for customers who require a stand-alone independent tachometer for measuring turbine output with speed thresholds.

Designed on the same platform as the T.SLG, the T.ADT can easily work in combination with the NEYRPIC T.SLG governing system. It is a good choice of solution for both new plants and

for upgrading outdated mechanical systems in old plants.

The T.ADT functions cover:• Speed measurement • Speed signal redundancy with up to 3 sensors• Speed threshold programming and control

The T.ADT also offers advanced funct- ions not included in the uPC module such as: • Rotation direction detection • Creep and stop detection• 12 programmable speed thresholds

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THE T.SOFT DIAGNOSTIC TOOLAlstom Hydro’s T.SOFT maintenance software allows plant operators to monitor and troubleshoot problems autonomously.

This user-friendly tool features clear mimics, easy access to parameters, and produces dif ferent types of alarm and event messages with clear instructions for resolving the problem.

The software runs on any standard Windows laptop. T.SOFT commun- icates with both the T.SLG and the T.ADT via an Ethernet connection.

The main functions of T.SOFT are:• uploading of application software • Downloading and storing of para- meters• Reading and forcing of I/Os• Diagnosing a large number of test points using an integrated real-time oscilloscope • Tuning of parameters• Data recording (Historian)• Local and manual mode• Fault recorder

THE HUMAN MACHINEINTERFACE (HMI) The HMI is the interface used by the operator to manage and adjust the NEYRPIC T.SLG parameters.

using a flat-panel touch screen, the operator can intuitively navigate through the menus using the graph- ical user interface. The HmI can be customized in the user’s language.

Based on Alstom Hydro’s experience and know-how, the HMI has all the features a plant operator requires including:• Analogue and digital graphic indi-

cators (speed, gate, power, etc.)• Quick access to device parameters

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The actuator is one of the key hydraulic components required for turbine speed control. It consists of an electro-mechanical device that transforms the electrical signal coming from the NEYRPIC T.SLG into a mechanical command, sending oil to the servomotor to control turbine rotation speed.

In addition to using standard market products, Alstom Hydro has been developing in-house customised actuators for over 100 years, gaining a high level of expertise in this specific field. The range of actuator products it has designed is extremely reliable and perfectly suited to the functions they have to fulfil. They have a proven lifetime of over 40 years, requiring little or no maintenance during that time.

Alstom Hydro can provide a complete range of actuators in order to control all types of hydraulic turbines regard- less of the oil flow required to move the servomotors (from a few litres to several cubic meters per minute). The full range includes single-stage, double-stage and flanged actuators.

SINGLE-STAGE (ED Series)Single-stage actuators such as the ED12, ED25 and ED35 are suitable for oil flows less than 500 l/min. These electro-hydraulic transducers convert the electric signal from the electronic speed governor into a hydraulic flow/pressure signal on the servomotor.

DOUBLE-STAGE (D SERIES)Double-stage actuators combine a TR10 electro-hydraulic transducer with a main distributing valve such

as the D50, D80, D100, D150 and D250 models. The TR10 converts the electricsignal into a hydraulic flow (up to 20,000 l/min) to open the main distributing valve.

FLANGED ACTUATORS (DF Series)Alstom Hydro has developed an inte- grated all-in-one actuator range that includes all servomotor functions and eliminates the need to purchase and connect several individual standard products. These actuator models, which include the D50F, D80F and the D100F, are very compact and don’t require external piping, thus ensur- ing greater reliability and reducing maintenance requirements.

In addition to its principal function of connecting the electro-hydraulic transducer to the main distributing

ALSTOM HYDRO NEYRPIC ACTUATOR RANGE

The oil pressure unit is specifically designed to manage and regulate large volumes and flows of oil. For each customised unit, Alstom Hydro prioritises robustness and simplicity in order to maximise reliability and minimise maintenance.

The standard oil pressure unit oper-ates under a pressure of 64 bars,

however Alstom Hydro frequently provides higher pressure 160 bar units. The high pressure units are advantageous because they require smaller servomotors and associated parts. In addition, they use bladder or piston accumulators, thus eliminat- ing the need for a compressed air station.

THE OIL PRESSURE UNIT

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ALSTOM HYDRO ACTUATORS ARE BETTER BECAUSE THEY ARE:

• Reliable & robust• Perfectly adapted to hydraulic turbines• Fully compatible with the NEYRPIC T.SLG• Require little or no maintenance • Covered for service for the lifetime of the plant

valve, the flanged actuator model can also include a manoeuvring time adjustment orif ice, an emergency shutdown solenoid valve, an over- speed relay, a multi-slope closure law

valve and redundant sensors. Design- ed, manufactured and tested at the Alstom Hydro Global Technology Centre, these plug-and-play systems help to increase turbine performance

and reliability. They also eliminate the need for specific performance tests that are normally carried out on site for each project.

The Alstom Hydro product range also includes a number of oleo-hydraulic ancillary devices such as: • An overspeed detector• An accumulator insulation valve

These can be used as plug-n-play devices and have the same integrat- ion advantages as flanged actuators.

Alstom Hydro’s overspeed safety detector is a completely mechanical

device installed on the shaft line. It uses centrifugal force to detect excessive runner rotation speed and sends out a hydraulic signal that can be used to close the main distributing valve and stop the turbine, without using the electronic controls.

The accumulator insulation valve separates the accumulator from the governing circuit in order to prevent air from entering into it.

By maintaining the governing system under pressure, it enables servo- motor control in the power plant (even when the pumps are switched off), ensuring faster start-up under normal conditions and enabling black start.

ALSTOM HYDRO OLEO-HYDRAULIC ANCILLARY DEVICES

D SeriesED Series DF series

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Alstom Hydro can provide speed governing system owners with a comprehensive service programme covering installat ion, t raining, maintenance, spare parts and rehab- ilitation in more than 70 countries worldwide. Known as the Hydro PlantLife programme, it ensures that

customers obtain a rapid, compre-hensive response from experienced local teams and dedicated customer support centres. Alstom Hydro is the leading partner for all customers looking to optimise their investment and to secure their control equipment during the lifetime of their plant

Basic and advanced product training courses are available at Alstom Hydro regional training centres, to optimise both the use of equipment and maintenance operations. A train- ing simulator is available and can be configured with each specific custom- er application. In addition, Alstom Hydro can provide plant operators with on-site training during the commissioning phase of projects, so that they are ready as soon as the

plant starts operating. Alstom Hydro can also repair or replace spare parts using different types of spare part contracts, to meet a wide range of customer requirements.

moreover, the NE YRPIC T.SLG design facilitates quicker main-t enance operat ions . I t can be ini t ial l y ins tal led in a s implex configuration and easily upgraded to full redundancy at a later stage.

Thanks to a modular design dedicated to Hydro applications, the NEYRPIC T.SLG can address the specifications of any hydro power plant rehab- ilitation project. A large number of worldwide references are available, including emergency response within a few months time frame.

INSTALLATION, TRAINING, MAINTENANCE, SPARE PARTS AND REHABILITATION

ALSTOM HYDRO’S PLANTLIFE™ SERVICE PROGRAMME

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ALSTOM HYDRO GLOBAL PROJECT HIGHLIGHTS

CANADA La Grande - new: 33 turbine/generator units, 8654 MW.

USShasta - refurbishment: 5 x 142 MW turbine/generator units.

MEXICOChicoasen - new turnkey supply : 3 x 310 MW turbine/generator units, control system.

BRAZILItaipu - new: 10 x 700 MW turbine/generator units, control systems.

Tucurui - new: 11 x 370 MW turbine/generator units, control system.

VENEZUELAGuri 1 - refurbishment Francis: 4 x 400 MW turbine/generator units.

PORTUGALAlqueva - new pumped storage: 2 x 130 MW turbine/generator units, control system.

NORWAYNew Tyin - new: 2 x 220 MVA generators, BOP, control system.

SWITZERLANDChancy Pougny - refurbishment: 2 x 12 MW turbine/generator units.

TURKEYUzundere - new: 2 x 30 MW turbine/generator units.

FRANCEGrand Maison - new pumped storage: 12 x 157 MWturbine/generator units.

MOROCCOAfourer - new pumped storage and irrigation: 2 x 175 + 2 x 60 MW turbine/generator units, BOP, control system.

SUDANMerowe - new turnkey supply: 10 x 125 MW turbine/generator units, BOP, control system.

ZAMBIAVictoria Falls - refurbishment of 2 small power stations: 108 MW turbine/generator units.

CHINA 3 Gorges - new: 14 x 700 MW turbine/generator units,14 governors, control system.

Huizhou, Bailianhe and Baoquan - new, 3 pumped storage plants: 16 x 306 MW turbine/generator units, BOP, control system.

SOUTH KOREAYang Yang - new pumped storage: 4 x 250 MW turb- ine/generator units with adjustable double-stage.

INDIASubansiri - new turnkey supply: 8 x 250 MW turbine/generator units, control system.

VIETNAMSe San 4 - new: 3 x 120 MW turbine/generator units.

Dai Ninh - new: 2 x 150 MW turbines, control system.

Dai Ninh - refurbishment: 4 x 40 MW control system.

MALAYSIABakun - new: 4 x 315 MW turbine/generator units, BOP.

AUSTRALIATrevallyn - refurbishment: 4 x 30 MW turbine/gene-rator units.

NEW ZEALANDManapouri - upgrade: 7 x 135 MVA generators.

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