Hydro Drainage Presentation
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Transcript of Hydro Drainage Presentation
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FIRST
CLASS
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Introduction:
Stormwater is usually collected in the streets and conveyed throughinlets to buried conduits that carry it to a point where it can be safely
discharged into a stream, lake or ocean.
Sewage is water-carried waste, in solution or suspension, that isintended to be removed from a community. Also known as wastewater,
it is more than 99% water and is characterized by volume or rate of flow,
physical condition, chemical constituents and the bacteriological
organisms that it contains. Sewage may be collected from homes by
pipes into septic tanks or cesspits, where it may be treated or collected
in vehicles and taken for treatment or disposal.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewaterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_of_flowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_tankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesspithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehiclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehiclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesspithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_tankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_tankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_tankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_of_flowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_of_flowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_of_flowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_of_flowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_of_flowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater -
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Drainage is the removal of water from the land surface by steamflow,infiltration. Drainage works are usually designed to dispose of the
flow from a storm having a specified return period. Return periods of
one or two years in residential districts and five to ten years in
commercial districts.
Drainage is the disposal of excess water on land (either used or in
form of storm water). It must be distinguished from flood control
which is the prevention of damage as a result of overflow from river.
There are two type of system adopted for waste water collection.
Separate sanitary and combined system. In separate sanitary system,there is a separate sewer that collects the household, commercial
and industrial waste water and disposes them while a separate sewer
collects the storm water and disposes it separately. In the combined
system, both the storm water and domestic water are conveyedthrough the same pipe network.
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IMPORTANCE OF
DRAINAGE
Drainage can be surface (where water is conveyed on the
road surface and drainage channels), or subsurface (water
flows underneath the pavement structure).Surface and
subsurface drainage of roads critically affects their
structural integrity, life and safety to users, and is thus
important during highway design and construction. Road
designs therefore have to provide efficient means for
removal of this water.
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Drainage facilities are required to protect the road againstdamage from surface and subsurface water. Traffic safety is
also important as poor drainage can result in dangerous
conditions like hydroplaning. Poor drainage can also
compromise the structural integrity and life of a pavement.
Drainage systems combine various natural and manmade
facilities e.g. ditches, pipes, culverts, curbs to convey this
water safely.
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Background
TAGUIG CITYPopulation
Totalof613,343
Averagehouseholdsizeis5
LocatedinthesouthernsectionofMetro
ManilaandnorthwesternshoreofLagunade
Bay
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Bordered by Makati City, Pateros and PasigCity on the north, Pasay City on the west,
ParanaqueCity on the southwest,Muntinlupa
City on the south, Cainta and Taytay on thenortheast, and Laguna de Bay on the east.
NapindanRiver,atributaryofthePasigRiver,
formsthecommonborderofTaguigandPasig
City. Taguig River, another tributary of the
Pasig River, cuts through the northern half of
theCity.
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VICINITY MAP
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PROPOSED DESIGN
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CONTOUR MAP
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PARAMETERS:
Peak Flow
M=5/p0.2 Babbit Formula: where P= population in thousand
Recommended values of m should not be more than 5.0 nor less than
1.5. Minimum flows are calculated in similar manner as the peak flows.
Peak factor = 5.
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Hydraulic Design Criteria
The computation for the required, pipe sizes should be based on the
Mannings Flow Formula. The mannings equation in the SI System is
Where: V = velocity of Flow, m/s
n = Mannings roughness coefficient
R = Hydraulic radius, m
S = Slope, m/m
A design value of n = 0.013 should be used for concrete, verified clay,
and plastic sewer.
V=R2/3 S1/2 / n
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Slope
The slope of the main stream controls the velocity of flow in the
channel.
SLOPE=upper elev. lower elev. / length
where length is the distance between the center of manholes.
For sewers flowing full:
Q=VA x (.31)D2/3 S1/2 / n
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a eo Calculation:
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amp eCalculation:
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CONCLUSION:
Proper drainage is an important factor to consider in local
households or industrial plants. The treated or untreated waste could
be used as a source of irrigation, supplement stream or river flow
and could be used as a source of recharge for ground water.
Drainage failure may lead to flooding and health problems such asinfections or diseases due to contaminated water. Health issues may
be prevented by proper treatment of water before disposal and a
proper drainage plan can be done by a drainage expert/engineer.
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Recommendation
Design Standards for Sanitary and water systems must be followed.Researching the historical background of the area is also a requirement to
determine the problems encountered by the area and how to avoid having them
again.The pipe is assumed to flow full under conditions of steady flow, uniform flow.
Pipe sizes should not decrease in the downstream direction even thoughincreased in slope may provide adequate capacity in the smaller pipe. Any debris
that enters a drain must be carried through the system to the outlet, and the
possibility of clogging a smaller pipe with debris that may pass a larger pipe is too
great.
Pipe slope should conform to the ground slope insofar for minimum excavation.
Systems must be inspected and evaluated over time to determine if any parts
should be replaced or repaired.
A knowledgeable expert or professional drainage engineer must be the one to plan
for proper drainage to avoid expensive and disruptive damage.
Treatment processes must be done before disposal to natural waters to avoidpollution.
Ab Th
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About The
Author(s):
Diane Tube Arbitrario, 3rd year BSCE of TIP-
Mla. Being a successful Civil Engineer has
always been her dream career in the future.
Because she always dream of being the one to
build her parents their dream house. Shebelieves that by hard work and faith in God,
this dream will not be far from coming true.
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Christine Joy, taking up BSCE of TIP Manila,
19years old born on Dec 25 1992. She is aperson with a clean heart, peace of mind andtrustworthy. All the challenges and problemsopens her mind that to be strong. And dont
lose hope because tomorrow is another day,another chance in my life. Her parents and
grandmother is proud of her. And she hope ifshes already graduated as a full-fledgedengineer she hope to be an inspiration to heryounger brother and sister. She wants to showthem that there are no obstacles big enough to
prevent from reaching their goal. Once youbecame successful dont forget God and the
people who helped and support you and thosewho love you.
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PHOTO ESSAY: