Hybrid error concealment method based on H.264 standard for wireless transmission EE5359
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Transcript of Hybrid error concealment method based on H.264 standard for wireless transmission EE5359
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Sadaf Ahamed1000694336
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3G/4G Cellular Telephony
Figure 1.Typical situation on 3G/4G cellular telephony [8]
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Goal of Error Control: Overcome the effect of errors, during the transmission of the video frames in the wireless medium, e.g. packet loss on a packet network on a wireless network.
Method used for Error Control : Error Concealment
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Purpose of H.264
Higher coding efficiency than previous standards, MPEG-1,2,4 part 2, H.261, H.263
More error robustnessVarious applications like video broadcasting, video
streaming, video conferencing, D-Cinema, HDTVNetwork friendlinessSimple syntax specifications
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Block Diagram of H.264 Encoder
Figure 2. Encoder [9]
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Block Diagram of H.264 Decoder
Figure 3. Decoder [3]
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Error Concealment
Problem: Transmission errors may result in lost information
Goal: Estimate the lost information in order to conceal the fact that an error has occurred
Error concealment is performed at the decoder
Basic approach: Perform some form of spatial/temporal Concealment to estimate the lost information from correctly received data
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Error Concealment(cont.):
Spatial Error Concealment: 1.Estimate missing pixels by smoothly extrapolating surrounding pixels. 2.Correctly recovering missing pixels is extremely difficult. • Temporal Error Concealment: 1. Copy the pixels at the same spatial location in the previous frame. 2.Effective when there is no motion, potential problems when there is motion.
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Compare results of the recovered frames by error concealment technique from MSE: It calculates the “difference” between two images. It can be applied to digital video by averaging the results for each frame. PSNR: The most commonly used objective quality metric is the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). For a video sequence of frames. SSIM: This approach emphasizes that the Human Visual System (HVS) is highly adapted to extract structural information from visual scenes. Therefore, a measurement of structural similarity (or difference) should provide a good approximation to perceptual image quality.
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References:
[1] H.Zhi-hua and Y.Ben-shun, “A new temporal error concealment algorithm for H.264 using motion strength of neighboring area”, Conference on Education Technology and Computer Science, Vol. 1, pp. 569-572, Mar 2009. [2] X.Xiu., L. Zhuo and L.Shen, “A hybrid error concealment method based on H.264 standard”,International conference on signal processing, Vol 2, Apr 2007.[3] S. K. Bandyopadhyay, Z. Wu, P. Pandit and J. M. Boyce, “An error concealment scheme for entire frame losses for H.264/AVC”, Proc. IEEE Sarnoff Symposium, Mar. 2006.[4] L. Liu, S. Zhang, X. Ye and Y. Zhang, “Error resilience schemes of H.264/AVC for 3G conversational video”, Proc. IEEE CIT, pp. 657- 661, Sept. 2005.[5] S.Kumar, L.Xu , M. K. Mandal, and S. Panchanathan, ” Error resiliency schemes in H.264/AVC standard,” J. Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 17, pp. 425-450, April 2006.[6] S. Wenger, “H.264/AVC over IP” IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 13, pp. 645-656, July 2003.[7] J.Panyavarapom and S.Aramvith, “An error resilient framework using one-pass explicit FMO map generation and error concealment for H.264/AVC wireless video communication”, Journal of electronic imaging.[8] L. Liu, S. Zhang, X. Ye and Y. Zhang, “Error Resilience Schemes of H.264/AVC for 3G Conversational Video”, Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer and Information Technology, pp. 657- 661, Sept. 2005.[9] Soon-kak Kwon, A. Tamhankar and K.R. Rao, ”Overview of H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10”, J. Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 17, pp.186-216, April 2006.