HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can...
-
Upload
mervyn-gilbert -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can...
![Page 1: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up
What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your DNA?
Week 19, Day Four
![Page 2: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Warm up Response
-…
![Page 3: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Homework Response/CheckDid you complete the questions at the end of yesterday’s lab? Self sign off.
![Page 4: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Goals for Today
• Format Karyotyping Document• 5 minutes to revise your Mitosis quiz
• Chromosomes, Genes, Alleles
![Page 5: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Instructions for the karyotyping homework:1. Select a SINGLE group member to log into GoogleDocs2. Make a COPY the Karyotyping homework3. RENAME: YOUR character_period4. Share the copy (editing) with your other group
members AND with me
Sam Stubs-1Norma Nanny-2Captain Relish-3Glen Glendora-4Fred Fleckstone-5 Theresa Thyme-6
VIDEOS IF TIME1 What Are Genes? (5 min)
![Page 6: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Our DNA is very long
So how does it all fit into the nucleus?
?
![Page 7: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
It is stored in chromosomes
![Page 8: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Here is a picture of a pair of pig chromosomes.
We can see them because they have been made to fluoresce.
![Page 9: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
This is a picture of a male pig’s full set of chromosomes
Pigs have 19 chromosome pairs in total
![Page 10: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Here are some human chromosomes inside a cell, which have also been made to fluoresce
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes in total
![Page 11: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Different bits of the chromosomes do different things.
]l
These different bits are called genes.
![Page 13: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Gene
• A gene is the functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring.
• Genes are pieces of DNA, and most genes contain the information for making a specific protein.
![Page 14: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Genome
• A genome is all the DNA contained in an organism or a cell, which includes the chromosomes plus the DNA in mitochondria (and DNA in the chloroplasts of plant cells).
• humans have estimated 30-35,000 genes
• other 98% of DNA noncoding – “junk” or regulatory
![Page 16: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
We have 2 copies of every gene,
we get one copy from our dad and the other from our mum.
![Page 17: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
like what color hair to have, what color eyes to have & whether to be left or right handed.
Different genes tell us different things,
![Page 18: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Genes are very particular,
like phone numbers - if you get a number wrong they won’t work!
![Page 19: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
errors
______ are the basic building blocks for life. Inside each ______ is one ______ . Our ______ is stored in the nucleus.
Our DNA is very ______ so it is stored in ______. Different bits of chromosomes are called
______. Different genes tell our bodies ______ things .
We have ______ copies of every gene.______ in our genes cause problems.
Fill in the blanks using the words at the bottom:
DNA nucleus cells chromosomes genescell longdifferent two
![Page 20: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Traffic light
• I understand that cells are the basic building blocks for all
living things
• I can relate DNA to genes and chromosomes
• Are you red, amber or green?
![Page 21: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Chromosomes and Heredity• Heredity = transmission of genetic
characteristics from parent to offspring– karyotype = chart of chromosomes at
metaphase
• 23 pairs homologous chromosomes in somatic cells (diploid number of chromosomes)– 1 chromosome inherited from each parent– 22 pairs called autosomes– one pair of sex chromosomes (X and Y)
• normal female has 2 X chromosomes• normal male has one X and one Y chromosome
• Sperm and egg (GAMETES) contain only 23 chromosomes– fertilized egg has diploid number of
chromosomes
![Page 23: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
2 Basic Things Can Happen Which DNA
1. The ENTIRE DNA MOLECULE can Replicate: Then You have 2 from 1 (DNA REPLICATION---Leads to MITOSIS ..one cell goes to two cells.
OR2. Selected sections of the DNA
strand (genes) can be expressed (transcribed and into mRNA and Translated into proteins)
![Page 24: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Instructions for the karyotyping homework:1. Select a SINGLE group member to log into GoogleDocs2. Make a COPY the Karyotyping homework3. RENAME: YOUR character_period4. Share the copy (editing) with your other group
members AND with me
VIDEOS IF TIME1 What Are Genes? (5 min)
![Page 26: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Complementary Base Pairing
• Nitrogenous bases united by hydrogen bonds
• DNA base pairings– A-T and C-G
• Law of complementary base pairing– one strand determines
base sequence of other
Segment of DNA
![Page 29: HW # 63- Karyotyping project with your group (in Google Docs). Watch meiosis video Warm up What can scientists really tell about you by looking at your.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051415/56649dff5503460f94ae8724/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Chromosomes
• A chromosome is one of the threadlike "packages" of genes and other DNA in the nucleus of a cell.
• Different kinds of organisms have different numbers of chromosomes.
• Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 in all: 44 autosomes and two sex chromosomes.
• Each parent contributes one chromosome to each pair, so children get half of their chromosomes from their mothers and half from their fathers.