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HVDC for Cross Border

Power Transmission

OOMMEN CHANDY

Executive Director HVDC

POWERGRID CORPORATION OF (I) LTD

Advantages of HVDC

• Why HVDC Transmission? – Asynchronous link

– Long distances make HVDC cheaper

– Less Right of Way for HVDC line

– Improved link stability

– Fault isolation

Cost comparison of ac and dc transmission

Cost of DC terminal

Cost of AC terminal

Cost

Break even distance

Distance in km

Cost of AC Line

Cost of DC Line

500 – 700 km

96 m 46 m

400 kV AC Lines 500 kV DC Line

Comparison of right of way

Controls for Link Stability

• Active Power Control

• Reactive Power Control

• Frequency Control

• Islanded Mode Operation

• Power modulation

• Power Limit functions / Run Back Controls

A Drawing of Typical Convertor Station

A Convertor Station

Transmission line or cable

Converter

Smoothing reactor

DC filter

Telecommunication

Control system

AC filters

Shunt capacitors

or other reactive

equipment

AC bus

~~

A Typical Converter Station

Different component of HVDC Terminal

Existing HVDC in INDIA 1 – Rihand-Dadri (+/- 500

kV,1500MW)

2 - Vindyachal (2 X250 MW)

3 - Chandrapur-Padghe (+/- 500kV,1500 MW) MSTCL

4 - Chandrapur-Ramagundam (2 X 500MW)

5 – Barsoor-Lower Sileru (100 kV,100MW)

6 – Gajuwaka (1 X 500 MW + 1 X 500 MW )

7 - Sasaram (1 X 500 MW )

8 - Talcher-Kolar ((+/- 500 kV, 2000MW, upgraded to 2500 MW)

9- Ballia-Bhiwadi (+/- 500 kV, 2500MW)

10- NER-Agra (+/- 800 kV, 6000 MW , Multi-Terminal ,under execution)

11. Mundra- Mahendergarg (+/- 500 kV, 2500MW) Adani

Mundra

ADuar

• Improving Reliability and pooling reserves

• Reduced Investment in generation capacity

• Improving load factor and increasing load diversity

• Economies of scale in new construction

• Diversity of generation mix and supply security

• Economic exchange

• Environmental dispatch and new plant siting

• Coordination of maintenance schedule 11

Benefits for Regional Interconnection

Common Features of SAARC Countries

• Abundant reserves of Natural resources

• Low per capita electricity consumption

• Fast Growth in Demand & deficit of Power in some

countries

• Common nominal frequency of operation

• Similar voltage classes

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13

India Bangladesh

SAARC Countries

Nepal Bhutan Pakistan

Afganistan

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Interconnection of India

with Bangladesh

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Interconnection between

India & Bangladesh Grids

• Purpose : –Exchange of Power

between India and Bangladesh

• Interconnection :

–Baharampur(India)-Bheramara(Bangladesh) 400kV D/c line

–500MW HVDC B/b stn at Bheramara(Bangladesh)

• Type of connection : –Asynchronous(HVDC)

• Transfer Capacity : – 500MW (upgradable to

1000MW)

GOALPARA33.2 MVA

KHULNADOMJUR

LILUAH

HOWRAH(WB)

JOKA

BUDGEBUDGE

SOUTHERN

BARIPADA

HALDIATAMLUK

FALTA

KOLAGHAT

KRG'PUR(D)

ULUBERIA

KOLAGHAT(D) HWH(D)

HM

LEGEND

BHOLAGALLAMARI

LAKSHMIKANTOPUR

SUBHASGRAM

BASIRHATSONARPUR

KASBA

MANGLA13.3 MVA

SOUTH

SATKHIRA

BHANDARIA13.3 MVA

26.6 MVABAGERHAT

KAWKHALI

PATUAKHALI40 MVA

BARISAL82 MVA

230/220kV

EXISTING

132kV

FUTURE

BANDARBAN

20 MVA

COX'S BAZAR

RAUJAN

JULDAH

SHAHMIRPUR

126 MVA

Bay of Bengal

HALISHAHAR167 MVA

BURHANUDDIN

63 MVA

82 MVA

HATHAZARI

BAROAULIA

KULSISIKALBAHA

80 MVA

41 MVA

DOHAZARI

CHANDROGHONA26.6 MVAMADANHAT

82 MVA

KAPTAI

LUNGSEN

TENGA

NBU

LDTEESTA

RAIGANJ

GANGARAMPUR

DALKHOLA(WBSEB)

CH. NAWABGANJ40 MVA

SAGARDIGHI

RAGHUNATHGANJ

DEBAGRAM

KRNAGAR

RANAGHAT

TITAGARH

DPL

ARAMBAG

ARAMBAGBURDWAN

RISHRA

BELMURI

KHANYAN

BTPS

DURGAPUR

NAGARBIDHAN

MANKAR

BOLPUR

SATGACHIA

KATWA

DHULIAN

RAMPURHAT

BAKRESHWARSAITHIA

GOKARNA

FARRAKA

KHEJURIA

PURNEA

KAHALGAON

MALDA

SAMSI

DALKHOLA

KATIHAR

PURNEA(BSEB)(WBSEB)DALKHOLA

LEBONG

RAMMAM

JOYDEVPUR

GHORASAL

ASHUGANJ

MEGHNAGHATMAGURA

40 MVA

KHULNA CENTRAL192 MVA

NOAPARA

BONGAON

JEERAT

ASHOKNAGAR

DHRMPR

BARASAT

KALYANI JESSORE80 MVA

CHUADANGA

JHENAIDA40 MVA

BOTTAIL82 MVA

MADARIPUR26.6 MVA

GOPALGANJCHANDPUR

40 MVA

AMINBAZAR

FARIDPUR40 MVA

MANIKGANJ41 MVA

HASNABAD

MIRPUR

KALYANPUR

TONGI

ULLON

BASUNDHARA

BOGRA82 MVA

40 MVA

SHAHJAD

SIRAJGANJ

PUR40 MVA

BHERAMARA16.6 MVA

ISHURDIBEHRAMPUR

BEHRAMPUR

53 MVARAJSHAHI

82 MVAPABNA

NATORE40MVA

NIAMATPUR NAOGAON82 MVA

BOGRASOUTH

SRIPUR(MODHUPUR)

TANGAIL82 MVA

BAGHABARI

KABIRPUR82 MVA

68 MVA

JAMALPUR82 MVA

82 MVAMYMENSINGH

JIRIBAMKOLASIB100 MVAKHOWAI

TRIPURA

CHOWMOHANI

82 MVA

COMILLA

82 MVASOUTH

FENI40 MVA

40 MVA

COMILLANORTH

AGARTALAHARIPUR

SIDDHIRGANJ

RAMPURAGPP

AGARTALA

AMBASSA

W.PHAILENG

RANGAMATI

KHAGRACHARI

LUNGLEI

MARPARA

SERCHIP

(ZEMABAWK)

MIZORAM

AIZWAL

AIZWAL

EASTKANCHANBARI

KISHORGANJ

20 MVASHAHJIBAZAR

50 MVA

B. BARIA

B BARIA

40 MVA

KAMALPUR

SREEMONGAL

40 MVA

NETROKONA40 MVA

SYLHET

DULLABCHERA

KAILASHAHAR

KUMARGHAT

DHARMNAGAR

BADARPUR

PANCHGRAM

FENCHUGANJ

33 MVA

SYLHET40 MVA

JIRIBAM

PILAPOOL

BONGAIGAON

ASSAM

BORNAGAR

40 MVA

LALMONIRHAT

PALASHBARI

JOYPURHAT

BALURGHAT40 MVA

82 MVASAIDPUR

33.4 MVA

BOROPUKURIA

PURBASADIPUR

(2x41+1x20) MVATHAKURGAON

RANGPUR82 MVA

TURA

ALIPURDUAR

SILIGURI

MOINAGURI

PANCHAGARH

BIRPARA

MELLI

BIRPARA(WB)

GOSAIGAON

DHALIGAON

AGIA

SALAKATI

SINGIGAON

CHUKHA

GUWAHATI

NEHU

KYRDEMKULAIUMIAM-4

MEGHALAYANANGAL

BIBRA

40 MVACHATTAK

CHERRAPUNJI

SHILLONG

LONGPI

UMTRU

UMIAM

CHANDRAPUR

KHLIEHRIAT

KHLIEHRIAT

KHANDONG

HAFLONG

KOPILI

BYRNIHAT

JAGIROAD

UMRANGSO

NECHIPHU

RANGIA

AMINGAON

ROWTA TEJPUR

SAMAGURI

MARIANI

BALIPARA GOHPUR

POWER MAP OF BANGLADESH AND INDIA

GANGTOK

RANJIT

TEESTA-VTALA

LHAO

KAMENGKHUPI

SURYAMANINAGAR

SILCHAR

400kV at 132kV

PALLATANA

AZARA

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BOGRASOUTH

BHERAMARA

NAOGAON

NIAMATPUR

FARRAKA

SUBHASGRAM

KATWA

GOKARNA

JEERAT

KHULNA(SOUTH)

BOTTAIL

BAHARAMPUR

CH. NAWABGANJ

RAGHUNATHGANJ

KA

HA

LG

AO

N

SAGARDIGHI

RAJSHAHI

BAHARAMPUR

ISHURDI

NATORE

KHEJURIA

FARIDPUR

BAGHABARI

GHORASAL

MA

DH

OP

UR

SHAHJAD

PABNAPUR

SIRAJGANJ

BOGRA

INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN INDIA AND BANGLADESH GRIDS

400 kV230 kV132 kV

THE PROJECT

LEGEND

BAKRESHWAR

KOLAGHAT

BANGLADESH

INDIA

400kV D/c

(400 KV)

MALDA

DHULIAN

DURGAPUR

Existing

Under Constr. / Future

JAYPURHAT BARAPUKURIA

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India & Bangladesh Interconnection

• MOM signed between Indian Delegation and BPDB & PGCB officials, Bangladesh on November 24, 2009 at Dhaka.

• Executing Agency :

– Indian portion : POWERGRID, India

– Bangladesh portion : PGCB (Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd.), Bangladesh.

• Cost Estimate :

– India Portion : Rs. 169.86 Crore (USD 37.75 million)

– Bangladesh Portion : Rs. 736.84 Crore (USD 163.75 million)

• Commissioning Schedule : July, 2013

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Interconnection of India

with Bhutan

India - Bhutan : Future Scenario • Hydro Potential : About 21000 MW

• Major Hydro power addition – By 2020 : 11777 MW (from 14 HEP) – By 2030 : 26500 MW (from 75 HEPs) (addition of 14720MW

from 61HEPs)

• Major Projects by 2020

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Sl No

Project Capacity Commissioning

1 Punatsangchu-I 1200 2015

2 Punatsangchu-II 990 2017

3 Sunkosh 4000 2020

4 Wangchu 600 2019

5 Bunakha 180 2020

6 Amochhu 620 2018

7 Dagachhu 114 2015

8 Mangdechhu 720 2017

9 Nikachhu 210 2020

10 ChamKharchu-I 670 2018

11 Kuri-Gongri 1800 2020

12 Kholongchu 600 2018

India – Bhutan : Transmission system from future Projects

• Major portion of power from the future generation projects

in Bhutan is envisaged to be imported into Indian grid.

• 4 no of high capacity 6000MW HVDC corridors to deficit

regions of India required

– 2 nos HVDC Corridors upto 2020 (from Alipurduar and Sunkosh)

– 2 nos HVDC Corridors beyond 2020

• The 1st of the 3000MW HVDC terminal being established at

Alipurduar along with 6000MW NER-NR/WR interconnector)

– Would take care of evacuation from projects like Punatsangchu-I(1200MW), Punatsangchu-II(990 MW) & Mangdechu(720MW)

– To be commissioned in 2014-15. 20

India – Bhutan Interconnection

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Interconnection of India

with Pakistan

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India - Pakistan Discussions were held in 1998-

99 for exchange of power between India and Pakistan

To start with, 220kV interconnection was envisaged for transfer of 300MW from Pakistan to India

– Dinanath – Firozpur 220kV line

In the long term, HVDC interconnections was envisaged for bulk power exchange (upto 2000MW)

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Interconnection of India

with Sri Lanka

• Installed Capacity : 2684

MW

(Hydro – 45%, Thermal-

55% )

• Maximum Demand :

2200MW

• Demand Growth : 8 %

• Hydro potential : 2000

MW out of which 1200 MW

already harnessed

EMBILIPITIYA

MATARA

GALLE

DENIYAYA

SAMANALAWEWA

BALANGODA

MATUGAMA

PANADURA

RANTEMBE

RANDENIGALA

VICTORIA

INGINIYAGALA

AMPARA

BOWATENNA

UKUWELA

KIRIBATHKUMBURA

KOTMALE

WIMALASURENDRA

BADULLA

N'ELIYA

MADAMPE

BOLAWATTA

THULHIRIYA

KURUNEGALA

VEYANGODA

BIYAGAMA

ORUWALA

KOLONNAWA

KOTUGODA

RATMALANA PANNIPITIYA

TRINCOMALEE

ANURADHAPURA

PUTTALAM HABARANA

RATMALANA

PANNIPITIYA

ORUWALA

BIYAGAMA

FORT

KOLLUPITIYA

KELANITISSA

KOLONNAWA

S'KANDA

132kV : Underground Cable

132kV Line

220kV Line

POLPITIYA

NEWLAXAPANA

CANYON

KELANIYA

KOTUGODA

SAPUGASKANDA

KELANITISSA

KHD

KOSGAMA

VAVUNIA

POLONNARUWA

HAMBANTOTA

LAKDANAWI

LAXAPANA

SITHAWAKA

220/132 kV Sub Station

132kV GS

Hydro Power Station

Thermal Power Station

NEW ANURADHAPURA

Sri Lanka Transmission System

BARGE PS

CHUNNAKAM

KILINOCHCHI

VALACHCHANAI

132kV Line (not in operation)

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Sri Lanka : Present Power Scenario

India – Sri Lanka HVDC interconnection

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MoU Signed between GoI & GoSL for feasibility study to be carried out by

POWERGRID and CEB

Executing Agency : POWERGRID (India) & CEB (Sri Lanka)

Proposed Interconnection :

India(Madurai) – Sri Lanka(Anuradhapura) HVDC bipole line : 360 km

(Stage-I : 500MW; Stage-II : 1000MW)

Indian Territory : (Scope :POWERGRID) : 130 km

Sea Route : (Scope : POWERGRID) : 120km

Sri Lankan Territory : (Scope : CEB) : 110 km

Tentative cost : Rs. 3900 Cr. (USD 867 Million)

Rs. 3300 Cr. (USD 645 Million) (Stage-I)

Rs. 1700 Cr (USD 222 Million) (Stage-II)

Feasibility Study Report under final stage

VSC Technology of HVDC is under consideration.

Conventional LCC HVDC VSC HVDC

•High power capability - 6000 MW Lower power capability -1200 MW

•Good overload capability •Weak overload capability

• Requires stronger AC systems • Operates into weaker AC systems

• Generates harmonic distortion,

AC & DC harmonic filters required

• Insignificant level of harmonic generation,

hence no filters required

• Coarser reactive power control • Finer reactive power control

Large site area, dominated by harmonic filters • Compact site area, 50 – 60% of LCC site area

No ‘black start’ capability •“Black” start capability

• Requires converter transformers • Only conventional transformers

•Lower station losses ( ~~1.5% for both terminals) •Higher station losses ( ~ 2% for both terminals)

•Lower cost •Higher cost by 10 – 15%

•Higher reliability Lower reliability

• More mature technology •Less mature technology

•Power is reversed by changing polarity of the

converters •Power is reversed by changing direction of current

flow

• Requires use of MI cables

− Higher voltage capability

• Ideal for use with XLPE cables

− Lower voltage capability

COMPARISON

Extruded cable (VSC

only)

-- less cost

-- lighter

Mass Impregnated cable

-- Costly

-- Heavy

Indo-Srilanka HVDC Connection Link

• ± 400 kV, 4 x 250 MW HVDC Bipole Transmission Link

• From Madurai (India) to Sri Anuradhapura (Sri Lanka)

• Project having Overhead line (app 334 km) and Submarine Cable ( app 90 Km)

India Sri Lanka Sea

Submarine Cable

Overhead line Overhead line

Transmission System in the Sea Route : Submarine Cable

Transition Stn

130 Kms

120 Kms

110 Kms

Proposed Route for Interconnection

Madurai-New

Panaikulam

New Anuradhapura

Taliamannar

Thirukketiswaram *

48 Kms

Madurai

India – Sri Lanka Interconnection

Madurai

Panaikulam

New Anuradhapura

Thirukketiswaram

Proposed Route for India – Sri Lanka Interconnection

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