HVAC Trane - Engineered Smoke Control System for Tracer Summit - Applications Guide.pdf

BAS-APG001-EN

ApplicationsGuide

Engineered Smoke Control Systemfor TRACER SUMMIT®

BAS-APG001-EN

September 2000

ApplicationsGuide

Engineered Smoke Control System for TRACER SUMMIT®

BAS-APG001-EN

Applications Guide, Engineered Smoke Control System for Tracer Summit®

This manual and the information in it are the property of American Standard Inc. and shall not be used or reproduced in whole or in part, except as intended, without the written permission of American Standard Inc. Since The Trane Company has a policy of continuous product improvement, it reserves the right to change design and specification without notice.

Use of the software contained in this package is provided under a software license agreement. Unauthorized use of the software or related materials discussed in this manual can result in civil damages and criminal penalties. The terms of this license are included with the compact disk. Please read them thoroughly.

The Trane Company has tested the hardware and software described in this manual. However, Trane does not guarantee that the hardware and software contain no errors. The Trane Company, in proposing system designs and application concepts, assumes no responsibility for the performance or desirability of any resulting system design. System design is the prerogative and responsibility of the system designer.

The Trane Company reserves the right to revise this publication at any time and to make changes to its content without obligation to notify any person of such revision or change.

The Trane Company may have patents or pending patent applications covering items in this publication. By providing this document, Trane does not imply giving license to these patents.

™ ® The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of The Trane Company: Trane, Tracer Summit, and Integrated Comfort.

Printed in the U.S.A.

Worldwide Applied Systems GroupThe Trane Company3600 Pammel Creek RoadLa Crosse, WI 54601-7599

www.trane.com

© American Standard Inc. 2000. All rights reserved.

BAS-APG001-EN

Special notificationsWarnings, Cautions, “Important” statements, and Notes appear at appropriate locations throughout this manual. Read these carefully.

��WARNINGIndicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

��CAUTIONIndicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.

A caution may also be used to alert against unsafe practices and where property-damage-only accidents

could occur.

�IMPORTANTAlerts installer, servicer, or operator to potential actions that could cause the product or system to

operate improperly but will not likely result in potential for damage.

Note:

A note may be used to make the reader aware of useful information, to clarify a point, or to describe options or alternatives.

BAS-APG001-EN i

Contents

Chapter 1 Smoke control overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Methods of smoke control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Compartmentation method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Dilution method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Pressurization method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Airflow method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Buoyancy method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Applications of smoke control methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Zoned smoke control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Stairwell smoke control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Elevator shaft smoke control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Atrium smoke control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Underground building smoke control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Smoke detection and system activation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Zoned smoke control detection and activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Stairwell smoke control detection and activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Elevator smoke control detection and activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Atrium smoke exhausting detection and activation . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Design approaches to smoke control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

No-smoke approach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Tenability approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Dedicated system approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Non-dedicated system approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Design considerations for smoke control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Plugholing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Smoke feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Chapter 2 Pre-installation considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Zone operating modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Normal mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Alarm mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Adjacent mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Unaffected mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Contents

ii BAS-APG001-EN

Associated equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Fire alarm system equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Fire alarm control panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Firefighter’s smoke control station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Smoke control system equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Equipment supervision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

System testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Automatic weekly self-testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Manual periodic testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Alarm response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Automatic smoke control matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Response times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Chapter 3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Installation diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

System riser diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

System termination diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

FSCS panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

UPCM to FSCS wiring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

UPCM to FACP wiring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Hardware installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

BCU cards installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

UPCM installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

UPCM components installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

AC power wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Input/output wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

ICS communication link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

UPCM checkout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Programming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Automatic response of dedicated systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Weekly self test of dedicated systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

End process verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Response to manual FSCS commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Installation checkout and testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

End to end device and wiring checkout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Operation testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Acceptance testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Weekly self-testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

BAS-APG001-EN 1

Chapter 1

Smoke control overview

Smoke is one of the major problems created by a fire. Smoke threatens life and property, both in the immediate location of the fire and in locations remote from the fire. The objectives of smoke control include:

• Maintain reduced-risk escape route environments• Diminish smoke migration to other building spaces• Reduce property loss• Provide conditions that assist the fire service• Aid in post-fire smoke removal

Smoke consists of airborne solid and liquid particulates, gases formed during combustion, and the air supporting the particulates and gasses. Smoke control manages smoke movement to reduce the threat to life and property. This chapter describes:

• Methods of smoke control• Applications of smoke control methods• Smoke detection and system activation• Design approaches to smoke control• Design considerations for smoke control

Chapter 1 Smoke control overview

2 BAS-APG001-EN

Methods of smoke controlSmoke control system designers use five methods to manage smoke. They use the methods individually or in combination. The specific methods used determine the standards of design analysis, performance criteria, acceptance tests, and routine tests. The methods of smoke control consist of: compartmentation, dilution, pressurization, air flow, and buoyancy.

Compartmentation method

The compartmentation method provides passive smoke protection to spaces remote from a fire. The method employs walls, partitions, floors, doors, smoke barriers, smoke dampers, and other fixed and mechanical barriers. Smoke control system designers often use the compartmentation method in combination with the pressurization method.

Dilution method

The dilution method clears smoke from spaces remote from a fire. The method supplies outside air through the HVAC system to dilute smoke. Using this method helps to maintain acceptable gas and particulate concentrations in compartments subject to smoke infiltration from adjacent compartments. In addition, the fire service can employ the dilution method to remove smoke after extinguishing a fire. Smoke dilution is also called smoke purging, smoke removal, or smoke extraction.

Within a fire compartment, however, dilution may not result in any significant improvement in air quality. HVAC systems promote a considerable degree of air mixing within the spaces they serve and building fires can produce very large quantities of smoke. Also, dilution within a fire compartment supplies increased oxygen to a fire.

Pressurization method

The pressurization method protects refuge spaces and exit routes. The method employs a pressure difference across a barrier to control smoke movement (Figure 1 on page 3). The high-pressure side of the barrier is either the refuge area or an exit route. The low-pressure side is exposed to smoke. Airflow from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side (through construction cracks and gaps around doors) prevents smoke infiltration. A path that channels smoke from the low-pressure side to the outside ensures that gas expansion pressures do not become a problem. A top-vented elevator shaft or a fan-powered exhaust can provide the path.

Methods of smoke control

BAS-APG001-EN 3

Figure 1: Sample pressure difference across a barrier

Table 1 provides the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) recommended minimum pressure difference between the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side.

Table 1: Recommended minimum pressure difference

Table 2 on page 4 provides the NFPA recommended maximum allowable pressure difference across doors. The listed pressure differences take into account the door closer force and door width.

Building typeCeiling height

[Ft. (M)]

Minimum pressure difference

[In.w.c. (Pa)]

Sprinklered Any 0.05 (12.4)

Non-sprinklered 9 (2.7) 0.10 (24.9)

Non-sprinklered 15 (4.6) 0.14 (34.8)

Non-sprinklered 21 (6.4) 0.18 (44.8)

Notes:• The minimum pressure difference column provides the pressure

difference between the high pressure side and the low-pressure side.• The minimum pressure difference values incorporate the pressure

induced by the buoyancy of hot smoke.• A smoke control system should maintain the minimum pressure

differences regardless of stack effect and wind.• The minimum pressure difference values are based on

recommendations in NFPA 92A (NFPA 1996, Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems).

• In.w.c. is inches of water column.• Pa is Pascals.


4 BAS-APG001-EN

Table 2: Maximum allowable pressure differences across doors

Airflow method

The airflow method controls smoke in spaces that have barriers with one or more large openings. It is used to manage smoke in subway, railroad, and highway tunnels. The method employs air velocity across or between barriers to control smoke movement (Figure 2).

Figure 2: Sample airflow method

Door width[In. (M)]

32 (0.813) 36 (0.914) 40 (1.02) 44 (1.12) 46 (1.17)

Door closer force[Lb. (N)]

Pressure difference(In.w.c. (Pa)

6 (26.7) 0.45 (112.0) 0.40 (99.5) 0.37 (92.1) 0.34 (84.6) 0.31 (77.1)

8 (35.6) 0.41 (102.0) 0.37 (92.1) 0.34 (84.5) 0.31 (77.1) 0.28 (69.7)

10 (44.5) 0.37 (92.1) 0.34 (84.5) 0.30 (74.6) 0.28 (69.7) 0.26 (64.7)

12 (53.4) 0.34 (84.5) 0.30 (74.6) 0.27 (67.2) 0.25 (62.2) 0.23 (57.2)

14 (62.3) 0.30 (74.6) 0.27 (67.2) 0.24 (59.7) 0.22 (45.7) 0.21 (52.2)

Notes:• Total door opening force is 30 lb. (133 N); door height is 7 ft. (2.13 m). NFPA 101 (NFPA 1997, Life

Safety Code) recommends the door opening force.• N is Newton.• M is meter.• In.w.c. is inches of water column.• Pa is Pascal.• The pressure difference values are based on recommendations in NFPA 92A (NFPA 1996,

Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems).

Applications of smoke control methods

BAS-APG001-EN 5

A disadvantage of the airflow method is that it supplies increased oxygen to a fire. Within buildings, the airflow method must be used with great caution. The airflow required to control a wastebasket fire has sufficient oxygen to support a fire 70 times larger than the wastebasket fire. The airflow method is best applied after fire suppression or in buildings with restricted fuel. For more information on airflow, oxygen, and combustion, refer to Huggett, C. 1980, Estimation of Rate of Heat Release by Means of Oxygen Consumption Measurements, Fire and Materials.

Buoyancy method

The buoyancy method clears smoke from large volume spaces with high ceilings. The method employs paths to the outside and relies on hot combustion gases rising to the highest level in a space. At the high point, either a powered smoke exhausting system or a non-powered smoke venting system clears the smoke.

Applications of smoke control methodsApplying the methods of smoke control to spaces within a building provides a building smoke control system. Smoke control methods are most commonly applied to building spaces to provide zoned, stairwell, elevator shaft, and atrium smoke control.

Zoned smoke control

Zoned smoke control uses compartmentation and pressurization to limit smoke movement within a building. Typically, a building consists of a number of smoke control zones. Barriers (partitions, doors, ceilings, and floors) separate the zones. Each floor of a building is usually a separate zone (Figure 3 on page 6). However, a zone can consist of more than one floor, or a floor can consist of more than one zone.

The zone in which the smoke is detected is the smoke control zone. Zones next to the smoke control zone are adjacent zones. Zones not next to the smoke control zone are unaffected zones.

Pressure differences produced by fans limit smoke movement to adjacent and unaffected zones. The system may pressurize adjacent zones and leave all unaffected zones in normal operation (Figures 3a and 3c). Pressurizing adjacent zones creates a pressure sandwich. Or, the system may pressurize adjacent zones and some unaffected zones (Figure 3b). In either case, the system exhausts the smoke control zone, putting it at a negative pressure, relative to adjacent zones.

Note:

It is beyond the scope of this user guide to provide mathematical design analysis information for smoke control. For references to design analysis information, see Appendix.


6 BAS-APG001-EN

Zoned smoke control cannot limit the spread of smoke within the smoke control zone. Consequently, occupants of the smoke control zone must evacuate as soon as possible after fire detection.

Figure 3: Sample arrangements of smoke control zones

Note:

On Figure 3, a “+” represents a high-pressure zone and a “-” represents a low-pressure zone.


BAS-APG001-EN 7

When an HVAC system serves multiple floors (Figure 4) and each floor is a separate zone, the following sequence provides smoke control:

1. In the smoke control zone, the smoke damper in the supply duct closes and the smoke damper in the return duct opens.

2. In adjacent and/or unaffected zones, the smoke dampers in the return ducts close and smoke dampers in the supply ducts open.

3. If the system has a return air damper, it closes.

4. Supply and return fans activate.

Figure 4: Sample HVAC operation during smoke control

When an HVAC system serves only one smoke control zone, the following sequence provides smoke control:

1. In the smoke control zone, the return/exhaust fan activates; the supply fan deactivates; the return air damper closes; and the exhaust damper opens (optionally, the outside air damper closes).

2. In the no-smoke zone, the return/exhaust fan deactivates; the supply fan activates; the return air damper closes; and the outside air damper opens (optionally, the exhaust air damper closes).

Stairwell smoke control

Stairwell smoke control uses pressurization to prevent smoke migration through stairwells to floors remote from the source of the smoke. Secondarily, it provides a staging area for fire fighters.

Fans pressurize the stairwell. In the smoke control zone, a pressurized stairwell maintains a positive pressure difference across closed stairwell doors to limit smoke infiltration to the stairwell. Stairwell smoke control employs one or more of these design techniques: compensated

Note:

For simplicity, Figure 4 does not show the ducts on each floor or the penthouse equipment.


8 BAS-APG001-EN

pressurization, non-compensated pressurization, single injection pressurization, and multiple injection pressurization.

Compensated pressurization technique

The compensated stairwell pressurization technique adjusts air pressure to compensate for various combinations of open and closed stairwell access doors. The technique maintains constant positive pressure differences across openings. To compensate for pressure changes, it either employs modulated supply airflow or over-pressure relief.

If the technique employs modulated supply airflow, a fan provides at least minimum air velocity when all stairwell access doors are open. Either a single-speed fan with modulating bypass dampers or a variable volumetric flow fan varies the flow rate of air into the stairwell. The flow rate adjusts to compensate for pressure changes.

If the technique employs over-pressure relief, a damper or fan relieves air to the outside to maintain constant pressure in the stairwell. The amount of air relieved depends on the air pressure in the stairwell. A barometric damper, a motor-operated damper, or an exhaust fan can be used to relieve the air pressure.

Non-compensated pressurization technique

The non-compensated pressurization technique provides a constant volume of pressurization air. The level of pressurization depends on the state of the stairwell access doors. When access doors open, the pressure in the stairwell lowers. When access doors close, the pressure raises. One or more single-speed fans provide pressurization air (Figure 5 on page 9).

Non-compensated stairwell pressurization works best when:

• Stairwells are in a lightly populated building (for example: telephone exchanges and luxury apartments).

• Stairwell access doors are usually closed, but when used, remain open only a few seconds.


BAS-APG001-EN 9

Figure 5: Sample non-compensated system

Single and multiple injection pressurization techniques

The single injection and multiple injection techniques provide pressurization air to a stairwell (Figure 6 on page 10). Both techniques use one or more pressurization fans located at ground level, roof level, or any location in between.

The single injection technique supplies pressurization air to the stairwell from one location.

�IMPORTANTThe single injection technique can fail when stairwell access doors are

open near the air supply injection point. Pressurization air will escape

and the fan will fail to maintain a positive pressure difference across

access doors farther from the injection point.

The multiple injection technique supplies pressurization air to the stairwell from more than one location. When access doors are open near one injection point, pressurization air escapes. However, other injection points maintain positive pressure differences across the remaining access doors.


10 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 6: Sample single and multiple injection methods

Elevator shaft smoke control

Elevator shaft smoke control uses pressurization to prevent smoke migration through elevator shafts to floors remote from the source of the smoke. Elevator shaft smoke control is similar to stairwell smoke control. The stairwell pressurization techniques described previously are applicable to elevator shaft pressurization.

Currently, elevators can be acceptable fire exit routes. In addition, NFPA 101 (NFPA 1997, Life Safety Code) allows elevators to be a second fire exit route from air traffic control towers. For more information about elevator shaft smoke control, refer to Klote, J.K. and Milke, J.A. (1992, Design of Smoke Management Systems).

Atrium smoke control

Atrium smoke control uses buoyancy to manage smoke in large-volume spaces with high ceilings. The buoyancy of hot smoke causes a plume of smoke to rise and form a smoke layer under the atrium ceiling. NFPA 92B (NFPA 1995, Guide for Smoke Management Systems in Malls, Atria, and Large Areas) addresses smoke control for atria, malls, and large areas. Atrium smoke control techniques are: smoke exhausting, natural smoke venting, and smoke filling.

Smoke exhausting technique

The smoke exhausting technique employs fans to exhaust smoke from the smoke layer under the ceiling. Exhausting prevents the smoke layer from descending and coming into contact with the occupants of the atrium (Figure 7 on page 11). Effective smoke removal requires providing makeup air to the space. Makeup air replaces the air that is exhausted by the fans. If makeup air is not introduced, the space will develop a negative pressure, which will restrict smoke movement.


BAS-APG001-EN 11

Figure 7: Sample atrium smoke exhausting technique

Natural smoke venting technique

The natural smoke venting technique employs vents in the atrium ceiling or high on the atrium walls to let smoke flow out without the aid of fans (Figure 8 on page 12). The applicability of natural venting depends primarily on the size of the atrium, the outside temperature, and the wind conditions. When smoke is detected, all vents open simultaneously. The flow rate through a natural vent depends on the size of the vent, the depth of the smoke layer, and the temperature of the smoke.

Note:

Thermally activated vents are not appropriate for natural venting because of the time delay for opening.


12 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 8: Sample natural smoke venting technique

Smoke filling technique

The smoke filling technique allows smoke to collect at the ceiling. Without fans to exhaust the smoke, the smoke layer grows thicker and descends. Atrium smoke filling is viable when an atrium is of such size that the time needed for the descending smoke to reach the occupants is greater than the time needed for evacuation.

People movement calculations determine evacuation time. For information on people movement calculations, refer to SFPE 1995, Fire Protection Engineering Handbook.

Underground building smoke control

The smoke control objective for underground buildings is to contain and remove smoke from the alarm zone. The smoke control system fully exhausts the alarm zone and provides makeup air to replace the exhausted air.

Setup and zoning of the smoke detectors is part of the fire alarm system engineering effort. The fire alarm system signals the smoke control system to start automatic smoke control operations.

In NFPA 101 (NFPA 1997, Life Safety Code), chapter 30-7 states that an underground building with over 100 occupants must have an automatic smoke venting system. Chapter 10-4, for new educational occupancies, provides smoke zoning requirements. Chapter 10-4.1.3 (d) states that automatic smoke control must be initiated when two smoke detectors in a smoke zone activate. Chapter 10-4.1.3 (c) states that the system must be capable of at least six air changes per hour.

Smoke detection and system activation

BAS-APG001-EN 13

Smoke detection and system activationThe appropriate smoke detection and system activation approach depends on the specifics of the smoke control system and on the code requirements. Automatic activation has the advantage over manual activation. Automatic activation provides fast and accurate response. Each smoke control application has detection and activation requirements: zoned smoke control, stairwell smoke control, elevator smoke control, and atrium smoke exhaust.

Zoned smoke control detection and activation

Zoned smoke control activation occurs on a signal from either a sprinkler water flow switch or a heat detector. For maximum benefit, the zoned smoke control system should only respond to the first alarm. Two design techniques that prevent detection of smoke in zones other than the first zone reporting are:

• Not activating smoke control on smoke detector signals• Activating smoke control on signals from two separate smoke

detectors located in the same zone

Stairwell smoke control detection and activation

Stairwell smoke control activation occurs on an alarm signal from any device, including sprinkler water flow switches, heat detectors, smoke detectors, and manual pull stations (pull boxes). Most stairwell smoke control systems operate in the same manner regardless of the source of the alarm signal.

Note:

Smoke detectors located in HVAC ducts should not be the primary means of smoke control activation. Duct detectors have long response times and exhibit degraded reliability when clogged by airborne particles. However, a duct detector signal may be used in addition to a primary means of activation. For more information, refer to Tamura, G.T., Smoke Movement & Control in High-Rise Buildings.

Note:

Zoned smoke control should not activate on a signal from a manual pull station (pull box). If pull box activation does not occur in the zone that contains the fire, activation incorrectly identifies the smoke zone.


14 BAS-APG001-EN

Elevator smoke control detection and activation

Elevator smoke control activation occurs on an alarm signal from any device, including sprinkler water flow switches, heat detectors, smoke detectors, and manual pull stations (pull boxes). Most elevator smoke control systems operate in the same manner regardless of the source of the alarm signal.

Atrium smoke exhausting detection and activation

Atrium smoke exhausting activation occurs on a signal from a beam smoke detector. A beam smoke detector consists of a light beam transmitter and a light beam sensor. Typically, the transmitter and the sensor are located apart from each other. However, when located together, the transmitter sends its beam to the opposite side of the atrium. At the opposite side, the beam reflects back to the sensor.

Beam smoke detectors minimize interference problems created by stratified hot air under atrium ceilings. On hot days or days with a high solar load on the atrium roof, a hot layer of air may form under the ceiling. The layer can exceed 120° F (50° C). The smoke from an atrium fire may not be hot enough to penetrate the layer and reach ceiling-mounted smoke detectors (Figure 9 on page 15).

Beam detector installation typically conforms to one of two configurations: vertical grid or horizontal grid.

Note:

The description of elevator smoke control detection and activation does not apply to pressurization systems for elevators intended for occupant evacuation.

Note:

Atrium smoke control should not activate on a signal from a manual pull station (pull box). Atrium smoke exhaust systems have different operating modes depending on fire location.

Note:

Atrium smoke control should not activate on signals from sprinkler water flow switches or heat detectors. Since the temperature of a smoke plume decreases with height, activation by these devices may not provide reliable results.

Smoke detection and system activation

BAS-APG001-EN 15

Figure 9: Sample stratification

Vertical grid

The vertical grid is the most common beam detector configuration. A number of beam detectors, located at different levels under the ceiling, detect the formation and thickening of a smoke layer. The bottom of the grid is at the lowest expected smoke stratification level.

Horizontal grid

The horizontal grid is an alternate beam detector configuration A number of beam detectors, located at different levels under the ceiling, detect the rising smoke plume. Beam detectors are located:

• Below the lowest expected smoke stratification level • Close enough to each other to ensure intersection with the plume


16 BAS-APG001-EN

Design approaches to smoke controlSmoke control methods provide a mechanical means of directing smoke movement in an enclosed space. The application of one or more methods to a building provides a building smoke control system. Design approaches to smoke control include the no smoke, tenability, dedicated system, and non-dedicated system approaches.

No-smoke approach

The no-smoke approach provides a smoke control system that prevents smoke from coming into contact with people or property. Almost all smoke control systems are based on the no-smoke approach.

While the objective is to eliminate all smoke, some smoke occurs in protected spaces. By molecular diffusion, minute quantities of smoke travel against pressurization and airflow. These very low concentrations of airborne combustion products are detected by their odor. These and higher levels of diffused contaminants may not result in high-risk conditions.

Tenability approach

The tenability approach provides a smoke control system that allows smoke to come into contact with occupants. However, in this approach, the smoke control system dilutes the by-products of combustion before they come into contact with people. In atria applications, the natural mixing of air into a smoke plume can result in significant dilution. Tenability criteria vary with the application but may include:

• Exposure to toxic gases• Exposure to heat• Visibility

Dedicated system approach

The dedicated system approach, such as stairwell and elevator smoke control, provides a system that has the sole purpose of managing smoke. It does not function during normal building comfort control.

The advantages of the dedicated system approach include:

• The interface is simple, since there are few components to bypass.• Modification of controls after installation is unlikely.• Easy operation and control.• Limited reliance on other building systems.

The disadvantages of the dedicated system approach include:

• Component failures may go undiscovered since they do not affect normal building comfort control.

• Building systems may require more physical space.

Design considerations for smoke control

BAS-APG001-EN 17

Non-dedicated system approach

The non-dedicated system approach provides a smoke control system that shares components with one or more other building systems, such as the HVAC and exhaust systems. Activation causes other building systems to change modes to perform smoke control operations.

The advantages of the non-dedicated system approach include:

• Prompt correction of failures in equipment also needed for comfort control.

• Limited additional space required for smoke control equipment.

The disadvantages of the non-dedicated smoke system approach include:

• The interfaces are complex, since the only devices not bypassed by smoke control commands are high-pressure cutouts and, in some cases, duct smoke detectors.

• The smoke control system must ensure that manual control signals from the firefighters smoke control station (FSCS) are the highest priority and that automatic smoke control signals are the second highest priority.

• Modification of shared equipment or controls may interfere with smoke control system operation.

Design considerations for smoke

controlTwo phenomena hinder smoke control. The design of a smoke control system must address the problems caused by these two phenomena. The two phenomena are: plugholing and smoke feedback.

Plugholing

Plugholing occurs when an exhaust fan pulls fresh air into the smoke exhaust (Figure 10 on page 18). Plugholing decreases the smoke exhaust and increases the smoke layer depth. It has the potential of exposing occupants to smoke.

The maximum flow of smoke (Qmax) exhausted without plugholing depends on the depth of the smoke layer and the temperature of the smoke. If the required total smoke exhaust is greater than Qmax, additional exhaust vents will eliminate plugholing. The distance between vents must be great enough that the air and smoke flow near one vent does not affect the air and smoke flow near another vent.


18 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 10: Sample plugholing

Smoke feedback

Smoke feedback occurs when smoke enters a pressurization fan intake and flows into protected spaces. Design techniques reduce the probability of smoke feedback:

• Supply air intakes located below openings from which smoke might flow, such as building exhausts, smoke shaft outlets and elevator vents.

• Automatic shutdown capability to stop the system in the event of smoke feedback.

For more information on smoke feedback, refer to SFPE 1995, Fire Protection Engineering Handbook.

BAS-APG001-EN 19

Chapter 2

Pre-installation

considerations

This chapter provides considerations that must be given prior to installing an engineered smoke control system. The pre-installation considerations are:

• Zone Operating Modes• Associated Equipment• Equipment Supervision• System Testing• Alarm Response• Automatic Smoke Control Matrix• Response Times

� IMPORTANTThe local AHJ must approve the proposed system before installation

begins.

Note:

In this chapter, the application of the smoke control system as a zoned system is for general practice and conforms to national codes and publications. In all cases, the local authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) has the authority to modify requirements.

Chapter 2 Pre-installation considerations

20 BAS-APG001-EN

Zone operating modesZone operating modes are a pre-installation consideration. The design of a building smoke control system is the responsibility of the building architects and engineers. In the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) publication NFPA 101 (NFPA 1997, Life Safety Code), chapter 30-8 provides general high rise building requirements. Chapter 8-29 provides high rise building requirements based on type of occupancy. Both chapters may apply to a specific building.

Understanding the smoke control system operating modes enables the effective layout of system controls. One of four operating modes governs each zone: normal, alarm, adjacent, or unaffected.

Normal mode

A zone is in normal mode when no fire, smoke, or sprinkler alarms are present in the building. In some zoning systems, a zone may be in normal mode if an alarm condition is present in the building but the zone is not affected. In normal mode, the smoke control system is inactive.

Alarm mode

A zone is in alarm mode when it is the origin of the first fire, smoke, or sprinkler alarm. In alarm mode, the smoke control system operates fans and dampers to protect adjacent and unaffected zones and provide a smoke exhaust route for the alarm zone.

Adjacent mode

A zone is in adjacent mode when it is next to the alarm zone. However, in some zoning systems, zones that are not next to the alarm zone may be designated as adjacent zones. Other zoning systems may designate all non-alarm zones as adjacent zones. Codes do not state which zones are adjacent. In adjacent mode, the smoke control system sets fans and dampers to pressurize adjacent zones in order to contain the smoke in the alarm zone.

Unaffected mode

A zone is in unaffected mode when it is neither the alarm zone nor an adjacent zone and an alarm is present in the building. In large buildings, there may be many zones that are not near the alarm zone. Codes do not state which zones are unaffected. In unaffected mode, the smoke control system may shut down and isolate unaffected zones. Or, the smoke control system may allow unaffected zones to operate in normal mode. Actual system operation depends on the design of the smoke control system.

Associated equipment

BAS-APG001-EN 21

Associated equipmentEquipment associated with the smoke control system design is a pre-installation consideration prior to setting up the smoke control system controls. Associated equipment includes: fire alarm system equipment, fire alarm control panel, firefighter’s smoke control station, and smoke control system equipment.

Fire alarm system equipment

The building fire alarm system is responsible for detecting an alarm condition, alerting occupants by audible and visual means, and signaling the smoke control system. Fire alarm system equipment includes: area, beam, and duct smoke detectors; manual pull stations; and sprinkler flow devices.

Area smoke detectors

Area smoke detectors detect the presence of smoke at the ceiling. When activated, an area smoke detector signals the fire alarm system. The zoning of area smoke detectors must reflect the zoning of the building.

Beam smoke detectors

Beam smoke detectors detect the presence of smoke beneath the ceiling. When activated, a beam smoke detector signals the fire alarm system. In atrium applications, beam detectors may replace area smoke detectors. Beam smoke detectors minimize interference problems created by stratified hot air under the atrium ceiling.

Duct smoke detectors

Duct smoke detectors detect smoke in building air-distribution system ductwork. When smoke is present, a signal from the detector deactivates the fans in the system in which the detector is installed. However, smoke control system commands must override fan deactivation by a duct smoke detector.

In NFPA 90A (NFPA 1996, Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems), chapter 4-4.2 provides the requirements for duct smoke detectors. Supply duct smoke detectors must be located downstream of the system filters. In mixing systems, this is usually after the return air connection. Duct smoke detectors may be required in the supply duct of all air handling systems greater than 2000

Note:

Fire alarm system equipment is neither furnished nor installed by The Trane Company.

Note:

Under certain conditions, heat detectors or heat with rate of rise detectors are preferable to area smoke detectors.


22 BAS-APG001-EN

cubic feet per minute (CFM) and at each floor with a return air volume greater than 15,000 CFM.

Two exceptions limit the use of duct smoke detectors:

• Duct smoke detectors are not required in 100% exhaust air systems.• Duct smoke detector use is limited if area smoke detectors cover the

entire space served by the return air distribution. Since area smoke detectors usually cover entire floors, the typical system only requires one duct smoke detector in the common return duct.

Manual pull stations

Manual pull stations enable occupants to report a fire. When activated, a manual pull station signals the fire alarm system. A manual pull station alarm must not initiate the automatic operation of the smoke control system, since a pull station is not necessarily activated in the zone that contains the smoke or fire.

Sprinkler flow devices

Fire alarm system equipment may include two types of sprinkler flow devices: sprinkler flow switches and tamper switches.

Sprinkler flow switches, installed in fire sprinkler lines, notify the fire alarm control panel (FACP) of flow in the sprinkler lines. The FACP transmits an alarm to the smoke control system. The smoke control system may initiate automatic smoke control from the alarm. Sprinkler zones must coincide with the zone layout of the building and the zoning of the FACP.

Tamper switches are installed on manual shutoff valves in the fire sprinkler system. The switches provide a supervisory alarm signal to the fire alarm system if the shutoff valve closes. Alarms activated by tamper switches must not initiate the automatic operation of the smoke control system.

Fire alarm control panel

The FACP receives alarm signals. If the FACP receives an alarm, it notifies the smoke control system of the alarm and the alarm location. The zone layout of the FACP must match the zone layout of the building to ensure that the FACP is capable of sending accurate signals to the smoke control system. The mechanical and electrical consulting engineers coordinate the building zone layout to the FACP layout to ensure a proper interface.


BAS-APG001-EN 23

Firefighter’s smoke control station

The firefighter’s smoke control station (FSCS) enables firefighters to take manual control of the smoke control system. The FSCS must be located in an easily accessible but secure location. The normal location is near the FACP.

� IMPORTANTThe FSCS must be listed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) as suitable

for enabling firefighters to take manual control of the smoke control

system.

Commands from the FSCS control panel are the highest priority commands in the system. They override automatic control of smoke control system components.

The FSCS provides a graphic representation of the building. It shows smoke control zones and associated smoke control mechanical equipment. The panel includes: lights, an audible Trouble indicator, and manual switches.

Lights

The FSCS provides lights that show the mode of each zone and the status of each piece of smoke control mechanical equipment. The status lights must conform to a specific color code scheme (Table 3).

Table 3: Pilot lamp color codes

Audible trouble indicator

The FSCS may provide an audible Trouble indicator with a silence switch. If provided, the indicator alerts personnel to system trouble.

Manual switches

The FSCS provides manual switches that operate smoke control system fans and dampers. Normally, there is one manual switch for each piece of equipment. However, in complex smoke control systems that have very large fan systems, one switch may operate more than one piece of equipment. This allows the smoke control system to coordinate smoke control functions without damaging equipment. For example, the manual switches that control large central fan systems may also operate the mixing dampers to prevent tripping the high- and low-pressure cutouts.

Color Description

Green Fan On or damper Open.

Red Fan Off or damper Closed.

Yellow (or Amber) Verification of Operation Status light. Fan or damper not in commanded position.


24 BAS-APG001-EN

Manual switches at the FSCS are either 2- or 3-position switches. Labels show the current state of each switch (Table 4).

Table 4: Switch state descriptions

Smoke control system equipment

The smoke control system receives alarm signals from the FACP and manual command signals from the FSCS. On receiving alarm signals and/or manual commands, the smoke control system controls the mechanical smoke control equipment. Manual command signals from the FSCS take priority over alarm signals.

The smoke control system controls fans and positions dedicated and non-dedicated dampers, both in the smoke control zones and at the air handling systems. It may also position dampers or air modulation devices such as Variable Air Volume (VAV) boxes serving the smoke control zones. Equipment associated with the smoke control system includes: dampers, fans, verification of operation equipment, and the Trane® universal programmable control module (UPCM).

Outdoor air, return air, relief, and exhaust dampers

A non-dedicated comfort control system controls outdoor air, return air, relief, and exhaust dampers. In normal operation, the return damper operates in opposition to the outdoor air damper. However, during smoke control system activation, all three dampers may be closed simultaneously to isolate the air handling system for smoke control operations.

An elevator shaft damper, located at the top of a hoistway, relieves pressure generated during elevator operation. Since elevator shaft dampers are usually open, the natural stack effect of the building will tend to distribute smoke through the building via the elevator shafts. Some codes require a key-operated switch at the main floor lobby to close the elevator shaft damper. With local approval, this switch can be located at the FSCS.

Switch state Equipment

ON-AUTO-OFF Fans controlled by the smoke control system or other automatic control system

OPEN-AUTO-CLOSE Dampers controlled by the smoke control system or other automatic control system

ON-OFF Fans only controlled from the FSCS

OPEN-CLOSE Dampers only controlled from the FSCS


BAS-APG001-EN 25

Smoke dampers

A smoke damper is located in any duct that penetrates a smoke zone perimeter. Smoke dampers that are listed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) are subject to more stringent leakage tests than are standard control dampers. The listing usually includes the control actuator as part of the smoke damper assembly, but does not include the end switches.

� IMPORTANTSmoke dampers must have a Underwriters Laboratories (UL) listing for

smoke control applications (UL 555S).

Smoke dampers are ordered as a complete assembly. They are typically two-position dampers and have end switches that indicate the fully open and fully closed position. The switches are installed in the field. Dampers actuate with two types of control: pneumatic actuation and electrical actuation.

For pneumatically actuated smoke dampers, the operating pressure range (spring range) and the normal position of the damper must be specified. Typically, the normal position will be closed (normally closed). The spring range must be high (8 lb. to 13 lb.) to give the most close-off force.

Uniform Building Code 905.10.2 requires hard drawn, type L, copper pneumatic piping for smoke control system components. The air source must have automatic isolation valves separating it from pneumatic control devices not used for smoke control. Since the smoke control system will open and close smoke dampers, it may require an air pressure monitoring switch. If air pressure is lost in the smoke damper control lines, the switch transmits a Trouble indication.

For electrically actuated smoke dampers, the operating voltages are 24 Vac and 120 Vac. It is usually not possible to get actuators with DC operating voltages. A spring on the actuator positions the damper if power is lost. The power-loss position is typically the actuator closed (normally closed) position.

The electrical power that operates the smoke damper must be from an emergency power source and is monitored at a point after the last disconnect. The loss of electrical power initiates a Trouble indication.

Note:

Switches that are part of the actuator do not provide an acceptable indication of actual damper travel. They only show the operation of the actuator and not the actual position of the damper.


26 BAS-APG001-EN

Fans

Fans need additional control components for smoke control operation. Supply/return fan systems require independent control of fans. Multiple fan system Start and Stop points bypass some safety devices.

VAV systems require the smoke control system to be capable of either commanding the fans to full capacity or a higher capacity than comfort controls would command. High-pressure safeties are not bypassed in smoke control operation. Care must be taken to ensure that increased capacities do not trip high-pressure cutout devices. Excess pressures could deactivate fan systems, making them unusable for smoke control.

Verification of operation equipment

Codes require that the smoke control system provide verification of operation status indications at the FSCS. To accomplish this, the smoke control system provides devices that monitor the actual operation of fans and dampers: status switches, differential pressure switches, airflow paddle switches, current-sensing relays, limit switches, and end switches.

Status switches at fans and dampers monitor the operation of the devices. Multiple binary inputs at the UPCMs verify the On and Off status of fans and the Open and Closed status of dampers. If a status switch does not confirm the commanded (automatic or manual) operation, a Fail indicator activates at the FSCS. Failure detection must incorporate a time delay to give the devices time to function.

Differential pressure switches, airflow paddle switches, and current-sensing relays monitor fan operations. Differential switches piped across fan and paddle switches in the air stream can give erroneous indications.

� IMPORTANTA current-sensing relay is the preferred way to confirm the operating

status of a fan.

Limit switches and end switches monitor dampers. The switches activate damper Open and Closed signals for the FSCS. The damper blades activate the switches. Some codes require two switches in order to sense both the fully opened and fully closed position of the damper.

Trane universal programmable control module

The Trane UPCM must have multiple binary inputs to verify the On and Off operation of fans. It must also have multiple binary inputs to verify the Open and Closed positions of dampers.

Equipment supervision

BAS-APG001-EN 27

Equipment supervisionEquipment supervision is a pre-installation consideration. Smoke control equipment must be supervised to ensure it is operational. Supervision techniques consist of: confirming communications among system control panels; confirming operation in normal use situations; and performing weekly self-tests.

Confirming communications among all system control panels is a supervision technique that monitors basic system integrity. If any panel loses its communications, a Trouble alert is sent to the FSCS.

Normal use operations confirm the integrity of field point wiring for non-dedicated equipment. Non-dedicated equipment provides conditioned air to the building daily. When non-dedicated equipment is not operational, comfort conditions deteriorate and building tenants notify maintenance personnel.

System testingSystem testing is a pre-installation consideration. To verify proper operation, the smoke control system must include provisions for: automatic weekly self-testing and manual periodic testing.

Automatic weekly self-testing

As UL requires, the smoke control system provides automated weekly self-tests for dedicated smoke control system components. The self-tests activate components and monitor operation. They provide verification of operation status indications to the FSCS that show if the component passed or failed the test. Automatic weekly self-tests do not function if a smoke or fire alarm is present.

Manual periodic testing

As NFPA 92A (NFPA 1996, Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems), chapter 4-4 requires, the smoke control system provides a manual testing capability. It provides annual tests for non-dedicated system components and semi-annual tests for dedicated system components. The semi-annual tests are in addition to the automated weekly self-tests for dedicated smoke control system components. Building maintenance personnel schedule and conduct the tests.

The manual periodic tests verify smoke control system responses to alarm zone inputs. Some of the manual testing must be performed with the system operating on emergency power, if applicable. An alarm must be generated in each zone. The system and equipment responses must be verified and recorded. Manual periodic testing should occur when the building is not occupied.


28 BAS-APG001-EN

Alarm responseAlarm response is a pre-installation consideration. NFPA 92A (NFPA 1996, Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems), section 3-4.5.5 requires the automatic response to an alarm to be based on the location of the first alarm. Subsequent alarms from other zones must be ignored for the purposes of automatic response.

Automatic smoke control matrixAn automatic smoke control matrix (Figure 11) shows each piece of mechanical equipment and each building zone. The matrix shows the automatic response of each piece of equipment to an initial alarm for each smoke zone. It also shows the mode of each zone based on an alarm in another zone. Commands from the FSCS may override the automatic responses. The matrix must be engineered for a specific project.

Figure 11: Sample automatic smoke control matrix

Equipment First smoke zone in alarm

Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4

Main sup fan On On On On

Main R/E fan On On On On

Stair press fan On On On On

1st flr sup dmpr CLS OPN CLS CLS

1st flr ret dmpr Open CLS CLS CLS

2nd flr sup dmpr Open CLS Open CLS

2nd flr ret dmpr Close Open Close Close

3rd flr sup dmpr Close Open Close Open

3rd flr ret dmpr Close Close Open Close

4th flr sup dmpr Close Close Open Close

4th flr ret dmpr Close Close Close Open

Smoke zone 1 Alarm Adjacent Unaffected Unaffected

Smoke zone 2 Adjacent Alarm Adjacent Unaffected

Smoke zone 3 Unaffected Adjacent Alarm Adjacent

Smoke zone 4 Unaffected Unaffected Adjacent Alarm

Response times

BAS-APG001-EN 29

Response timesResponse times are a pre-installation consideration. For a discussion of response time requirements for smoke control systems, refer to NFPA 92A (NFPA 1996, Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems), section 3-4.3.3 and NFPA 92B (NFPA 1995, Guide for Smoke Management Systems in Malls, Atria, and Large Areas), section 4-4.4. The activation sequence should be accomplished so as to avoid damage to the equipment. For example, the dampers should be opened before starting the fans. Table 5 shows the required response times, as published in the referenced NFPA documentation.

Table 5: NFPA response time requirements

Component Response time

Damper operation to desired state(open or closed)

75 seconds

Fan operation to desired state(on or off)

60 seconds

Note:

Some building codes such as the Uniform Building Code have much more stringent response times. As with all of the considerations discussed in this chapter, the local authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) has the final word.

BAS-APG001-EN 31

Chapter 3

Installation

Engineered smoke control is an add-on to the Trane® Tracer Summit® building control system. The Tracer Summit system manages the comfort, lighting, and related mechanical systems of a building. The installation of Tracer Summit has additional requirements when used in smoke control applications. System layout, wiring requirements, and capacities differ from systems that do not employ smoke control.

The installation of the smoke control system includes a Trane building control unit (BCU), Trane universal programmable control module (UPCM) cards, and wiring.

�IMPORTANTThe only panels allowed on the Comm4 link are UUKL-approved panels.

Since only the UPCM has Underwriters Laboratories (UL) smoke control approval, only UPCMs are installed on the smoke control communications link. Other Comm4 devices must be on a separate link. This chapter provides information and procedures for:

• Installation diagrams• Hardware installation• Programming• Installation checkout and testing

For more installation information, refer to:

• Tracer Summit® Hardware and Software Installation Guide, order number BMTW-SVN01A-EN

• Universal PCM Installation Guide, order number EMTX-IN-22A

Chapter 3 Installation

32 BAS-APG001-EN

Installation diagramsInstallation diagrams provide requirements and restrictions to the installer. The smoke control system installation diagrams consist of system riser and system termination diagrams.

System riser diagrams

System riser diagrams (Figure 12 on page 33) show panel locations, power requirements, power sources, and interconnecting wiring requirements. System riser diagrams also show the wiring that must be in conduit.

Installation diagrams

BAS-APG001-EN 33

Figure 12: Sample system riser diagram


34 BAS-APG001-EN

System termination diagrams

System termination diagrams show wire terminations at panels and field devices. Guidelines for creating System Termination Diagrams include:

• Diagrams for UPCM panels may be formatted as lists.• Diagrams for field devices show: normal state, expected operation,

and voltage requirements. An example of a normal state notation is normally open. An example of an expected operation description is closed contact opens damper.

• Diagrams for field devices not furnished by Trane are created during installation. After installation, the diagrams become part of the as-built documentation.

• Diagrams for the control of starters and variable flow devices (VFDs) must show the required relays and connections for the hierarchy of control (Figure 13 on page 35). Relays must enable starters and VFDs to bypass some safety devices and the local manual switches. Also, manual controls from the firefighter’s smoke control station (FSCS) must be wired to give them the highest priority of control.


BAS-APG001-EN 35

Figure 13: Sample fan starter wiring diagram


36 BAS-APG001-EN

FSCS panel

The FSCS panel is designed for a specific smoke control system (Figure 14). A listed vendor for FSCS panels provides it. The FSCS is furnished as part of the smoke control system. Before ordering the panel, UL must approve front panel drawings that show lights and switches.

Figure 14: Sample FSCS panel


BAS-APG001-EN 37

UPCM to FSCS wiring

The wiring between a UPCM and the FSCS is non-supervised and power limited. Additional requirements are:

• UPCM and FSCS must be in the same room.• Wiring between the UPCM and FSCS must be in conduit.• Wiring distance cannot exceed 20 feet.• Wire must be #18 AWG.

The number of wires needed between the UPCM(s) and the FSCS is determined by the total number of zones and manual override switches at the FSCS. Multiple UPCM panels may be required to monitor and control the FSCS. One UPCM controls the trouble LED and the Sonalert audible alarm of the FSCS, as well as supplying 24 Vac power to operate the lamp test relay(s). Table 6 shows wires for a typical UPCM. Table 7 shows wires for the UPCM that controls the FSCS trouble LED and the Sonalert audible alarm. Figure 15 on page 38 shows UPCM to FSCS wiring.

Table 6: Wires for a typical UPCM that communicates to an FSCS

Table 7: Wires for a UPCM that controls FSCS trouble LED and Sonalert alarm

Wiresper

UPCM

Type Description

1—18 24 Vac Binary output to light LED on FSCS

1 24 Vac Common

2—16 15 Vdc Two binary input wires per FSCS switch (up to 8 switches per UPCM)

1 15 Vdc Binary input wire for lamp test signal

1 15 Vdc Common

Wiresper

UPCM

Type Description

1—16 24 Vac Binary output to light LED on FSCS

1 Binary output controlling trouble LED

1 Binary output controlling Sonalert alarm

1 24 Vac “Hot” power wire for the FSCS lamp test relays

1 24 Vac Common

2—16 15 Vdc Two binary input wires per FSCS switch (up to 8 switches per UPCM)

1 15 Vdc Binary input wire for lamp test signal

1 15 Vdc Common


38 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 15: UPCM to FSCS wiring


BAS-APG001-EN 39

UPCM to FACP wiring

The wiring between the UPCM and the FACP is non-supervised and power limited. In addition:

• UPCM and FACP must be in the same room. • Wiring between the UPCM and FACP must be in conduit. • Wiring distance cannot exceed 20 feet. • Wire must be #18 AWG.

The number of wires needed between the UPCM(s) and the FACP is determined by the total number of zones in the fire alarm system. Multiple UPCM panels may be required to monitor and control the FACP. Table 8 shows wires for a typical UPCM. Figure 16 on page 40 shows UPCM to FACP wiring detail.

Table 8: Wires for a typical UPCM that communicates to an FACP

Wiresper

UPCM

Type Description

1—36 15 Vdc One binary input wire per smoke zone on the FACP (up to 36 zones per UPCM)

1 15 Vdc Common


40 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 16: UPCM to FACP wiring

Hardware installation

BAS-APG001-EN 41

Hardware installationHardware installation consists of mounting BCU and UPCM components, wiring the system, and performing UPCM checkout. With the exception of smoke control considerations, panel installation and point layout for the smoke control system is the same as for a comfort control system without the smoke control function. Following are procedures and information for hardware installation, wiring, and checkout.

Before installing the BCU, UPCM, and their components, verify that the model number matches the model ordered. Table 6 describes each field in the BCU model number. Table 7 on page 42 describes each field in the UPCM model number.

Table 6: BCU model number description

B M T W 0 0 0 A A 0 A 1 2 3 4 1 A 3 5 0 0 0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Digits 1, 2, 3, 4Tracer Summit building management system

Digit 12: Model0=Standard memory configuration1=Extended memory configuration

Digits 5, 6, 7Not used

Digits 13, 14, 15, 16: UCM communications cards0=None1=COMM2 (UCP1)*2=COMM3 (PCM, TCM, LCP, Scroll, CSC and TRA/RTW)3=COMM3 Non-isolated (VAV, TRS)*4=COMM4 Non-isolated (UCP2, Universal PCM, TUC, VAV II/III, VOYAGER, and Intellipak)5=COMM5 (ZN.510, ZN.520)

Digit 8: Input power supplyA=US, 120 Vac only*B=International, 120/240 Vac*C=CE, 240 Vac— CE marked*D=UL864 UUKL listed

Digit 17: Place holderA=None

Digit 9: ModelA=Four UCM communications card slots

Digits 18, 19, 20: Internal card options0=None1=ARCNET card (coaxial)*2=ARCNET card (fiber-optic)*3=ARCNET hub (3 coaxial)*4=ARCNET hub (1 fiber-optic/2 coaxial)*5=ARCNET hub (2 fiber-optic/2 coaxial)*6=RS-232 port*7=Internal modem*8=Ethernet card (coaxial/twisted pair)

Digits 10 and 11: Design sequence0A=Factory installed

Digit 22: Local I/O0=None1=5UIP/1BOP*

* Not available on UL864 UUKL listed units


42 BAS-APG001-EN

Table 7: UPCM model number description

B M T U 0 0 0 A A A S 2 3 4 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Digits 1, 2, 3, 4: Universal programmable control module (UPCM)

Digits 15, 16, 17: Input cards0=None1=Universal input2=Binary input*

Digits 5, 6, 7Not used

Digits 180=No display1=UPCM local display*

Digit 8: Input power supplyA=US, 120 Vac only with wired receptacle*B=International, 120/240 Vac without receptacle*C=24 Vac Class 2 input*D=120 Vac with wired receptacle, UL864 UUKL listed

Digits 19, 20, 21: No options for these digits000

Digits 9, 10: Standard model and design sequenceAA

Digit 22: Transformer options0=No auxiliary transformer1=Auxiliary transformer only2=Auxiliary transformer and power supply3=Power supply only*

Digit 11: Enclosure type and ambient ratingU=No enclosure, 25 C ambient*S=Type 1 enclosure, 50 C ambient rating (25 C for UUKL864 listed units)E=Type 1 enclosure, 70 C ambient rating*N=Type 4 enclosure, 70 C ambient rating*

Digits 23, 24: Not used00

Digits 12, 13, 14: I/O cards0=None1=Universal input2=Binary input*3=Analog output4=Binary output5=Combo output*6=Analog output with override*7=Binary output with override*8=Combo output with override*

* Not available on UL864 UUKL listed units


BAS-APG001-EN 43

BCU cards installation

The smoke control system may require the installation of two types of cards in the BCU: one Ethernet 10BaseT card and one to four non-isolated Comm4 cards.

Ethernet 10BaseT card

The Ethernet 10BaseT network interface card provides for a single coaxial cable or twisted pair wire. It is used for input to a BCU from a bus or star configuration. Figure 17 on page 44 shows Ethernet 10BaseT wiring.


44 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 17: Ethernet 10BaseT wiring


BAS-APG001-EN 45

When configuring the network interface card, follow these guidelines:

• Use the manufacturer utility disk when installing the card on a PC.• For the BCU, use an Ethernet card provided by Trane. This card is

preset to the proper interrupt and memory settings.

��CAUTION

PERSONAL INJURY AND EQUIPMENT DAMAGE HAZARD!

Turn off power at the BCU before installing the Ethernet card. Failure to

do so may result in personal injury or damage to equipment.

To install an Ethernet card in a BCU panel:

1. Choose one of the option card slots.

2. Remove the screw from the card mounting bracket.

3. Insert the card into the slot and secure it in place with the mounting screw.

To install an Ethernet media converter

1. Install the fiber-optic media converter (Trane part number 4020 1127) in the BCU.

2. The utility outlet may be used for power.

Non-isolated Comm4 card

The non-isolated Comm4 card is used for smoke control system communications. The card is green. Figure 18 shows the Comm4 card.

Figure 18: Non-isolated Comm4 card

Note:

There are no jumpers or DIP switches to set on the Ethernet card. It is ready to configure when it is plugged in.

Note:

All Ethernet cables must be fiber optic.


46 BAS-APG001-EN

To install the Comm4 card in module P2 on the BCU logic board:

1. Align the card with the electronic components facing toward the bottom of the BCU. Then slowly insert the card into module P2 at a 45-degree angle until the card is seated (Figure 19).

2. Slowly move the card from the 45-degree angle to 0 degrees (horizontal). The card is now perpendicular to the BCU logic board.

3. Secure the card using the two clips on each side of module P2.

Figure 19: Non-isolated Comm4 card installation

Note:

A fully configured BCU draws a maximum of 10 VA from the power transformer. No other devices may be powered from the transformer.


BAS-APG001-EN 47

UPCM installation

Use UPCM boards in standard enclosures and wire between the UPCM and the FSCS. Table 6 on page 48 provides detailed specifications for the UPCM.

Guidelines for installing a UPCM include:

• A UPCM that monitors the fire alarm control panel (FACP) must be installed in the same room as the FACP. It must be installed within 20 feet of the FACP.

• A UPCM that monitors and controls the FSCS must be installed in the same room as the FSCS. It must be installed within 20 feet of the FSCS.

�IMPORTANTWiring between the UPCM and the FACP and between the UPCM and

the FSCS (point wiring) must be in conduit. The conduit requirement is

necessary, since the binary inputs to the UPCM are not supervised.

• Wiring from a UPCM to field sensors and relays is not supervised. Installation of this wiring must conform to more stringent requirements when a UPCM is part of a smoke control system than when it is part of a standard mechanical system control.


48 BAS-APG001-EN

Table 6: UPCM specifications

Item Description

Powerrequirements

Nominal rating:Current:

120 Vac; 50/60 Hz; 1 phase4 Amps maximum

Operatingenvironment

Temperature range: Standard ambient 32 to 122° F (0 to 50° C)

Storageenvironment

Temperature range: Standard ambient -58 to 203° F (-50 to 95° C)

Enclosure types Unit frame mount: Standard ambient

Dimensions Unit frame mount: Standard ambient 16 in. X 13 in.(406 mm X 330 mm)

Weight Unit frame mount: Standard ambient 20 lb. (9 kg)

Mounting Mounting height:Clearances:

Hardware:

TopBottomLeftRightFront

54 in. (1.4 m) from floor to bottom of unit12 in. (0.3 m)12 in. (0.3 m)12 in. (0.3 m)12 in. (0.3 m)36 in. (1.0 m)Wall mounted with 0.25 in. (6 mm) hardware

Analog todigitalconversion

Resolution: 12 bits

Digital toanalogconversion

Resolution: 12 bits

Microprocessor Intel 80C186

Processorclock speed

14 MHz

Memory RAM:

ROM:

Super capacitorbackedEPROMflash EPROM

256 Kbytes

256 Kbytes128 Kbytes

Clock Crystal controlled: 29 MHz

Battery None required The time clock is backed by a super capacitor for seven days under normal operating conditions. All other programs are backed by non-volatile memory.

Agencyrequirements

UL-916-PAZX Enclosed Energy Management EquipmentFCC Title 47, Part 15, Subpart J, Class A EmissionsMIL 461C Military Electromagnetic Emissions and SusceptibilityMIL 462 Military Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics & Measurements


BAS-APG001-EN 49

UPCM components installation

The smoke control system requires the installation of input and output cards, backplane, and an internal transformer in the UPCM.

Binary output card specifications and installation

The binary output card has six output triacs for driving Class 2 output loads. A status LED is provided for each output. Table 7 provides detailed specifications for the binary output card.

Table 7: Binary output card specifications

Note:

The binary output card is optionally available with six manual override switches for setup and service.

Item Description

Rating (each output) Voltage:Frequency:Current:Relay coil rating:

24 Vac50/60 Hz0.5 Amps maximum12 VA maximum

Internal transformer Provides maximum power of 54 VA, which is selected to accommodate 18 binary output cards at 3 VA each.


50 BAS-APG001-EN

To install the binary output card:

��CAUTION


Turn off power at the BCU before plugging or unplugging output cards

and cables. Failure to do so may result in personal injury or damage to

equipment.

1. Mount the binary output card to the appropriate snap-ins and standoffs on the backplane (Figure 20).

2. Plug the binary output card ribbon cable connector into the adjacent connector on the main logic board (Figure 21 on page 51).

Figure 20: I/O Card installation


BAS-APG001-EN 51

Figure 21: I/O card cable connection


52 BAS-APG001-EN

Universal input card specifications and installation

The universal input card has six binary or analog input points. Each input is individually configured using jumper plugs and software to select point types and ranges. Table 8 provides detailed specifications for the universal input card.

Table 8: Universal input card specifications

Item Description

Binary inputs Each binary input can be individually characterized as either an isolated dry contact closure with a minimum rating of 10 mA at 12 Vdc or a pulse input.

Analog inputs Current:

Voltage:

Thermistor temperature:(10k @ 77° F NTC)

Resistance:(thermostat thumbwheel)

RTD temperature:

Input impedance

Input impedance

RangeResolution

Balco rangeResolution375 Platinum rangeResolution385 Platinum rangeResolution

0 to 20 mA200 Ohms

0 to 10 Vdc20k Ohms

-30 to 250° F0.1° F from 0 to 150° F0.3° F from -30 to 220° F

100 to 20k Ohms

-30 to 250° F0.1° F-40 to 250° F0.1° F-40 to 250° F0.1° F

Note:Only the 1000-ohm version of the 385 Platinum sensor is compatible with the UPCM.


BAS-APG001-EN 53

To install the universal input card:

��CAUTION


Turn off power at the BCU before plugging or unplugging input cards


equipment.

1. Mount the universal input card to the appropriate snap-ins and standoffs on the backplane (Figure 20 on page 50).

2. Plug the universal input card ribbon cable connector into the adjacent (Figure 21 on page 51).

Analog output card specifications and installation

The analog input card provides six outputs for driving 0 to 20 mA or 0 to 10 Vdc devices. Each output is individually configured using a pluggable jumper to select current or voltage. Table 9 provides detailed specifications for the analog input card.

Table 9: Analog output card specifications

Note:

The analog output card is optionally available with six manual override potentiometers for setup and service.

Item Description

CurrentLoad impedanceResolution

0 to 20 mA0 to 500 Ohms5 micro Amps

VoltageLoad impedanceResolution

0 to 10 Vdc500 Ohms2.5 mV


54 BAS-APG001-EN

To install the analog output card:

��CAUTION


Turn off power at the BCU before plugging or unplugging output cards


equipment.

1. Mount the analog output card to the appropriate snap-ins and standoffs on the backplane (Figure 20 on page 50).

2. Plug the analog output card ribbon cable connector into the adjacent connector on the main logic board (Figure 21 on page 51).

Backplane (with main logic board) installation

To install the backplane (with main logic board):

1. Remove all I/O terminator plugs from their enclosure terminal strips (Figure 22 on page 55).

2. Screw the backplane to the enclosure standoffs.

3. Plug the input power supply red and yellow output leads into connector P1 on the main logic board.

4. (Optional) Plug the 75 Vac transformer red output leads into connector P2 on the first binary output card.


BAS-APG001-EN 55

Figure 22: Backplane installation

75 Vac internal transformer installation

To install the 75 Vac internal transformer:

1. Remove the front coverplate and side coverplate from the high voltage compartment of the enclosure (Figure 23 on page 56).

2. Mount the 75 Vac transformer to the high voltage compartment.

3. Wire the transformer input leads to terminal block TB8 (Detail A).

4. (Optional) Plug the 75 Vac transformer red output leads into connector P2 on the first binary output card in the UPCM.


56 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 23: 75 Vac internal transformer installation


BAS-APG001-EN 57

AC power wiring

The AC power transformer, which provides power to the UPCM, is configured for 120 Vac to 24 Vac power. The transformer includes a 110 Vac outlet receptacle that can be used to power a laptop PC for local programming with UPCM Edit software. Following are information, requirements, and procedures pertaining to AC power wiring.

��WARNING

HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE!

Before performing panel electrical connections, lock the supply power

disconnect switch open. Failure to do so may result in personal injury or

death due to electrical shock.

Circuit requirements

To assure proper operation of the UPCM, field-install the power supply circuit in compliance with the following guidelines:

• The power supply requires 3-wire service. The UPCM transformer voltage requirement is 120 Vac. The UPCM automatically detects whether the panel is 50 cycle or 60 cycle.

• Use 14 AWG wire and metal conduit.• Do not run the AC power supply circuit in the same conduit with

input or output wiring.• All field-installed wiring must comply with applicable National

Electric Code (NEC) and local electric codes.• Record the location of the circuit breaker panel and the electric circuit

on a label and apply the label to the inside of the power supply coverplate.

�IMPORTANTUse a dedicated power supply circuit to power the UPCM. Do not

power other electrical components (for example: relays, timers, and

solenoids) with the UPCM power supply line. Failure to do so may

result in control malfunctions.

AC power wire routing and requirements

Figure 24 on page 59 shows the location of the 3/4-inch knockout that should be used as the 120 Vac entry to the UPCM enclosure. Recommended wire is 14 AWG, stranded, copper conductor wire. The AC power wire should be run in metal conduit, separate from I/O wire.

�IMPORTANTCarefully punch out conduit knockouts. Failure to do so may damage

internal components.


58 BAS-APG001-EN

Wire terminations

The power supply includes a terminal block for connecting the external AC power wires (Figure 24 on page 59).

To access the power supply terminal block and terminate the

external AC power wires:

1. Loosen the coverplate screws until the coverplate moves freely. The screw holes in the coverplate are slotted, so it is not necessary to completely remove the coverplate screws.

2. Slide the coverplate up and then pull it away from the power supply (Figure 24 on page 59).

3. Connect the external AC wires to their appropriate power transformer terminations. The figure shows the appropriate wire terminations for the 120 Vac transformer.


BAS-APG001-EN 59

Figure 24: AC power termination and wire routing for the UPCM

Note:

• Customer wiring must be in accordance with national and local electric codes.

• The green wire ground must be continuous back to the circuit breaker panel.

• Only use copper conductors.


60 BAS-APG001-EN

To terminate external 120 Vac power wires to the UPCM, perform

the following connections:

1. Connect the 120 Vac hot to the 120 Vac terminal on the power supply terminal block (Figure 25).

2. Connect the 120V neutral to the 120 Vac NEU terminal on the power supply terminal block.

3. Connect ground to the ground terminal on the power supply terminal block.

Figure 25: Power supply wiring diagram for a UPCM with a 120 Vac transformer

Transient protectorTranstectormodel number TR-2251or TR-2255

120 VAC50/60 Hz0.5 Amp maximum

Note:

• The optional 24 Vac, 75 VA transformer provides 54 VA for binary output triacs and 20 VA to the optional 24 Vdc power supply.

• The optional power supply provides 24 Vdc at 400 mA maximum for use with 4 to 20 mA or 0 to 10 Vdc transmitting sensors.


BAS-APG001-EN 61

Input/output wiring

The UPCM can support up to six user-selected I/O cards for a total of 36 points (six points per I/O card). The I/O cards can be installed in various input/output combinations, with as many as 18 points (3 cards) functioning as outputs. All field device wiring is connected to the I/O cards using pluggable terminal blocks. Following are information and procedures for wiring I/O devices to the UPCM.

I/O card options

The following I/O card options are available for the UPCM:

• Universal input card with six binary or analog inputs• Analog output card with six analog outputs• Binary output card with six binary outputs

Figures 22 through 24 on page 57 show component layouts for the available I/O cards.


62 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 23: Analog output card (4020 0969)Figure 22: Universal input card (4020 0967)

Figure 24: Binary output card (4020 0970)


BAS-APG001-EN 63

I/O card placement

If ordered with a UPCM, I/O cards ship factory-mounted on the UPCM backplane. Three input or output cards can only be mounted along the right side of the backplane. Three input cards can be mounted along the bottom of the backplane. Figure 25 shows I/O card positions on the backplane.

Figure 25: I/O card positions on the UPCM backplane

I/O card wire routing and requirements

Table 10 on page 64 provides the I/O wire type and wire run lengths for universal input cards. Figure 26 on page 64 shows enclosure knockouts and wire routing for I/O wire. Metal conduit may be required by local codes when running wires for analog inputs, binary inputs, analog outputs, or binary outputs.


64 BAS-APG001-EN

Table 10: I/O wiring requirements item

�IMPORTANTDo not run I/O wires in the same conduit or wire bundle with AC power

wires. This may cause the UPCM to malfunction due to electrical noise.

Figure 26: I/O wire routing

Item Description

Wire type Recommended I/O wire is Trane wire number 327-220-01. This wire is plenum rated, 150° C, 22 AWG, shielded, twisted pair. Each conductor is stranded, tinned copper.

Binary input wire run lengths Types:Maximum distance:

Isolated, ungrounded contacts1000 ft. (305 m)

Analog input wire run lengths Types:Maximum distance:

Isolated, ungrounded contacts300 ft. (91 m)


BAS-APG001-EN 65

I/O card terminations

To allow installation of I/O wiring without risking damage to electrical components, the UPCM enclosure is equipped with pluggable terminal strips at the I/O card locations. Wiring may be terminated to these terminal strips prior to installing the backplane. Once the backplane is installed, the terminal strips can be unplugged from the enclosure and plugged into the appropriate I/O cards. Figure 27 on page 66 shows I/O wire terminations to the backplane terminal strips.


66 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 27: I/O card wire terminations

Note:

• Customer wiring must be in accordance with national and local electric codes.

• Inputs and outputs are not supervised.• Inputs and outputs are marked power-limited circuit.


BAS-APG001-EN 67

Binary input wiring

Binary inputs are available on universal input cards. The UPCM provides 12 Vdc, 10 mA for each binary input circuit. Binary inputs must be isolated and ungrounded contacts.

�IMPORTANTDo not exceed the recommended binary input maximum wire run

length of 1,000 feet (305 m). Excess wire run length may result in

electrical noise problems.

Connect input wire as follows:

1. Connect the positive lead to a numbered terminal on the terminal strip.

2. Connect the negative lead to the adjacent ground terminal.

3. Connect the bare shield wire to the bus bar that is next to the terminal strip.

Binary output wiring

The UPCM may be ordered with a 24 Vac, 75 VA transformer for powering binary output cards. The transformer provides maximum power of 54 VA to accommodate up to eighteen local triac-style binary outputs at 3 Vac each.

Each binary output card has six output triacs for driving Class 2 output loads. Each binary output has a Status LED that illuminates when the output triac is energized.

�IMPORTANTDo not exceed the recommended binary output maximum wire run



�IMPORTANTDo not install and terminate binary output wiring with the binary

output card powered. Shorting powered wires will damage the

universal programmable control module (UPCM). The 24 Vac, 75 VA

power transformer should be disconnected from the binary output card

before terminating binary output wires.

Note:

For extended ambient and weatherproof UPCMs, binary output wiring must be rated for 90º C.


68 BAS-APG001-EN

Connect output wire as follows:




4. At the binary output device, connect the twisted-pair wires to the appropriate terminals/leads. Cut back and tape the bare shield wire and shield to prevent a connection between the shield and ground (Figure 28).

Figure 28: Cut back and taped shield and shield wire


BAS-APG001-EN 69

Analog input wiring

Analog inputs are available on universal input cards. For 4 to 20 mA or0 to 10 Vdc transmitting sensors, an optional sensor power supply is available.

Figure 29: Analog input jumper plugs

Table 11: Analog input jumper plug settings

The optional power supply provides 24 Vdc at 400 mA to the sensor via the TB7-1 (+) and TB7-2 (-) terminals. Figure 30 on page 70 shows the location of the 24 Vdc Power Supply and its TB7 terminals.

Note:

Analog inputs are capable of directly reading Balco, Platinum 375, or Platinum 385. No powered transmitting device is required.

Note:

Analog inputs are individually configured with pluggable jumpers for the type of signal connected. See Figure 29 and Table 11 for jumper settings information.

Jumpers Selection

RTD BTIV

In T RTD sensor

Out T Thermistor sensor

Out I 0−20 mA (180 ohm input impedance)

Out V 0−10 Vdc (23k ohm input impedance)

Out B Binary input


70 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 30: Analog input wiring for 4−20 mA or 0−10 Vdc transmitting sensors


BAS-APG001-EN 71

�IMPORTANTDo not exceed the recommended binary output maximum wire run

length of 300 feet (91 m). Excess wire run length may result in electrical

noise problems.

Connect input wire as follows:




4. At the sensor, cut back and tape the bare shield wire and shield to prevent a connection between the shield and ground (Figure 28 on page 68).

Analog output wiring

Each analog output is capable of driving a 0 to 20 mA or a 0 to 10 Vdc device.

Figure 31: Analog output jumper plugs

Table 12: Analog output jumper plug settings

�IMPORTANTDo not exceed the recommended analog output maximum wire run



Note:

Analog outputs are individually configured for current or voltage with pluggable jumpers (J1-J6). See Figure 31 and Table 12 for jumper settings information.

Jumpers Settings

I V

J1-J6 0-20 mA500 W max load

0-10 Vdc 500 W min. load


72 BAS-APG001-EN

Connect output wire as follows:




4. At the analog output device, cut back and tape the bare shield wire and shield to prevent a connection between the shield and ground (Figure 28 on page 68).

�IMPORTANTAt the analog output device, the shield and bare shield wire must be

cut back and taped. A connection between shield and ground will cause

a malfunction.

�IMPORTANTAll transducer (converter) inputs that are driven by UPCM analog

outputs must be isolated from ground. Failure to do so may result in

system malfunctions and/or equipment damage.

ICS communication link

The UPCM is capable of communicating with Tracer Summit BCUs over its Integrated Comfort™ system (ICS) communication interface. Table 13 provides ICS communication link requirements.

Table 13: ICS communication link requirements

Item Description

Comm4 communication The ICS communication link is configured for 9600 baud, Comm4 communication with Tracer Summit panels that have the Comm4 option board. When connected to a Tracer Summit BCU, the UPCM functions as a slave Comm4 device.

UPCMs per Tracer Summit BCU Maximum per BCU: 10

ICS communication link wire Wire type: Recommended wire for ICS communication links is Trane wire number 400-20-28. This wire is plenum rated, 150° C, 18 AWG, shielded, twisted pair. Each conductor is stranded, tinned copper. Capacitance between conductors is a maximum of 25 picofarads (pF) per foot.

Wire run length: Maximum of 5000 ft. (1,524 m)


BAS-APG001-EN 73

UPCM checkout

Once the UPCM is installed, power it up. Verify switch and circuit breaker positions, observe diagnostic LEDs for proper operation, and check out the I/O hardware using Trane UPCM Edit software.

Power switches and circuit breaker

Visually inspect the power switches and circuit breaker to ensure they are in the “On” position (Figure 32 on page 74). The main circuit board On/Off switch (S1) controls 24 Vac power to the main circuit board.

An optional 24 Vac transformer circuit breaker can be purchased to power binary output triacs and an optional 24 Vdc power supply for transmitting sensors. This transformer has a circuit breaker to protect the input interface circuit against overcurrent conditions.

A 24 Vdc sensor power supply On/Off switch (S1) is on the optional 24 Vdc power supply. The power supply converts 24 Vac power from the optional 24 Vac transformer to 24 Vdc power for 4 to 20 mA or 0 to 10 Vdc transmitting sensors. The power supply includes an On/Off power switch for interrupting power to the transmitting sensors.


74 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 32: UPCM power switches and circuit breaker


BAS-APG001-EN 75

Diagnostic LEDs

During power-up and operation, visually inspect UPCM LEDs. The LEDs provide valuable information regarding the state of the unit. Status LEDs are green; alarm LEDs are red. Table 14 on page 76 describes the UPCM LEDs. When power is applied to the UPCM, the diagnostic LEDs perform this sequence:

1. With power applied, the ST1 LED (on the main logic board) turns on.

2. After approximately 1/2 second, the processor begins a self-test. ST1 turns off and ST2 (also on the main logic board) turns on. Both cover LEDs (red ALM and green PWR) turn on.

3. If the processor passes the self-test, the ST2 and ALM LEDs turn off. The processor begins normal operation.

4. During normal operation, the PWR LED flashes on and off at one- second intervals and the ST1 LED flickers whenever processing occurs.

Variations in the above sequence may indicate system failure.

Trane UPCM edit software

I/O hardware connections can be checked out using a personal computer running Trane UPCM Edit software. UPCM Edit software enables you to verify status of input points, calibrate analog inputs, and manually control outputs.

For further details regarding the UPCM Edit software, see UPCM Edit Software Programming Guide (EMTX-PG-5).


76 BAS-APG001-EN

Table 14: Diagnostic LEDs

Location Label Color Function

Polymeric cover ALMPWR

RedGreen

The ALM LED flashes for alarm (future development). The PWR LED flashes during normal operation.

Main logic board ST1

ICS - RX

ICS - TX

ST2

RS232 - RX

RS232 - TX

HI - RX

HI - TX

CIO - RX

CIO - TX

Green

Green

Green

Green

Green

Green

Green

Green

Green

Green

The ST1 LED indicates the status of the UPCM (normally blinks rapidly).The ICS - RX LED indicates reception of data on the ICS communication link.The ICS - TX LED indicates transmission of data on the ICS communication link.The ST2 LED indicates the status of the UPCM (normally off, except at startup).The RS232 - RX LED indicates reception of data on the RS-232 communications port (P10).The RS232 - TX LED indicates transmission of data on the RS-232 communications port (P10).The HI - RX LED indicates reception of data on the operator interface communication link.The HI - TX LED indicates transmission of data on the operator interface communication link.The CIO - RX LED indicates reception of data on the communicating I/O communication link.The CIO - TX LED indicates transmission of data on the communicating I/O communication link.

Binary output card (Optional)

CR1-1-CR1-6 Green The CR1-1-CR1-6 LED indicates the status of the respective binary output and is lit when the triac output is energized.

Programming

BAS-APG001-EN 77

ProgrammingProgramming occurs after hardware installation is complete. The smoke control system must be programmed for automatic response, weekly self testing, end process verification, and response to manual FSCS commands.

Automatic response of dedicated systems

Dedicated smoke control systems automatically respond to a smoke or sprinkler alarms in any zone. They must respond the same way each time. Ensure that:

• Automatic responses of the smoke control system to a smoke or sprinkler alarm have a higher priority than comfort control or self-test commands.

• Manual controls from the FSCS have a higher priority than automatic responses of the smoke control system.

Figure 33 shows an example of UPCM PCL programming for a dedicated stair-pressurization fan. It shows a single binary output controlling the fan. It also shows the priority hierarchy that ensures the FSCS manual commands take precedence over the automatic response of the smoke control system.

Figure 33: Sample UPCM PCL programming for a dedicated system

PCL ROUTINE DEFINITION

UPCM:UUKL-UP5 Location: STAIR FAN

Date:08-MAY-99

Routine Name: STAIR FAN Routine Number: 16

Freq: 0 Hrs. 0 Mins. 2 Secs.

Result 1st Arg Operator 2nd Arg Description of Statement

STRFS-S = CONTROL ANYFALM Control the stair fan to the alarm state; ON when alarm state on, OFF when alarm state off.

*L0*IFTSTRFS-S

===

*L0NOTANDCONTROL

ANYFALMSTRSELFTON

If no alarms are present and the weekly self-test flag is set, turn on the stair fan for self test-ing.

*IFTSTRFS-S

==

STRDSALMCONTROL OFF

If the stair fan duct smoke detector alarms, turn stair fan OFF.

*IFTSTRFS-S*IFTSTRFS-S

====

STRMON

STRMOFFCONTROL

CONTROL

ON

OFF

If manual On command from FSCS received, turn stair fan ON; if manual Off command from FSCS, turn fan OFF.


78 BAS-APG001-EN

Weekly self test of dedicated systems

Dedicated smoke control system equipment must be programmed to automatically test itself on a weekly basis. The tests ensure that the system will operate if needed.

Weekly, automatic self-testing exercises the dedicated smoke control system equipment as if a smoke alarm activated. End process verification devices monitor system responses to commands. The test program must record faults and non-responses in its event history. Also, the system must disable self-testing if an actual alarm is present.

A program scheduling schedule contains the self-test schedule point. The self-test schedule point activates once a week for 10 minutes to initialize self testing of the dedicated smoke control equipment.

Figure 34 on page 79 shows a sample Custom Programming Language (CPL) program that is used to hold off the self test scheduling point at a high priority when an alarm is present. This CPL program prevents the self-test schedule from conflicting with operation from an actual alarm.

Within the UPCM, A PCL routine controls the dedicated system equipment when an alarm is present or when the self-test scheduling point is On. Figure 35 on page 79 shows an example of UPCM PCL programming for a dedicated smoke control system

Programming

BAS-APG001-EN 79

Figure 34: Sample CPL program to hold off the self test scheduling point

PROGRAM UUKL_SELFTEST///Overrides scheduled self test of dedicated systems if alarm present.///written F.M.F. 7/12/99 txt UUKLSELF.CPL

IF ( {UUKLUPCM-1-1}.{Binary Variable}[ 14 ]=1 ) THENCONTROL({Dedicated Self-Test Sched Point},{Present Value},0,1,Set) ELSECONTROL({Dedicated Self-Test Sched Point},{Present Value},0,1,Release)END IF

END

Figure 35: Sample UPCM programming for a dedicated system


UPCM:UUKL-UP5 Location: UUKLTEST

Date:14-JUL-99

Routine Name: STAIR FAN Routine Number: 16



*L0STRFS-S*IFTSTRFS-S*IFTSTRFS-S*IFTSTRFS-S

========

ANYFALM

STRDSALM

STRMON

STRMOFF

ORCONTROL

CONTROL

CONTROL

CONTROL

STRSELFT*L0

OFF

ON

OFF

Start stair fan from any alarm or from self-testpoint.

FSCS manual switch take priority to alarm orself-test functions.


80 BAS-APG001-EN

Automatic response of non-dedicated systems

Programming for non-dedicated smoke control systems is more complex than it is for dedicated systems. Ensure that the non-dedicated system:

• Coordinates additional binary output points to achieve the commanded operation

• Bypasses safety devices that would shut down the equipment during normal operation

• Prioritizes automatic responses of the smoke control system over comfort control responses or self-test commands

• Prioritizes manual controls from the FSCS over automatic responses of the smoke control system

Figure 36 on page 81 shows examples of UPCM PCL programming for a non-dedicated smoke control system. The sample routines assume a constant volume fan system and show programming for the dampers and fan control relays. Each damper is controlled individually. Refer to Figure 13 on page 35 for an example of fan relay wiring. The UPCM PCL programming must be engineered for the specific project.

Note:

When the alarm condition clears, there may be a momentary (20 seconds) trouble indication at the FSCS. The trouble indication will clear automatically as the timer re-synchronizes.

Programming

BAS-APG001-EN 81

Figure 36: Sample UPCM programming for a non-dedicated system


UPCM:UUKLTST Location: NONDED

Date:08-MAY-99

Routine Name: DAMPERS Routine Number: 23



*R0*IFTOADOPNEXHDOPN

*R1RETDOPN*ELSEOADOPNRETDOPNEXHDOPN*END*L0*L1*IFTEXECUTE*END

====

===========

MIXATEMPSUPFAN

*R0

SMKPRESSSMKEXH*L0ROUTINE:24

DDC:1

CONTROLCONTROL

CONTROL

CONTROLCONTROLCONTROL

OROROR

MIXASETP

*R0*R0

*100.0*R1

*0.0*100.0*0.0

FSCSPRESFSCSEXH*L1

Run the normal damper DDC loop.

If the supply fan is on, control the outdoor & exhaust dampers to the DDC position.

Control the return damper in opposition to outdoor damper.

If the supply fan is off, close outdoor & exhaust and open return dampers.

If any automatic or FSCS manual smoke con-trol commands are present, execute damper smoke control routine.



Date:08-MAY-99

Routine Name: DMPRS-SMK Routine Number: 24



*IFT*R0*ELSE

*R0*IFT*R1*ELSE*R1*ENDRETDOPNOADOPNEXHDOPN

===

=========

SMKPRESS*100.0

*0.0SMKEXH*100.0

*0.0

OR

OR

CONTROLCONTROLCONTROL

FSCSPRESS

FSCSEXH

*0.0*R0*R1

Set outdoor damper required position for smoke control. 100% open for either auto or manual “ pressurization”, or fully closed if no pressurization command.

Set outdoor damper required position for smoke control. 100% open for either auto or manual “ exhaust”, or fully closed if no exhaust command.

Close return damper for press. or exhaust.Control outdoor damper to required position. Control exhaust damper to required position.


82 BAS-APG001-EN



Date:08-MAY-99

Routine Name: FAN Routine Number: 25



NORSFSSNORSFSS

MANPRESS

MANEXH

*L0*L1*L3AUTOPRES

AUTOEXH

SHUTDN

==

=

=

====

=

=

SMKPRESSSMKEXH*L0

CONTROLCONTROL

CONTROL

CONTROL

ORORORCONTROL

CONTROL

CONTROL

SFSSSFSS

FSCSPRESS

FSCSEXH

MANPRESSMANEXH*L1*L0

*L1

*L3

Control the supply & return/exh fans for theirnormal operation. (Sup & Ret fans operatetogether)

Control the “ manual pressurization” relay tothe commanded state. (OFF = normal operation)

Control the “ manual exhaust” relay to thecommanded state. (OFF = normal operation)

Control the “ auto pressurization” relay ON if either auto or manual pressurization command present.

Control the “ auto exhaust” relay ON if either auto or manual exhaust command present.

Control the “ shutdown” relay ON if any smoke control commands are present.

Programming

BAS-APG001-EN 83

End process verification

End process verification confirms that a device responded to an operation command. End process verification programming consists of:

• Programming the system to test binary input points for responses to commands sent to output points

• Setting a counter to provides a time delay that allows the system time to respond before setting a fail flag

• Setting a fail flag if the counter times out• Programming the system to send a fail flag to UPCMs controlling the

FSCS. The FSCS then turns on a fail light

Figure 37 shows an example of programming at a field UPCM providing fan system control. Figure 38 on page 84 shows examples of programming at the UPCM controlling the FSCS that provides fan system control.

Figure 37: Sample programming at a fan system UPCM


UPCM:UUKL-UP5 Location: ENDPROCESS

Date:08-MAY-99

Routine Name: FAILS2 Routine Number: 2



3RDSDF3RDSDF2NDSDF2NDSDF

*IFT*RO*ELSE*R0*IFT*R1*ELSE*R1*IFT*R2*ELSE*R2*IFT*R3*ELSE*R3

====

================

*R0*R1*R2*R3

3RDSDOPN*R0

*0.03RDRDOPN*R1

*0.02NDSDOPN*R2

*0.02NDRDOPN*R3

*0.0

GEGEGEGE

XOR+

XOR+

XOR+

XOR+

*2.0*2.0*2.0*2.0

3RDSUPD*1.0

3RDRETD*1.0

2NDSUPD*1.0

2NDRETD*1.0

If timers (*R0 thru *R3) time out, set troublepoints for damper operation failure (3RDSDF,etc.). If timer greater than two executions (4seconds), trouble points set to TRUE, otherwiseset to FALSE.

For each damper, compare the commanded state to the state of the end switch. Increment timer if they do not match, else reset timer.


84 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 38: Sample programming at an FSCS UPCM


UPCM:UUKL-UP4 Location: FSCS-TBL

Date:08-MAY-99

Routine Name: COMM LOSS Routine Number: 5



*IFTWD1CNTRWD0CNTR*ELSEWD1CNTRWD0CNTR*END*L0*L1*L2*IFTTROUBLE*ELSETROUBLE*ENDTBLLT

================

WATCHDOGWD1CNTR*0.0

*0.0WD0CNTR

WD1CNTRWD0CNTR*L0TBLTRUE

FALSE

+

+

GEGEOROR

CONTROL

*1.0

*1.0

*10.0*10.0*L1*L2

TROUBLE

Set up watchdog timer to monitor communications with BCU. NOTE: BCU CPLroutine triggers timer every 5 seconds.

If watchdog not set for 50 seconds, set thetrouble flag for comm loss trouble (*L2).

If comm loss or any fan/damper response fail-ure sent from BCU (TBl flag), set trouble flag for sounding alert.


UPCM:UUKL-UP4 Location: FSCS-TBL

Date:08-MAY-99

Routine Name: TBL SILENCE Routine Number: 4



*IFF*L0*IFTTBLHORN*IFTTBLHORN*L0

=======

TROUBLETRUETROUBLE

TBLHORN

FALSE

ANDCONTROLANDCONTROL

*L0ONTBLSILENOFF

If any trouble condition, sound trouble alert.

If trouble alert is sounded and silence button pressed, turn off alert.

Installation checkout and testing

BAS-APG001-EN 85

Response to manual FSCS commands

Manual FSCS commands to smoke control equipment have a higher priority than automatic response commands, comfort control commands and self-test commands. This command hierarchy is accomplished within the programming of the UPCM panel actually controlling the equipment.

In the UPCM, the PCL routines execute in sequence (1 to 25) for all routines scheduled for a specific execution interval. Commands are not sent to the outputs until all PCL routines for the interval execute. Therefore, the higher the number of the PCL routine, the higher the command priority. To ensure the highest priority for manual smoke control commands, the commands must be programmed into the last routine (25) with an execution frequency of 1 second (Figure 36 on page 81).

Installation checkout and testingInstallation checkout and testing occurs after system programming is complete. Installation checkout and testing consists of end to end device and wiring checkout, operation testing, acceptance testing, and weekly self testing.

End to end device and wiring checkout

Each I/O point wired to the system must be verified for wiring location and device operation. Checkout technicians must use a panel and point checkout form to record the verification results (Figure 39 on page 86). The technicians initial and date the points as they check them for proper wiring and operation. The completed forms provide a record of the end to end checkout of the system.


86 BAS-APG001-EN

Figure 39: Sample panel and point checkout form

UPCM Checkout Sheets Job Name: AnySiteUUKL Job Number: 00000

UPCM Name: Main Fans UPCM Location: Mech Rm LCD Display: Communication:

Point Type

Point Name Sensor Sensor Location

Install Notes Wired Sensor Operation Operation Notes

Card Slot 1 Initial/Date when Verified

B001 SF/RENormal S/S

4950 0340 At Motor Control Center

Wired to auto side of switch of sup-ply & return

Normal start/stop

B002 SF Auto Smoke Start


See starter wiring detail for intercon-nection of

Bypass H-O-A and safeties to start supply

B003 SF Man Smoke Start



Bypass supply duct smoke to start sup-ply fan

B004 RE Auto Smoke Start



Bypass H-O-A and safeties to start return

B005 RE Man Smoke Start



Bypass supply duct smoke to start return fan

B006 SF/RE Shut-down



Wired to shut down both supply and return fans

Card Slot 2 Initial/Date when Verified

A001 Outdoor Damper

Belimo AF24SR

At Air Handler

0 Volts = closed

A002 Ret Damper Belimo AF24SR

At Air Handler

0 Volts = open

A003 Exh Damper Belimo AF24SR

At Air Handler

0 Volts = closed

A004 Heat Valve Belimo AF24SR

At Air Handler

0 Volts = open

A005 Cooling Valve

Belimo NM24SR

At Air Handler

0 Volts = closed

A006

Installation checkout and testing

BAS-APG001-EN 87

Operation testing

Operation testing is an overall system commissioning and must be done when the hardware installation is complete and after the device and wiring checkout is complete. Operation testing may have to be performed during off-hours so as not to interfere with ongoing work in the building.

Operation testing consists of activating each alarm zone input point and verifying smoke control system operation in the alarm zone and each adjacent and unaffected zone. Testing verifies the response of each piece of equipment to an alarm in each zone. Test technicians must use copies of the smoke control matrix sheet to record the operation of the overall system and associated mechanical equipment.

Acceptance testing

Acceptance testing demonstrates the operation of the entire smoke control system to the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ), owner, and consulting engineers. Acceptance testing is commonly combined with fire alarm system testing. Acceptance testing is required in order to obtain a Certificate of Occupancy for the building.

Since the smoke control system interacts with other building systems, representatives from several disciplines must be present for the tests. These representatives include:

• Fire alarm system technicians• Control system technicians• General contractor• Mechanical contractor• Balancing contractor• Electrical contractor

In the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) publication NFPA 92A (NFPA 1996, Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems), chapter 4 describes the personnel and equipment needed for acceptance testing. The tests must address all aspects of the smoke control system. If emergency power is available, at least a portion of the tests must take place with normal power disconnected. Acceptance testing verifies that:

• For each input from the fire alarm system, the proper equipment is automatically controlled to the proper state and normal comfort controls are overridden.

• Subsequent alarms do not affect the smoke control operation sequence.

• Manual commands from the FSCS take precedence over automatic smoke control operation.

• Proper pressure is developed between the alarm zone and adjacent zones, and between stairwells and all zones.

• All systems return to normal operation when the alarm is cleared.


88 BAS-APG001-EN

In NFPA 90A (NFPA 1996 Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems), chapter 5 requires that test results be archived and available for inspection.

Weekly self-testing

Weekly self tests are programmed into the system. The testing schedule must be coordinated with maintenance personnel to ensure that testing does not disrupt normal building operation. The system event history contains a record of faults and no-response events. Maintenance personnel must check the event history and schedule repairs, as necessary.

BAS-APG001-EN 89

Appendix

References

Huggett, C. 1980. Estimation of Rate of Heat Release by Means of Oxygen Consumption Measurements, Fire and Materials, Vol. 4, No. 2, June.

Klote, J.H. 1994. Method of Predicting Smoke Movement in Atria With Application to Smoke Management, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NISTIR 5516.

Klote, J.K. and Milke, J.A. 1992. Design of Smoke Management Systems, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers, Atlanta, GA.

NFPA 1995. Guide for Smoke Management Systems in Malls, Atria, and Large Areas, NFPA 92B, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA.

NFPA 1996. Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems, NFPA 92A, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA.

NFPA 1996. Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems, NFPA 90A, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA.

NFPA 1997. Life Safety Code, NFPA 101, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA.

SFPE 1995. Fire Protection Engineering Handbook, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA.

Tamura, G.T. 1994. Smoke Movement & Control in High-Rise Buildings, MA.

Since The Trane Company has a policy of continuous product improvement, it reserves the right to change design and specifications without notice.

Literature Order Number BAS-APG001-EN

File Number SV-ES-BAS-APG001-0900

Supersedes SV-ES-BAS-APG001-01-00

Stocking Location La CrosseThe Trane CompanyAn American Standard Companywww.trane.com

For more information contactyour local district office ore-mail us at [email protected]

HVAC Trane - Engineered Smoke Control System for Tracer Summit - Applications Guide.pdf

Documents

Transcript of HVAC Trane - Engineered Smoke Control System for Tracer Summit - Applications Guide.pdf