HUV Mechanical Activation of Construction Binder Materials ...

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering

PAPER bull OPEN ACCESS

Influence of Shielding Gas and Mechanical Activation of Metal Powderson the Quality of Surface Sintered LayersTo cite this article N A Saprykina et al 2016 IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 125 012016

View the article online for updates and enhancements

This content was downloaded from IP address 6521228167 on 09102021 at 0131

Influence of Shielding Gas and Mechanical Activation of Metal Powders on the Quality of Surface Sintered Layers

N A Saprykina A A Saprykin D A Arkhipova Yurga Institute of Technology of National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Affiliate Tomsk Russia The study was performed by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project 15-19-00191) e-mail saprikinatpuru

Abstract The thesis analyses the influence of argon shielding gas and mechanical activation of PMS-1 copper powder and DSK-F75 cobalt chrome molybdenum powder on the surface sintered layer quality under various sintering conditions Factors affecting the quality of the sintered surface and internal structure are studied The obtained results prove positive impact of the shielding gas and mechanical activation Sintering PMS-1 copper powder in argon shielding gas after mechanical activation leads to reduced internal stresses and roughness as well as improved strength characteristics of the sintered surface Analysis of sintered samples of mechanically activated DSK-F75 cobalt chrome molybdenum powder shows that the strength of the sintered surface grows porosity and coagulation changes

Introduction Layered synthesis technologies are a rapidly progressing trend in the development of modern industry A separate line of this development is layered laser sintering of metal powder compositions based on 3D CAD-model allowing applicative products As far as the layered synthesis of an applicative product basically consists in shaping a single layer a problem resides in strains which arise in a single sintered layer and thus hamper a uniform application of the next powder layer and deform the product For a product obtained by laser layered sintering to perform its function the required quality characteristics must be provided The main quality parameters of a sintered product are precision surface layer condition physical and mathematical properties durability A considerable problem in providing quality of the surface layer of a sintered product consists in strains which prevent a uniform application of the following powder layer and distort a product shape To solve this problem it is necessary to research the influence of physical and mechanical properties of powder materials laser sintering modes and process conditions of powder layer application [1] The purpose of this research is to study factors effecting quality and inner structure of a sintered surface as well as to analyze the influence of argon shielding gas mechanical activation of copper powder PMS-1 and cobalt chrome molybdenum powder DSK-F75 on the quality of a sintered surface layer under different process conditions Thickness and roughness of a sintered surface and strength of sintered samples have been examined

Result and Discussion The sintered process starts with assigning a powder material which directly determines sintering conditions Important properties of metal powders include their shape structure character of

YIT-MT 2015 IOP PublishingIOP Conf Series Materials Science and Engineering 125 (2016) 012016 doi1010881757-899X1251012016

Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 30 licence Any further distributionof this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work journal citation and DOI

Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1

interpartetc The pores spflaky ondegree oMechaniresults fr[5] Wheunder cophysicalSinteringdepends size FormovemeIncreaseradiation

The fmetal int

Studywith copconditionwith oxyin argonwithout compare

Figur

mmminthickness

FsW0

ticle interactisize of poroherical partic

nes [2] It alsof dispersioical interlock

from adhesiven one compontinuous las and chemicag process coon powder m

r heat-resistaent must be r in powder d

n power but ifollowing fato separate dy of the influpper powder ns Argon prygen and nitrn the sintere

any cracks ed Sintered la

Figuof Pcondmmin th

res 3-4 showsn S=03 mms changes ins

Figure 3 Exsurface (x2)W V=200 m0C in the air

ion Particlesous intervals cle are combo should be n grows [3king is one oe interaction

ponent powdeser impact dral propertiesonditions grematerial meltant materialseduced Whedensity leadsit causes eneactors considdrops) pore fuence of argPMS-1 and

rovides a shiogen and alsd surface ch[8 9] Figurayer thicknes

ure 1 ExterPMS-1 surfacditions P=3

mmin S=03he air

s samples sinm t=200 0C significantly

xternal appea Process commmin S=

s can be of tdepends on

bined with pakept in mind] Packagingof the types

n thatrsquos why er material isrops are form of powder meatly influenting temperas laser radiaten the intenss to decreaseergy loss derably influformation inon shieldingcobalt chromielding envir

so strengthen hanged its cores 1-2 showss increases f

rnal appearance (x2) Proc30 W V=30 mm t=26

ntered in argoCross crack

from 1675 w

arance of PMonditions P==03 mm t=

the followingthe particle sarticles of a sd that powdeg density isof particle cgreat attenti

s sintered wimed [6] It shmaterials diffnce the surfaature heat cotion power m

sity is imprope in depth of

uence a protonternal straing gas on the me molybdenronment whithe product

olor it becamws samples sfrom 115mkm

nce cess 000 0C

Figof conmmin

on under the ks and long

when sintered

MS-1 =15 200

FigsurW0C

g shapes fibshape and thsimilar shapeer materials s influencedconnection [4ion is paid toith materials hould be takefer from refeace layer quonductivity inmust be incrper a powdersintering It

otype qualitys and deformsintered surf

num powder ich eliminatesurface Cop

me goldish tsintered in thm up to 200m

gure 2 ExtePMS-1 surfanditions P=mmin S=0argon

following pritudinal crac

d in the air to

gure 4 Exterrface (x2) P V=200 mm in argon

bers flakes pheir just prope and dendritmelting tem

d by particle4] Friction bo activating pwith similar

en into consierence ones oality Intensndex as well reased and thr material is l

can be incre

y coagulatiomations face layer quDSK-F75 un

es interactionpper powder the samples he air and inmkm the sam

ernal appearace (x2) Pro

=30 W V=33 mm t=26

rocess conditcks are not 1735 when s

rnal appearanProcess condmmin S=0

plates cubesportions To mtic particles

mperature dece surface robetween the powder comr melting temideration thaof solid mateity of laser as particle she speed of lighted [7] eased by rais

on (fusion o

uality was cander differenn of powder PMS-1 beinghad a harde

n argon shielmple strength

rance ocess 3000 6 0C

tions P=15 Wfound sintesintered in ar

nce of PMS-ditions P=13 mm t=20

s spheres minimize fuse with

creases as oughness

particles mpositions mperature at thermal rials radiation

shape and laser ray

sing laser

of molten

arried out nt process

products g sintered er surface lding gas grows

W V=200 red layer

rgon

-1 15 00


2

FigurS=01 mchanges mkm Th

Sinte

powder PThe i

sinteringprocess cin steel mof the pcrystal latemperatpowder three fisurfaces conditionsurface Rafter 5 mmkm [12

Figure Externalappearansintered DSK-F7Processimodes V=100 S=01 m0C non-

Figur

increaseson the su

res 5-6 showmm t=200 0C

from 525 tohe sample sin

Figuof Pcondmmin th

ering in argoPMS-1 Rouinfluence of g copper powconditions Mmill shells fipowder Mecattice imperftures [11] Inand enlargesve and seve

obtained ons In figureRZ=525 mkmminutes activ2]

7

l nce of

surface 75 (x2) ng P=10 W mmmin

mm t=200 activated

res 12-16 shs The sinterurface

ws samples C in the air ano 115 mkm tntered in arg


mmin S=01 he air

on shielding ughness is redf mechanical wder PMS-1Mechanical pilled with stechanical actifection [10] ntensive mills surface layen minutes of non-actives 7-11 P=10m after 1 minvation Rz=

Figure External appearance sintered sDSK-F75 Processing modes P=V=100 mmS=01 mm 0C after 1 activation

hows that rred sample a

sintered undnd in argon thickness of tgon lacks cro

rnal appearance (x2) Proc30 W V=2mm t=200

gas improvduced defectactivation o

1 and cobalt processing oeel balls 6mmivation increwhich leads

ling of particyer thickness

Figures 4-8vated and v0 W V=100nute activati615 mkm c

8

of surface

(x2)

10 W mmin

t=200 minute

FigExappsinDSPromoV=S=0Cact

roughness ofafter seven m

der the folloSurface layethe sintered ss and longit

nce cess 200 0C

Figof conmmin

ves the qualits are elimin

on the sinterchrome mo

f the powderm in diameteeases degreeto quick ox

cles increasess The mecha show pictuariously actmmmin S=on Rz=545 m

coagulation i

gure ternal pearance

ntered surfSK-F75 (xocessing odes P=10=100 mmm01 mm t=2 3 minutivation

f the sintereminutes of ac

owing conditer quality is layer changetudinal crack


ity of the sunated red surface laolybdenum pr was carrieder with total me of powderxidation and s their sum suanical procesures of sintetivated pow=01 mm t=2mkm after 3 increases af

9

of face x2)

W min 200 utes

FigureExternappearsintereDSK-FProcesmodesV=100S=010C minuteactivat

ed surface cctivation has

tions P=30 dramaticallyes insignificaks

ernal appearace (x2) Pro=30 W V=1 mm t=200

urface layer

ayer quality powder DSKd out in a cenmass 600gr

r dispersion allows sinterurface rises ssing was caered cobalt cders under 200 0C for nminutes acti

fter 7 minute

e 10nal rance ofed surfaceF75 (x2)ssing s P=10 W0 mmmin

mm t=200after 5

es tion

changes insireduced por

W V=200 y changed Rantly from 85

rance ocess =200 0 0C

produced o

was studiedK-F75 under ntrifugal milland loaded waggravates

ring at unususurplus ener

arried out duchrome molydifferent pr

non-activatedivation Rz=5es activation

f e

0 5

Figure External appearancsintered DSK-F75Processinmodes PV=100 S=01 mm0C afminutes activation

ignificantly rosity and so

mmmin oughness 50 to 915

of copper

d through different

l AGO-2 with 30gr

particles ually low rgy of the uring one ybdenum rocessing d sintered 540 mkm n Rz=545

11

ce of surface

5 (x2) ng P=10 W mmmin m t=200 fter 7

n

strength olid spots


3


Incredistribut


Figure Externalappearansintered DSK-F7Processimodes V=300 S=015 0C non-

12

l nce of


mm t=200 activated

ase in activation on the si

17

l nce of


mm t=26 activated

22

l nce of


mm t=26 activated

Figure External appearance sintered sDSK-F75 Processing modes P=2V=100 mmS=01 mm 0C after 1 activation

ation time leintered surfac

Figure External appearance sintered sDSK-F75 Processing modes P=2V=300 mmS=01 mm0C after 1 activation

Figure External appearance sintered sDSK-F75 Processing modes P=V=300 mmS=015 mm0C after 1 activation

13

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

t=200 minute


eads to reduce The stren

18

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute


23

of surface

(x2)

10 W mmin

m t=26 minute

FigExappsinDSPromoV=S=t=2act


ntered surfSK-F75(x2) ocessing odes P=20=100 mmm01 mm t=2 3 minutivation

uced diametength of the si


ntered surfSK-F75 (xocessing odes P=20=300 mmm01 mm t= 3 minutivation


ntered surfSK-F75 (xocessing odes P=10=300 mmm015 m

260C 3 minutivation

14

of face

W min 200 utes

FigureExternappearsintereDSK-FProcesmodesV=100S=010Cminuteactivat

ers of coaguntered surfac

19

of face x2)

W min =26 utes


24

of face x2)

W min mm utes


e 15nal rance ofed surfaceF75(x2) ssing s P=20 W0 mmmin

mm t=200after 5

es tion

ulated particlce increases


mm t=26after 5

es tion

e 25nal rance ofed surfaceF75 (x2)ssing s P=10 W0 mmmin5 mm t=26

after 5es tion

f e

0 5


les and their

f e

6 5

Figure External appearancsintered DSK-F75Processinmodes PV=300 S=01 m0C afminutes activation

f e

W 6 5

Figure External appearancsintered DSK-F75Processinmodes PV=300 S=015mm0C afminutes activation

16

ce of surface

5(x2) ng P=20 W mmmin m t=200 fter 7

n

r uniform

21

ce of surface

5 (x2) ng P=20 W mmmin

mm t=26 fter 7

n

26

ce of surface


n


4


Figur

diffractio

Figure 3of molybdeactivated

Compcobalt chActivatioonly in o

FigurobtainedpowdersRz chan950mkm

27

l nce of


mm t=26 activated

res 32-34 shon peaks inte

32 Diffractiocobalt

enum powdd

parison of dhrome molyon time doeone positionres 35-54 shod under diffs Three minnges slightly m


hows diffractensity X-axi

on pattern chrome

der non-

diffraction paybdenum pows not consid ow comparaferent procesnutes activati

from 625mk

28

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute


tion patternsis shows ang

Figure 33 Dcobalt chrpowder aactivation

atterns of nowder shows derably influ

tive picturesss conditionion results inkm to 630m



s of cobalt cgular characte

Diffraction prome molyafter 5

on-activated that after m

uence the dif

s of sintered ns as well an increasing

mkm sintered

29

of face x2)

W min =26 utes

FigureExternappearsintereDSK-FProcesmodesV=300S=015t=260Cminuteactivat

chrome moleristic with m

pattern of ybdenum

minutes

Fcpa

(Fig9a) andechanical acffraction patt

layers of copas of non-acstrength of

d layer thick

e 30nal rance ofed surfaceF75 (x2)ssing s P=20 W0 mmmin5 mmC after 5es tion

lybdenum pomaximum sh


d mechanicalctivation chrotern After a

pper powderctivated anda sintered sa

kness grows

f e

5


owder Y-axhooting angle


lly activatedomic oxide activation pe

r compositiod variously ample figurefrom 820mk

31

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

xis shows e 2 theta

pattern of ybdenum

minutes

d (Fig9b) vanishes

eaks arise

on PMS-1 activated es 35-37 km up to


5

Figure 3of PMS-conditionmmminnon-activ

Compvanish r

In fig

materials



35 External-1 surface (xns P=30 W

n S=03 mvated

parison of twroughness is

FiguappePMcondmmnon

gures 40-42s decreases f

40 External-1 surface (xns P=15

n S=03 mmvated


n S=01 mmvated

l appearancex2) ProcessW V=3000m t=26 0C

wo samples reduced from

ure 38earance of sS-1 (x2ditions P=3

mmin S=03-activated

surface roufrom 700mkm

l appearancex2) ProcessW V=200

m t=26 0C


m t=200 0C

e s 0

Figure 36of PMS-1conditionmmmin after 1 mi

figures 38-m 975 mkm

Extersintered surf2) Proc30 W V=2 mm t=26

ughness of tm to 426mkm

e s 0


e s 0


6 External a1 surface (x2ns P=30 W

S=03 mminute activati

39 shows imto 715 mkm

rnal face cess 200 0C

FigappPMconmmaft

the sintered m




S=01 mm inute activati

appearance 2) Process

W V=3000 t=26 0C ion

mproved qua

gure 3pearance of

MS-1 (xnditions P=mmin S=0ter 3 minutes

samples of


W V=200 t=26 0C ion


W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion

Figure 37 of PMS-1 sconditions mmmin Safter 3 minu

ality of the

9 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=3 mm t=26

s activation

f mechanical



External apsurface (x2)

P=30 Wt S=03 mm utes activatio

surface laye

ernal rface ocess =200 6 0C

lly activated


P=15 WS=03 mm utes activatio


P=30 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio

ppearance Process V=3000

t=26 0C on

er cracks

d powder

ppearance Process V=200 t=26 0C

on


=200 0C on


6


Thus

surface q


n S=01 mmvated

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon

the picture quality it lea


m t=200 0C

ure 49earance of sS-1 (x2ditions P=

mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=02-activated

of samples cads to reduce

e s 0


Extersintered surf2) Proc=30W V=2 mm t=26


Extersintered surf2) Proc22 W V=1

2 mm t=26

compared cled coagulatio




FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft

early show ton and rough


W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion

gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


the influencehness


0 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

2 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=15 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

4 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=22 W V=2 mm t=26

s activation

e of mechan


P=15 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio




ical activatio


=200 0C on

on on the


7

Figure 55 Diffraction pattern of copper powder PMS-1 non-activated

Figure 56 Diffraction pattern of copper powder PMS-1 after 3 minutes activation


Conclusion The research in properties of a sintered layer of activated and non-activated powder materials showed that a preliminary mechanical treatment effects the sintering process and provides an improved surface quality the diameter of coagulated particles decreases roughness is reduced Internal structure and strength characteristics are improved

Positive influence of a shielding gas and mechanical activation of metal powders on the quality of surface sintered layers is proved In order to reduce roughness and improve the sintered layer quality it is recommended to sinter metal powders subjected to one and three minutes of activation in argon shielding environment which reduces roughness improves internal structure and strength characteristics

References [1] Schmid M Amado F Levy G Wegener K Flowability of powders for selective laser sintering

(SLS) investigated by round robin test High Value Manufacturing Advanced Research in Virtual and Rapid Prototyping Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advanced Research in Virtual and Rapid Prototyping Leiria 2013

[2] Panchenko V Ya Laser technologies of machining contemporary problems of fundamental research and applied designs monograph M Phismatlit 2009

[3] Belomestnykh V N Soboleva E G Acoustic analogs of elasticity theory ratios for determining anisotropic Poisson ratios of cubic monocrystals 7th International Forum on Strategic Technology (IFOST - 2012) Tomsk TPU Press 1 2012 p 499-502

[4] Gubaidulina R H Petrushin S I Galeeva A A Selecting an Economical Variant of the Manufacturing Method of Engineering Product Fabrication under Current Conditions Applied Mechanics and Materials 682 2014 р 613-616

[5] Arkhipov P V Yanyushkin A S Lobanov D V The effect of diamond tool performance capability on the quality of processed surface Applied Mechanics and Materials 379 2013 р 124-130

[6] Chinakhov D A Dependence of Silicon and Manganese Content in the Weld Metal on the Welding Current and Method of Gas Shielding Applied Mechanics and Materials 756 2015 р 92-96

[7] Saprykin А А Saprykina N А Dudikhin D V Emelyanenko S M Influence of layer-by-layer laser sintering modes on the thickness of sintered layer of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum powder Advanced materials research 1040 2014 р 805-808

[8] Lychagin D V Tarasov S Yu Chumaevskii A V Alfyorova E A Macrosegmentation and strain hardening stages in copper single crystals under compression International Journal of Plasticity 69 2015 р 36-53

[9] Babakova E V Gradoboev A V Saprykin A A Ibragimov E A Yakovlev V I Sobachkin A V


8

Comparison of Activation Technologies Powder ECP-1 for the Synthesis of Products Using SLS Applied Mechanics and Materials 756 2015 р 220-224

[10] Saprykina N А Saprykin A A Shigaev D A Investigation of the factors affecting the quality of the surface obtained by laser sintering Metal 4 2011 р 78-82

[11] Saprykina N А Saprykin A A Matrunchik M S Formation of Surface Layer of Cobalt Chrome Molybdenum Powder Products with Differentiation of Laser Sintering Modes Applied Mechanics and Materials 682 2014 р 294-298

[12] Saprykin A A Ibragimov E A Yakovlev V I Influence of mechanical activation of powder on SLS process Applied Mechanics and Materials 682 2014 p 143-147


9

Influence of Shielding Gas and Mechanical Activation of Metal Powders on the Quality of Surface Sintered Layers

N A Saprykina A A Saprykin D A Arkhipova Yurga Institute of Technology of National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Affiliate Tomsk Russia The study was performed by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project 15-19-00191) e-mail saprikinatpuru

Abstract The thesis analyses the influence of argon shielding gas and mechanical activation of PMS-1 copper powder and DSK-F75 cobalt chrome molybdenum powder on the surface sintered layer quality under various sintering conditions Factors affecting the quality of the sintered surface and internal structure are studied The obtained results prove positive impact of the shielding gas and mechanical activation Sintering PMS-1 copper powder in argon shielding gas after mechanical activation leads to reduced internal stresses and roughness as well as improved strength characteristics of the sintered surface Analysis of sintered samples of mechanically activated DSK-F75 cobalt chrome molybdenum powder shows that the strength of the sintered surface grows porosity and coagulation changes

Introduction Layered synthesis technologies are a rapidly progressing trend in the development of modern industry A separate line of this development is layered laser sintering of metal powder compositions based on 3D CAD-model allowing applicative products As far as the layered synthesis of an applicative product basically consists in shaping a single layer a problem resides in strains which arise in a single sintered layer and thus hamper a uniform application of the next powder layer and deform the product For a product obtained by laser layered sintering to perform its function the required quality characteristics must be provided The main quality parameters of a sintered product are precision surface layer condition physical and mathematical properties durability A considerable problem in providing quality of the surface layer of a sintered product consists in strains which prevent a uniform application of the following powder layer and distort a product shape To solve this problem it is necessary to research the influence of physical and mechanical properties of powder materials laser sintering modes and process conditions of powder layer application [1] The purpose of this research is to study factors effecting quality and inner structure of a sintered surface as well as to analyze the influence of argon shielding gas mechanical activation of copper powder PMS-1 and cobalt chrome molybdenum powder DSK-F75 on the quality of a sintered surface layer under different process conditions Thickness and roughness of a sintered surface and strength of sintered samples have been examined

Result and Discussion The sintered process starts with assigning a powder material which directly determines sintering conditions Important properties of metal powders include their shape structure character of


Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 30 licence Any further distributionof this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work journal citation and DOI

Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1


The fmetal int


Figur

mmminthickness

FsW0







Figuof Pcondmmin th







mmin S=03he air









from 1675 w







nce cess 000 0C

Figof conmmin


when sintered

MS-1 =15 200

FigsurW0C







d in the air to





can be incre




=30 W V=33 mm t=26





on (fusion o







creases as oughness


shape and laser ray

sing laser

of molten



W V=200 red layer

rgon

-1 15 00


2


Sinte

powder PThe i



Figur

increaseson the su



Figuof Pcondmmin th



7

l nce of


mm t=200 activated




mmin S=01 he air










8

of surface

(x2)

10 W mmin

t=200 minute




nce cess 200 0C

Figof conmmin





coagulation i







9

of face x2)

W min 200 utes





urface layer



fter 7 minute


mm t=200after 5

es tion




produced o





f e

0 5




of copper

d through different

l AGO-2 with 30gr


11

ce of surface


n

strength olid spots


3


Incredistribut



12

l nce of


mm t=200 activated


17

l nce of


mm t=26 activated

22

l nce of


mm t=26 activated





13

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

t=200 minute



18

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute


23

of surface

(x2)

10 W mmin

m t=26 minute









260C 3 minutivation

14

of face

W min 200 utes



19

of face x2)

W min =26 utes


24

of face x2)

W min mm utes



mm t=200after 5

es tion



mm t=26after 5

es tion


after 5es tion

f e

0 5


les and their

f e

6 5


f e

W 6 5


16

ce of surface


n

r uniform

21

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

26

ce of surface


n


4


Figur

diffractio




27

l nce of


mm t=26 activated


32 Diffractiocobalt

enum powdd




on pattern chrome

der non-


from 625mk

28

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute











uence the dif


mkm sintered

29

of face x2)

W min =26 utes



pattern of ybdenum

minutes

Fcpa



d layer thick






kness grows

f e

5






31

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

xis shows e 2 theta

pattern of ybdenum

minutes

d (Fig9b) vanishes

eaks arise



5


Compvanish r

In fig

materials




n S=03 mvated


FiguappePMcondmmnon



n S=03 mmvated


n S=01 mmvated




mmin S=03-activated



m t=26 0C


m t=200 0C

e s 0





e s 0


e s 0






FigappPMconmmaft

the sintered m






W V=3000 t=26 0C ion

mproved qua

gure 3pearance of


samples of


W V=200 t=26 0C ion


W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion


ality of the

9 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=3 mm t=26

s activation

f mechanical





surface laye


lly activated




P=30 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio


t=26 0C on

er cracks

d powder


on


=200 0C on


6


Thus

surface q


n S=01 mmvated

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon



m t=200 0C


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=02-activated


e s 0





2 mm t=26





FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft



W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion

gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


the influencehness


0 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

2 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=15 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

4 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=22 W V=2 mm t=26

s activation

e of mechan


P=15 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio




ical activatio


=200 0C on

on on the


7

















8






9


The fmetal int


Figur

mmminthickness

FsW0







Figuof Pcondmmin th







mmin S=03he air









from 1675 w







nce cess 000 0C

Figof conmmin


when sintered

MS-1 =15 200

FigsurW0C







d in the air to





can be incre




=30 W V=33 mm t=26





on (fusion o







creases as oughness


shape and laser ray

sing laser

of molten



W V=200 red layer

rgon

-1 15 00


2


Sinte

powder PThe i



Figur

increaseson the su



Figuof Pcondmmin th



7

l nce of


mm t=200 activated




mmin S=01 he air










8

of surface

(x2)

10 W mmin

t=200 minute




nce cess 200 0C

Figof conmmin





coagulation i







9

of face x2)

W min 200 utes





urface layer



fter 7 minute


mm t=200after 5

es tion




produced o





f e

0 5




of copper

d through different

l AGO-2 with 30gr


11

ce of surface


n

strength olid spots


3


Incredistribut



12

l nce of


mm t=200 activated


17

l nce of


mm t=26 activated

22

l nce of


mm t=26 activated





13

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

t=200 minute



18

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute


23

of surface

(x2)

10 W mmin

m t=26 minute









260C 3 minutivation

14

of face

W min 200 utes



19

of face x2)

W min =26 utes


24

of face x2)

W min mm utes



mm t=200after 5

es tion



mm t=26after 5

es tion


after 5es tion

f e

0 5


les and their

f e

6 5


f e

W 6 5


16

ce of surface


n

r uniform

21

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

26

ce of surface


n


4


Figur

diffractio




27

l nce of


mm t=26 activated


32 Diffractiocobalt

enum powdd




on pattern chrome

der non-


from 625mk

28

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute











uence the dif


mkm sintered

29

of face x2)

W min =26 utes



pattern of ybdenum

minutes

Fcpa



d layer thick






kness grows

f e

5






31

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

xis shows e 2 theta

pattern of ybdenum

minutes

d (Fig9b) vanishes

eaks arise



5


Compvanish r

In fig

materials




n S=03 mvated


FiguappePMcondmmnon



n S=03 mmvated


n S=01 mmvated




mmin S=03-activated



m t=26 0C


m t=200 0C

e s 0





e s 0


e s 0






FigappPMconmmaft

the sintered m






W V=3000 t=26 0C ion

mproved qua

gure 3pearance of


samples of


W V=200 t=26 0C ion


W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion


ality of the

9 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=3 mm t=26

s activation

f mechanical





surface laye


lly activated




P=30 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio


t=26 0C on

er cracks

d powder


on


=200 0C on


6


Thus

surface q


n S=01 mmvated

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon



m t=200 0C


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=02-activated


e s 0





2 mm t=26





FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft



W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion

gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


the influencehness


0 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

2 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=15 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

4 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=22 W V=2 mm t=26

s activation

e of mechan


P=15 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio




ical activatio


=200 0C on

on on the


7

















8






9


Sinte

powder PThe i



Figur

increaseson the su



Figuof Pcondmmin th



7

l nce of


mm t=200 activated




mmin S=01 he air










8

of surface

(x2)

10 W mmin

t=200 minute




nce cess 200 0C

Figof conmmin





coagulation i







9

of face x2)

W min 200 utes





urface layer



fter 7 minute


mm t=200after 5

es tion




produced o





f e

0 5




of copper

d through different

l AGO-2 with 30gr


11

ce of surface


n

strength olid spots


3


Incredistribut



12

l nce of


mm t=200 activated


17

l nce of


mm t=26 activated

22

l nce of


mm t=26 activated





13

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

t=200 minute



18

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute


23

of surface

(x2)

10 W mmin

m t=26 minute









260C 3 minutivation

14

of face

W min 200 utes



19

of face x2)

W min =26 utes


24

of face x2)

W min mm utes



mm t=200after 5

es tion



mm t=26after 5

es tion


after 5es tion

f e

0 5


les and their

f e

6 5


f e

W 6 5


16

ce of surface


n

r uniform

21

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

26

ce of surface


n


4


Figur

diffractio




27

l nce of


mm t=26 activated


32 Diffractiocobalt

enum powdd




on pattern chrome

der non-


from 625mk

28

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute











uence the dif


mkm sintered

29

of face x2)

W min =26 utes



pattern of ybdenum

minutes

Fcpa



d layer thick






kness grows

f e

5






31

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

xis shows e 2 theta

pattern of ybdenum

minutes

d (Fig9b) vanishes

eaks arise



5


Compvanish r

In fig

materials




n S=03 mvated


FiguappePMcondmmnon



n S=03 mmvated


n S=01 mmvated




mmin S=03-activated



m t=26 0C


m t=200 0C

e s 0





e s 0


e s 0






FigappPMconmmaft

the sintered m






W V=3000 t=26 0C ion

mproved qua

gure 3pearance of


samples of


W V=200 t=26 0C ion


W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion


ality of the

9 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=3 mm t=26

s activation

f mechanical





surface laye


lly activated




P=30 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio


t=26 0C on

er cracks

d powder


on


=200 0C on


6


Thus

surface q


n S=01 mmvated

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon



m t=200 0C


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=02-activated


e s 0





2 mm t=26





FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft



W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion

gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


the influencehness


0 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

2 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=15 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

4 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=22 W V=2 mm t=26

s activation

e of mechan


P=15 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio




ical activatio


=200 0C on

on on the


7

















8






9


Incredistribut



12

l nce of


mm t=200 activated


17

l nce of


mm t=26 activated

22

l nce of


mm t=26 activated





13

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

t=200 minute



18

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute


23

of surface

(x2)

10 W mmin

m t=26 minute









260C 3 minutivation

14

of face

W min 200 utes



19

of face x2)

W min =26 utes


24

of face x2)

W min mm utes



mm t=200after 5

es tion



mm t=26after 5

es tion


after 5es tion

f e

0 5


les and their

f e

6 5


f e

W 6 5


16

ce of surface


n

r uniform

21

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

26

ce of surface


n


4


Figur

diffractio




27

l nce of


mm t=26 activated


32 Diffractiocobalt

enum powdd




on pattern chrome

der non-


from 625mk

28

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute











uence the dif


mkm sintered

29

of face x2)

W min =26 utes



pattern of ybdenum

minutes

Fcpa



d layer thick






kness grows

f e

5






31

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

xis shows e 2 theta

pattern of ybdenum

minutes

d (Fig9b) vanishes

eaks arise



5


Compvanish r

In fig

materials




n S=03 mvated


FiguappePMcondmmnon



n S=03 mmvated


n S=01 mmvated




mmin S=03-activated



m t=26 0C


m t=200 0C

e s 0





e s 0


e s 0






FigappPMconmmaft

the sintered m






W V=3000 t=26 0C ion

mproved qua

gure 3pearance of


samples of


W V=200 t=26 0C ion


W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion


ality of the

9 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=3 mm t=26

s activation

f mechanical





surface laye


lly activated




P=30 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio


t=26 0C on

er cracks

d powder


on


=200 0C on


6


Thus

surface q


n S=01 mmvated

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon



m t=200 0C


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=02-activated


e s 0





2 mm t=26





FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft



W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion

gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


the influencehness


0 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

2 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=15 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

4 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=22 W V=2 mm t=26

s activation

e of mechan


P=15 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio




ical activatio


=200 0C on

on on the


7

















8






9


Figur

diffractio




27

l nce of


mm t=26 activated


32 Diffractiocobalt

enum powdd




on pattern chrome

der non-


from 625mk

28

of surface

(x2)

20 W mmin

m t=26 minute











uence the dif


mkm sintered

29

of face x2)

W min =26 utes



pattern of ybdenum

minutes

Fcpa



d layer thick






kness grows

f e

5






31

ce of surface


mm t=26 fter 7

n

xis shows e 2 theta

pattern of ybdenum

minutes

d (Fig9b) vanishes

eaks arise



5


Compvanish r

In fig

materials




n S=03 mvated


FiguappePMcondmmnon



n S=03 mmvated


n S=01 mmvated




mmin S=03-activated



m t=26 0C


m t=200 0C

e s 0





e s 0


e s 0






FigappPMconmmaft

the sintered m






W V=3000 t=26 0C ion

mproved qua

gure 3pearance of


samples of


W V=200 t=26 0C ion


W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion


ality of the

9 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=3 mm t=26

s activation

f mechanical





surface laye


lly activated




P=30 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio


t=26 0C on

er cracks

d powder


on


=200 0C on


6


Thus

surface q


n S=01 mmvated

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon



m t=200 0C


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=02-activated


e s 0





2 mm t=26





FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft



W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion

gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


the influencehness


0 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

2 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=15 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

4 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=22 W V=2 mm t=26

s activation

e of mechan


P=15 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio




ical activatio


=200 0C on

on on the


7

















8






9


Compvanish r

In fig

materials




n S=03 mvated


FiguappePMcondmmnon



n S=03 mmvated


n S=01 mmvated




mmin S=03-activated



m t=26 0C


m t=200 0C

e s 0





e s 0


e s 0






FigappPMconmmaft

the sintered m






W V=3000 t=26 0C ion

mproved qua

gure 3pearance of


samples of


W V=200 t=26 0C ion


W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion


ality of the

9 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=3 mm t=26

s activation

f mechanical





surface laye


lly activated




P=30 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio


t=26 0C on

er cracks

d powder


on


=200 0C on


6


Thus

surface q


n S=01 mmvated

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon



m t=200 0C


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=02-activated


e s 0





2 mm t=26





FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft



W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion

gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


the influencehness


0 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

2 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=15 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

4 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=22 W V=2 mm t=26

s activation

e of mechan


P=15 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio




ical activatio


=200 0C on

on on the


7

















8






9


Thus

surface q


n S=01 mmvated

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon

FiguappePMcondmmnon



m t=200 0C


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=01-activated


mmin S=02-activated


e s 0





2 mm t=26





FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft


FigappPMconmmaft



W V=3000 t=200 0C

ion

gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


gure 5pearance of


the influencehness


0 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=30 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

2 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=15 W V=1 mm t=26

s activation

4 Extesintered sur

x2) Pro=22 W V=2 mm t=26

s activation

e of mechan


P=15 W =01 mm t=

utes activatio




ical activatio


=200 0C on

on on the


7

















8






9

















8






9






9

HUV Mechanical Activation of Construction Binder Materials ...

Documents

Transcript of HUV Mechanical Activation of Construction Binder Materials ...