HURRICANES Source: pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htm.
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Transcript of HURRICANES Source: pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htm.
HURRICANES
Source: http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htm
What is a hurricane?
Violent cyclonic storm that develops in the tropical region
Wind speeds are > 74 mph
Source: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=680
Rotation and Pressure
In which direction does a hurricane rotate?
COUNTERCLOCKWISE
Is the barometric pressure inside the hurricane high or low?
LOW
What conditions must be present for a hurricane to
develop?
Warm ocean temperatures (>80˚ F) up to 60m deep
Little to no wind shear Low pressure system at
least 5˚ North or South of Equator
Rotation caused by winds Source: http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.
gov/oa/reports/fran/fran.html
What is the major source of energy fueling a
hurricane?
Heat Energy evaporating from the ocean surface
Source: http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hyd/evap.rxml
Hurricane Anatomy
Source: http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/prepare/structure.htm
Another look at the Structure
Source: http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/prepare/structure.htm
What is the Scale Used to Categorize Hurricanes?
Saffir-Simpson ScaleCategor
yMax Wind
Speed(mph)
Min. Surface Pressure (mb)
Storm Surge m (ft)
1 74-96 > 980 1-1.7 (3-5)
2 97-111 979-965 1.8-2.6 (6-8)
3 112-131 964-945 2.7-3.8 (9-12)
4 132-155 944-920 3.9-5.6 (13-18)
5 > 155 < 920 > 5.7 (>19)Source: http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/hurricane/saffir-simpson.html
What causes the damage in a hurricane?
WindsFloodingStorm Surge
What is a storm surge?
Large wall or dome of water that rushes into the coastline as a result of a hurricane making landfall
To the right are the areas affected by high storm surges
Souce: http://www.wkrg.com/hurricanecenter/surge/SE.jpg
What destroys a hurricane?
Strong vertical winds Cold water Movement over land
FrictionLack of moisture
What are the five deadliest hurricanes in the United
States?
1. Galveston – 19002. Southeast Florida – 19283. Florida Keys – 19194. New England – 19385. Florida Keys – 1935
Explain why the deadliest storms were longer ago.
Lack of instrumentation to predict and track storms People were not warned of the incoming danger No ability to take pictures from satellites
(important!)
Source: http://www.1900storm.com/photographs/photo10.html
Results of the Galveston Hurricane
Source: http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htm
THE END