Humans in the Biosphere Chapter 6 Mrs. Yanac. Limited Resources All organisms on Earth must share...
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Transcript of Humans in the Biosphere Chapter 6 Mrs. Yanac. Limited Resources All organisms on Earth must share...
![Page 1: Humans in the Biosphere Chapter 6 Mrs. Yanac. Limited Resources All organisms on Earth must share the planet’s resources and they are LIMITED. Humans.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bf9b1a28abf838c92aa2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Humans in the Biosphere
Chapter 6Mrs. Yanac
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Limited Resources• All organisms on Earth must share the planet’s
resources and they are LIMITED.• Humans are the main source of environmental
change:o Hunting & Gatheringo Agricultureo Industryo Urban development
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Hunting and Gathering
• Prehistoric hunters and gathers changed the environment and even drove some species to extinction.
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Agriculture• Farming increased the amount of food produced & allowed
cities to form• People in cities produced wastes• Advances in agriculture included use of pesticides &
monoculture (planting of same crop year after year) which led to green revolution & an increase in world food supply
• Problems Pollution from pesticides
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Industry• (-) Used more resources & produced more
pollution than ever before• (+) Machines made life easier for humans
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Urban Development• Changes the landscape, displaces animals,
destroys habitat, causes pollution, etc
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Renewable Resources• Any resource that can be easily replaced or
replenished
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Nonrenewable Resources
• Any resource that can NOT be easily replaced or replenished (takes millions of years to replace)
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Human Activities• Threaten many resources & can affect the quality
& supply if renewable resources such as land, forests, fisheries, air & fresh watero Sustainable development is a way of using resources w/o depleting
them
• Soil erosion occurs when water or wind remove surface soil (removing nutrients & leaving land like a desert desertification)o Sustainable development would include alternating crop planting &
contour planting
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Human Activities• Deforestation is the loss of forests which provide
oxygen, wood, & other resourceso Sustainable development would include
planting trees to replace those cut down
• Overfishing reduces fish populationso Sustainable development would include
aquaculture (raising aquatic animals for food)
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Human Activities• Smog and acid rain are a result of air
pollution due to burning fossil fuelso Sustainable development would
include emission controls to reduce air pollution
• Sewage & discarded chemicals can pollute the water supplyo Sustainable development would include
protecting wetlands & maintaining regulations on wastewater treatment
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Biodiversity• Biodiversity is the sum of all kinds of organisms in
the biosphere• ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY – all habitats,
communities,& ecological processes in ecosystems
• SPECIES DIVERSITY – the # of different species in the biosphere
• GENETIC DIVERSITY – the genetic info carried in all living things on earth
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Ecosystem Diversity
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Species Diversity
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Genetic Diversity
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Threats to Biodiversity• Humans alter habitats, hunt species to extinction,
introduce pollution into food webs & introduce foreign species into new environments
• HABITAT FRAGMENTATION• EXTINCTION• BIOLOGICAL MAGNIFICATION• INVASIVE SPECIES
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Habitat Fragmentation
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Extinction• Several mass extinctions over geologic time (i.e.
Dinosaurs)• Humans have driven many species to extinction
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On the verge of extinction
• Many are listed as o THREATENED – Population numbers are rather low
& they must be protected & monitored
o ENDANGERED – Population numbers are extremely low and they must be protected,
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Conservation• Conservation is the wise
management of natural resources
• Protecting entire ecosystems as well as a single species
• Protecting the ecosystem ensures that the natural habitat is preserved & the interactions of many different species at the same time.
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The Future• Effects on the Ozone Layer
o Ozone protects Earth from harmful radiationo CFC’s (found in aerosols) caused damage to the ozone o CFC’s have since been banned
• Global Warmingo Increased production of CO2 has thickened the “blanket” around the
earth resulting in the trapping of more heat, raising the average temperature of the planet
o Runaway greenhouse effect (Global Warming) could result in coastal flooding and drastic weather patterns