Human Reproductive Organs

Q 36 How do animals reproduce?A: Most animals reproduce by sexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction, a male reproductive cell called sperm joins with a female reproductive cell called the egg (ovum) to produce a fertilized egg.

Q 56 Write names and functions of male reproductive organs.A: 1) Testes: There are two testis that produce sperms. 2) Scrotum: It is a bag of skin that holds the testes and keeps the sperm at the right temperature. 3) Sperm tube: It carries sperms from the testes to the penis. 4) Glands: The glands produce a liquid which is added to the sperm 5) Semen: The liquid of glands and sperm mixture is called semen.

Q 57 Write names and functions of female reproductive organs.A: 1) Ovaries: There are two ovaries one on each side, where eggs are made. 2) Oviduct: There are two tubes that carry eggs from the ovary to the uterus. The egg may meet sperm in the oviduct. 3) Uterus: The uterus is where the baby develops. 4) Cervix: It is a ring of muscles at the opening of the uterus. When the baby is ready to born, it is pushed through the cervix and out through the vagina. 5) Vagina: It is tube like opening. Sperms enter and baby is born through it.

Q 58 What is adolescence?A: The time in a young person’s life when physical and emotional changes happen, making

the person able to have babies.

Q 59 What is puberty?A: The physical changes that happen at the beginning of adolescence, is called puberty.

Q 60 Describe the changes at puberty in boys and girls.

Boys GirlsHeight increase Height increaseHair start growing on

bodyHair start growing on body

Voice deepens Breast grow Testes start to make

sperms and hormonesOvaries start to release

eggs and make hormones

Sexual organs get bigger

Periods start

Shoulder broaden Hips widen

Q 52 What is menstruation?A: Every month, the lining of uterus breaks

down and leaves the body through the vagina.

Q 53 What is menstrual cycle?A:. During the monthly cycle, an egg is released from the ovaries and women begin their

periods.

Q 41 What is an ovulation?A: When an egg is released from an ovary into an oviduct, that period is called ovulation

period. A woman produces one egg in a month most of the time.

Q 37 What is fertilization?A: When the sperm come into contact with an egg, one of the sperm will fertilize the egg by

joining its nucleus with the nucleus of the egg. This process is called fertilization.

Q 42 What is an embryo?A: It is tiny ball of cells formed from the fertilized egg, when animals reproduce.

Q 43 What is foetus?A: A developing baby inside the uterus of female is called a foetus.

Q 44 What is amniotic fluid?A: The baby inside the uterus is protected by floating in a bag of liquid, called amniotic fluid.

Q 45 What is placenta?A: It is a structure formed inside uterus of pregnant female.

Q 47 How does foetus get food?A: The foetus gets its food from placenta through umbilical cord.

Q 46 What is umbilical cord?A: A cord that carries nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other

waste substances between placenta and growing foetus.

Q 49 How much time does a foetus take to born? A: It takes about nine months for a foetus to be ready to grow.

Q What is gestation period?A: Gestaion period is the time for foetus inside the womb, from the fertilisation of egg till the

baby born.

Q 48 What is amniocentesis?A: A procedure to remove some amniotic fluid from pregnant female uterus to test and

check if the foetus has any genetic condition.

Q 50 What are premature babies?A: The babies born too early are called premature babies. They usually have to be looking

after in special baby care units. As they have breathing and sucking problems.

Q 51 What are incubators?A: An incubator is an artificial uterus where premature babies are kept alive. But such babies can be mentally or physically disabled.

Q 39 What causes infertility?A: 1) When Women can not produce an egg every month. 2) Oviduct is blocked. 3) When men don’t produce enough sperms to meet an egg.

Q 40 What are test tube babies?A: The process of joining sperm with an egg in laboratory, then placed in uterus, is called

IVF treatment. The babies born by this method are called test tube babies.

Q 54 What is contraceptive pill?A: The pill that prevents a woman from becoming pregnant. The pill works by stopping the

ovaries from releasing eggs.

Q 55 What are the side effects of contraceptive pill?A: Some women can gain weight, headaches and high blood pressure. Blood clots can

develop and has risk of breast cancer.

Contraceptive methods

Contraceptive methods