HUMAN IMPACT ON THE LITHOSPHERE. AGRICULTURE Agriculture-The cultivation of other life forms for...
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Transcript of HUMAN IMPACT ON THE LITHOSPHERE. AGRICULTURE Agriculture-The cultivation of other life forms for...
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HUMAN IMPACT ON THE LITHOSPHERE
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AGRICULTURE
• Agriculture-The cultivation of other life forms for food purposes
• Land must be cleared for agriculture makes area less diverse
• Monoculture-Only one species is present• Easier for farmers to maintain• Less cost efficient
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AGRICULTURE• Pesticides-Chemicals designed to protect crops from parasites
• Pesticides can runoff into streams or seep into the groundwater• Pesticides can harm organisms Offset food chains
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AGRICULTURE
• Irrigation-Process where farmers supply water to dry land in order to help the growing of crops• Helps saturate very dry land
• Prevents farmers from having to rely on rainfall
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• Problems with irrigation:• Groundwater runs out (Aquifer
depletion)
• Ground sinks due to depleted groundwater (San Joaquin Valley)
• Over irrigation may cause water to mix with pesticides and cause water pollution
AGRICULTURE
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DEFORESTATION
• Deforestation-Process where trees are removed and not replanted• Done in order to clear area for construction• Trees are also used for products such as paper, firewood
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DEFORESTATION
• As trees are removed the topsoil is weakened• This causes an increase in erosion due to soil not being held in place
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• If more trees are cut down then carbon dioxide will increase and oxygen levels will decrease• Photosynthesis will stop
• If trees are burned that also releases carbon dioxide Could lead to global warming
DEFORESTATION
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URBANIZATION
• Urbanization is the growth of cities as more people move from rural areas to urban areas
• 70% of people in North America live in a city• By 2025-5 Billion people will live in cities
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URBANIZATION
• Effects of Urbanization on the environment• Destroys ecosystems – Forests are cleared and wetlands are filled
• Increased erosion
• More factories More emissions More greenhouse gases
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SOLUTIONS
• Barriers around construction sites to catch eroded sediment
• Keep sediment from polluting streams
• Modern landfills minimize leakage. Ventilation at landfills cipher out toxic gases
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• Mountaintop removal mining-Destructive form of surface mining that blasts away the tops of mountains to acquire resources• Done in the Appalachian
Mountains
• Massive transport trucks
• Burning coal for power releases pollutants
MOUNTAINSIDES