Human Factors Involved with Pediatric Window Falls; Gary Sloan, PhD
Transcript of Human Factors Involved with Pediatric Window Falls; Gary Sloan, PhD
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Human Factors involved withPediatric Window Falls
Gary D. SloanG. David Sloan Inc.
Olympia, WAwww.gdsloan.com
2010 Community Forum:
Understanding and Preventing Window Falls Among Children
The Children’s Hospital at Legacy Emanuel Medical Center
Portland, Oregon November 9, 2010
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A few words about Human Factors...
• For whom do we design?
Panero and Zelnik (1979) Human Dimension & Interior Space New York: Whitney Library
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Physical Characteristics and Limitations
• Body Dimensions
• Biomechanics
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Physical Characteristics and Limitations
• Biomechanics
Human Factors = Ergonomics
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Physical Characteristics and Limitations
• Biomechanics
Center-of-Mass(COM)
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Physical Characteristics and Limitations
• Biomechanics
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Physical Characteristics and Limitations
• Biomechanics
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Physiological Characteristics and Limitations
• Work Physiology
Expenditure of Energy
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Physiological Characteristics and Limitations
• Stress Physiology
Source: blogs.mirror.co.uk
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Psychological Characteristics and Limitations
• Perceptual Characteristics
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Psychological Characteristics and Limitations
• Perceptual Characteristics
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Psychological Characteristics and Limitations
• Perceptual Characteristics
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Psychological Characteristics and Limitations
• Perceptual Characteristics
Binocular Color Fields
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Psychological Characteristics and Limitations
• Cognitive Characteristics
Signal Detection Theory
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Human Factors Specialist
Kind of a tailor…
Measure of good fit…
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Human Factors
Maximum opening to prevent falls?
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Human Factors
New
“O inches”
Children Can’t Fly Program
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Human Factors
Maximum opening to prevent falls?
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Maximum opening to prevent falls?
Which body dimension?
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Which body dimension?
Which percentile?1st % 5th % 50th % 95th % 99th %
Most Narrow Most Wide
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Head Breadth of Children
Age?
Source: Henry Dreyfuss Associates (1993)
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Head Breadth of Children
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Human Factors
Maximum opening to prevent falls?
? = 4 inches
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How to implement?
What is the hazard?
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What is the hazard?
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Safety Hierarchy
Hazard = Acceleration
Mitigate: Forgiving Surfaces
Guard: 4-inch Opening
Warn: Alert to danger
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Guarding
Through distance.
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Guarding
Design Constraints?
• Fire codes
• Not interfere with emergency egress/access
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One Human Factors Approach
Pinch Strength of Children
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Who do we design for?
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Measure of Good Fit
Performance
Fewer accidents and injuries…