Human Factors in Transportation Arnold G. Konheim U.S. Department of Transportation November 13,...
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Transcript of Human Factors in Transportation Arnold G. Konheim U.S. Department of Transportation November 13,...
Human Factors in Human Factors in Transportation Transportation
Arnold G. KonheimArnold G. Konheim
U.S. Department of TransportationU.S. Department of Transportation
November 13, 2008November 13, 2008
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GoalGoal
Transportation that is Transportation that is
SafeSafe
EfficientEfficient
Accessible Accessible
Environmentally FriendlyEnvironmentally Friendly
Human FactorsHuman Factors
In the design and operation of In the design and operation of transportation systems and conveyances, transportation systems and conveyances, must consider the physiological and must consider the physiological and cognitive capabilities of humanscognitive capabilities of humans
Prevent accidentsPrevent accidents
Increase efficiencyIncrease efficiency
Make accessible Make accessible
Provide comfortProvide comfort
Older DriversOlder Drivers
Physical, Sensory, and Cognitive Physical, Sensory, and Cognitive limitations. limitations. Impaired VisuallyImpaired Visually Limited AgilityLimited Agility FatigueFatigue
Safest Among Age GroupsSafest Among Age GroupsSelf Limit Self Limit Avoid RisksAvoid Risks
In Terms of Exposure, Most FatalitiesIn Terms of Exposure, Most Fatalities
ImprovementsImprovements
VehicleVehicle Following at a Safe DistanceFollowing at a Safe Distance Night DrivingNight Driving Lane ChangeLane Change
HighwayHighway SignageSignage LightingLighting
Quiet CarsQuiet Cars
Transportation Can be a Source of Noise Transportation Can be a Source of Noise Pollution Pollution
Electric Cars Make Little NoiseElectric Cars Make Little Noise
Pose a Safety Problem to Visually Pose a Safety Problem to Visually Impaired Impaired
CommunicationsCommunications
Particular concern: English as a Second Particular concern: English as a Second Language Language SignageSignage Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices
provides standards for the USprovides standards for the US There are innovative signsThere are innovative signs
AnnouncementsAnnouncements Audio SystemsAudio Systems AnnouncersAnnouncers
SimulatorsSimulators
Used in All Modes of TransportationUsed in All Modes of Transportation
Used for Conveyance Operator and Used for Conveyance Operator and System OperatorSystem Operator
SimulatorsSimulators
TrainingTraining
Research on Human Performance Research on Human Performance
Development of In-Cab or In-Cockpit Development of In-Cab or In-Cockpit SystemsSystems
DisplaysDisplays
Operators of ConveyanceOperators of Conveyance
Operators of SystemOperators of System
UsersUsers
Other AreasOther Areas
Next Generation Air Transportation System Next Generation Air Transportation System
Operator FatigueOperator Fatigue
Risk PerceptionRisk Perception
ConspicuityConspicuity
Crew SizeCrew Size
Allocating Tasks to Humans and AutomationAllocating Tasks to Humans and Automation
Physical Demands of Task and EnvironmentPhysical Demands of Task and Environment
Collaborative EffortCollaborative Effort
GovernmentGovernment
IndustryIndustry
Research InstitutionsResearch Institutions