Human Environment Interaction

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Unit 3 – Human Activity Shapes Earth’s Surface

Transcript of Human Environment Interaction

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Unit 3 – Human Activity Shapes Earth’s Surface

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Class Motto:

Knowledge is Power!

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• Two types of Geography:- Physical & Human (vocab.)

Crater Lake, OR (deepest lake in the U.S.)

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• Physical Environment (vocab.) – the external, tangible surroundings.

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• Adaption (vocab.) – the process by which living things become better suited to it’s habitat (physical environment).

- It is all about survival!!!

Global Warming

Alaska The Middle East

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• Local vs. Global- What is the difference?

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• Local (vocab.) - refers to one’s immediate surroundings.

GPJH

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• Global (syn. International) (vocab.) - refers to the whole world; worldwide.

What is the most infamous company/corporation in the world?

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What a strange picture!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2LBICPEK6w

Which one is global and which one is local?

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Can local businesses compete?

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• Urban vs. Rural (vocab.)

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• Suburban (vocab.)

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Indiana Chicago, IL

Tooele Co., UT (Skull Valley)

?Harlem, NY

SF, CA

?

Seattle, WA

urban, suburban or rural?

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• By what natural resource do most people live?

- Do ecosystems/biomes play a role as well?

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- Water

What is the percentage of all people who live near water?

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• 80% of all people (globally) live near water.

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Hemispheres?Ecosystems?

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• Why do people need to live near water sources?1. Survival (subsistence)

a. Consumption (drinking water)

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b. Agriculture - farming

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2. Transportation a. rivers/canals b. seas & oceans

Suez Canal, Egypt

Mississippi River

Venice, Italy

San Francisco Bay, CA

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• Every type of environment has advantages and disadvantages.

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1. Natural Resources

Oil

Coal

Copper

Wind

Lumber

Diamonds

• Advantages

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Example: water – the ocean, lakes, rivers, etc.

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2. Climate

San Diego, CA

“The Del,” Coronado Island, San Diego, CA

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lettuce

grapes

olives

Example: Central Valley, CA (agriculture)

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(one of the best natural harbors in the world)

3. Landforms• Example: Elliott Bay – Seattle, WA

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San Francisco Bay, CA

Great for shipping/trade

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Port of Oakland – San Francisco Bay

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- Disadvantages1. Few natural resourcesExample: little or no water

Monument Valley, Utah

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2. Climate Example: Polar Regions (Antarctica)

Antarctica is the coldest of all the continents.

What type of ecosystem is this?

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3. Isolated location

(China)Example:

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- Is Salt Lake City, UT isolated?

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To a certain extent . . . yes. The reason for this is because of the mountains. . . especially, back in the day before the railroad.

SLC

CA

NV

OR

WA

ID

MT

WY

AZ

CO

NM

UT

Western United States Region

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• 4. Natural Disasters – earthquake, tornado, flood, etc.(environment acting upon humans)

Earthquake in Chinadrought in Africa

flood in USA

hurricane in Gulf of Mexico

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Mississippi River (2012)

The river was at a very low level due to a very long period of dry weather. What is that type of weather phenomenon called?

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Santiago, Chile (2010)

Iran (2012)

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Tsunami in Japan (2011)

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tornado in Alabama (2011)

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aftermath of tornados in Alabama (2011)

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wildfires in Colorado Springs, CO (2012)

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What states have the most natural disasters?

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U.S.

Most Natural Disasters:1.Texas2.California3.Oklahoma

Hurricane Ike – Texas (2008)

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CA

TX

OK

Most What states have the least?

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U.S.Least Natural Disasters:1.Rhode Island2.Wyoming3.Utah

Grand Tetons - WY

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UT

WYRI

Least

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SLC - 1983

Despite the fact that Utah has had few natural disasters, there are a couple of note.

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SLC - 1999

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• Humans modify (change) their environment . . . how?

surface mining, WY

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1. dams 2. oil rigs3. smokestacks4. cities5. mining, etc.

Seattle, WA Gulf of Mexico

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Specific Examples -1. A dam generates energy, however, it can, also, disrupt the whole ecosystem up and downstream.

Hoover Dam – Arizona & Nevada

Lake Mead

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- Dams can, also, break and cause mass destruction.

Teton Dam, Idaho (1976)

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Rexburg, ID (1976)

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2. The oil leak in the Gulf of Mexico did serious environmental damage.

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Yes, that is oil in somebody’s backyard after the gulf spill.

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3. A smokestack can pollute air miles away.

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Los Angeles, CA

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Weathering/erosion caused by Acid Rain

Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide

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4. Pollution in a river upstream will effect the ecosystem and usage downstream.

?

?

GangesGanges

Ganges River, India Ganges River, India

Buriganga River, Bangladesh

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Ganges River, India

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Citarum River, Indonesia

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Cuyahoga River, Cleveland, Ohio

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U.S. Steel dumping pollution into the Cuyahoga River (1965)

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The river, actually, caught on fire several times throughout the 20th century.

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KIP

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• To more effectively live, humans have set up economic systems and governments.

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• Economic Systems (vocab.) – theories of:

a. production (making)b. distribution (shipping, buying & selling)c. consumption (using)

Starburst activity

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Production, distribution or consumption?

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1. Capitalism (a.k.a.Free Market system) (vocab.) a. private ownership of property and/or businesses

b. no gov’t regulation (rules)c. encourages competitiond. class system.

Adam Smith

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This company

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• Class System (vocab.) - Upper (elites) - Middle (bourgeoisie) - Lower/workers

lower/working middle upper/elites

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2. Socialism (vocab.) – A theory advocating some gov’t control (regulation) of economic activity.

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3. Communism (vocab.) – “higher stage” of socialisma. Total gov’t ownership of property and businesses

b. Pro-worker (proletariat)c. Classless system (everyone is equal)

- What is the color of communism?

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- The color of communism - red

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Origin of Communism - Karl Marx (German philosopher)

Published in 1848

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• What type of economic system does the U.S. have?

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• The U.S.A., technically, has a Mixed Economy (socialism) . . . capitalist (free market) economy with some government regulation .

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• Where is the U.S. on the capitalist/communist continuum? What about Canada? 1 to 10

CommunismCapitalism

Socialism

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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• Despite the technicalities, most people call our economic system . . . CAPITALISM!!!

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• Does capitalism work?

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Donald Trump – 2.9 billion

#2 (richest in the world) Bill Gates – 61 billion #3 Warren Buffet

– 44 billion

For some . . . capitalism is great!

Paris Hilton

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Oprah Winfrey is worth 2.7 billion

Who is the richest person in the world?

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Carlos Slim (Mexico) - #1 richest person in the world @ 70 billion

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Capitalism fosters greed

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For others . . . not so much

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Republicansrepublicans

Capitalism vs. Communism and/or Socialism . . . you be the judge.

Again, what type of system does the U.S. have?

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Occupy Wall Street movement (2011) which protested against greed, corruption, economic inequality, etc.

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• Capitalists use propaganda to demonize communism and socialism.

“Communism” and “Socialism” are considered dirty words to many people in the United States.

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juxtaposition

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• Political Systems – a system of government; a form of rule over people.

- What are some different forms of government?

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1. Democracy (vocab.) – Government by the people.

Two types:a. Direct Democracy

1. Everyone participates and has a say in gov’t.

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b. Republic (vocab.) – Gov’t system in which the people elect leaders to

represent them. a.k.a. representative democracy. Example: USA

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• Difference between (direct) democracy and republic. Students will draw

(Direct)

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2. Autocracy – government in which one person has unlimited power over others.

- Two types: a. Totalitarian dictatorship

Pol Pot - Cambodia

Augusto Pinochet - Chile

Bashar al-Assad - Syria Saddam Hussein - Iraq

All are infamous and, generally, narcissistic.

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Muammar Gaddafi - Libya

Idi Amin - Uganda

Rafael Trujillo – Dominican Republic

The state/country is in control of everything

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Also comes with a ridiculous fashion sense.

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• Regime (vocab.) – authoritarian/dictatorship and/or corrupt government

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b. Monarchy (vocab.) – Government rule by king or queen. Two types:

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1. Absolute Monarchy – all powerfulEx. Saudi Arabia

King Abdullah

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2. Constitutional or Limited Monarchy – llittle or no power

“I just came out to say, POWER TO THE PEOPLE.”

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• Is Queen Elizabeth II, of the United Kingdom, an absolute monarch?

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• NO!!! She is a constitutional or limited monarch.

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3. Oligarchy – Government rule by a group of people.

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Example: Communist State (country) – single-party (communist) rule which professes allegiance to Marxist-Leninist communist ideology; led by a dictator; indoctrination.

North Korea

Karl Marx Vladimir Lenin

Communism is thought of as both an economic system and a gov’t system.

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- Current Communist States (countries) – Cuba, China, Laos, Vietnam & North Korea

Western Hemisphere

Eastern Hemisphere

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4. Theocracy (vocab.) – gov’t rule by a religion. Ex. – Iran (Islam)

Ayatollah (Supreme Leader) in Iran

President

Based on Sharia Law

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Iranian fashion police

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Showing hair is a form protest.

Women’s rights protest in Tehran, Iran. The theocratic gov’t took it very seriously.

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“Women should have the same rights as men.” Farsi/Persian

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5. Fascism (vocab.) – led by a dictator; emphasizes ancestry, culture and blood; emphasis of nation (nationalism) over the individual; indoctrination; forcibly suppresses any opposition.

Examples: Germany, Italy & Spain in the 1930’s & ’40s

Francisco Franco (Spain)Hitler and Mussolini (Italy)

As mentioned before, dictators are, generally, infamous and very narcissistic.

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6. Plutocracy – the rule or control of a society by the wealthy.

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7. Anarchy (vocab.) – no government

Nester Makhno (1918) – leader of the Anarchist Free Territory in Ukraine during the Russian Civil War.

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (French) – father of modern Anarchism

Mikhail Bakunin (Russian)

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What would life be like without gov’t?Think about it.

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You would have to deal with people like this.

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• What is the role of government?

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- To serve and protect (we hope)

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• We are all linked (connected) together . . . how?

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1. Transportationa. Waterwaysb. Roadsc. Aird. rail

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2. Economics

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• - Currency (paper money)1. Example: euro

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- Distribution . . . Trade

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• What percent (%) of trade travels by water?

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- 90%

- Top five trading partners (countries/states) with the U.S.?

Long Beach, CA port

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1. Canada 2. China 3. Mexico 4. Japan 5. Germany

- Examples of major trade networks.

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Major trade networks - Oil

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• Tariff (vocab.) – a tax on imports & exports . . . why tariffs?

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• Tariffs protect locally made products.

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3. Communicationa. Language

1. Internet2. Telephones3. Mail4. T.V./Radio

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Hemisphere & “World”?????

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KIP

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4. Migration (vocab.) – movement from one place to another.

World migration since 1700

Hemispheres?