Human Development Report 2013
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Transcript of Human Development Report 2013
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2013
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INTRODUCTION
• Main highlights from 2013 Human Development Report
• Turkey in 2013 Human Development Report
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“Rise of South” transforming global power balance
• Developing nations driving economic growth• Lifting hundreds of millions of people from
poverty• Propelling billions more into a new global
middle class
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“The Industrial Revolution was a story of perhaps a hundred million people, but this is a story about billions of people”, Khalid Malik, 2013 Report’s lead author.
Some facts…• China and India doubled
per capita economic output in less than 20 years
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Some facts…
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Some facts…
• More interconnected South via Internet and Social Media
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Some facts…
• Migration between developing countries surpassed net migration from South to North
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Global Rebalancing
18201835
18501865
18801895
19101925
19401955
19701985
20002040
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Brazil, India, ChinaGermany, France, Italy, UK, US, Canada
% S
hare
of w
orld
out
put (
PPP)
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Realignment of World Trade
19801983
19861989
19921995
19982001
20042007
20100
10
20
30
40
50
60
South-SouthNorth-North
% s
hare
of w
orld
mer
chan
dise
trad
e
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Rapid Human Development Across the Globe
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Much Human Progress, Particularly Low HDI Countries
Very high HDI High HDI Medium HDI Low HDI0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
Average Annual Growth rate 2000-2012
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Massive Expansion of the Global Middle Class
1990 (1.8 billion)
Europe and North AmericaAsia-PacificCentral and South AmericaRest of the World
2020 (3.2 billion)
2030 (4.9 billion)
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Why have some countries done better than others?
1Commitment to
long-term human development 2 Actively promoting
job creation
3Enhancing public
investment in health and education 4 Nurturing industrial
capacities
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Social Policy Innovations
1 Expanding education access by equalizing funds across regions and municipalities
Poverty reduction through innovative cash transfer programmes
Health care for all and targeting the poor
2
3
BRAZIL TURKEY
MEXICO 4 Extending development benefits to the broader society key to accelerating progress
INDIA
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Facing Challenges, Sustaining Momentum
1 2
4
Participation and inclusion essential to stability and social cohesion
Aging population is increasing the burden on the productive workforce.3
Environmental
inaction may halt human development progress in the world
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Educated, interconnected youth demand greater
accountability
New Resources, New Opportunities, New Institutions
• The rise of the South is challenging existing global institutions to change.
• The South needs greater representation in global governance.
• A new South Commission
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TURKEY IN 2013 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT
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Rise of the South from Turkey
• Favorable economic conditions for industries with a high capacity to absorb labor
• Strengthening social assistance programmes in Turkey
• Rise in GDP ratio from 32% to 48%, between 1990 and 2010
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Turkey’s Human Development Index• Measured as 0.722 (High Human
Development category)– ranked as 90th out of 187
countries– between 1980 and 2012, 52%
increase in HDI value• Between 1980 and 2012, Turkey’s life
expectancy at birth increased by 17.7 years, mean years of schooling increased by 3.6 years
• Expected years of schooling increased by 5.5 years.
• Turkey’s GNI per capita increased by about 133 % between 1980 and 2012.
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Turkey compared to OECD and EU
Human Development Index Inequality Adjusted HDI Gender-Inequality Index0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
OECD AVERAGEEU AVERAGETURKEY
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Turkey compared to MIST and CIVETs
MIST AVERAGE CIVET AVERAGE Turkey0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
HDI
HDI
MIST: Mexico, Indonesia, Korea, TurkeyCIVETS: Colombia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Egypt, Turkey, South Africa
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Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI)• Takes into account
INEQUALITY in HDI• Turkey’s IHDI is
0.560 (a loss of 22.5% from HDI due to inequality)
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Gender Inequality Index (GII)
• Reflects gender-based inequalities in 3 dimensions:– Reproductive health (maternal mortality,
adolescent fertility rates)– Empowerment (share of parliamentary seats,
attainment at secondary and higher education)– Economic Activity (labor market participation rate
for each gender)
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Gender Inequality Index (GII)• Turkey’s GII value: 0.366
– Ranked as 68th out of 148 countries.
– 14.2% parliamentary seats are held by women
– 26.7% of adult women have reached a secondary or a higher education
– For every 100,000 live births, 20 women die from pregnancy related causes.
– Adolescent fertility rate is 30.5 births per 1000 live births.
– Female participation in the labor market is 28.1% compared to 71.4% for men. /undpturkiye
Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)
• Identifies multiple deprivations in the same households in education, health and standard of living.
• A cut-off of 33.3% is used to distinguish between poor and non-poor. – -33.3% means poor– +33.3% means non-poor
• Last data is collected in Turkey was in 2003– 6.6% of the population lived in multi-dimensional poverty– 7.3% were vulnerable to multiple deprivations– The intensity of deprivation was 42%– MPI value is 0.028
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Conclusion• Human development is not a zero-sum game• New opportunities & New challenges both for
the South and the North.
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“The South needs the North, and increasingly the North needs the South. The world is getting more connected, not less”, 2013 HDR Report.
For more information: hdr.undp.org / www.undp.org.tr
yeniufuklar.info
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2013
Ege University25 April 2013
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