Human Body Systems Structures, Functions and Interdependence.
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Transcript of Human Body Systems Structures, Functions and Interdependence.
Human Body Systems
Structures, Functions and Interdependence
SKELETAL SYSTEM
• Structures:– Bones - Tendons – Joints - Ligaments– Cartilage
• Functions:– Gives the body shape/support– Allows for movement at the joints– Protects vital organs – Creates blood cells
SKELETAL SYSTEM
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
MUSCULAR SYSTEM • Structures:
– Muscles– Most organs
• Heart, stomach, intestines, brain, tongue, diaphragm, etc.
• Functions:– Allows the body to move – Gives body shape and
strength
Systems Work Together…
1. Skeletal and Muscular System• Our muscles must be
connected to the skeletal system to allow for strength and movement.
• They both help protect our internal organs.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM • Structures:– Mouth– Esophagus– Stomach– Small/large intestines
• Functions:– Digestion = breakdown of food, chemically
and mechanically – Absorption = food is processed into a
usable source of energy – Defecating = getting rid of solid waste
Systems Work Together…2. Digestive and Muscular System• At the mouth, the muscles of the jaws
and tongue break food into pieces. • Muscles of the throat move food down the
esophagus. • In the stomach, churning
motions produced by muscles break food into smaller bits and mix it with stomach acid.
• Finally, muscular contractions of the intestine move food through the remainder of the digestive tract.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Structures:– Trachea (windpipe)– Larynx (voice box)– Lungs – Diaphragm
• Functions:1. Respiration – to supply the blood
with oxygen by breathing (inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide)
2. Vocalization – using your vocal cords to speak, sing, scream, etc.
3. Respiratory and Muscular Systems• The diaphragm is a muscle that
contracts (tightens) to allow air to enter the lungs. It then relaxes to push air out of the lungs.
• The vocal cords are a muscle and make sound as air passes through them.
• Respiration provides oxygen to the muscles so they can work. All cells need oxygen to function.
Systems Work Together…
CIRCULATORY SYSTEMAKA Cardiovascular System
If you stretched out all of your blood vessels, they
would circle the world 2.5 times!!!
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• Structures:– Heart– Blood – Blood Vessels
~ veins, arteries, capillaries • Functions:
o Circulation – movement of blood throughout the body
o Mailman - blood delivers oxygen to cellso Trash man - picks up and eliminates
waste from the cells
Systems Work Together…4. Respiratory and Circulatory Systems • Red blood cells move
around the body providing oxygen to the other cells.
• Red blood cells also pick up and remove carbon dioxide and water that cells create as waste.
NERVOUS SYSTEM
What other human body system does this remind
you of?
What are the similarities and differences between the 2 pictures of
the systems?
No, that is NOT
an alien!!!
NERVOUS SYSTEM • Structures:– Brain– Spinal Cord– Nerves
• Functions:1. Send electrical
signals to all other systems of the body.
2. Transmit information from the environment to the brain.
You want your dendrites to grow!!!
Systems Work Together…5. Nervous and all the
other systems • The brain controls
voluntary and involuntary muscle movement through electrical signals.• Voluntary – walking,
swimming, reading• Involuntary – breathing,
digesting, heart beat
• The signals are delivered through the spinal cord and nerves to tell the rest of the body what to do.