Human Alphabets 1

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• Letters have a mysterious and cabalistic quality that has inspired artists through the ages. Calligraphers, painters, and engravers have never ceased to shape and decorate them, using them as a starting point for limitless dreams and fantasies. The illuminated initials of medieval manuscripts, ranging from Romanesque exuberance to Gothic excess, paved the way. There were not only Biblical scenes but also mythical beasts and human figures that were direct precursors of the zoomorphic and anthropomorphic alphabets of the Renaissance and later. With the invention of printing, the inventiveness of artists knew no bounds. Ornamented letters presented historical and mythical events, romantic landscapes, trees, flowers, buildings, clowns, devils, children, and every kind of animal. There was, indeed, no subject that could not be put to the service of the animated alphabet.

• http://calligraphyalphabets.bestselleritem.com/cheap-calligraphy-alphabets-the-animated-alphabet-world-design/

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Human Alphabets 1( 740 - 1542 )

• Figurative alphabet by Giovannino de' Grassi (c. 1390)• Berliner caps alphabet (c. 1400)• letter 'A' of an ornamental alphabet by Anonymous (c. 1480-1500)• Figure Alphabet by Master E.S. (c. 1465)• Grotesque Alphabet by unknown author (c. 1464)• Historiated initial 'H' from the Saint Petersburg Bede (c. 737- 746 )• Historiated initials 'D' from the Vespasian Psalter (c.750- 800)• Historiated initials 'I', 'T' from the Sacramentaire de Gellone (c. 780-800) • Historiated initials from the Corbie Psalter (c.801-900)• Historiated initials T, C, D, from the Sacramentary of Drogo (c. 845 – 855)• Historiated initial 'L' from the Évangiles de Drogon (c. 845 – 855)• Historiated initial T from the Sacramentary of Metz (c. 850 - 900)• Historiated initials from the Évangiles de Saint-Médard de Soissons (c. 801-900)• Historiated initials from the Bible de la Sauve-Majeure II (c. 999 – 1098)• Historiated initial 'R' from the Life of St Dunstan (c. 1076-1125)• Historiated initials H, L from the Bible d‘ Étienne Harding (c. 1109 – 1111)• Historiated initials from the Moralia in Job of Gregory the Great (c. 1111 - 1115)• Historiated initials from the Moralia in Job of Gregory the Great (c. 1101 - 1125)• Historiated initials from the Moralia in Job of Gregory the Great (c. 1143 - 1178)

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• Historiated initials from the St Albans Psalter (c. 1120 - 1145)• Historiated initial 'B' from the Shaftesbury Psalter (c. 1125-1150)• Historiated initials from the Biblia latina vulgatae versionis cum prologis (c. 1143-1178)• Historiated initials from the Hunterian Psalter (c. 1150 - 1170)• Historiated initial 'V' from The Lambeth Bible (c. 1150 - 1170)• Historiated initial 'P' by Johannes Monoculus (1164)• Historiated initial 'R', Jonah and the Whale (c. 1151 - 1175)• Historiated initials from Concordia evangelistarum (c. 1160-1170)• Historiated initials from the Winchester Bible (c. 1160 – 1175)• Historiated initials, from The Auct. Bible or St. Hugh’s Bible (c. 1160 - 1180)• Historiated Initial letter 'L' the Tree of Jesse by Arbre de Jessé (c. 1180)• Historiated initials B, L from the Bible of Saint Sulpice de Bourges (c. 1150 - 1200)• Historiated initials from the De Trinitate libri quindecim by St Augustine (c. 1178-1223)• Historiated initial 'B' from Psalter from the Royal libraries (c. 1190-1200)• Historiated initials from Codex Bruchsal (c. 1220)• Historiated initials 'L' and 'I' from The Bible of Robert de Bello (c. 1240- 53)• Historiated initials 'S', 'B', from the Carrow Psalter (c. 1250)• Historiated initials from the Psalter of Saint Louis (c. 1270-1274) • Historiated initials 'B', 'S' from The Rutland Psalter c. 1260• Historiated initials from the Windmill Psalter (c. 1270-1280)• Historiated initials from the Ormesby Psalter (1310)• Historiated Initial 'B' from the Peterborough Psalter (c. 1300-1318)• Historiated initials from the Macclesfield Psalter (1320-1330)

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• Illuminated initials from a Homilary (c. 1300 – 1350)• Historiated initials from the Hours of Jeanne d'Evreux (c. 1324-1328)• Historiated initial 'S' from the Poésies de Guillaume de Machaut (c. 1372-1377)• Illuminated initial letter ‘I’ from the Wenceslas Bible (c. 1389)• IIluminated initials F, S, C, S, V by Lorenzo Monaco (1395-1410)• Historiated initials from the Hours of Gian Galeazzo Visconti (c. 1390-1430)• Historiated initial B on a psalter leaf by Matteo Torelli (c. 1410)• Historiated initial D from a Gradual by Cristoforo Cortese (c. 1410-1420)• Illuminated Initials M, H, H, H from Van Alphen Hours, (c. 1450)• Historiated initial 'P' depicting Nativity (15th century)• Historiated initials from the Heures de Louis de Savoie (c. 1401-1500)• Historiated Initial 'B' from a Choir Psalter (c. 1444 - c. 1450)• Historiated initial ‘O’ the Coronation of the Virgin (c. 1440- c. 1460)• 17 historiated initials from the Hours of Charles of Angoulême (c. 1475-1500)• Historiated initials from 'The Natural History of Pliny the Elder' (c. 1481)• Historiated initial 'P' of David by Giuliano Amadei (c. 1484 – 1492)• Historiated initial 'D' from The Hours of Isabella d’Este (c. 1490) • Historiated initial R from choirbook by Attavante degli Attavanti (c. 1452- 1525) • Historiated initial R: The Resurrection by Antonio da Monza (c. 1480 - 1505)• Historiated and illuminated initial 'E' (c. 1500)• Illuminated initials 'D' from the Colonna missal (c. 1532)• Historiating initials from the Chansonnier de Zeghere van Male (1542)

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Figurative alphabet by Giovannino de' Grassi (c. 1390)

• Figurative alphabet c. 1390 by Giovannino de' Grassi (c. 1350 - 1398), Italian painter, sculptor, architect and miniaturist. Figurative alphabet (minuscule aplphabet made of human figures and animals, letters h,i,k,l,p,q and r).

Cassaf.1.21, Il Taccuino(Sketch book) di Giovannino de’ Grassi, fol.29 v. Biblioteca civica Angelo Mai, Bergamo.

• http://www.danielmitsui.com/hieronymus/index.blog?entry_id=1867520 • http://www.codicesillustres.com/catalogue/giovannino_de_grassi/

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The Berliner caps alphabet (c. 1400)

• Berliner Alphabet The Berliner caps alphabet (ca. 1400) contains fantastic creatures, and illustrates the war between good and evil.

• http://cg.scs.carleton.ca/~luc/MA-berliner_alphabet.jpg • http://luc.devroye.org/fonts-41891.html

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letter 'A' of an ornamental alphabet by Anonymous (c.1480-1500)

• Drawn by Anonymous. Young couple holding hands, grouped to form the letter 'A' of an ornamental alphabet, c.1480-1500.Pen and brown ink, over black chalk.

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=720859&partid=1&searchText=alphabet&numpages=10&orig=/research

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Figure Alphabet by Master E.S. (c.1465)

• A figurative alphabet around 1465 was engraved by the Master E.S. (c. 1420 – c. 1468), (previously known as the Master of 1466) an unidentified German engraver, goldsmith, and printmaker. Later owners of some of the prints misidentified them as the work of Martin Schongauer and added his M + S monogram to them. Copyright © The Trustees of the British Museum

• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_results.aspx?searchText=Figure+Alphabet

• http://www.danielmitsui.com/aaaaa/abcs.html• http://community.livejournal.com/art_links/1636835.html • http://www.flickr.com/photos/vaarwel/6771079817/sizes/l/

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Grotesque Alphabet 1464 by unknown author

• Grotesque Alphabet by unknown author 1464.The letter S is missing, and of A, T and V only fragments remain; each letter is surrounded by a border of three lines; the letters are formed of groups of figures; the letters A, B, H, N, and Q are partially coloured with vermilion. When complete, this alphabet consists of 23 letters (omitting J, U, and W) and one design of ornamental foliage. Woodcut

• Copyright © The Trustees of the British Museum

• http://marinni.livejournal.com/508492.html?thread=5724492 • http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=13

49441&partid=1&searchText=Grotesque+Alphabet&numpages=10&orig=/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx&currentPage=1

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Historiated initial 'H' from the Saint Petersburg Bede (c. 737-746)

• The Saint Petersburg Bede or the Leningrad Bede, is an early surviving illuminated manuscript (c. 737-746) of Bede's (c. 672 - 735) the Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (Ecclesiastical History of the English People). Although not heavily illuminated, it is famous for containing the earliest historiated initial (one containing a picture) in European illumination.

• Historiated initial H[IS temporibus, id est anno dominicae] from the opening of Book 2 of Bede, contains a bust portrait of a haloed figure carrying a cross and a book. This is probably intended to be St. Gregory the Great, although later has identified as the figure of St. Augustine of Canterbury.

• Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, Lat. Q. v. I. 18, copy of 746 in Saint Petersburg, National Library of Russia.

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Bede • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Leningrad_bede.jpg • http://club.quomodo.com/plumeetlumiere/uploads/images/208/120311_193827.jpg

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Historiated initials 'D' from theVespasian Psalter (c. 750 - 800)

• The Vespasian Psalter is an Anglo-Saxon illuminated Psalter produced in the second or third quarter of the 8th century. It contains an interlinear gloss in Old English which is the oldest extant English translation of any portion of the Bible. Parchment ff.160, 240 × 190 mm.

Cotton Vespasian A I, British Library, London. • Folio 30v, David with musicians.• Folio 31, Psalm 26:1, historiated initial D[(omi)n(u)s illuminatio mea].• Folio 53r, Psalm 52:1, historiated initial D[ixit insipiens in corde suo].

• http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=cotton_ms_vespasian_a_i_f001r

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Historiated initials 'I', 'T' from the Sacramentaire de Gellone (c. 780 - 800)

• Historiated initials 'I', 'T' from the Sacramentaire de Gellone, c.780-800. Although the origins of the manuscript are unclear, Deshusses suggests that it was

written either at Meaux or Cambrai around 790 for Bishop Hildoard of Cambrai. The sacramentary ended up at Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert, near Lodève, perhaps as one of the gifts Louis the Pious and Duke William of Toulouse presented to the monastery shortly after it was founded by William of Gelone in 804.

Sacramentarium gelasianum [Sacramentaire gélasien, dit de Gellone], MSS Latin 12048, 276 folios , 300 x 180 mm.

Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France.• Folio 1v, initial I[n nomine Domini nostri Iesu Christi. Incipit liber sacramentorum],

shows the Sancta Maria holding a cross.• Folio 143v, initial T[E IGITUR clementissime Pater], shows the crucified Christ

attended by two angels.

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b60000317/f10.image • http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b60000317/f10.image.r=Sacramentaire%20de%20Gellone%20.langEN• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b60000317/f294.image.r=Sacramentaire%20de%20Gellone%20.langEN • http://www.codex99.com/typography/50.html• http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sacr_Gellone_1v.jpg

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Historiated initials from the Corbie Psalter (c.801-900)

• Historiated initials from the Corbie Psalter, Corbie, France, early 9th century.Psautier, avec cantiques et litanies, MS 18C, 144 folios 275 × 168 mm.

Bibliothèques d’Amiens Métropole, France. Perhaps the first great draftsmen of the Middle Ages were the anonymous artists-scribes who produced this

psalter. The high degree of their skill and extraordinary creativity is apparent throughout in the decorated initials that adorn every psalm and canticle.

• Folio 1v, 2r, Psalm 1:1 initial B[eatus vir]• Folio 9v, Psalm 10:2, initial In D[omino confido; quomodo dicitis animae meae]• Folio 46r, Psalm 51:3, initial Q[uid gloriaris in malitia, qui potens es in iniquitate]• Folio 57r, Psalm 66:2, initial D[eus misereatur nostri, et benedicat nobis] • Folio 67r, Psalm 75:2, initial N[otus in Judaea Deus]• Folio 108r , Psalm 123:2, initial N[isi quia Dominus erat in nobis] • Folio 123v, Psalm 151, initial P[usillus eram inter fratres meos], David and Goliath.• Folio 133r, initial D[omine, audivi auditum tuum, et timui], Habacuc (Habakkuk) 3:1 • Folio 137r, initial N[Nunc dimittis servum tuum, Domine], Canticle of Simeon. • Folio 137v, initial T[e Deum laudamus te Dominum confitemur], Ambrosian Hymn. • Folio 138v, initial GLO[ria in excelsis Deo], Hymn. • http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8452190t/f10.image• http://blog.metmuseum.org/penandparchment/exhibition-images/01dr2_49d/ • http://blog.metmuseum.org/penandparchment/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/01dr2_49d.jpg • http://blog.metmuseum.org/penandparchment/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/e03r2_49k.jpg • http://blog.metmuseum.org/penandparchment/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/01ar2_49d.jpg • http://blog.metmuseum.org/penandparchment/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/e02r2_49k.jpg

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Historiated initials 'T', 'C', 'D', from the Drogo Sacramentary (c. 845 - 855)

• Historiated initials T, C, D , c. 845-855 from the Sacramentary of Drogo bishop of Metz (801 – 855), also known as Dreux or Drogon. Masterpiece of illumination done at Metz, the manuscript is illustrated with 38 stories of the Life of Christ, both liturgical and hagiographical scenes, which are unparalleled for its era. The ivories sculpted on the binding reflect the subjects painted in the text. The manuscript contains 130 leaves.

Sacramentaire dit de Drogon, Ms. Lat. 9428, Paris, Bibliotheque Nationale  de France.• Folios 15v-16r, initial T[E IGITUR clementissime].• Folio 58r, initial D[eus, qui hodierna die, per Unigenitum tuum]. • Folio 71v, initial C[oncede, quaesumus, omnipotens Deus].• Folio 78r, initial D[eus qui hodierna die corda fidelium sancti spiritus illustratione docuisti]. • http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b60000332/f40.image.r=Le%20Sacramentaire%20de%20Drogon.langEN • http://expositions.bnf.fr/livres/drogon/index.htm • http://library.ucf.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/lovefaithmyth/faith2.htm • http://library.ucf.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/lovefaithmyth/faith4.htm• http://das-faksimile.com/userfiles/image/galerie/113FestlicheJahr%20008.jpg • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Enluminure_Drogon_c.jpg• http://www.lescahiersliturgiques.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Easter-Sunday.jpg • http://www.oberlin.edu/images/Art310/16053.JPG • http://jessehurlbut.net/wp/mssart/?p=982

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Historiated initial 'L' from the Évangiles de Drogon (c. 845 – 855)

• Evangelia quattuor [Évangiles dits de Drogon], c. 845 – 855, folios 198. MS Latin 9388, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris. • Folio 17v, historiated initial L[iber generationis] from the Evangelium

secundum Mattheum.

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55001425m/f40.item.r=Sacramentaire

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Historiated initial 'T' from the Sacramentary of Metz (c.850-900)

• Ms. Lat. 1141, fol. 6v, Historiated initial T[E IGITUR clementissime Pater], from the Sacramentary of Metz, c. 869-870.

Sacramentarium [Sacramentaire de Charles le Chauve (?)] Ms. Lat. 1141,17 folios, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France.

This fragment is a jewel due to its rich ornamental and miniature decoration, a testimony to Late Carolingian illustration of the 9 th century. While the codex is a complete sacramentary which integrates the whole ecclesiastical year, it may be just the beginning of a manuscript that was never finished. It was made in the second half of the 9th century for a king, probably for Charles the Bald, king of an area then called Francia Occidentalis. The script is mainly executed in golden letters, and at the beginning the miniatures depict a portrait of Charles the Bald's coronation. The ornamental art around the text is particularly striking. 

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b53019391x/f22.item.r=Sacramentaire • http://www.library.arizona.edu/exhibits/illuman/9-10_01.html • http://www.library.arizona.edu/exhibits/illuman/images/full_resolution/9-10_01.jpg • http://library.nd.edu/medieval/facsimiles/litfacs/metz/6v-1H.html

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Historiated initials from the Évangiles de Saint-Médard de Soissons (c.801-900)

• Evangelia quattuor [Évangiles de Saint-Médard de Soissons], IX century. MS Latin 8850, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris.• Folio 82r, initial I[nitium Evangelii Jesu Christi, Filii Dei], « Incipit evangelium

secundum Marcum».• Folio 124r, historiated initials QUO[niam quidem multi conati sunt], « Incipit

evangelium secundum Lucam».• Folio 181r, initial I[n principio erat Verbum], « Incipit evangelium secundum

Iohannem».

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8452550p/f257.item• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8452550p/f173.item.r=%20Evangelia • http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8452550p/f371.item.r=%20Evangelia

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Historiated initials from the Bible de la Sauve-Majeure II (c. 999 – 1098)

• Biblia, cum S. Hieronymi prologis, Bible de la Sauve-Majeure II, c. 999 – 1098. Ms 0001-2, Bibliothèque de Bordeaux, France. Parchment 231 ff. 545 x 180 mm • Fol. 152r, Isaiah 1:1, initial V[isio Isaie] • Fol. 168v, Jeremiah 1:1, initial V[erba Hieremiae]• Fol. 207r, initial D[aniele Propheta]• Fol. 207v, Daniel 1:1, initial A[nno tertio regni Ioakim regis Iuda]• Fol. 240v, Micah 1:1, initial V[erbum Domini quod factum est ad Micham]• Fol. 240r, Jonah 1:1, initial E[t factum est verbum Domini]• Fol. 243r, Zephaniah 1:1, initial V[erbum Domini quod factum est ad Sofoniam] • Fol. 250v, Job 1:1, initial V[ir erat in terra Hus nomine Iob]• Fol. 260v, Psalm 1:1, initial B[eatus vir]• Fol. 260r, initial H[ieronimus Sofronio]• Fol. 300v, Ben Sira 1:1, initial M[ultorum nobis et magnorum per Legem et Prophetas]• Fol. 301r, Ben Sira 1:1, initial O[mnis sapientia a Deo Domino est]• Fol. 322r, Esther 1:1, initial I[n diebus Assueri]• http://manuscrits-drac.bnsa.aquitaine.fr/la-societe/se-vetir/composition-et-evolution-du-costume-civil.aspx• http://jessehurlbut.net/wp/mssart/?p=2086

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Historiated initial 'R' from the Life of St Dunstan (c.1076-1125)

• Epistola de vita S. Dunstani; Life of St Dunstan from England, S. E. (Canterbury), last quarter of the 11th century or 1st quarter of the 12th century.

Historiated initial R[egnante magnifico Anglorum rege Ethelstano] with a seated scribe labelled 'OSBEARNVS', a censing monk, animals, and animal heads.

Arundel 16,   f. 2, The British Library, London.

• http://prodigi.bl.uk/illcat/ILLUMIN.ASP?Size=mid&IllID=11236

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Historiated initials 'H', 'L' from the Bible d‘ Étienne Harding (c.1109 – 1111)

• Historiated Initials in the Illuminated Bible d‘ Étienne Harding , c. 1109 – 1111, from The Abbaye Notre-Dame, Cîteaux, France.

Dijon - BM - ms. 0015, Bibliothèque municipale de Dijon, France.• Folio 003v, initial H[ieronimus], St Jerome handing over his work to Pope

Saint Damasus. • Folio 011v, initial L[iber generationis], Angel of Saint Matthew. • http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/documentation/enlumine/fr/BM/dijon_036-01.htm

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Historiated initials from the Moralia in Job of Gregory the Great (c. 1111-1115)

• Historiated initials from a 12th-century (c.1111-1115) manuscript of Moralia in Job by Pope Gregory the Great (590-604), from The Abbaye Notre-Dame, Cîteaux, France. Dijon - BM - ms. 0168, 169, Bibliothèque Municipale de Dijon, France.

• Dijon - BM - ms. 0168 F. 002, initial V[ir erat in terra Hus, nomine Job], Bûcheronnage.

• Dijon - BM - ms. 0168 F. 004v, initial R[everendissimo], Chevalier et serviteur combattant un hybride zoomorphe.

• Dijon - BM - ms. 0168 F. 052v, initial Q[ui textum], Homme attaquant un hybride zoomorphe.

• Dijon - BM - ms. 0169 F. 005, initial S[ervata historiae], Jongleurs.• Dijon - BM - ms. 0169 F. 036v, initial P[raecedenti], Hommes et lions.• Dijon - BM - ms. 0169 F. 088v, initial Q[uoties in arenae], Dieu, Job et Behemoth.

• http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/documentation/enlumine/fr/BM/dijon_124-01.htm• http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/documentation/enlumine/fr/BM/dijon_125-01.htm• http://erinzingre.blogspot.com/2010/11/visc-202-homework.html • http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_LB2YzsLB1eU/TOy5KxaSphI/AAAAAAAAANo/Q_CshhfKg7E/s1600/illuminated13.jpg • http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/646/flashcards/1039646/png/initialrmoralia1324175535942.png

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Historiated initials from the Moralia in Job of Gregory the Great (c. 1101-1125)

• Historiated initials from a 12th-century (1st quarter) manuscript of Moralia in Job by Pope Gregory the Great (590-604), from The Abbaye Notre-Dame, Cîteaux, France. Dijon - BM - ms. 0173, Bibliothèque Municipale de Dijon, France.

• F. 007, initial P[lerumque in sacro eloquio], Hommes et animaux combattant.• F. 020, initial Q[uid mirum], Cavalier attaquant un hybride zoomorphe.• F. 029, initial Q[uamvis omnem], Homme attaquant un hybride zoomorphe. • F. 041, initial I[ntellectus sacri eloquii], Abattage d'arbre.• F. 047, initial Q[uod a me], Cavalier désarçonné. • F. 066, initial H[Eliu vim], Jongleurs. • F. 103v, initial P[ost damna], Hybrides anthropomorphes et zoomorphes combattant. • F. 111v, initial D[ominus Deus noster], Homme luttant contre un lion et un dragon.• F. 122, initial S[ancti viri quo apud], Homme luttant contre des hybrides zoomorphes. • F. 148, initial B[eatus Job], Battage. • F. 156, initial A[ntiquo hosti], Homme et hybrides zoomorphes.

• http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/documentation/enlumine/fr/BM/dijon_129-01.htm

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Historiated initials from the Moralia in Job of Gregory the Great (c.1143-1178)

• The Book of Job by Gregory the Great (Gregorius M., Moralia in Job) in four volumes (c.1143-1178).

Cod. 20 - Cod. 24, Stiftsbibliothek, Engelberg, Switzerland.• Cod. 20, fol. 006r, initial I[nter multos saepe quaeritur]• Cod. 21, fol. 006r, initial Q[uamvis in prolixo opere esse] • Cod. 21, fol. 044r, initial S[uperiori huius]• Cod. 23, fol. 003r, initial P[ost damna rerum]

• http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/searchresult/list/one/bke/0020• http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/searchresult/list/one/bke/0021• http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/searchresult/list/one/bke/0023

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Historiated initials from the St Albans Psalter (c.1120-1145)

• Historiated Initials from the beginning of psalms in the  St Albans Psalter. The St Albans Psalter(or the Albani Psalter, or the Psalter of Christina of Markyate), is an

English illuminated manuscript, created in the 12th century at or for St Albans Abbey. It is one of the most important examples of English Romanesque book with almost unprecedented lavishness of decoration.

• p.72,73, Psalm 1:1, initial B[EATUS VIR], The blessed psalmist David.• p.109, Psalm 21:2, initial D[(eu)s, D(eu)s m(eu)s]. • p.115, Psalm 24:1, initial A[Ad te, D(omi)ne].`• p.285, Psalm 105:1, initial C[onfitemini D(omi)no].• p.324, Psalm 118:105, initial L[ucerna]. • p.350, Psalm 136, initial S[uper flumina].• p.396, initial P[ATER N(OSTE)R]. • p.414, Initials C[TIONES], A[ DOMO TUA], E[CCLESI(A)E TUAE] collect 6,7,8.• Initials H[OSTIUM], A[NIMABUS] und D[EUS QUI ES], collect 9,10,11 Köln, Museum Schnütgen, M694,

recto.• http://www.abdn.ac.uk/stalbanspsalter/english/commentary/page072.shtml• http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albani-Psalter • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:St._Albans_Psalter?uselang=de • http://www.br-faksimile.de/Albani_2.jpg • http://blackgradsdavis.com/index.php?option=com_awiki&view=mediawiki&article=Psalter?qsrc=3044 • http://rpmedia.ask.com/ts?u=/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Albani-Psalter_Initialen.jpg/530px-Albani-Psalter_Initialen.jpg • http://www.abdn.ac.uk/stalbanspsalter/english/translation/trans072.shtml • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Psalm_136_Initial_S.jpg • http://www.images.bistum-hildesheim.de/1/10/4/48544106065556458341.jpg • http://www.abdn.ac.uk/stalbanspsalter/english/translation/trans414.shtml • http://www.abdn.ac.uk/stalbanspsalter/english/translation/transkolnrecto.shtml

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Historiated initials from the Biblia latina vulgatae versionis cum prologis (c. 1143-1178)

• Biblia latina vulgatae versionis cum prologis c. 1143-1178 Cod. 4, Stiftsbibliothek, Engelberg, Switzerland. Parchment · 213 ff. · 38.0 x 28.0 cm• fol. 048r, Proverbs 1:1, initial P[arabolae Salomonis filii David regis Israhel].• fol. 134v, Book of Tobit 1:1, initial T[obias ex tribu et civitate Nephthali].• fol. 150v, Esther 1:1, initial I[n diebus Assueri].

• http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/fr/searchresult/list/one/bke/0004

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Historiated initial 'B' from the Shaftesbury Psalter (c. 1125-1150)

• Psalter (the 'Shaftesbury Psalter') with calendar and prayers, England, 2nd quarter of the 12th century.

• f. 15v, psalm 1:1, detail of historiated initial 'B'[eatus] of David holding a book with standing men behind him, and below, musicians and a devil.

Ms Lansdowne 383, The British Library, London, United Kingdom.

• http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/ILLUMIN.ASP?Size=mid&IllID=11332 

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Historiated initials from the Hunterian Psalter (c.1150 - 1170)

• The Hunterian Psalter (or York Psalter), an illuminated manuscript which was produced in England c.1150 - c.1170 is considered a striking example of Romanesque book art.

Special Collections Department, Library, University of Glasgow , MS Hunter U.3.2 (229). • Folio 21v, full page miniature depicting David tuning his harp• Folio 22r, full page historiated initial B[eatus vir]• Folio 75r, Psalm 51:3, historiated initial Q[uid gloriaris], Doeg whispers to Saul while David

threatens his enemies with Goliath's sword. • Folio 84r, Psalm 62:2, a lion inhabits the initial D[eus, Deus meus] . Atop, a nude and a

dragon. • Folio 85v, Psalm 64:2, historiated initial T[e decet hymnus], a figure in blue robes positioned

in a Christ-like pose.• Folio 94r, Psalm 71:2, historiated initial D[eus], depicting a nimbed woman suckling two men;

Mother Church(?). • Folio 101r, Psalm 77:1, historiated initial A[ttendite], depicting a centaur spearing a man.• Folio 125v, Psalm 97:1, inhabited initial C[antate Domino], nude figures and grotesques in a

twisted pattern. • Folio 128r, Psalm 101:2, inhabited initial D[omine], nude figure and grotesques; a dragon

spits black venom. • http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/exhibns/psalter/psalterindex.html • http://www.flickr.com/photos/uofglibrary/sets/72157623552158440/ • http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/exhibns/psalter/psalterindex.html • http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/exhibns/month/may2007.html

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Historiated initial 'V' from the Lambeth Bible (c.1150-1170)

• Historiated initial V[isio Ysaie], Isaiah being sawn in two -Lambeth Palace Library MS3 f.198v .

• The Lambeth Bible, a giant illuminated Bible of the mid-twelfth century, is one of the finest examples in this country of Romanesque book illustration and one of the greatest treasures of Lambeth Palace Library, where it has been since 1610. The second volume of the Bible, separated from it during the sixteenth century and only identified in 1924, is now at Maidstone Museum.

• MS3, Lambeth Palace Library, London.

• http://lambethpalacelibrary.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/lpt_ms3_f198v.jpg

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Historiated initial 'P' by Johannes Monoculus (1164)

• Folio 1r, historiated initial 'P'[aulus, servus Jesu Christi ] from the beginning of the Epistle to the Romans, by the scribe Johannes Monoculus. Contains a commentary by Florus on the Epistles of St. Paul. Date: 1164. Once was in the Corbie monastery.

MS Lat. 11575, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France.

• http://www.biblical-data.org/LATIN_Resources/LATIN_MSS_Images.html • http://www.biblical-data.org/LATIN_Resources/Paris_11575.jpg

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Historiated initial  'R' , Jonah and the Whale (c.1150-1175)

• Historiated initial R[esurrexi, et adhuc tecum sum, alleluia] , Jonah and the Whale, Lambach, Austria, third quarter of 12th century.27.6 x 18.6 cm.

W.33, The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.

• http://blog.metmuseum.org/penandparchment/exhibition-images/cat261r2_49c/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/medmss/sets/72157626257103829/with/5572340550/

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Historiated initials from Concordia evangelistarum (1160-1170)

• The manuscript Zacharias Chrysopolitanus / Concordia evangelistarum, is the masterpiece of an unknown monk of the Abbey of Saint-Bertin c.1160-1170 which is called the "Master of Zechariah Besançon" according to the author of texts this collection.

Ms 0030, Bibliothèque d’agglomération de Saint-Omer, France.• Folio 047r initial D[e excellentia evangelii ] • Folio 054r, initial M[atthaeus cognomento Levi]• Folio 56v, 57 r, John 1:1, initial I[n principio erat Verbum]• Folio 106r, Matthew 11:20, initial T[unc cepit exprobrare civitatibus]• Folio 131r, Matthew 13:13, initial V[enit autem Jesus] • Folio 137v, Luke 15:1, initial A[it autem: Homo quidam habuit duos filios]

• Zacharie le Chysopolitain, Sur la concordance des évangiles• http://tools.yoolib.com/Yviewer/index.php?user=bmsaintomer&filemedia_id=18937&menu_left_visible=1&menu_le

ft_type=thumbnail&current_image_id=96&dbk=1

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Historiated initials from the Winchester Bible (c.1160–1175)

• The Winchester Bible is a Romanesque illuminated manuscript produced in Winchester c. 1160 - 1175. With 468 folios 583 x 396 mm., it is the largest surviving 12th-century English Bible.

Ms. 17, Winchester Cathedral Library, Winchester. • Fol. 069, Joshua 1:1, initial E[t factum est ut post mortem Mosi], God's charge to Joshua.• Fol.120v, Second Kings 1:1, initial P[raevaricatus] , the messengers of Elijah and Ahaziah.• Fol.148, Jeremiah 1:1, initial V[erba Hieremiae], God touches Jeremiah’s lips with the gift of

prophecy. • Fol.169, Lamentations 5:1, initial R[ecordare Domine],The prayer of Jeremiah. • Fol.172, Ezekiel 1:1, initial E[t factum est], the vision of Ezekiel of the tetramorph.• Fol.190, Daniel 1:1, initial A[nno tertio]• Daniel 5:1, initial B[altassar rex]• Hosea 1:1, initial V[erbum Domini], prophet Hosea preaching to the Israelites. • Initial Letter B[eatus Vir], Blessed is the Man. •  

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winchester_Bible• http://blog.fitnyc.edu/volumesandissues/files/2014/02/winchPwcloths.sml_.jpg• http://www.nmct.co.uk/case-studies/winchester-cathedral• http://www.davidscottwritings.com/CPStudyGuide6.html • http://www.davidscottwritings.com/Winchester%20Bible2.jpg • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Winchester_bible_-_02e_-_1150.jpg • http://images-mediawiki-sites.thefullwiki.org/11/2/7/7/90730753697150396.gif • http://freechristimages.org/prophets/Illuminated-Letter-E_Ezekiel.jpg• http://www.lib-art.com/imgpainting/5/1/14415-winchester-bible-english-miniaturist.jpg • http://imgc.allpostersimages.com/images/P-1200-1200-100/29/2947/V3MRD00Z/posters/initial-letter-b-beatus-vir-blessed-is-the-man-fro

m-the-winchester-bible-c-1150-80.jpg

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Historiated initials, from The Auct. Bible or St. Hugh’s Bible (c.1160 - c.1180)

• ‘The Auct. Bible’ or ‘St. Hugh’s Bible’, vol. I. Parchment 515 x 365 mm 12th century, middle and c. 1180 MS. Auct. E. inf. 1, Bodleian Library, University of Oxford.• Folio 214v, Jeremiah 1:1, initials [I]EREMIE PROFETE, [V]ERBA IEREMIE FILII

[H]ELCHIE, with entangled man, and winged fantastic animals. By ‘the Brilliant Pupil’.• Folio 264v, Daniel 1:1, initial [A]NNO TERTIO JOAKIM REGIS JUDA, formed by lion

and dragon biting each other’s necks. Negotiating tendrils and legs, a small entangled man carrying axe and spear. Designed by the Entangled Figures Master, painted perhaps by his ‘Brilliant Pupil’ .

• Folio 281r, Obadiah 1:1, initial [V]ISIO ABDIAE, formed by blue tendril and elongated entangled man.; he wears a garment painted in damp-fold style. By the Entangled Figures Master.

• Folio 304r, Job 1:1, initial [V]IR ERAT IN TERRA HUS NOMINE IOB, Body of letter formed by hybrid human-headed bearded creature. By the Entangled Figures Master.

• http://bodley30.bodley.ox.ac.uk:8180/luna/servlet/view/all/what/MS.+Auct.+E.+inf.+1

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Historiated initial letter 'L' the Tree of Jesse by Arbre de Jessé (c.1180)

• Historiated initial L[iber generationis], adorned with a "Tree of Jesse“ from the Capuchin's bible by Arbre de Jessé ca 1150-1200.

BNF Latin 16746, fol-7v, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris.

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b85144288/f23.item.r=BNF%20Latin%2016746 • http://www.flickr.com/photos/28433765@N07/5740712284/in/photostream/

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Historiated initials 'B', 'L' from the Bible of Saint Sulpice de Bourges (c.1150-

1200)• Bible of Saint Sulpice de Bourges, France, c. 1150-1200. MS 3, Bibliotheque Municipale de Bourges, France.• fol. 255, Psalm 1:1, historiated initial B[eatus vir], David playing the harp and

musicians.• fol. 308v, Historiated initial L[iber], Matthew, trampling a dragon.

• http://www.lessing-photo.com/dispimg.asp?i=32010354+&cr=1&cl=1• http://www.lessing-photo.com/p3/320103/32010354.jpg • http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/enlumine_fr?ACTION=CHERCHER&FIELD_1=REF&VALUE_1=D-008044

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Historiated initials from the De Trinitate libri quindecim by St Augustine (c.1178-1223)

• De Trinitate libri quindecim, praemissa epistola ad Aurelium by St Augustine (c.1178-1223).

Cod. 14, Stiftsbibliothek, Engelberg, Switzerland.• f. 037v, Liber III, 1:1, initial C[redant qui volunt]. • f. 050r, Liber IV, 1:1, initial S[cientiam terrestrium caelestiumque].• f. 068v, Liber V, 1:1, initial H[inc iam exordiens].• f. 077r, Liber VΙ, 1:1, initial (a)E[qualitatem patris et filii et spiritus sancti].• f. 093r, Liber VΙΙΙ, 1:1, initial D[iximus alibi ea].• f. 134r, Liber VIII 1:1, initial I[n libro superiore].• f. 162r, Liber XV, 1:1, initial V[olentes in rebus].

• http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/searchresult/list/one/bke/0014

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Initial 'B' from Psalter from the Royal libraries (c.1190-1200)

• Historiated initial B[eatous vir], f.030v in a psalter from Royal libraries, which produced in Northern England c. 1190-1200. Parchment, 185 ff., 245x177 mm.

Kalendarium - Psalterium cum Canticis, Symbolo Athanasii, Litaniis ms. BPL 76 , Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands. • http://www.mmdc.nl/static/media/1/107/UBL_BPL_76A.jpg• https://socrates.leidenuniv.nl/view/action/nmets.do?DOCCHOICE=879128.xml&dvs=1379246321169~540&locale=en_US&search_terms=bpl+76&img

_size=best_fit&adjacency=N&VIEWER_URL=/view/action/nmets.do?&DELIVERY_RULE_ID=1&usePid1=true&usePid2=true

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Historiated initials from the Codex Bruchsal 1 (c.1220)

• Evangelistar von Speyer, um 1220. parchment 77 Bl. 33,2 x 25,3 cm. Codex Bruchsal 1, Badische Landesbibliothek, Karlsruhe, Germany.• Bl. 01v., Christ in vesica shape surrounded by the "animal" symbols of the

four evangelists.• Bl. 06r, Luke 2:1, Historiated initial E[xiit edictum].• Bl. 31r, The crucification.• Bl. 68r, Matthew 5:3, Historiated initial V[idens].

• http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/1217321• http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/1217321• http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/1217330• http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/1217380• http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/1217454 • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Evangelistar_von_Speyer • http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&search=Codex+Bruchsal&button= • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Codex_Bruchsal_1_68r.jpg • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Codex_Bruchsal_1_31r.jpg • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Codex_Bruchsal_1_01v.jpg • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Codex_Bruchsal_1_01v_cropped.jpg • http://www.blb-karlsruhe.de/presse_download/bilder-1.php#bruchsal

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illuminated historiated initials 'L' and 'I' from the Bible of Robert de Bello (c. 1240 - c.1253)

• Illuminated historiated initials 'L‘ and ‘I‘, [L](iber) ge(ne)sis. [I]n principio creavit D(eu)s caelum et terram, Genesis 1:1. Shows the nine orders of angels; in the seven large roundels are the Fall of the Rebel Angels and the Creation, and the Trinity enthroned; and in the six smaller roundels are scenes of Adam and Eve, Noah's Ark, the Tower of Babel, and the Sacrifice of Isaac at the beginning of Genesis. 

Bible with prologues, without Psalms ('The Bible of Robert de Bello') England, S. E. (Canterbury?) (c. 1240 - c.1253)

Burney 3   f. 5v, The British Library London.

• http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/ILLUMIN.ASP?Size=big&IllID=3242 • http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=8789&CollID=18&NStart=3• http://prodigi.bl.uk/illcat/results.asp

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Historiated initials 'S', 'B', from the Carrow Psalter (c.1250)

• The Carrow Psalter manuscript was made in East Anglia in the mid-thirteenth-century for a patron with special veneration for St. Olaf, whose life and martyrdom is prominently portrayed in the "Beatus" initial of Psalm 1. Known as the "Carrow Psalter," due to its later use by the nunnery of Carrow near Norwich.

Walters Manuscript W.34, The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.• Folio 042r, Psalm 1:1, historiated initial "B“[eatus vir], Story of St. Olaf. • Folio 131r, Psalm 68:2, historiated initial "S“[alvum me fac], Sailors throw

Jonah overboard/Jonah in mouth of whale.

• http://www.thedigitalwalters.org/Data/WaltersManuscripts/html/W34/description.html • http://www.flickr.com/photos/medmss/6979159895/in/pool-678065@N22%7Cmedmss

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Historiated initials from the Psalter of Saint Louis (c.1270-1274)

• Historiated initials from the Psalter of Saint Louis, an illuminated psalter created for the saint King Louis IX of France c.1270-1274.

Psautier dit de saint Louis, MS Latin 10525, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France.• F. 085v, Psalm 1:1, initial B[eatus vir], David et Bethsabée ; David priant• F. 141v, Psalm 52:1, initial D[ixit insipiens in cordo suo], David priant ; deux hommes

luttant • F. 156v, Psalm 68:2, initial S[alvum me fac Deus],  David priant ; David dans les

eaux. • F. 175r, Psalm 80:1, initial E[xultate Deo adjutari nostro], David priant ; musicien. • F. 210r, Psalm 109:1, initial D[ixit Dominus domino meo], David priant ; la Trinité.

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8447877n/f184.image • http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8447877n/f296.item.r=Psautier • http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8447877n/f326.item.r=Psautier

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Historiated initials 'B', ' S' from the Rutland Psalter c.1260

• The Rutland Psalter produced in England (London?), c. 1260, folios 190, 285 x 205 mm.

• Folio 8v, Psalm 1:1, historiated initial ‘B’(eatus vir ) of King David harping, and the Judgement of Solomon, amidst men in combat astride lions and dragons, with roundels containing scenes from Creation.

• Folio 68v, Psalm 68:2, historiated initial ‘S’(alvum me fac ) of Christ holding a host, above Jonah being thrown from a boat to the whale below.

• Add MS 62925 , The British Library, London.

• http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/digitisedmanuscripts/2013/05/marginali-yeah-the-fantastical-creatures-of-the-rutland-psalter.html• http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=add_ms_62925_fs001r • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/zoom.php?id=734 • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/images/004180.jpg

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Historiated initials from the Windmill Psalter (c.1270-80) 

• Historiated initials B, E from the Windmill Psalter, East Anglia, England, late 13th century (c. 1270-80).

Ms. M 102, Pierpont Morgan Library, New York.• Folio 1v, Psalm 1:1, initial B[eatus vir qui no abiit] with Tree of Jesse &

Creation.• Folio 2r, Psalm 1:1, initial ‘E' (bEatus) with Judgement of Solomon. Above

Solomon is the windmill from which the psalter takes its name.

• http://erinzingre.blogspot.com/2010/11/visc-202-homework.html • http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_LB2YzsLB1eU/TOy5KsJY7UI/AAAAAAAAANg/fpUV4nDHpdc/s1600/illuminated03.jpg• http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/721/flashcards/437721/png/windmill_psalter1305093272080.png• http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/389/flashcards/866637/png/untitled8.png

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Historiated initials from the Ormesby Psalter (c.1300-1310)

• The Ormesby Psalter, Manuscript Douce 366, produced in East Anglia between c.1300-c.1310. The manuscript has folios 214, 39.4 x 27.9 cm and a number (11 pages) of beautiful historiated initial letters.

MS. Douce 366, Bodleian Library, University of Oxford, Oxford. • Fol. 072r, Psalm 52:1, historiated initial D[ixit insipiens ] with Temptation of

Christ represented in three scenes.  • Fol. 089r, Psalm 68:2, historiated initial S[alvum me fac Deus]. Jonah and

the whale. • Fol. 147v, Psalm 109:1, historiated initial D[ixit Dominus] : God the Father

and Christ enthroned.

• http://www.biblical-data.org/LATIN_Resources/LATIN_MSS_Images.html • http://www.biblical-data.org/LATIN_Resources/Douce_366.jpg • http://www.lib-art.com/imgpainting/3/4/14443-ormesby-psalter-english-miniaturist.jpg • http://bodley30.bodley.ox.ac.uk:8180/luna/servlet/view/search?q=Ormesby%20Psalter&os=50

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Historiated initial 'B' from the Peterborough Psalter (c.1300-1318)

• In the initial B[eatus vir], King David is shown playing the harp, accompanied by two other musicians, a dog and a heron, opening of Psalm 1 from the Peterborough Psalter (c.1300-1318) now in Brussels.  

Ms 9961-9962, Peterborough Psalter, Bibliotheque Royale, Brussels.

• http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/zoom.php?id=105 • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/images/PETERBO2.jpg • http://armourinart.com/mm/media/cache/original/1056-5_large.jpg

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Historiated initials from the Macclesfield Psalter (1320-1330)

• Historiated initials from Macclesfield Psalter (c.1320-30), probably from Gorleston, Norfolk, England.

• Psalm 26:1, historiated initial D[ominus illuminatio] depicts the annointing of a beardless boy king David by Samuel with dramatic, energetic gestures.

• Psalm 52:1, historiated initial D[ixit insipiens] depicts King David in seemingly startled posture.

• Psalm 97:1, historiated initial C[antate Domino] depicts the Annunciation to the Shepherds.

• Psalm 109:1, historiated initial D[ixit Dominus] depicting God the Father and Christ, enthroned together.

• Psalm 114:9, historiated initial P[lacebo Domino] encloses a deathbed scene against a gold background.

• http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/zoom.php?id=637 • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/images/MaccPsalterimage4.jpg • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/zoom.php?id=642 • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/images/MaccPsalterimage7.jpg• http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/zoom.php?id=651 • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/images/MaccPsalterimage17.jpg • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/zoom.php?id=653 • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/images/MaccPsalterimage19.jpg• http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/zoom.php?id=659 • http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/images/MaccPsalterimage25.jpg

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illuminated initials from a Homilary (c.1300 – 1350)

• This richly illuminated fourteenth-century German homilary is particularly interesting for its rare bifolium of drawings bound in at the front of the book. The headgear worn by the nuns in the drawings is characteristic of Cistercensian and Premostratensian nuns in northern Germany as early as circa 1320.

• Walters Manuscript W.148.• Folio 21r, full-page illumination, historiated initial D[icendum nobis est quod vel

quibus], Harrowing of Hell.• Folio 46r, historiated initial H[ec est dies quam fecit dominus], The Resurrection.• Folio 61r, historiated initial P[onunt mensam discipuli, panes cibos], The Supper at

Emmaus..• Folio 63r, historiated initial E[xultandum nobis est fratres in hac die quam fecit

dominus], The Nativity.• Fol. 98v, historiated initial H[ec est dies quam fecit] with Christ in Majesty.

• http://www.thedigitalwalters.org/Data/WaltersManuscripts/html/W148/ • http://www.thedigitalwalters.org/Data/WaltersManuscripts/html/W148/description.html • http://www.flickr.com/photos/medmss/9415763305/

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Historiated initials from the Hours of Jeanne d'Evreux (c. 1324-1328)

• The Hours of Jeanne d'Evreux is an illuminated book of hours in the Gothic style witch created c.1324 -1328 by Jean Pucelle (active in Paris, c. 1320 -1334) for Jeanne d'Evreux, the third wife of Charles IV of France.

The 209 folios of The Hours of Jeanne d'Evreux include 25 full-page paintings with paired images from the Infancy and Passion of Christ and scenes of the life of Saint Louis. 

Grisaille and tempera on vellum (8.9 x 6.2 cm). The Cloisters Collection, 1954 (54.1.2), Metropolitan Museum, New-York .• Folio 15v–16r, Psalm 50:17, initial D[omine labia mea aperies], The Betrayal of Christ

and The Annunciation. • Folio 54v-55r, Psalm 69:2, initial D[eus in adjutorium], The Flagellation and the

Nativity. • Folio 68v–69r, Psalm 69:2, initial D[eus in adjutorium], The Crucifixion and The

Adoration of the Magi.

• http://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/arth/images/arth_214images/manuscripts/jeanne_d_evreux/matins.jpg• http://medievalimago.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/ck23771.jpg• http://www.metmuseum.org/collections/search-the-collections/470309?img=10

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Historiated initial 'S' from the Poésies de Guillaume de Machaut (c. 1372-1377)

• Poésies de Guillaume de Machaut, published c. 1372-1377 in Paris. Guillaume de Machaut (c. 1300 –1377), was a medieval French poet and composer.• Fol. 454, historiated initial S’ [amours ne fait par sa grace adoucir]. Ms Français 1584, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris, France.

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84490444/f929/

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Illuminated initial letter ‘I’ Genesisfrom the Wenceslas Bible (c. 1389)

• The Wenceslas Bible which produced c. 1389 for the King Wenceslaus IV. The manuscript, written in german, consists of six volumes, 1176 folios of parchment 53 cm x 36.5 cm.

• Folio 2v, Genesis 1:1, Illuminated initial letter ‘I’ [m anfang schuf gott himmel und erde (?)].

• Ms Codex Vindobonensis 2759-2764, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna, Austria.

• https://gospelrenegades.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/in-beginning-wenceslas-14th.jpg• http://freechristimages.org/images_illuminated/Initial_Letter_L_of_Genesis_Wenceslas_Bible_Illuminated_1389.jpg • http://www.wga.hu/html_m/zgothic/miniatur/1351-400/3other/14_1351.html

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Historiated initial 'B' on a psalter leaf by Matteo Torelli (c.1410)

• Historiated initial B on a psalter leaf, on vellum (c.1410, Italy, Florence) by Matteo Torelli (Maestro del Codice Squarcialupi) (1365-1442) . The miniature illustrates the opening of the first psalm: Beatus vir qui non abiit in consilio... Initial and text are surrounded by rich foliate borders with animals and two nuns.

• Parchment 394 x 284 mm, miniature 160 x 170 mm.

• http://www.haughton.com/international-fairs/13/exhibits/259 • http://www.haughton.com/system/photo/2010/08/08/259/david_torelli_florenz_c1410.jpg

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Historiated initial 'D' from a Gradualby Cristoforo Cortese (c. 1410-1420)

• Historiated initial D from a Gradual (c.1410 -c. 1420) by the Italian illuminator Cristoforo Cortese ( fl. Venice, c. 1399-before 1445)

The initial introduced the Introit to the Mass on Palm Sunday, D[omine ne longe facias auxilium tuum a me].

230 x 165 mm, The Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England.

• http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/explorer/index.php?qu=Category:illuminated*&oid=176544

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Illuminated Initials M, H, H, H from the Van Alphen Hours, (c.1450)

• The Van Alphen Hours illuminated manuscript, was made for a female patron, possibly pictured on fol. 109r, in the mid fifteenth century. This Dutch Book of Hours, originally richly illuminated by the workshop of the Master of Catherine of Cleves, the manuscript now lacks all of its full-page miniatures, although the eight surviving historiated initials speak to its original grandeur. Its rebinding in the seventeenth century resulted in the loss of several folios and the reordering of many of the texts.

Walters Manuscript W.782, Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.• Folio 015r, initial H[ere du salste opdoen mine lippen] with the Apocalyptic Virgin and

Child. • Folio 109r, initial H[ere ihu xpe leuende godes] with the Man of Sorrows, with praying

Donatrix. • Folio 113r, initial H[ere in dijnre verbolghenheit] with Souls cast into Hellmouth. • Folio 200r, initial M[i hebben omme beuanghen] with two souls kneeling in prayer in

Purgatory. • http://www.thedigitalwalters.org/Data/WaltersManuscripts/html/W782/description.html • http://www.flickr.com/photos/medmss/8162041654/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/medmss/with/8162034892/

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Historiated initial 'P' depicting Nativity (15th century)

• Ms 1171 fol.9 Historiated initial 'P‘[uer natus est nobis] depicting Nativity, from a gradual and antiphon (vellum), Italian School, (15th century). Bibliotheque Municipale, Douai, France / Giraudon / The Bridgeman Art Library.

• http://privatelibrary.typepad.com/the_private_library/2010/10/initial-letters-and-the-private-library.html • http://www.easyart.com/canvas-prints/Italian-School/Historiated-initial-'P'-depicting-the-Nativity-from-a-gradual-

and-antiphon-305723.html?utm_campaign=mydeco&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=mydeco&utm_term=305723

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IIluminated initials F, S, C, S, V by Lorenzo Monaco (1395-1410)

• IIluminated initials F, S, C, S, V from the Antiphonaries (choir books) of Santa Maria degli Angeli, Cod. Cor. 1, 5, 7, 8 and 13, by the Italian painter Lorenzo Monaco (c. 1370 - c. 1425)

Tempera and gold on parchment• St John the Baptist in an initial F (1395-98) - (Cod. Cor. 8, folio 102) , (215 x 163 mm (initial)

Staatliche Museen, Berlin.• Christ Giving the Keys to St Peter in an initial S (1395-98) - (Cod. Cor. 8, folio 134), (344 x 414 mm ) National Gallery of Art, Washington. • The Last Judgment in an initial C (1406) - Antiphonary (Cod. Cor. 7, folio 124v), (315 x 265 mm) Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.• King David in an initial S (1396) - Antiphonary (Cod. Cor. 1, folio 63), (223 x 204 mm) Staatliche

Museen, Berlin. • The Ascension in an initial V (c. 1410) - Antiphonary (Cod. Cor. 3, folio 59), (402 x 327 mm)

Bernard H. Breslauer, New York.

• http://www.wga.hu/html_m/l/lorenzo/monaco/3/54monaco.html• http://www.wga.hu/html_m/l/lorenzo/monaco/3/55monaco.html• http://www.wga.hu/html_m/l/lorenzo/monaco/3/56monaco.html• http://www.wga.hu/html_m/l/lorenzo/monaco/3/51monaco.html• http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/l/lorenzo/monaco/3/58monaco.html

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Historiated initials from the Hours of Gian Galeazzo Visconti (c.1390-1430)

• The Hours of Giangaleazzo Visconti is a Roman-liturgy illuminated Book of Hours that was commissioned by the ruler of Milan, Gian Galeazzo Visconti, in Italy in the late 14th century. A Book of Hours is a personal prayer book that contained, in part, the Hours of the Virgin, a daily devotional that was popular at the time. This particular Book of Hours was created by two master illuminators, beginning with Giovannino dei Grassi before his death, and completed by Belbello da Pavia.

Biblioteca Nazionale in Florence.• Psalm 69:2, Initial D[eus in adjutorium meum intende], Creation of Heaven and

Earth.• Psalm 69:2, Initial D[eus in adjutorium meum intende], God Holding the Earth. • Psalm 44:2, Initial E[ructavit cor meum verbum bonum], God, Adam, Eve, and the

Serpent.• Psalm 68:2,  initial S[alvum me fac, Deus], God - King David.• Psalm 143:1, initial B[enedictus Dominus Deus meus], David and Goliath.

• http://www.etsy.com/listing/43098214/illuminated-manuscript-page-bible

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Historiated initials from the Heures de Louis de Savoie (c. 1401-1500)

• Heures de Louis de Savoie c. 1401-1500. 204 ff. , 285 × 195 mm Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris, France.• fol. 123v, Iob 14:1, initial H[omo natus de muliere].• fol. 124v, Iob 14:13, initial Q[uis mihi hoc tribuat].• fol. 129v, Iob 17:1, initial S[piritus meus adtenuabitur].

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105326055/f270.planchecontact.r=• http://jessehurlbut.net/wp/mssart/?p=7232

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Historiated Initial 'B' from a Choir Psalter (c. 1444 - c. 1450)

• Historiated Initial 'B‘ from a Choir Psalter with Hymnal Master of the Budapest Antiphoner from Lombardy Italy c. 1444 -c. 1450 .

David kneeling penitent before God and St Francis surrounded by angels personifying Poverty, Obedience and Charity.

Marlay cutting It. 17 © The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, UK.

• http://www-img.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/img/msspb/msspb3/Marlay%20Cutting%20It.%2017.jpg• http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/explorer/index.php?qu=Category:illuminated*&oid=176541

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Historiated initial ‘O’ the Coronation of the Virgin (c.1440- c. 1460)

• Historiated initial ‘O’ of the Coronation of the Virgin in colours and gold, monochrome choir of angels, medallions inhabited with saints, from North Italy (Lombardy) at the 2nd quarter of the 15th century, by the Master of the Franciscan Breviary (active in Lombardy and Emilia 1440 - c. 1460).

Cutting from a Missal, 44.4 x 41.0 cm. Additional 60630, ff. 11 and 12, The British Library, London.

• http://booksnbuildings.tumblr.com/post/42758394083/f-featherbrain-additional-60630-ff-11-and-12 • http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=18970&CollID=27&NStart=60630

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17 historiated initials from the Hours of Charles of Angoulême, c. 1475-1500

• Horae ad usum Parisiensem (Hours of Charles of Angoulême), Cognac France ca. 1475-1500, by the French  illuminator and painter Robinet Testard (fl. 1470–1531). Parchemt 115 ff. - 215 × 155 mm.

Folio 52r, 17 historiated initials AVE MARIA GRACIA PLE[NA]. Latin 1173, Bibliothèque nationale de France,Paris.

• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8432895r/f113.item• http://www.midorisnyder.com/the_labyrinth/2014/01/life-in-letters-a-calligrahpers-narrative.html• http://discardingimages.tumblr.com/image/72587135220• http://discardingimages.tumblr.com/post/72587135220/full-of-grace-hours-of-charles-of-angouleme

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Historiated initials from 'The Natural History of Pliny the Elder' (c.1481)

• Historiated initials ‘A', ‘D', ‘L', ‘N', from Naturalis historia (The Natural History) of Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD) (vellum). Artist: Italian School, (15th century). Artist Nationality: Italian. Date: C15th. Medium: vellum. Location: Biblioteca Marciana, Venice, Italy

• C. Plinii secundi naturalis historiae liber secundus .

• http://abundancesecrets.com/motivational-posters/index.php?item=1342672

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Historiated initial 'P' of David by Giuliano Amadei (c. 1484 – 1492)

• Historiated initial 'P‘[uer natus est], introducing the introit to the third Mass for Christmas Day, of David and the prophet Isaiah in the margin seated, an anthropomorphic female figure, peacocks, putti, garlands, flowers and cornucopiae, produced c. 1484 - c. 1492 in Italy, Central (Rome). 

Attributed to Giuliano Amadei (docum. in Florence 1446, d. in Lucca 1496). Cutting from service books of Pope Innocent VIII, 105 x 140 mm. Additional 21412, ff. 4, 45-65, The British Library, London.

•http://prodigi.bl.uk/illcat/ILLUMIN.ASP?Size=mid&IllID=36491

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Historiated initial 'D' from The Hours of Isabella d’Este (c.1490)

• The Hours of Isabella d’Este, Use of Rome, in Latin, illuminated manuscript on vellum, Florence Italy, c.1490.

• Psalm 50:17, initial D[omine labia mea].

• http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2012/western-manuscripts-minatures-l12241/lot.23.html

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Historiated initial R from choirbook by Attavante degli Attavanti (1452- 1525)

• Resurrrection of Christ.  Historiated initial R from choirbook illuminated by the Italian painter Attavante degli Attavanti (1452-ca. 1525) (© photo Mends)

• http://ateliermends.blogspirit.com/archive/2011/week17/index.html

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Historiated initial R: The Resurrection by Antonio da Monza (c. 1480 - 1505)

• Historiated initial R[esurrexi et adhuc tecum sum, alleluia] : The Resurrection from a gradual (late 15th or early 16th century) by the Italian illuminator  Antonio da Monza (active c. 1480 - 1505).

Tempera colors and gold leaf on parchment  64 x 43.5 cm. MS. LUDWIG VI 3, FOL. 16, The J. Paul Getty Museum.

• http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Antonio_da_Monza_(Italian,_active_about_1480_-_1505)_-_Initial_R-_The_Resurrection_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg

• http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artObjectDetails?artobj=3455

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Historiated and illuminated initial 'E' (c. 1500)

• Historiated and illuminated initial 'E', exists as a fragment from a choirbook, 200 x 178 mm, was probably produced in Italy in about 1500, enclosing eight popes and bishops.

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/2594330545/sizes/o/in/photostream/ • http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2008/06/plethora.html • http://www.sothebys.com/content/dam/stb/lots/L08/L08240/L08240-5-lr-1.jpg• http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2008/western-oriental-manuscripts-l08240/lot.5.html

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Illuminated initials 'D' from the Colonna missal (c.1532)

• The Colonna Missal was made ca. 1532 for the Cardinal Pompeo Colonna (1479 -1532) and is now in the John Rylands University Library in Manchester.  Latin MS 32, 370 mm x 260 mm .

Attributed to Giorgio Giulio Clovio or Juraj Julije Klović (1498 – 1578) an illuminator, miniaturist, and painter born in Kingdom of Croatia, who was mostly active in Renaissance Italy.

• Folio 001r, decorated initial D formed with genii and woman growing out of conventional foliage and St John the Baptist in the central oval. Text on the top : Dominica tertia de ad\uentu statio ad sanctum | Petrum. Introitus, Below this the text. Gaudete in domino semper.

• Folio 079r, historiated initial D {toDe uentre ntatris mee uocmiit me) formed with Hercules holding up Antaeus and the many-breasted Ephesian Artemis and Zacharius in the central oval. Text on the top: In natiuitate sancti io/annis baptiste.

• http://enriqueta.man.ac.uk:8180/luna/servlet/view/search?QuickSearchA=QuickSearchA&q=Colonna+Missal+Latin+MS+32&sort=Reference_Number%2CPage%2CCurrent_Repository&search=Search

• http://en.academic.ru/pictures/enwiki/71/Giulio_Clovio_001.jpg • http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/249171#cite_ref-17

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Historiating initials from the Chansonnier de Zeghere van Male (1542)

• Chansonnier de Zeghere van Male, Bruges 1542. Mss. 0125 - 0128 (old 124), Bibliothèque Municipale de Cambrai, France.• The ‘Songbook of Zeghere van Male’ is undeniably one of the most intriguing Western-European music

manuscripts due to both its content and its formal appearance. The four bulky partbooks contain over 1200 pages, all of which are provided with one or more illuminations or miniatures of extraordinary quality. The 229 compositions, often in an exceptional (local) reading, offer an overview of the most important genres of the first half of the 16th century.

• The French chanson, the mass and the Latin motet are best represented, though the songbook also includes some Italian madrigals and several Dutch polyphonic songs and works for instrumental ensemble. The composers are situated both internationally (Josquin, Mouton, Willaert, Sermisy) and more regionally (De Hondt, Hellinck). As the place and year of its origin ( Bruges , 1542) as well as its owner (Zeghere van Male, a prominent tradesman and chronicler) are known, this manuscript is a truly unique period document.

• ms. 0126, B f. 132v, initial A[ve Regina Caelorum, Ave Domina Angelorum].• ms. 0127, A f. 004v, initial A[ve sanctissima Maria].• ms. 0125, B f. 027v, initial A[gnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi].• ms. 0125, B f. 027v, initial A[gnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi].• ms. 0127, B f. 023r, initial A[gnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi].• ms. 0127, B f. 033r, initial A[gnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi].• ms. 0125, B f. 022v, initial B[enedictus qui venit in nomine Domini].• ms. 0126, B f. 019v, initial C[hriste eleison].

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• ms. 0125, B f. 049v, initial E[t in terra pax hominibus bonae voluntatis].• ms. 0125, B f. 058v, initial E[t in terra pax hominibus bonae voluntatis].• ms. 0125, B f. 083v, initial E[t incarnatus est de Spiritu Sancto].• ms. 0126, B f. 076v, initial E[t resurrexit tertia die secundum Scripturas].• ms. 0128, B f. 060v, initial E[t resurrexit tertia die secundum Scripturas].• ms. 0125, B f. 039r, initial H[aec est generatio quaerentium eum].• ms. 0128, B f. 039r, initial H[aec est generatio quaerentium eum].• ms. 0125, B f. 048v, initial K[yrie eleison].• ms. 0125, B f. 094r, initial K[yrie eleison].• ms. 0125, B f. 110r, initial K[yrie eleison].• ms. 0126, B f. 024r, initial K[yrie eleison].• ms. 0127, B f. 024r, initial K[yrie eleison].• ms. 0128, B f. 049r, initial K[yrie eleison].• ms. 0128, B f. 110r, initial K[yrie eleison].• ms. 0128, B f. 057r, initial L[ocutus est populi ad deus].• ms. 0127, B f. 064r, initial N[e timeas Zacharia exaudita est oratio tua]. • ms. 0125, B f. 032v, initial O[sanna in Exelsis].• ms. 0125, B f. 069v, initial O[sanna in Exelsis].• ms. 0127, B f. 032v, initial O[sanna in Exelsis].• ms. 0125, B f. 056v, initial P[anis quem ego dabo].• ms. 0125, B f. 033v, initial Q[uam pulchra es, Amica mea, columba mea, Formosa mea].• ms. 0127, B f. 033v, initial Q[uam pulchra es, Amica mea, columba mea, Formosa mea].• ms. 0126, B f. 036v, initial Q[uam pulchra et quam decora, carissima in deliciis] (Jean Mouton).• ms. 0128, B f. 122r, initial Q[ui lara lara la gentille brunette] (Benedictus Appenzeller).• ms. 0126, B f. 118r, initial S[ancta Trinitas unus Deus miserere nobis]. • http://bvmm.irht.cnrs.fr/consult/consult.php?reproductionId=9970• http://bvmm.irht.cnrs.fr/consult/consult.php?reproductionId=9971• http://bvmm.irht.cnrs.fr/consult/consult.php?reproductionId=9972• http://bvmm.irht.cnrs.fr/consult/consult.php?reproductionId=9973• http://alamirefoundation.org/en/research/partbooks-zeghere-van-male-study-content-form-and-meaning-extraordinary-music-manuscript-wi

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Human Alphabets 1( 740 - 1542 )

Sources• http://www.google.gr/imghp• http://gallica.bnf.fr/ • http://www.bl.uk/ • http://www.danielmitsui.com/hieronymus/index.blog?entry_id=1867520 • http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?

objectid=720859&partid=1&searchText=alphabet&numpages=10&orig=/research • http://www.codex99.com/typography/50.html • http://blog.metmuseum.org/penandparchment/exhibition-images/01dr2_49d/ • http://www.codex99.com/typography/50.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Bede • http://expositions.bnf.fr/carolingiens/livres_web/81/index.htm• http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albani-Psalter • http://www.biblical-data.org/LATIN_Resources/LATIN_MSS_Images.html • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Evangelistar_von_Speyer • http://www.haughton.com/international-fairs/13/exhibits/259 • http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artObjectDetails?artobj=3455 • http://www.abdn.ac.uk/stalbanspsalter/english/commentary/page072.shtml• http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/exhibns/month/may2007.html • http://bvmm.irht.cnrs.fr/consult/consult.php?reproductionId=9970

• All the copyrights belong to the original authors

presentation by sotos