Huawei RAN Feature & Parameter
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Transcript of Huawei RAN Feature & Parameter
Apr. 2006
Node B Products of Huawei
Huawei RANFeatures & Parameters
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 2
Packet Scheduling
Power Control
Load Control
Mobility
HSDPA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 3
Overview of Packet Scheduling
Purpose:– Scheduling the limited resources between NRT users– Optimize the utilization of system resources– Improve the throughput of the system
Methods:– RAB to RB mapping– Bit rate switching (DCCC, DCH only)
• TVM (Traffic Volume Measurement) based bit rate switching• Coverage based bit rate switching• Load based bit rate reduction
– RRC state switching– Packet scheduling of HSDPA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 4
RAB-to-RB Mapping
TVM based Bit Rate Switching
Coverage based Bit Rate Switching
RRC State Switching
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 5
Objective of RAB-to-RB Mapping
Objective:RB parameters configuration according to QoS of the requested RAB
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 6
RB Mapping Criteria and Contents
Criteria:UE capabilities complied
Efficiently make use of the limited radio resources
Guarantee QoS requirement
Contents:Channel type selection
RB parameter configuration
Interactive
Conversational
Streaming Mapping RB on DCH
RB on HS-DSCH
RB on CCHBackground
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 7
Channel Type Mapping
Domain Traffic Class Transport ChannelSignaling – DCH or CCH
CSConversational
DCHStreaming
PS
Conversational DCH
Streaming DCH or HS-DSCH
InteractiveDCH or CCH or HS-DSCH
Background
MML command Parameter name Parameter ID Default value
SET
UFRCCHLTYPEPARA
DL BE traffic DCH decision threshold
UL BE traffic DCH decision threshold
DlBeTraffDecThs
UlBeTraffDecThs
8 kbps
SET
UFRCCHLTYPEPARA
DL BE traffic threshold on HSDPA DlBeTraffThsOnHsdpa 64kbps
SET
UFRCCHLTYPEPARA
DL streaming threshold on HSDPA DlStrThsonHsdpa 64kbps
Main parameters:
Mapping principle:
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 8
RAB-to-RB mapping
TVM based Bit Rate Switching
Coverage based Bit Rate Switching
RRC State Switching
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 9
Traffic Volume Measurement (TVM)
Taffic Volume < Th
TVM 4B
THRESHOLD
Threshold
Time
Transport channeltraffic volume
Event 4b
Event 4b
Timer to Trigger
Taffic Volume > Th
TVM 4A THRESHOLD
Threshold
Time
Transport channeltraffic volume
Event 4a Event 4a
Pending time after triggered
ADD TYPRABDCCCMC
Traffic Volume: RLC Buffer Occupancy: the amount of data in number of bytes that is available for transmission and retransmission
Algorithm parameters:
TRAFFIC MEASUREMENT EVENT THRESHOLD•Indicates the threshold to trigger Event 4A/4B.•Default value: 1024/64 byte (4A/4B)
Timer to Trigger: •Indicates the period of time during which the event condition has to be satisfied, before sending a Measurement Report•Default value: 240/5000 ms (4A/4B)
Pending time after trigger: •Indicates the period of time during which it is forbidden to send any new measurement reports•Default value: 4000/4000 ms (4A/4B)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 10
Bit Rate Switching based on TVM Report (Uplink)
Uplink
Rate
Time
Uplink mid bitrate
Uplink bitrate threshold for DCCC
Event 4b
The highest rate
Allocated rate
Event 4b Event 4a Event 4a
Adjust level =3
Adjust level =2
Bit rate up-switchBit rate down-switch
Uplink Bit rate threshold for DCCC Range: 8 ~ 384kbps
Default value: 64 kbps
Uplink Rate adjust levelRange: 2 or 3
Default value: 2
SET DCCC
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 11
Bit Rate Switching based on TVM Report (Downlink)
Downlink
Downlink Bit rate threshold for DCCC Range: 8 ~ 384kbps
Default value: 64 kbps
Downlink Rate adjust levelRange: 2 or 3
Default value: 2
SET DCCC
Adjust level =3
Adjust level =2
Maximum bit rate
Bit rate up-switchBit rate down-switch
Rate
Time
Downlink mid bitrate threshold
Downlink bitrate threshold for DCCC
Event 4b
The highest rate
Allocated rate
Event 4a Event 4aEvent 4b
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 12
Summary: TVM based Bit Rate Switching
Improve the utilization of:• Base station transmission Power
• Channelization codes
• Iub transmission resources Rate
Traffic Volume
with bit bit rate switching
without bit rate switchingTime
Source Rate
Dynamic Channel Configuration
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 13
RAB-to-RB mapping
TVM based Bit Rate Switching
Coverage based Bit Rate Switching
RRC State Switching
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 14
Coverage based Bit Rate Switching
Object:- Avoid call drop due to power limitation
- Guarantee QoS perceived by user
Indicator of Coverage:- Downlink Transmitted Code Power
- RLC data retransmission
data of 144kbpsdata of 384kbps
voicedata of 64 kbps
BS基站BS
distance
transmit rate
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 15
Transmitted Code Power Measurement
Event Ea relative threshold
Event E reporting period
Event Eb relative threshold
EVENT E HYSTERESIS TIME
Event F reporting power margin
EVENT F HYSTERESIS TIME
Event F reporting period
SET UDCCC
Power T1=Measurement Hysteresis Time
MeasurementThreshold 1
MeasurementThreshold 2
T1
T1
T1
Ea Eb EaPeriodicreports
Time
PowerT1= Measurement Hysteresis Time
MeasurementThreshold 2
MeasurementThreshold 1
T1
T1T1
Fa Fb FaPeriodicreports
Time Note: Absolute threshold of Event E= maximum DL Power - comparative threshold + PO3
Measurement:- Event Triggered (Ea/Eb/Fa/Fb)
- Periodic reported after Ea is triggered
Algorithm parameters:
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 16
RLC Retransmission Monitor
Event A threshold
RE-TX monitor period
RE-TX MEASURE FILTER COEF
EVENT A TIME TO TRIGGER
EVENT A PENDING TIME AFTER TRIGGER
ADD TYPRABRLC
Time-to-trigger Perding time after triggerTime-to-trigger
Event A threshold
Time
Reporting event A
RLC Retransmission rate
Measurement:- RLC PDU retransmission rate is calculated through ACK and NACK feedback - Event A triggered when the retransmission number > threshold- Reported from Layer 2 to Layer 3 within RNC
RLC_RETRANS_MEASURE_SWITCH
SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
Algorithm parameters:
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 17
Bit Rate Switching based on Coverage
Rate
Time
Event Eaand Event A
Allocated rate
Event Eaand Event A
Downlink mid bitrate threshold
Downlink BE guarantee bitrate
The highest rate
If RLC retransmission measurement is switched on:
- Rate down switching is performed only when both Event Ea AND Event A are fulfilled
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 18
RAB-to-RB mapping
TVM based Bit Rate Switching
Coverage based Bit Rate Switching
RRC State Switching
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 19
DCCC - Channel Transition
Channel Transition
URA_PCHCELL_DCH
CELL_FACH CELL_PCH
Event 4b/Timer Event 4a
Event 4b/Timer
Cell reselection Timer/COUNTER
Paging/Data
Paging/Data
Traffic Volume Report from UE, Event 4a and Event 4b- Event 4a: Traffic volume is above a threshold -> High active- Event 4b: Traffic volumes is below a threshold during a configurable time -> Low activeCell re-selection: - If number of cell reselections exceeds pre-define counters within the cell reselection timer, the UE is considered to be in the state of frequent cell reselectionPaging/Data: - There is data to be transferred
UE activity
SET UESTATETRANSBE DCH to FACH to PCH 4B thdBE DCH to FACH 4B time to triggerBE DCH to FACH 4B Pending TimeDCH to FACH transition timerBE FACH TO DCH 4A threshold
FACH to PCH 4B time to triggerFACH to PCH 4B Pending TimeFACH to PCH transition timer
CELL RESELECTION TIMERCELL RESELECTION COUNTER
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 20
Summary - Packet Scheduling
Channel Transition
CELL-DCH to/from CELL-FACH
CELL-FACH to/from CELL-PCH
CELL-PCH to/from URA-PCH
Rate Switching
Downlink rate up-switch
Downlink rate down-switch
Uplink rate up-switch
Uplink rate down-switch
UE downlink activity (TVM)
Downlink Quality
UE uplink activity (TVM)
UE activity (TVM)
TriggerAction
• Optimize available resources for Best Effort Service• Allocation resources dynamically to increase resource utilisation• Prevent from call drop for users with high data rate service on the cell boarder
UE activity (Cell Reselection)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 21
Packet Scheduling - Parameters Structure
RNC
RadioClass
GlobalParaClass CellClass
TYPRABBASIC.Class
TYPRABDCCCMC.Class
TYPRABRLC.Class
DCCC.Class
CELLDCCC.ClassUESTATETRANS.Class
RAB&SRBClass
DCCC strategy
Uplink bitrate threshold for DCCC
Uplink mid bite rate calculate method
Uplink mid bitrate threshold
Uplink Rate adjust level
Downlink bitrate threshold for DCCC
Downlink mid bite rate calculate method
Downlink mid bitrate threshold
Downlink BE guarantee bitrate
Event F hysteresis time
Reporting period unit for event F
Event F reporting period[ms]
Event F reporting period[min]
Event Ea relative threshold
Event Eb relative threshold
Event E hysteresis time
Reporting period unit for event E
Event E reporting period[ms]
Event E reporting period[min]
GlobalParaClassUESTATETRANS.Class DCCC.Class
DCH to FACH transition timer
BE HS-DSCH to FACH transition timer
Realtime Traff DCH to FACH transition timer
FACH to PCH transition timer
Cell reselection timer
Cell reselection counter
BE FACH to DCH 4A threshold
BE FACH to HS-DSCH 4A threshold
Realtime Traff DCH to FACH 4B threshold
Downlink Rate adjust level
CellClass
CELLDCCC.Class
Downlink BE guarantee bitrate
Event F hysteresis time
Reporting period unit for event F
Event F reporting period[ms]
Event F reporting period[min]
Event E hysteresis time
Reporting period unit for event E
Event E reporting period[ms]
Event E reporting period[min]
Direction
Traffic Measurement Event 4B threshold
Traffic Measurement Event 4A threshold
Time to trigger 4B
Time to trigger 4A
Pending time after trigger 4B
Pending time after trigger 4A
4B measurement report monitor time
re-TX monitor period
re-TX measure filter coef
Event A threshold
Event A time to trigger
Event A pending time after trigger
RAB&SRBClass
TYPRABBASIC.ClassTYPRABDCCCMC.Class TYPRABRLC.Class
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 22
Packet Scheduling
Power Control
Load Control
Mobility
HSDPA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 23
Power Control Overview
Open-loop Power ControlUL Open-loop Power Control
DL Open-loop Power Control
UL Inner-loop Power Control
DL Inner-loop Power Control
Action
Inner-loop Power Control
Outer-loop Power Control
Downlink Power Balance
Make a rough estimation of path loss by means of a downlink signal, and then to provide a coarse initial power setting
Fast closed-loop power control to control the transmit power according to the RX SIR of the peer end, to compensate the fading of radio links
UL Outer-loop Power Control
DL Outer-loop Power Control
Maintain the communication quality at the level required by the service bearer through adjustment of the SIR target
Reduce the power drift between links during the soft handover
Purpose
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 24
Open Loop Power Control
Inner Loop Power Control
Outer Loop Power Control
Downlink Power Balancing
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 25
Open Loop Power Control
Objective For each UE, before accessing the network, and for each base station when
RL is set up, estimate the initial UL / DL transmit power based on the downlink path loss calculation
Content Uplink Open Loop Power Control for PARCH Uplink Open Loop Power Control for UL DPCCH Downlink Open Loop Power Control for DL DPCCH
Node BUE
PRACH
BCH: CPICH channel power UL interference level
DCHDCH
CPICH Ec/Io
RACH measurement report
Node BUE
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 26
Uplink Open-loop Power Control on PRACH
BCH :•CPICH channel power• UL interference level
•Measure CPICH_RSCP•Determine the initial transmitted power
RACHPower increase step
Max preamble retransmission
PRACHUUPARAS.Class
PRACHBASIC.Class
Constant value for calculating initial TX power
Preambles Message
Control Part
Data Part
Power offsetPower increase step
AICH ACK
Max allowed UE UL TX
power
Pini
Max preamble loop
Random back-off lower limit
Random back-off upper limit
RACH.Clsass
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 27
Uplink Open-loop Power Control on DPCCH
DPCCH Power Offset
CPICH RSCP
Node BUE
DPDCHNo data on DPDCH
PC Preamble SRB Delay
DPCCH_Initial_Power = DPCCH_Power_Offset - CPICH_RSCP
Various power differences between DPDCH and DPCCH are defined through gain factors, called βc for DPCCH and βd for DPDCH
DPCCH_Power_Offset = PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER + UL interference + CONSTANT VALUE CONFIGURED BY DEFAULT
Reference BetaC
Reference BetaD
TYPSRBBASIC.Class
TYPSRB.Class
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 28
Open Loop Power Control
Inner Loop Power Control
Outer Loop Power Control
Downlink Power Balancing
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 29
Uplink Inner-loop Power Control
TPCSIR estimation andcompare with SIR target
SIR target
NodeB
1500 Hz
UE
Power control algorithm selection-- ALGORITHM1, ALGORITHM2
UL closed loop power control step size
-- 1 or 2 dB
UL Inner-loop Power Control
Power control algorithm selection
UL closed loop power control step size
FRC.Class
PCA1: UE adjusts uplink transmit power for each slot; the step of PCA1 should be 1dB or 2dB by UL CLOSED LOOP POWER CONTROL STEP SIZE parameter.
PCA2: The UE adjusts the uplink transmit power for each 5-slot cycle and the step is 1 dB fixedly.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 30
Downlink Inner-loop Power Control
TPCSIR estimation andcompare with SIR target
SIR target
NodeB
1500 Hz
UE
DL Inner-loop Power Control
DL power control mode
FRC.Class
FDD DL power control step size
DPC_MODE = 0The UE sends a unique TPC command in each slot and the TPC command generated is transmitted in the first available TPC field in the uplink DPCCH.
DPC_MODE = 1The UE repeats the same TPC command over 3 slots and the new TPC command is transmitted such that there is a new command at the beginning of the frame .
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 31
Open Loop Power Control
Inner Loop Power Control
Outer Loop Power Control
Downlink Power Balancing
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 32
Outer-loop Power Control
Node B UE
Sent TPC command
SIR measurement and comparing
Inner-loop
SIR target setting
BLER measurement
Outer-loop
RNC
Comparing
BLERtarget setting
Objective:• Keep the quality of communication at the
required level by setting the SIR target for the fast power control BLER target value
SIR adjustment step
Maximum SIR increase step
Maximum SIR decrease step
Maximum SIR target
Minimum SIR target
TYPSRBOLPC.Class
TYPRABOLPC.Class
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 33
Mechanism of OLPCN
N2N1N: TTI number of SIR adjustment period N1 : TTI number of non DTX periodN2 : TTI number of DTX periodN = N1 + N2
■ Mechanism:- Single RAB
> OLPC based on BLER> OLPC based on DPCCH BER (N1=0, N2≠0)
- Multiple RABs> SIR target decrease only when all TrCHs request to decrease its SIRtar
» If any one of the services requires to increase the SIR target, the maximum value is used for the adjustment.
» If all the services require to reduce the SIR target, the minimum value is used for the adjustment.> Signaling DCH is involved in OLPC> Guarantee QoS of all TrCHs
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 34
Open Loop Power Control
Inner Loop Power Control
Outer Loop Power Control
Downlink Power Balancing
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 35
Downlink Power Balance
SRNC
Node B
UE
Pref = (RATIO FOR MAX POWER) / 100 * (Pmax-Pcpich) + (1- RATIO FOR MAX POWER / 100) * (Pmin - Pcpich)
DPB.Class
DPB measurement report period
DPB measurement filter coefficient
DPB triggering threshold
DPB stop threshold
Ratio for max power
DPB adjustment ratio
DPB adjustment period
Max DPB adjustment step
After starting power balancing, the RNC calculates the UE DL reference power Pref and sends the Pref to the NodeB by the DOWNLINK POWER CONTROL REQUEST message
Objective: To reduce the power drift between links of different NodeB.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 36
Packet Scheduling
Power Control
Load Control
Mobility
HSDPA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 37
Overview
Intelligent Admission Control
Intelligent Congestion Control
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 38
Load Control exists in all phases
Load Control is used to keep system stable, maximize system capacity while ensuring the coverage and QoS.
Different load control algorithms according to different phases provided:- Before UE access: Potential User Control (PUC)- During UE access: Call Admission Check (CAC) and Intelligent Access Control (IAC)- After UE access: Load Reshuffling (LDR), and Overload Control (OLC)
3. After UE access2. During UE access1. Before UE access
Time
• LDRCACPUC• OLC
•• IAC
PUC: Potential User Control CAC: Call Admission ControlIAC: Intelligent Admission Control LDR: Load ReshufflingOLC: Overload Control
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 39
Load Control for different load level
Load control isunneeded PUC starts: to enable UEs in idle mode to camp on cells with light load
CAC: to prevent new calls into cells with heavy loadICAC: to increase the access success rate
LDR starts: to check and release basic congestion in cells
Tx powerUplink noise
Cell load (number of subscribers)
OLC starts: to reduce the cell load
Icons for different load levels
Overload congestion occurs
Basic congestion occurs
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 40
Priority Definition in Huawei Implementation
Priority Consideration
Conversational -> Streaming -> Interactive -> Background
Traffic Class
ARP ARP1 -> ARP2 -> ARP3 … -> ARP14
THP THP1 -> THP2 -> THP3 … -> THP14
RAB Integrate Priority Strategy: TC top-priority or ARP top-priority
-For the same TC and ARP
• For Interactive with the same ARP, priority is determined by THP.
-Indicator of Carrier Type Priority to control the priority between R99
and HSDPA.
Bear Type HS-DSCH or DCH
THP is provided in RAN6.0.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 41
Priority Definition - Example
RAB ID ARP Traffic Class THP Bear Type
A 1 Interactive 3 DCH
B 1 Interactive 3 HSDPA
C 2 Conversational DCH
D 2 Background DCH
E 2 Background HSDPA
F 2 Streaming DCH
Services with different ARP/TC/THP/Bear:
ARP is the top-priority, and HSDPA over DCH
TC is the top-priority, and HSDPA over DCH
RANK ARP Traffic Class THP Bear Type
B 1 Interactive 3 HSDPA
A 1 Interactive 3 DCH
C 2 Conversational DCH
F 2 Streaming DCH
E 2 Background HSDPA
D 2 Background DCH
RANK Traffic Class ARP THP Bear Type
C Conversational 2 DCH
F Streaming 2 DCH
B Interactive 1 3 HSDPA
A Interactive 1 3 DCH
E Background 2 HSDPA
D Background 2 DCH
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 42
Priority Definition in Huawei Implementation
User Priority
ARP 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
User Priority ERROR 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
User Integrate Priority:
- For multiple-RAB users, determined by the service with the highest
RAB Integrate Priority.
User Priority: ☺ Gold (1) ☺ Silver (2) ☺ Bronze (3)
Typical Mapping of “ARP” and “User Priority”
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 43
GBR Configuration in Huawei Implementation
– For R99 I/B services Uplink BE Guarantee Bitrate and Downlink BE Guarantee Bitrate are configurable
respectively per cell. Uplink BE Guarantee Bitrate is used in BE downsizing due to uplink cell basic
congestion. Downlink BE Guarantee Bitrate is used in BE downsizing due to downlink coverage and
downlink cell basic congestion.
– For R99 and HSDPA RT services GBR is in accordance with the requested guaranteed bit rate in RAB parameters.
– For HSDPA I/B services Different GBRs are configured for Gold/Silver/Copper user.
Gold Silver Copper
Uplink 64kbps 64kbps 64kbps
Downlink 64kbps 64kbps 64kbps
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 44
Scheduling Priority used in HSDPA
Traffic class ARP THP SPI
Streaming
1 14
2 13
3 12
Interactive
1 1 10
1 2 9
1 3~15 8
2 1 7
2 2 6
2 3~15 5
3 1 4
3 2 3
3 3~15 2
Background
1 8
2 5
3 2
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 45
Overview
Intelligent Admission Control
Intelligent Congestion Control
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 46
Overview
Resource Admission Check
Rate Negotiation
Pre-emption / Queuing
Direct Retry / Re-direction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 47
Intelligent Admission Control Overview
Preemption
Queuing
DRD
Admissionalgorithm
Succeeded
Failed
Failed or notsupported
Failed or notsupported
Service requestdenied
Service requestadmitted
Failed
Succ-eeded
Succ-eeded
Succ-eeded
FailedSucc-eeded
Failed
Succeeded Succeeded
RAB processing
RRC connection processing
Iu Qos Negotiationalgorithm switch
UE capability
RAB establishmentRAB modificationInbound relocation
Ratereconfigurationhard handover
Cell loadinformation list LIT
Scenario
LDM CRM Others
DCCC algorithm switch
Ratenegotiation
PS domain:maximum ratenegotiation
PS and CSdomains:initial ratenegotiation
PS domain BEservice:
target ratenegotiation
Load admission
Code resourceadmission
Iub resourceadmission
Credit resourceadmission
FailedRRC connectionrequest
Admissionalgorithm DRD Redirection
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 48
Resource Admission Check Overview
Affected users Users in connected mode
Procedure Make decision whether to admit
new users or service upgrade
according to the available system
resources.
Resources to
check
1. DL Channelization Code
2. Radio Resource: Power /
Interference
3. Credit: Resource
4. Iub transmission bandwidth
For
HSDPA/HSUPA
Maximum user number per Cell /
NodeB
Admission request
Code resource based admission?
Credit resource based admission?
Iub resourcebased admission?
Resource admission passed
Power resource based admission?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Resource admission denied
No
No
No
No
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 49
Overview
Resource Admission Check• Radio Resource• Code Resource• Iub Bandwidth• NodeB CE
Rate Negotiation
Pre-emption / Queuing
Direct Retry / Re-direction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 50
Admission Check of Radio Resource
UL and DL independently On the basis of TCP / RTWP On the basis of equivalent user number
Request initiation
Uplink calladmission desicion
Admitted?
Downlink calladmission desicion
Admitted?
Request admitted Request rejected
End
No
No
Yes
Yes
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 51
Admission Algorithm Selection
Algorithm 1: based on TCP/RTWP measurement and load increment estimation
Downlink:Load level definition: TCP (Transmitted Carrier Power)
Uplink: Load level definition: load factor
Load increment of the new request is taken into consideration.
Algorithm 2: based on static Equivalent Number of Users calculation
Standard user: 12.2kbps AMR with active factor 100%.
Algorithm 3: based on current TCP/RTWP measurement
Based on TCP/RTWP measurement;
Load increment of the new request is not taken into consideration
RTWPPN
UL 1
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 52
Uplink Admission Algorithm 1 & 3
)/( NoEcFun
Uplink admission control request
Get measured RTWP and calculatethe current uplink load factor.
Calculate the increment of theuplink load due to the request.
Get the predicted uplink loadfactor.
RTWPPN
UL 1
LUULpredictedUL ,
Compare the predicted value withadmission threshold
! Increment is always equal to ZERO when
algorithm 3 is applied
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 53
Downlink Admission Algorithm 1&3
)/_,/( NoEcCPICHNoEcFunP
Downlink admission control request
Get measured current TCP
Calculate the increment of thedownlink power due to the request.
Get the predicted downlink totalpower
Compare the predicted power withadmission threshold
TCP
PTCPP predicted
! Increment is always equal to ZERO when
algorithm 3 is applied
)()1()/_(/1
/)1(
1010
10 NPNECPICH
PNE
NENP
Nc
CPICH
Nc
Nc )(
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 54
UL & DL Admission Algorithm 2
Based on ENU (Equivalent Number of User s calculation) Standard user:
-12.2kbps AMR with activity factor 100%-EUN for standard user: 1
ENU for non standard user:-Uplink
-Downlink
dardsc
NcN NE
NEk
tan0
101
1
tan1N
/11
/11
Noc
dardsoc
NE
NEk
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 55
Priority Handling of Admission Check
Parameters Default value
UL Handover access threshold 80%UL threshold of Conv AMR service 75%
UL threshold of Conv non_AMR service 75%UL threshold of other services 60%
• Threshold for uplink radio resource admission check
Parameters Default value
DL Handover access threshold 85%DL threshold of Conv AMR service 80%
DL threshold of Conv non_AMR service 80%DL threshold of other services 75%
•Threshold for downlink radio resource admission check
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 56
Overview
Resource Admission Check• Radio Resource• Code Resource• Iub Bandwidth• NodeB CE
Rate Negotiation
Pre-emption / Queuing
Direct Retry / Re-direction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 57
Code Management Code management is used to manage the code resource between all the physical channels, including common channel (CCH) e.g. PCPICH and PCCPCH, dedicated channel (DPCH), and shared channel (HSDPA).
DPCHCCH
SF=16SF=8
SF=4
HSDPA
Code for DPCH:- Dynamically allocated
Code for common channel:- Reserved
Code for HSDPA:- Shared with R99 (Refer to HSDPA part)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 58
Code Allocation Mechanism
Reserve the codes with smallest SF to improve utilization rate of whole code tree.
On the basis of maximum free sub-tree
Less code fragments are left
SF=256SF=128 ┏ ━ ●C(256, 0): PCPI CH
┏ 0 ┫SF=64 ┃ ┗ ━ ●C(256, 1): PCCPCH
┏ 0 ┫┃ ┃ ┏ ━ ●C(256, 2): AI CH┃ ┗ 1 ┫
SF=32 ┃ ┗ ━ ●C(256, 3): PI CH┏ 0 ┫
SF=16 ┃ ┗ ━ ●C(64, 1): SCCPCH┏ 0 ┫┃ ┃ ┏ ━ ●C(128, 2): DPCH┃ ┃ ┏ ━ 2 ┫┃ ┃ ┃ ┃┃ ┗ 1 ┫ ┗ ━ ○ 3
SF=8 ┃ ┗ ━ ○3┏ 0 ┫
SF=4 ┃ ┗ ━ ○1┏ 0 ┫┃ ┗ ━ ○1┃┗ ━ ○1 ┏ ━ ○2┃ ● Occupi ed code┗ ━ ○3 ○ Non-occupi ed code
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 59
Overview
Resource Admission Check• Radio Resource• Code Resource• Iub Bandwidth• NodeB CE
Rate Negotiation
Pre-emption / Queuing
Direct Retry / Re-direction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 60
Admission Check of Iub Bandwidth
DPCH ServiceBandwidth consumption:
MBR * Active factor
HSDPA ServiceBandwidth consumption:
GBR * Active factor
Traffic Class Active Factor Scope
Common Channels 0.7
NodeB
SRB 0.5
Telephony (AMR&VOIP) 0.7
R99 Conversational (VP) 1
R99 Streaming 1
R99 Interactive 0.5
R99 Background 0.5
HSDPA Streaming 1
HSDPA Interactive 1
HSDPA Background 1
Configurable per service
type
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 61
Overview
Resource Admission Check• Radio Resource• Code Resource• Iub Bandwidth• NodeB CE
Rate Negotiation
Pre-emption / Queuing
Direct Retry / Re-direction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 62
Admission Check of NodeB Credit
Admission Check:Credits of local cell
Credits of local cell group
Credits of NodeB
Credit Consumption Law:
Reported from NodeB
In terms of SF
HSDPA is not involved
Traffic Class Direction SF Number of CEs
ConsumedCorresponding
Credits Consumed
3.4 kbps SRB
DL 256 1 1
UL 256 1 2
13.6 kbps SRB
DL 128 1 1
UL 64 1 2
12.2 kbps AMR
DL 128 1 1
UL 64 1 2
64 kbps VP
DL 32 2 2
UL 16 3 6
32 kbps PS
DL 64 1 1
UL 32 1.5 3
64 kbps PS
DL 32 2 2
UL 16 3 6
128 kbps PS
DL 16 4 4
UL 8 5 10
384 kbps PS
DL 8 8 8
UL 4 10 20
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 63
Overview
Resource Admission Check
Rate Negotiation
Pre-emption / Queuing
Direct Retry / Re-direction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 64
Rate Negotiation in IAC
•384kbps
•256kbps
•128kbps
•64kbps
•32kbps
UE capabilities• Physical layer capability• Transport channel capability• RLC capability
Maximum allowed bit rate
System load• Channelization codes • Iub transmission resources• Radio resources
Initial data rate / Target data rate
Scenarios: RAB setup , RAB modify, reconfiguration
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 65
Overview
Resource Admission Check
Rate Negotiation
Pre-emption / Queuing
Direct Retry / Re-direction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 66
Pre-emption and Queuing
Queuing
Weight based queuingPeriodically retry
Pre-emption
Low Priority
High Priority
Integrate Priority considered:- Traffic Class- Allocation/Retention Priority- Bear Type (R99/HSDPA)- THP (Traffic Handling Priority)
Priority basedPre-empt
Pqueue = Tmax – Telapsed
- Telapsed: the time which the service request has queued.
- Tmax: the maximum time which the service request can be
in the queue.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 67
Overview
Resource Admission Check
Rate Negotiation
Pre-emption / Queuing
Direct Retry / Re-direction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 68
RRC Direct Retry & Re-direction
1 RRC CONNECTION REQUEST2 RRC CONNECTION SETUP3 RRC CONNETION SETUP COMPLETE
RRC Connection Direct Retry
RRC DRD is used when UE initiates RRC CONNECTION REQUEST procedure
but is refused by the original cell.
RRC Connection Re-direction
RRC Redirection is used to indicate UE to reselect an inter-frequency or GSM
cell if RRC DRD failed.
Initially camping on cell 1
Freq2
Freq1
Cell2
Resource apply
1 2
RRC Direct Retry successfully on cell23
1 RRC CONNECTION REQUEST2 RRC CONNECTION REJECT(Redirection info )3’ Cell reselection: Inter-freq accessOr 3’’ Cell reselection: Inter-RAT access
Initially camping on cell 1
Freq2
Freq1
Cell2
Resource apply
1 2
RRC Re-Direct to Inter-Freq or inter-RAT cell3
Cell2 Inter-RAT Cell1Inter-Freq Cell1
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 69
RAB Direct Retry
RAB Direct Retry
RAB DRD is used when UE initiates RAB ASSIGNMENT procedure but is refused
by the original cell and may retry to other cells.
Inter-Freq Cell1
1 RAB Assignment (from CN)2 SRNS relocation (to CN)3 Handover from UTRAN 4 Handover Complete
Freq2
Freq1
Cell2
1
3
Inter-RAT Cell1
RNC CN
2
4
Cell2
1
2
RNC
3
1 RAB Assignment (from CN)2 RB SETUP (Freq1) 3 RB SETUP COMPLETE 4 RAB Assignment Resp
4
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 70
Parameters: Intelligent Admission Control
Rate Negotiation
1.PS maximum rate negotiation2.PS & CS initial rate negotiation3.PS target rate negotiation
Pre-emption 1.User priority based pre-emption for R992.RAB priority based pre-emption for HSDPA
Queue 1.RAB priority based queuing.
DRD Switch
DRD 1.RRC connection direct retry2.RRC connection redirection3.RAB direct retry
Max Queuing Time Length
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 71
Overview
Intelligent Admission Control
Intelligent Congestion Control
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 72
Overview
Load Reshuffling
Overload Control
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 73
State of Cell Load (Radio Resource)
Load
%
THOL
C
100%A
B
C
Overload Congestion• Trigger OLC (overload
control) to quickly decrease system load
• Make system stable
Normal
Time
Basic Congestion• Trigger LDR (load
reshuffling) to make room for more users to access system, especial for users with higher priority
• Avoid load congestion
THCAC
THLDR
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 74
Intelligent Congestion Control
Power ResourcesIub Transmission Resources
Service Quality Unchanged
Service Quality Downgraded
FastTFC
Control
Load Reshuffling (LDR)
Handover
IRATHO
IFHO
RAN-CNRenegotiation
ForPS
Streaming
Downsizing
BE rate reduction
AMRC
Overload Control (OLC)
PS
CS
Drop off calls
Call Drop
Drop PS
Drop CS
! Integrate priority is used in LDR and OLC.
! Load reshuffling for HSDPA is not available in RAN 5.1.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 75
Overview
Load Reshuffling
Overload Control
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 76
Triggers of LDR
Power Resource:Load level > LDR trigger threshold
Iub Bandwidth:Available Iub bandwidth < predefined threshold
MML command Parameter name Parameter ID Default valueADD/MOD UCELLLDM UL/DL LDR trigger threshold ULLDRTRIGTHD
DLLDRTRIGTHD55%70%
ADD/MOD TRMLOADTH
Forward congestion remain bandwidthBackward congestion remain bandwidth
FWDCONGBWBWDCONGBW
5%5%
No
Check the load of theserving periodically
Is the load higher thanbasic congestion trigger
threshold
Take congestionrelease measures
Yes
No
End load adjustment
Yes
Is the load lower thanbasic congestion release
threshold
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 77
Inter-Frequency Handover in LDR
Candidate target cell:“LDR trigger threshold in target cell – current load level in target cell” >
Predefined threshold in target cell
Candidate users:Users with the lowest Integrated PriorityBit rate smaller than the predefined maximum bandwidth
Action:Blind handover
Cell 1
Cell 2
Load: high
Load: low
MML command Parameter name Parameter ID Default value
ADD/LST/MOD
UCELLLDR UL/DL Inter-freq cell load
handover load space threshold
ULINTERFREQHOCELLLOAD
SPACETHD
DLINTERFREQHOCELLLOAD
SPACETHD
20 (%)
UL/DL Inter-freq cell load
handover maximum bandwidth
ULINTERFREQHOBWTHD/
DLINTERFREQHOBWTHD
200 (kbps)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 78
BE Rate Reduction in LDR
Candidate Users:
Users with the lowest integrated priorityOnly BE services are involved.
Action:
Reconfiguration
Highest High Lowest
Bit rate
GBR
Priority
384kbps
128kbps
64k 64k 64k
MML command Parameter name Parameter ID Default value
ADD/LST/MOD
CELLLDR UL/DL LDR-BE rate
reduction RAB number
ULLDRBERATEREDUCTIONR
ABNUM
DLLDRBERATEREDUCTIONR
ABNUM
1
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 79
AMR Rate Reduction in LDR
Candidate service:
AMR service with the lowest integrated priorityAction:
Downlink: Rate control over Iu interface
Uplink: TFC control over Uu interface.
MML command Parameter name Parameter ID Default value
ADD/LST/MOD
CELLLDR UL/DL LDR-AMR rate
reduction RAB number
ULLDRAMRRATEREDUCTIONR
ABNUM
DLLDRAMRRATEREDUCTIONR
ABNUM
3
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 80
RT Service QoS Renegotiation in LDR
Candidate service:PS streaming
Action:
QoS renegotiation over Iu
1) RNC: RAB modification request (Iu)
2) CN: RAB assignment (Iu)
3) RNC: reconfiguration (Iub/Uu)
MML command Parameter name Parameter ID Default value
ADD/LST/MOD
CELLLDR UL/DL LDR un-ctrl RT
Qos re-nego RAB num
ULLDRPSRTQOSRENEGRAB
NUM
DLLDRPSRTQOSRENEGRAB
NUM
1
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 81
Inter-RAT Handover of LDR
Candidate target cell:
2G cells with same/bigger coverage as serving 3G cell
Candidate users:
User with lowest Integrated Priority
Actions:
PS service inter-RAT handover
CS service inter-RAT handover
WCDMA
GSM CELL
Load: high
MML command Parameter name Parameter ID Default value
ADD/LST/MOD
CELLLDR UL/DL LDR PS inter-
rat ho user number
ULLDRPSINTERRATHOUSERNUM
DLLDRPSINTERRATHOUSERNUM
1
UL/DL LDR CS inter-
rat ho user number
ULLDRCSINTERRATHOUSERNUM
DLLDRCSINTERRATHOUSERNUM
3
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 82
Summary: Load Reshuffling
Affected users Users in Connected mode
Procedure Up to 6 service oriented strategies to use when cell enters basic congestion state.
Related Parameters
Actions Inter-frequency load handover Users in CELL_DCH
BE service rate reduction Users with BE service
AMR reduction Users with AMR speech
Inter-RAT load handover in CS domain Users with CS service
Inter-RAT load handover in PS domain Users with PS service
Iu Qos renegotiation Users with Streaming service
CELLLDR.Class
UL/DL Inter-freq cell load handover load space threshold
UL/DL Inter-freq cell load handover maximum bound width
UL/DL LDR-BE rate reduction RAB number
UL/DL LDR un-ctrl RT Qos re-nego RAB num
UL/DL LDR CS inter-rat ho user number
UL/DL LDR PS inter-rat ho user number
UL/DL LDR-AMR rate reduction RAB number
1st-6th LDR action sequence
UL/DL BE guarantee bit rate
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 83
Overview
Load Reshuffling
Overload Control
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 84
Overload Control (OLC)
Actions supported:TFC Control of R99 BE service
Drop of low priority UEs
Sequence of OLC actions:Fast TFC control -> Call drop of UEs
Check the load of theserving periodically
Is the load higher thanoverload congestion trigger
threshold
Yes
No
Yes
No
Take actions to releasecongestion
End load adjustment
Is the load lower thanoverload congestion release
threshold
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 85
Fast TFC Control in OLC
Monitor Cell Load
If Cell load >Congestion threshold
Congestion Detected
and inform MAC
Congestion Relievedand infrom MAC
MAC decrease themax TF number
Start a Adjust Timer
expires
Kill the Adjust Timer
MAC increase the
max TF number
Start a Recover Timer
expires
Downlink TFC Control
Performed within MAC-d/RNC
Uplink TFC ControlRNC -> UE: TFC control
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 86
Parameters of Overload Control
MML command Parameter name Parameter ID Default value
ADD/LST/MOD
CELLLDM
UL/DL OLC trigger threshold ULOLCTRIGTHD
DLOLCTRIGTHD
95%
UL/DL OLC Release threshold ULOLCRELTHD DLOLCRELTHD 90%
ADD/LST/MOD
CELLOLC
UL/DL OLC fast TF restrict RAB number ULOLCFTFRSTRCTRABNUM
DLOLCFTFRSTRCTRABNUM
3
Data rate restrict coefficient RATERSTRCTCOEF 68%
DL OLC fast TF restrict data rate restrict
timer length
RATERSTRCTTIMERLEN 3S
DL OLC fast TF restrict data rate recover
timer length
RATERECOVERTIMERLEN 5S
UL/DL OLC traff release RAB number ULOLCTRAFFRELRABNUM
DLOLCTRAFFRELRABNUM
0
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 87
Summary: Load Control Parameter Classification
RNC
RadioClass
GlobalParaClass CellClass
LDM.Class
CELLPUC.ClassUSERPRIORITY.Class
CORRMALGOSWITCH .Class
FRC.Class
QUEUEPREEMPT.Class
CELLLDM.Class
CELLLDR.Class
CELLOLC.Class
CELLCAC.Class
UL/DL basic meas rprt cycle, Unit:10ms
UL/DL basic meas rprt cycle, Unit:min
LDM.Class
Integrate Priority Configured Reference
Indicator of Carrier Type Priority
USERPRIORITY.Class
RAB Downsizing Switch
Switcher for IU QoS Negotiation
CORRMALGOSWITCH .Class
Uplink initial access rates
Downlink initial access rates
FRC .Class
CELLLDR.Class
UL/DL Inter-freq cell load handover load space threshold
UL/DL Inter-freq cell load handover maximum bound width
UL/DL LDR-BE rate reduction RAB number
UL/DL LDR un-ctrl RT Qos re-nego RAB num
UL/DL LDR CS inter-rat ho user number
UL/DL LDR PS inter-rat ho user number
UL/DL LDR-AMR rate reduction RAB number
Load level division threshold 1
Load level division threshold 2
Load level division hysteresis
CELLPUC.Class
Preempt algorithm switch
Queue algorithm switch
Poll timer length
QUEUEPREEMPT.Class
UL threshold of Conv AMR service
UL threshold of Conv non_AMR service
UL threshold of other services
UL Handover access threshold
DL threshold of Conv AMR service
DL threshold of Conv non_AMR service
DL threshold of other services
DL Handover access threshold
DL total nonhsdpa equivalent user number
Maximum HSDPA user number
CELLCAC.Class
UL/DL OLC fast TF restrict times
UL/DL OLC fast TF restrict RAB number
Data rate restrict coefficient
UL/DL OLC traff release RAB number
CELLOLC.Class
UL/DL LDR trigger threshold
UL/DL LDR release threshold
UL/DL OLC Trigger threshold
UL/DL OLC Release threshold
CELLLDM.Class
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 88
Call Admission Check
Intelligent Access Control
Load Reshuffling
Service Differentiation Enhancement
Load Control Enhancement
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 89
Power Resource Admission CheckType Algorithm Remark RAN6.0
DCH UL/DL algorithm1 Based on power or interference (prediction)
√
UL/DL algorithm2 Based on the equivalent number of users √
UL/DL algorithm3 Based on power or interference (without prediction)
√
HSDPA BE User number check Control the user number mapped on HS-DSCH
√
PBR admission check Check the aggregated BE traffic provided bit rate
√
Power usage check Check the power usage for HSDPA BE √
Streaming User number check Control the user number mapped on HS-DSCH
√
PBR admission check Check the aggregated Streaming traffic provided bit rate
√
Power usage check Check the power usage for HSDPA Streaming
√
HSUPA User number check Control the user number mapped on E-DCH
√
UL algorithm2 Based on the equivalent number of users √
MBMS DL algorithm1 Based on power (prediction) √
Support downgrading power for admission
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 90
HSUPA Admission Check Procedure
HSUPA access request
Get the total ENU of all existing users.
Calculate the increment of the new incoming HSUPA user
Forecast the ENU load
Compare the forecast ENUload with the theshold
max
total newENU ENUENU
newENU
_ _
total iall exist user
ENU ENU
Maximum HSUPA user number
UL threshold of Conv AMR service
UL threshold of Conv non_AMR service
UL threshold of other services
UL Handover access threshold
Dl HSUPA reserved factor
ADD CELLCAC
E-DPCCH Ec/No and E-DPDCH Ec/No are calculated based on
DPCCH Ec/No
User number admission check ENU admission check Iub transmission resource admission check NodeB credit resource admission check
NodeB Max Hsupa User Number
ADD NODEBALGOPARA
2 2
0 02 2( / ) ( / )ec edc HSUPA c DPCH
c d
E N E N
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 91
MBMS Admission Check Procedure
MBMS descend power RAB priority
threshold
ADD CELLLDR
Power resource admission check Code resource admission check Iub transmission resource admission check NodeB credit resource admission check
Mechanism of downgrading power for MBMS admission:
» For a high priority MBMS service, the needed power is the maximum transmit power of FACH. DL threshold of other services is used for comparison.
» For a low priority MBMS service, the needed power is the maximum transmit power of FACH. LDR threshold is used for comparison. If the admission check fails, the needed power is reduced to the minimum power of FACH.
maxmax, PThdPP othermbmsHSPAnon
maxmax, PThdPP ldrmbmsHSPAnon
maxmin, PThdPP ldrmbmsHSPAnon
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 92
Intelligent Access Control
Preemption
Queuing
DRD
Admissionalgorithm
Succeeded
Failed
Failed or notsupported
Failed or notsupported
Service requestdenied
Service requestadmitted
Failed
Succ-eeded
Succ-eeded
Succ-eeded
FailedSucc-eeded
Failed
Succeeded Succeeded
RAB processing
RRC connection processing
Iu Qos Negotiationalgorithm switch
UE capability
RAB establishmentRAB modificationInbound relocation
Ratereconfigurationhard handover
Cell loadinformation list LIT
Scenario
LDM CRM Others
DCCC algorithm switch
Ratenegotiation
PS domain:maximum ratenegotiation
PS and CSdomains:initial ratenegotiation
PS domain BEservice:
target ratenegotiation
Load admission
Code resourceadmission
Iub resourceadmission
Credit resourceadmission
FailedRRC connectionrequest
Admissionalgorithm DRD Redirection
Iu QoS Negotiation RAB Downsizing Preemption Queuing DRD
DCH service Y Y Y Y Y
HSDPA service Y Y Y Y
HSUPA service Y Y Y Y
MBMS service YTriggered by admission check failure due to the limitation of EUN, user
number and Iub transmission
Triggered by admission check failure due to the
limitation of power, code and credit resource
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 93
Load Reshuffling
Power Resources
Iub TransmissionResources
NodeB CreditResources
Handover Downsizing RAN-CNRenegotiation
IRATHO
IFHO
DCCC
AMRC
ForPS Streaming
Service Quality Unchange Service Quality
Downgrade
CS
PS
Load Reshuffling (LDR)
Monitoring load, trigger the actions
corresponding to basic congestion
Code Resources EUN
Code Reshuffling
MBMS Power Downgrading
! Code reshuffling only due to code limitation is supported in RAN6.0.
! MBMS power downgrading only due to power limitation is supported in RAN6.0.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 94
Available Reshuffling Actions And Objects
Resource UL/DL
LDR Actions
Inter-Freq HO
BE Rate Reduction
Inter-RAT
CS HO
Inter-RAT PS
HO
AMR Reduction
Iu QoS Renegotiation
Code Reshuffling
MBMS Power Downgrading
Power Resource
UL √ √ √ √ √ √ X N.A.
DL √ √ √ √ √ √ X √
Code Resource
UL N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A.
DL X √ X X X X √ X
NodeB CreditUL X √ √ √ X X X X
DL X √ √ √ X X X X
Iub Transport Resource
UL X √ √ √ √ √ X XDL X √ √ √ √ √ X X
ENUUL √ √ √ √ X √ X N.A.
DL √ √ √ √ X √ X X
Object
LDR Actions
Inter-Freq HO
BE Rate Reduction
Inter-RAT CS
HO
Inter-RAT PS
HO
AMR Reduction
Iu QoS Renegotiation
Code Reshuffling
MBMS Power Downgrading
DCH √ √ √ √ √ √ √ N.A.
HSDPA √ X X √ X X X N.A.
HSUPA √ X X √ X X X N.A.
MBMS X X X X X X X √
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 95
Load Reshuffling Due To Power Limitation
trigldrN Thr
RTWPPRTWP
_
Uplink
Downlink
sup _ max max( min( , ))non hspa GBR h a res hspa total ldrP GBP P P P Thr
Reserved power for HSUPA related DL channels (The power of downlink control
channels (E-AGCH/E-RGCH/E-HICH) )
Dl HSUPA reserved factor
ADD CELLCAC
» RTWP based UL LDR
» Power based DL LDR
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 96
Load Reshuffling Due To Code Limitation
Trigger condition
Cell SF reserve threshold
Max user number of code adjust
ADD CELLLDR
Actions
Minimum available SF > reserved SF_Thd
» Code reshuffling
» BE rate reduction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 97
Load Reshuffling Due To NodeB Credit Limitation
Trigger condition
Actions
, , , _NodeB UL NodeB current UL Ldr ULC C Thr
, , , _NodeB DL NodeB current DL Ldr DLC C Thr
» UL/DL separate
» Inter-RAT PS/CS HO
» BE rate reduction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 98
Load Reshuffling Due To ENU Limitation
resCCHDCHDL NNN _
trigldr
Max
UL
ThrKK
_
ULCCH
ULDCH
ULStreamH
ULBEH
ULHSUPA
UL KKKKKK
Uplink
Downlink» For R99 cell
ldrdchresCCHDCH ThrNNN max_
» For HSDPA cell
- If ENU based DL LDR is enabled, HSDPA users shall not be selected to perform load reshuffling actions.
» ENU based UL LDR
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 99
Service Differentiation Enhancement
The values of RAB Integrate Priority are set according to the Integrate Priority Configured Reference parameter as follows: • If the value of the parameter is set to Traffic Class, the integrate priority abides by the following rules: - Classes of services: conversational -> streaming -> interactive -> background
- Services of the same class: priority based on Allocation/Retention Priority (ARP) values- Only for the interactive service of the same ARP value: priority based on THP- Services of the same class and priority: HSDPA or DCH service preferred on the basis of the value of the
Indicator of Carrier Type Priority parameter
• If the value of the parameter is set to ARP, the integrate priority abides by the following rules:- ARP1 -> ARP2 -> ARP3 … -> ARP14- Same ARP value: conversational -> streaming -> interactive -> background- Only for the interactive service of the same ARP: priority based on THP- Services of the same ARP, class and THP (only for interactive service ): HSDPA or DCH service preferred
on the basis of the value of the Indicator of Carrier Type Priority parameter
THP consideration■ For interactive services, differentiate the priority through THP in the case of same ARP.■ Applied to determine the integrate priority
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 100
Packet Scheduling
Power Control
Load Control
Mobility
HSDPA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 101
Mobility Management Overview
Classification
Functionality
Intra-frequency Soft / Softer / Hard Handover
Inter-frequency Handover
Inter-RAT Handover
Motive
Coverage Based Handover
Load Based Handover
UE Speed Based Handover (HCS)
Service Based Handover
-Provide the subscribers the continuous communication services-Load balancing and resources sharing-Improve the utilization of system resources
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 102
Handover Scenarios
Intra-frequency HandoverSoft / Softer HandoverHard handover Based on Coverage
Based onCoverage
Based onLoad/
UE Speed
Inter-RAT Handover
Based onLoad/Service
Inter-frequencyHandover
Based onCoverage
GSM/GPRS/EDGE
WCDMA Freq. 1
WCDMA Freq. 2
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 103
Intra-Frequency Handover
UE Performs IF Measurement
MEASUREMENT CONTROL
message> Measurement Quantity> Event Parameters> Neighbor cell list, etc.
If criteria is matched, UE sends measurement report.
RNC Performs Handover
> Apply for Resource
(Admission)
> Signaling Procedure
Execution
> Update Parameters to UE
MeasurementPhase
DecisionPhase
ExecutionHandover
RNC Makes Decision
> 1A Add Cell to AS
> 1B Remove Cell in AS
> 1C Replace a Cell in AS
> 1D Indicate Best cell
- Add 1D cell to AS or
do replacement
- May do Hard HO
Do Hard HO if conditions are met.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 104
Intra-Frequency Handover Key Parameters
Event ParametersEvent 1A
> CS/PS service 1A event relative threshold> 1A hysteresis > 1A event trigger delay time
Event 1B> CS/PS service 1B event relative threshold > 1B hysteresis> 1B event trigger delay time
Event 1C> 1C hysteresis> 1C event trigger delay time
Event 1D> 1D hysteresis> 1D event trigger delay time
MeasurementPhase
> Intra-freq Measure Quantity > Cell offset > Max number of cell in active set
DecisionPhase
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 105
Inter-Frequency Handover
HO Triggers1. Based on Coverage
> UE Event 2D/2F Report
2. Based on Load > LDR Module Report
3. Based on UE Speed> HCS UE Speed Estimation
Measurement1. CM measurement needed
> Periodical Meas.
> Event Reporting• 2D → start CM • 2F → stop CM• 2B → coverage based
handover• 2C → load based
handover
2. No Meas. needed> Blind HO
3. Use blind HO or 2C
Event Reporting
RNC Perform Handover1. Apply for Resource
Admission
2. Signaling Procedure
Execution
3. Update Parameters to
UE
IF HO will be triggered1. Coverage basedPeriodically Reporting:
> Signal Quality of target cell meet requirement
> Keep Time to Trigger
Event Reporting:> Received 2B Event
2. LDR choose UE and target cell to Blind HO
3. Blind HO or 2C Event Report
HandoverTrigger
MeasurementPhase
DecisionPhase
ExecutionHandover
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 106
Inter-Frequency Handover Key Parameters
MeasurementPhase
HandoverTrigger
Event 2B> Inter-freq CS/PS
Target/Used frequency
trigger Ec/No THD *Thresholds also for RSCP
Event 2C> Inter-freq measure target
frequency trigger Ec/No
THD
> 2B/2C hysteresis
> 2B/2C event trigger
delay time
DecisionPhase
Event 2D> Inter-freq CS/PS measure
start Ec/No THD
Event 2F> Inter-freq CS/PS measure
stop Ec/No THD * Thresholds also for RSCP
> 2D/2F hysteresis
> 2D/2F event trigger delay
time
> Inter-frequency measure report modeInter-frequency measure quantity> Inter-frequency measure periodical rpt period (for periodical reporting mode)
For Periodical reporting mode> Inter-freq CS/PS target frequency trigger Ec/No THD
(thresholds also for RSCP)
> Inter-freq handover min access Ec/No RSCP THD
> HHO hysteresis
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 107
Inter-RAT Handover
HandoverTrigger
MeasurementPhase
DecisionPhase
ExecutionHandover
HO Triggers1. Based on Coverage
> UE Event 2D/2F Report
2. Based on Load > LDR Module Report
3. Based on Service> When a service is
established
> Service HO properties
Measurement1. CM measurement needed
> Event Reporting• 2D → start CM
• 2F → stop CM
• 3A → based on
> Periodical Meas.
Reporting
2/3. Use 3C Event Reporting.
The RNC initiates a handover procedure.
Inter-RAT HO triggered1. Coverage based3A Event Reporting:
> Received 3A Event
Periodically Reporting:
> Signal quality of target cell
meet requirement
> Keep Time to Trigger
2/3. HO to cells in 3C Event Report By UE
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 108
Inter-RAT Handover Key Parameters
MeasurementPhase
HandoverTrigger
Event 3A> Inter-RAT CS/PS Used
frequency trigger Ec/No
THD (or RSCP)
> Inter-RAT CS/PS
handover decision THD
Event 3C> Inter-RAT CS/PS
handover decision THD
> 3A/3C hysteresis
> 3A/3C event trigger
delay time
DecisionPhase
Event 2D> Inter-RAT CS/PS measure
start Ec/No THD
Event 2F> Inter-RAT CS/PS measure
stop Ec/No THD * Thresholds also for RSCP
> 2D/2F hysteresis
> 2D/2F event trigger delay
time
> Inter-RAT report mode > 3A Measure Quantity> Inter-RAT period report interval > BSIC verify switch
For Periodical reporting mode> Time to trigger for verified GSM cell
> Time to trigger for non-verified GSM cell
> Inter-RAT CS/PS handover decision THD
> Inter-RAT hysteresis
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 109
Packet Scheduling
Power Control
Load Control
Mobility
HSDPA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 110
Overview
Channel Type Mapping and Switching
Power and Code Management
Admission Control
Scheduling
Flow Control
Mobility Management
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 111
HSDPA Key Techniques - Overview
AMC Fast SchedulingHARQ ( Hybrid ARQ)
16QAMSF16, 2ms and CDM/TDM 3 New Physical Channels
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 112
Overview
Channel Type Mapping and Switching
Power and Code Management
Admission Control
Scheduling
Flow Control
Mobility Management
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 113
Interactive, Background and Streaming service could be mapped onto HS-DSCH.
The bit rate thresholds are used. RABs with maximum bit rate higher than or equal to the threshold will be mapped onto HS-DSCH.The bit rate thresholds (DL streaming threshold on HSDPA , DL BE traffic threshold on HSDPA) are OM configurable.
One switch (PS_STREAMING_ON_HSDPA_SWITCH) is available for operator to disable the mapping of streaming service onto HS-DSCH.
Interactive
Background
Streaming
mapping RB on DCH
RB on HS-DSCH
RB on FACH
HSDPA Channel Mapping
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 114
Channel type switching and state transitionCELL_DCH (with HS-DSCH) CELL_FACH based on user activityCELL_DCH (with HS-DSCH) CELL_DCH (without HS-DSCH)
HSDPA Channel Switching
Based on user activity (TVM)
Trigged by mobility Triggered by TVM Triggered by timer
CELL_DCH(HS-DSCH))
CELL_DCH
CELL_FACHCELL_PCH
URA_PCH
BE HS-DSCH to FACH 4B threshold BE HS-DSCH to FACH 4B time to triggerBE HS-DSCH to FACH 4B Pending TimeBE HS-DSCH to FACH transition timer-- This parameter is used to detect the stability of
a UE in low activity state in CELL_DCH (with
HS-DSCH) state.
SET UESTATETRANS
H Retry TimerLength -- Length of retry timer for periodical
attempts to map the service onto the
HS-DSCH.
SET COIFTIMER
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 115
Overview
Channel Type Mapping and Switching
Power and Code Management
Admission Control
Scheduling
Flow Control
Mobility Management
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 116
HSDPA Power Allocation
Dynamic power allocation DPCHs have the preferential right to
occupy the power Node B can use all the remaining
power for HSDPA The minimum available part for HSDPA
can be guaranteed A configurable margin is used to keep
the system in stable status
Time
Allowed power for HSDPA
Total Power
DPCH
Power for CCH
Higher power utility
efficiency
TimePower margin for DCH power control
Power Margin
SET MACHSPARA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 117
HSDPA Channel Power Control – HS-DPCCH
ACK / NACKCQI
/NACKACK CQI
Time
Power
Power
Uplink DPCCH
Time
Set power offsets between HS-DPCCH and associated DPCCH for ACK, NACK and CQIDifferent PO values are set according to minimum inter-TTI intervalDifferent PO values are used for soft handover
ACKPO1, ACKPO2, ACKPO3
NACKPO1, NACKPO2, NACKPO3
CQIPO
ACKPO1FORSHO, ACKPO2FORSHO,
ACKPO3FORSHO
NACKPO1FORSHO, NACKPO2FORSHO,
NACKPO3FORSHO
CQIPOFORSHO
ADD CELLHSDPCCH
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 118
HSDPA Channel Power Control – HS-SCCH/HS-PDSCH
HS-SCCH Power Control Method
HS-SCCH Power
HS-SCCH FER
Initial HS-SCCH Transmission Power
Maximum/Minimum HS-SCCH
Transmission Power
HS-SCCH Power Control Adjustment
Period
Step of Power Adjustment
ADD MACHSPARAHS-SCCH Power Control Fixed power control Based on CQI
- CQI reported by UE- DTX detected by Node B- Target FER of HS-SCCH
HS-PDSCH Power Control Allocated by scheduler HSDPA power limitation per user
Max Power per H user
ADD MACHSPARA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 119
Static Code Allocation Simple but robust The code allocation for HS-
SCCHs and HS-PDSCHs is static. It is configurable
Low code utilization efficiency
SF=256SF=128 ┏ ━ ●C(256,0) : PCPI CH
┏ 0 ┫SF=64 ┃ ┗ ━ ●C(256,1) : PCCPCH
┏ 0 ┫┃ ┃ ┏ ━ ●C(256,2) : AI CH┃ ┗ 1 ┫
SF=32 ┃ ┗ ━ ●C(256,3) : PI CH┏ 0 ┫
SF=16 ┃ ┗ ●C(64,1) :SCCPCH 1┏ 0 ┫┃ ┃┃ ┃ ┏ ●C(64,2) :SCCPCH 2┃ ┃ ┃┃ ┗ 1 ┫
SF=8 ┃ ┃ ┏ ━ ●C(128, 6) : HS-SCCH 1┏ 0 ┫ ┗ 3 ┫
SF=4 ┃ ┗ ━ ○1 ┃┏ 0 ┫ ┗ ━ ●C(128, 7) : HS-SCCH 2┃ ┗ ○1┃┗ ━ ○1 ┏ ━ ○2┃ ┏ ○6 ● CCH┃ ┃ SF=16 ● HSDPA┃ ┃ ┏ ●C(16, 14) : HS-PDSCH 2 ○ DCH┗ ━ 3 ┫ ┃
┗ 7 ┫┗ ●C(16, 15) : HS-PDSCH 1
HSDPA Code Allocation (1)
HS-PDSCH Code Num--- This parameter sets the number of
HS-PDSCH codes available in a cell.
ADD CELLHSDPA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 120
HSDPA Code Allocation (2)
RNC will continuously monitor the usage of OVSF codes for DPCH channels
Via RNC reconfiguration procedure Better code utilization efficiency
Codes for CCH and HS-SCCH
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 146543 15210
Shared codes
Reserved codes for DPCHMinimum reserved codes for HSDPA
SF=16
Re-allocated to HSDPA if the codes used by the established DPCHs are much less than the codes available
It will be called back by DPCHs through reconfiguring the codes for HSDPA if the codes are almost used up by DPCH channels
SF=16
SF=16
Maximum available codes for HSDPA
….
RNC-Controlled Dynamic Allocation
Maximum Number of HS-PDSCH Codes-- The maximum number of
HS-PDSCH codes available
in a cell
Minimum Number of HS-PDSCH Codes-- The minimum number of
HS-PDSCH codes available
in a cell
ADD CELLHSDPA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 121
HSDPA Code Allocation (3)
NodeB-controlled Dynamic Code Allocation The minimum number of codes for HSDPA is configurable Reconfiguration procedure is not needed Making full use of the whole code tree
Codes for CCH and HS-SCCH
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 146543 15210
Available codes for DPCH Reserved codes for HSDPA
SF=16
Node B enlarges the allocated codes for HSDPA temporally due to HSDPA data transmission if the adjacent code is free
Node B will release the code temporally occupied by HSDPA when it is allocated to DPCH by RNC
SF=16
SF=16
….
Code Number for HS-PDSCH
ADD CELLHSDPA
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 122
Overview
Channel Type Mapping and Switching
Power and Code Management
Admission Control
Scheduling
Flow Control
Mobility Management
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 123
Intelligent Access Control Procedure
Preemption
Queuing
DRD
Admissionalgorithm
Succeeded
Failed
Failed or notsupported
Failed or notsupported
Service requestdenied
Service requestadmitted
Failed
Succ-eeded
Succ-eeded
Succ-eeded
FailedSucc-eeded
Failed
Succeeded Succeeded
RAB processing
RRC connection processing
Iu Qos Negotiationalgorithm switch
UE capability
RAB establishmentRAB modificationInbound relocation
Ratereconfigurationhard handover
Cell loadinformation list LIT
Scenario
LDM CRM Others
DCCC algorithm switch
Ratenegotiation
PS domain:maximum ratenegotiation
PS and CSdomains:initial ratenegotiation
PS domain BEservice:
target ratenegotiation
Load admission
Code resourceadmission
Iub resourceadmission
Credit resourceadmission
FailedRRC connectionrequest
Admissionalgorithm DRD Redirection
Iu QoS Negotiation RAB Downsizing Preemption Queuing DRD
DCH service Y Y Y Y Y
HSDPA service Y Y Y Y
Triggered by admission check failure due to the
limitation of user number, power and Iub transmission
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 124
Downlink Power Admission Control of HSDPA cell
New Measurements for HSDPA cell
- Transmitted Carrier Power of all codes not used for HS-DSCH transmission:
Pnon-hspa
- HS-DSCH GBR required Power: GBP
Load estimation of new HSDPA service
- Predicted HS-DSCH required power increase for Steaming service:
ΔPpre-strm
- Predicted HS-DSCH required power increase for BE service: ΔPpre-BE
Power resource admission check of HSDPA service in HSDPA cell
Power resource admission check of R99 service in HSDPA cell
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 125
Dynamic Power Management - Overview
P Max
P non-hspda
cachspanonThrP max
cactotalThrP max
hsdpaP max
GBP
Relative ParametersAdmission threshold for R99 power (Thrnon-hspa-cac)
Admission threshold for cell total load(Thrtotal-cac)
Admission threshold for HSDPA maximum power (Pmax-hspa)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 126
GBR Consideration in Power Admission Check - DCH
P Max
P non-hspda
cachspanonThrP max
cactotalThrP max
GBP
DCH service access:
maxnon hspa pre non hspa cacP P P Thr
cactotalpretotal ThrPPP max
cactotalprehspastrmBEhspanon ThrPPPGBPGBPP maxmax )),min((
A
B
ΔP
hsdpaP max
(A and B) or (A and C) is true, then CAC is OK.
C
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 127
Example DCH Access - Accept Suppose that: • P
max=P
max-hspa; Thr
total-cac=90%; Thr
non-hspa-cac= 80%
• Ptotal=90%, low HSDPA load (GBP=30%), low R99 load (30%)P Max
cachspanonThrP maxcactotalThrP max
R99
(Currently consumed power =30%)
HSDPA
(Currently consumed power =60%, GBP=30%)
ΔP (10%)
maxnon hspa pre non hspa cacP P P Thr A
30%
10%
80%
cactotalpretotal ThrPPP maxB30% 60% 90%
10%TRUE !
TRUE !
cactotalprehspastrmBEhspanon ThrPPPGBPGBPP maxmax )),min((C30% 30% 10% 90%
False !
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 128
Example DCH Access - Reject
maxnon hspa pre non hspa cacP P P Thr A
30%
10%
80%
cactotalpretotal ThrPPP maxB30% 60% 90%
Suppose that: • P
max=P
max-hspa; Thr
total-cac=90%; Thr
non-hspa-cac=80%
• Low R99 load (30%), high H GBR load (55%), new R99 call accesses
P Max
cachspanonThrP maxcactotalThrP max
R99
(Currently consumed power = 30%)
HSDPA
(Currently consumed power =60%, GBP=55%)
ΔP (10%)
TRUE ! 10%
cactotalprehspastrmBEhspanon ThrPPPGBPGBPP maxmax )),min((C30% 55% 10% 90%
False !
False !
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 129
Example DCH Access – Accept or Reject ?
maxnon hspa pre non hspa cacP P P Thr A
75% 80%10%
Suppose that: • P
max=P
max-hspa; Thr
total-cac=90%; Thr
non-hspa-cac=80%
• High R99 load (75% or 60%), low H GBR load (15%), new R99 call accesses
P Max
cachspanonThrP maxcactotalThrP max
R99
HSDPA GBP = 15%
ΔP (10%)
maxnon hspa pre non hspa cacP P P Thr A
60% 80%10%
10%cactotalpretotal ThrPPP maxB
60% 15% 90%
cactotalprehspastrmBEhspanon ThrPPPGBPGBPP maxmax )),min((C60% 15% 100% 10% 90%
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 130
GBR Consideration in Power Admission Check - HSDPA
P Max
P non-hspda
cachspanonThrP max
cactotalThrP max
GBP
ΔP
hsdpaP max
hspapreBEstrm PPGBPGBP max
cactotalpretotal ThrPPP max
cactotalpreBEstrmhspanon ThrPPGBPGBPP max)(
A
B
C
HSDPA service access: (A and B) or (A and C) is true, then CAC is OK.
** B is not applied to BE service in RAN 5.1.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 131
Example HSDPA Access – AcceptSuppose that: • P
max=P
max-hspa; Thr
total-cac=90%; Thr
non-hspa-cac=80%
• Low H load (30%), low R99 load (30%), new H call accesses
P Max
cachspanonThrP maxcactotalThrP max
R99
Currently consumed power = 30%
HSDPACurrently consumed power = 30%,
GBP=20%
ΔP (15%)
(A and B) or (A and C) is true
hspapreBEstrm PPGBPGBP max
cactotalpretotal ThrPPP max
cactotalstrmpreBEstrmhspanon ThrPPGBPGBPP max)(
A
B
C
30%
20%
15% 90%
15%
30%
30% 20% 15% 90%
100%TRUE !TRUE !TRUE !
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 132
Example HSDPA Access – Reject (1)
hspapreBEstrm PPGBPGBP max
cactotalpretotal ThrPPP max
cactotalstrmpreBEstrmhspanon ThrPPGBPGBPP max)(
A
B
C
30%
55%
15% 90%
15%
60%
30% 55% 15% 90%
Suppose that: • P
max=P
max-hspa; Thr
total-cac=90%; Thr
non-hspa-cac=80%
• Low R99 load (30%), high H GBR load (55%), new H call accesses
P Max
cachspanonThrP maxcactotalThrP max ΔP
(15%)
A is true, but B or C is false
100%
HSDPA
Currently consumed power = 60%, GBP=55%
R99
Currently consumed power = 30%
TRUE !False !
False !
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 133
Example HSDPA Access – Reject (2)
hspapreBEstrm PPGBPGBP max
cactotalpretotal ThrPPP max
cactotalstrmpreBEstrmhspanon ThrPPGBPGBPP max)(
A
B
C
70%
15%
15% 90%
15%
15%
70% 15% 15% 90%
100%
Suppose that: • P
max=P
max-hspa; Thr
total-cac=90%; Thr
non-hspa-cac=80%
• High R99 load (70%), low H GBR load (15%), new H call accesses
P Max
cachspanonThrP maxcactotalThrP max
R99
H GBRΔP
(15%)
A is true, but B or C is false
TRUE !False !
False !
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 134
Conclusions – Downlink Power Admission for HSDPA Cell
GBR is introduced to HSDPA I/B services. ARP is considered when setting GBR. Power is shared between HSDPA and R99. Maximum power limitation is available for R99 and HSPDA
respectively. HSDPA power is guaranteed for the pre-defined GBR.
HSDPA is not best effort !
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 135
Overview
Channel Type Mapping and Switching
Power and Code Management
Admission Control
Scheduling
Flow Control
Mobility Management
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 136
HSDPA EPF Scheduling Algorithm
GBR service scheduled with PF( X%) GBR service forcibly
scheduled (Y%)All service scheduled
with PF(Z%)
scheduling algorithm period
scheduling algorithm period
scheduling algorithm period
time
500ms
For GBR service: GBR+PF
For GBR service: GBR+SPI
For all service: PF + SPI
To guarantee the GBR For the users whose GBR is not satisfied in X phase
For all the users considering fairness
Segmented into three parts
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 137
Fast Scheduling Procedure
500ms
user
GBR service scheduled with PF ( X%) GBR service forcibly GBR
scheduled (Y%)
All service scheduled with
PF(Z%)
All
user
GBR
user
Scheduling the users with
GBRScheduling the users
whose GBR is not satisfied in
X phase
Scheduling all the users
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 138
X, Y, and Z Time Segments in Scheduling Algorithm Period
X time segment: GBR service: )(
)(Pr max_
trtR
iorityi
i (traditional PF algorithm)
Y time segment: GBR services not meeting the GBR requirements SPIiority Pr Larger SPI indicates higher priority.GBR services with the same SPI can use the RR, MAXC/I, or PF algorithm.
Z time segment: all services including GBR ones that meet GBR requirements SPIi
i
trtR
iority )(
)(Pr max_
(PF*algorithm)
Note*: SPI priority proportion coefficient that corresponds to SPI value
1. In X time segment, cell throughput is enhanced, which requires a larger segment size. When some GBR services cannot meet the GBR requirements, you must reduce the size of X time segment to enlarge Y segment, thus ensuring GBR services.
2. The sizes of the X, Y, and Z time segments can be dynamically changed to increase cell throughput with guaranteed GBR.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 139
Power Resource Limiting Ratio in Scheduling
PurposeTo settle the issue: The throughput of non GBR services is quite low due to power resources over-occupied by GBR services when the channel conditions are bad, and the power resource efficiency becomes lower.
Example 1. There are three users accessing the HSDPA BE service and two users accessing the HSDPA streaming service at 90 kbps. The CQIs of the five users are 18, 15, 6, 12, and 10. 2. During congestion, each HSDPA user uses 12% power at most.
In this situation, the data rate of the third user can be increased from 20 kbps to (40 to 50) kbps at most. Otherwise, the impact on the cell throughput and the experience of the other users in the cell will be large.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 140
CQI Correction
Initial BLER-- [1,50]percent
SET MACHSPARA
Improvement of throughput and downlink load
4.638 4.64
57.50%
30%
0123456789
10
CQAC Cl osed CQAC Open
Mac
thro
ughp
ut(M
bps)
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
Dow
nlin
k Lo
ad
MAC throughput (Mbps) Downl i nk Load
Factors affecting accuracy of CQI:Channel environmentMeasurement accuracy of UE
CQI correction Node B corrects the CQI according to the target initial BLER and actual data transmission
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 141
Overview
Channel Type Mapping and Switching
Power and Code Management
Admission Control
Scheduling
Flow Control
Mobility Management
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 142
HSDPA Flow Control Overview
Node BUu RNCIubCN
Why ? Balance the data flow between Iub and Uu Achieve high bandwidth utilization efficiency, maximize the cell
throughput Decrease data transmission delay, avoid data discard and
retransmission due to congestion
Functions Response to a HS-DSCH Capacity Request, to indicate the number of
MAC-d PDUs that the RNC is allowed to transmit for each CmCH-PI of each UE in the specified interval.
Modify the capacity and control the user data flow according to the MAC-hs queue buffer size.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 143
HSDPA Flow Control Procedure over Iub
NodeB
HSDPA queue
HSDPA
RNC
ATM Subsystem MAC-d Entity
MAC-d Entity
AAL2 Entity
AAL2 Entity
ATM Mux.
B
A
B
A
Iub bandwidth
Capacity allocation
queue
Queue based flow control - Avoid overflow in queue buffer- Quick data transmission over Iub
Iub utilization based flow control - Allocate capacity considering available Iub
bandwidth- Avoid data loss over Iub
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential Page 144
In RAN5.1, available Iub bandwidth for HSDPA is calculated in NodeB : BW_H =Min { (BW_Total - BW R99), BW_H_AAL2Path }
BWR99 is the R99 Radio Bearer admitted transmission bandwidth – CAC Iub bandwidth.
MAC_hs Flow Control – Step1: Available Iub Bandwidth for HSDPA
BWR99
BWHSDPA
Total AA
L2 BW
T
time
BW
Scenario 1 (larger R99 AF): Waste Iub bandwidthScenario 2 (Samll R99 AF): Overbook bandwidth, Iub will be congest
Scenario 1: R99 service throughput < R99 CAC admitted BW
Scenario 2: R99 service throughput > R99 CAC admitted BW
RL SET/RL RECONFIG
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MAC_hs Flow Control – Step 2 Allocate the H Iub bandwidth among HSDPA users
1. HSDPA scheduler calculates each user’s air throughput and air capacity*
2. Based on each user’s air throughput, MAC_hs buffer occupation, RLC buffer occupation, MAC_hs calculates each user’s requirement for Iub bandwidth
3. Allocate the Iub bandwidth to each HSDPA userIf Iub is limited, bandwidth for each user will scale down with same ratio after each user’s GBR is guaranteed.
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Available Iub bandwidth for HSDPA at Iub interface level:
i
HSDPAHSDPAiR PATHNRTHPATHRTHBWT )}____(,- {Min BW_Avlb 99HSDPA )(
Available Iub Bandwidth for HSDPA
BWR99i is the R99 Radio Bearer admitted transmission bandwidth.
BWR99
BWHSDPA
Total AA
L2 BW
T
time
BW
Scenario 1: Waste Iub bandwidth.Scenario 2: Overbook bandwidth. To avoid Iub congestion, HSDPA flow maps to lower priority PATH, and overbook function be enabled to avoid congestion.
Scenario 1: R99 throughput < CAC
admitted BW
Scenario 2: R99 throughput > CAC admitted BW
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Adaptive Adjustment of Available Iub bandwidth for HSDPA
Transmission Delay and Packet Loss
Detection
Start
Delay Increasing Or Packet loss
Decrease the bandwidth of HSDPA
Increase the bandwidth of HSDPA
Y
N
Detect Iub congestion state based on packet transmission delay (FrameDiscardRateThreshold ) and packet loss (DlTrDelayJitterThldBase). » None congestion: Increase HSDPA available BW. » Congestion: Decrease HSDPA available BW.
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Overview
Channel Type Mapping and Switching
Power and Code Management
Admission Control
Scheduling
Flow Control
Mobility Management
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HSDPA Mobility Management (1) Handover between HSDPA and R99 cells
Cell 2(R99)Cell 1(HSDPA) Cell 2(R99)Cell 1(HSDPA)
before handover after handover
Cell 2(R99)Cell 1(HSDPA) Cell 2(R99)Cell 1(HSDPA)
before handover after handover
Cell 2(R99)Cell 1(HSDPA) Cell 2(R99)Cell 1(HSDPA)
before handover after handover
Cell 2(R99)Cell 1(HSDPA) Cell 2(R99)Cell 1(HSDPA)
before handover after handover
Soft handoverThe 1b (remove) is triggered by HSDPA cell
Inter-frequency handover2B is triggered by R99 cell
Soft handoverHSDPA cell is added into active setThe 1d event is triggered by HSDPA cell
Inter-frequency handoverThe 2B event is triggered by HSDPA cell
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HSDPA Mobility Management (2) Handover between HSDPA cell and HSDPA cell
before handover after handover
Cell 2(HSDPA)Cell 1(HSDPA) Cell 2(HSDPA)Cell 1(HSDPA)
before handover after handover
Cell 2(HSDPA)Cell 1(HSDPA) Cell 2(HSDPA)Cell 1(HSDPA)
before handover after handover
Cell 2(HSDPA)Cell 1(HSDPA) Cell 2(HSDPA)Cell 1(HSDPA)
HSDPA hysteresis timer length -- After event 1D triggers HSDPA handover, this
timer is started. Then, event 1D will not trigger
HSDPA handover any more before expiry of this
timer.
SET HOCOMM
The 1d event is triggered by cell 2
Inter-frequency handover2B is triggered by HSDPA cell (cell2)
HSDPA serving cell is deleted and the remaining cell supports HSDPA
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HSDPA Mobility Management (3)
Handover between HSDPA cell and GSM/GPRS cell Coverage based Service based
Direct Retry HSDPS request is initiated in the R99 cell Traffic volume increases Timer Access to the original HSDPA cell is rejected
are set on cell a
Cell b(f2, R99)
Cell a(f1,HSDPA)
UE initiatesHSDPA servicerequest from cell b
After DRD, UEHSDPA service
Cell b(f2, R99)
Cell a(f1,HSDPA)