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16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 1http://www.planet-noe.org
European Networkof Excellence in
AI Planning
Where to Find Intelligent P&S Capabilities within Europe
Tim GrantAtos Origin Nederland / University of Pretoria, RSA
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 2
Overview
• Goal:– To give an overview of the intelligent planning &
scheduling capabilities within Europe
• Structure:– Introduction– Exploiting PLANET’s achievements– IP&S products & services– Stakeholders – European intelligent P&S capabilities
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 3
Introducing myself
• Qualifications:– BSc Aeronautical Engineering, Univ. Bristol, UK– PhD Artificial Intelligence, Univ. Maastricht, NL
• Experience:– 1966-87: Royal Air Force officer
• UK & Singapore: aircraft maintenance & logistics
– 1987-date: Principal Consultant, Atos Origin• NL: Aerospace, defence, motorway traffic control
– 2001-date: Professor Extraordinary, Univ. Pretoria• RSA: Advanced ICT in Planning & Control
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 4
Introducing Atos Origin
• Atos Origin:– Leading European IT services supplier:
• 30000 staff worldwide• 50% Dutch (Origin), 50% French (Atos)• Financially stable
– Technical Automation (TA) business unit:• Co-creating next-generation of intelligent, software-
intensive systems & products together with our clients• In Utrecht (NL):
– Aerospace, Defence, Road & Rail Traffic, Telecoms
• In Veldhoven (NL):– Consumer & industrial electronics, Semiconductors,
Medical equipment, Document processing
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 5
Introducing University of Pretoria
• University of Pretoria (“Tukkies”):– Front-rank South African university– Computer Science:
• Java, .NET• Swarm intelligence• Planning & control
• My research interests:– Decentralised planning & control– Generation of Standard Operating Procedures– Mixed-initiative, collaborative planning– Dynamic risk management
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 6
Exploiting PLANET
PLANET I
PLANET II
DynaTool
PLANSERVE
IPLANS
Etc. ...
I4GMES
FP6
P&Scurriculum& textbook
P&Scompetitions
P&Sproducts
& services
P&Stechnologies
& applications
Possible ways ofexploiting PLANET (PSARI)
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 7
IP&S products & services (1)
• Products:– Knowledge acquisition:
• Knowledge acquisition editor• Automated model extraction• Model conversion• Model visualisation/animation• Domain model analysis• Model evaluation• Model validation & verification
– Plan-time:• Plan generation• Scheduling• Plan/schedule visualisation/animation• Plan/schedule evaluation• Plan/schedule validation & verification
– Run-time:• Plan/schedule execution
– Plan/schedule recognition
• Tools• Research• Research• COTS• Tools• Research• Tools
• Tools• COTS• COTS• Research• Research/Tool
• COTS
• Research
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 8
IP&S products & services (2)
• Services:– Relating to P&S software:
• Selection• Installation• Integration• Tailoring to domain requirements
– Relating to domain knowledge:• Acquisition• Modelling/representation
– Relating to execution:• Plan/schedule execution• Monitoring & control of plan-based operations• Fault detection isolation & recovery
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 9
Stakeholders: innovation (1)
Process model for innovation (Kern, 2001):
System ofknowledge creation
System ofknowledge transfer
System ofknowledge application
System ofknowledge financing
System ofknowledge regulation
Knowledge application =Creating products and/or services
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 10
Stakeholders: innovation (2)
System ofknowledge creation
System ofknowledge transfer
System ofknowledge financing
System ofknowledge regulation
Researcher
Regulator Developer Financier
Each process starts withits own preparation/planning
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 11
Stakeholders: product creation
Requirements
need
Design
specification
Manufacture
design
Operations
new system
Decommission
old systemOps preppreviousexperience
SOPs,trained ops
SOPauthor
Instructor
Analyst
Designer
Manufacturer
Decommissioner
Maintainer
Each process starts withits own preparation/planning
Planning Controlplans
ControllerPlanner
current state
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 12
Stakeholders: scenarios (1)
• Pure research:– One piece of research as input to next
• Product innovation:– R&D leading to product creation lifecycle
• Component innovation:– R&D leads to manufacture of component– Component feeds into product lifecycle
• Product improvement:– Operational shortcomings lead to new creation
• Market-led innovation:– Operational shortcomings lead to new R&D
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 13
Stakeholders: scenarios (2)
Knowledge creation
Researcher
Pure academic scenario:
Product innovation scenario:
RequirementsResearch Development Design Manufacturing Operations
Component innovation scenario:
RequirementsResearch Development Design Manufacturing
Design Manufacturing OperationsRequirementsComponent System
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 14
Stakeholders: scenarios (3)
Product improvement scenario: shortcomings
new needsRequirements Design Manufacturing Operations
Operations
Market-led innovation scenario:
RequirementsResearch Development Design Manufacturing
Operations
shortcomingsnew needs
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 15
Stakeholders: P&S needs
Planner ControllerManufacturer
SOP author
Instructor
RegulatorAnalyst
Researcher
Developer
Manufacturer
provides as-builtdomain knowledge
instructs
provides SOPs providesP&S tools
provides plans
determinesgoals, resources &
standardsprovides
experience onshortcomings
provides state information
providesexperience
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 16
European capabilities (1)
Research DevelopmentProductcreation
Application
Universities
Researchinstitutes
Suppliers
Users
acad
emic
know
ledge
demos
, pro
totyp
es
prod
ucts,
serv
ices
38 + 2
12 + 1
Products: 8 + 1Services: 4
1
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 17
European capabilities (2)
• Teaching• R&D:
– Advanced planning & scheduling– Multi-agent technology– Robotics– Web
• Products:– Workforce management– Robotics– Planning support:
• Capturing domain knowledge for P&S• Generating plans/schedules• Animating & visualising plans/schedules
– Constraint programming• Services:
– (Spacecraft) mission planning– (Spacecraft) assembly, integration & testing
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 18
European capabilities (3)Country:AustriaBelgiumCyprusCzechFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryItalyNetherlandsPortugalSloveniaSpainSwedenUnited Kingdom
Univ:001117506101627
Inst:000032212110000
Supplier:120032000100102
User:000001000000000
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 19
European capabilities (4)
• Capabilities in Germany:– Universities:
• University of Ulm, Faculty of Computer Science:– Mechanical inference systems
– Multi-agent systems
– Task planning
– Knowledge representation for autonomous systems
– SW development & safety-critical systems
• Aachen University of Technology (RWTH Aachen), Knowledge-Based Systems group
– Knowledge representation
– Robotics
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 20
European capabilities (5)
• Capabilities in Germany:– Universities (cont):
• Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn:– Descriptive programming
– Object-oriented databases
– Geographical information systems
– Internet information systems
– Knowledge-based systems
– Computer-supported cooperative working
– AI & autonomous mobile systems (robotics)
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 21
European capabilities (6)
• Capabilities in Germany:– Universities (cont):
• TU Darmstadt, Intellectics group:– Deduction
– Knowledge representation
– Plan generation
– Machine learning
– Stochastic search
• University of Freiburg, Institute for Computer Science:– Algorithms & data structures
– Computer architecture
– Software engineering
– Foundations of AI
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 22
European capabilities (7)
• Capabilities in Germany:– Universities (cont):
• Munich University of Technology, Intelligent Autonomous Systems group:
– Structured reactive controllers
– Plan-based control of robotic agents
– Plan-based control of software agents
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 23
European capabilities (8)
• Capabilities in Germany:– Institutes:
• Bremen Institute of Industrial Technology & Applied Work Science (BIBA), University of Bremen:
– (PLT) Production structure, logistics & telematics
– (ATOP) Applied work science, industrial management, organisation & work development
– (PPC) Product development, process planning & computer-aided engineering
– (MAQ) Metrology, automation & quality science
– (IPS) Intelligent production & logistics systems
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 24
European capabilities (9)
• Capabilities in Germany:– Institutes (cont):
• DFKI:– Deduction & multi-agent systems
– Knowledge management
– Intelligent user interfaces
– Intelligent visualisation & simulation systems
– Language technology
• Fraunhofer Institute, Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems:
– Knowledge computing
– Autonomous robots
16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 25
European capabilities (10)
• Capabilities in Germany:– Suppliers:
• Plasim: Planungs- und Simulationsbüro (Delmenhorst):– Simulation systems for planning:
» Logistics» Automobile industry» SMEs (Mittelstand / KMUs)» 3D animation
– Related services
• Siemens AG:– Automation & control– Information & communications
• Ximes GmbH (Vienna):– Shift planning & operating hours