GCSE Geography Exam QsTourism: Paper 2 (Higher)

Introduction to tourism – Data Response Questions

6 (a) (i) In 2009, 100 million tourists visited the ten most popular tourist cities. Study Figure 15 which shows the percentage share of the ten most popular cities visited by tourists in 2009. What percentage of tourists visited London in 2009?

(1 mark – June 2012)

6 (d) Study Figure 19 on the insert, showing tourist arrivals to the islands of the Caribbean.6 (d) (i) Describe the pattern of tourist arrivals in the Caribbean as shown in Figure 19.

(2 marks – June 2012)

6 (b) Study Figure 11, on the insert, which shows how much money some countries in Europe spent on tourism and earned from tourism in a year.

6 (b) (i) Which country spent the most on tourism? (1 mark – June 2010)

6 (b) (ii) Which country earned the most from tourism? (1 mark – June 2010)

6 (b) (iii) Describe the pattern of tourism spenders and tourism earners shown in Figure 11. (4 marks – June 2010)

The Potential for Tourism

6 (b) Study Figure 14 on the insert, a map showing the centre of Bruges, a city in Belgium.Use Figure 14 to explain why Bruges has developed as a tourist destination. (4 marks – June 2014)

(i) Figure 3, on the insert, shows a holiday area in the tropics. Describe the attractions for tourists shown in Figure 3. (3 marks – Heinemann)

6 (a) (i) Study Figure 16 on the insert, a 1:25 000 Ordnance Survey map extract of Cromer, a coastal resort in Norfolk. Use Figure 16 to describe the attractions of the area for tourists

(4 marks – June 2013)

6 (b) Study (on the insert) EITHER Figure 16a, a photo of a coastal resort, OR Figure 16b, a photo of a location in a National Park. On EITHER Figure 17a OR Figure 17b

(black & white copies of Figures 16a & 16b), label one physical feature and one human feature tourists would visit the area to see. (2 marks – June

2012)

6 Study Figure 13, on the insert, which shows part of an Italian city.6 (a) (i) Which of the following has encouraged the growth of a tourist industry in the area shown in the photograph in Figure 13? Circle the correct answer.

Physical factors Human factors (1 mark – Specimen paper)

6 (a) (ii) Use Figure 13 to suggest why this Italian city has developed an important tourist industry. (2 marks – Specimen paper)

6 (a) (iii) Describe the disadvantages the tourist industry can bring to the people and the environment of an area such as that shown in Figure 13. (4 marks – Specimen paper)

a) With the help of Figure 1 on the INSERT, Explain why local residents may have issues with large numbers of visitors (4 marks – Oxford Press)

(b) Study Figure 10, on the insert, a photograph which shows Benidorm, an important tourist area in Spain, an MEDC in Europe. i) List four things which show evidence of tourism in Benidorm. (4marks - June 2008)(ii) Explain why some local people may be for and some against the development of tourism in an MEDC like Spain (4 marks - June 2008)

(a) Study Figure 11, on the insert, the map extract of part of Thailand, an LEDC in South East Asia.

(i) Using Figure 11 only, explain why the area attracts many tourists. (4 marks -June 2007)

6 (a) (ii) Outline why some cities attract many tourists. (2 marks – June 2012)

(c) (i) Explain why some environments encourage tourism. (4 marks - June 2004)

(c) Study Figure 13, a map of the Maldives, an island republic which is an LEDC in the Indian Ocean. Using Figure 13, suggest two reasons why tourists are attracted to the Maldives. (2 marks - June 2006)

The Global increase in Tourism

6 (a) (ii) Explain the rapid increase in global tourism. (3 marks – June 2014)

a) Study Figure 1 which shows holidays taken by UK residents 1971-2001.

(i) Describe what Figure 1 shows about the changing pattern of holidays in the UK. (3 marks – Heinemann)

(ii) State two reasons for the trend shown by the ‘All destinations’ line (2 marks – Heinemann)

Study the climate graphs for Manchester and Palma in Figure 2

(i) State the differences between Manchester and Palma for distribution of rainfall during the year and winter and summer temperatures (3 marks – Heinemann)

(ii) Explain how the differences in climate between the two places in Figure 2 help to explain the information shown in Figure 1 above (4 marks –

Heinemann)

a) Suggest reasons why global tourism has increased so rapidly in the last 20 years (6 marks – Oxford Press)

Impact of External Factors

6 (a) (i) State one factor that can reduce visitor numbers to a country. (1 mark – June 2014)

6 (b) (ii) Suggest two ways in which the number of people who visit the UK can be influenced by external factors. (4 marks – June 2013)

Contribution of Tourism to the UK Economy

6 (b) Study Figures 17a and 17b. Figure 17a shows the destinations of visitors to the UK. Figure 17b shows the spending by visitors to the UK.6 (b) (i) In which part of the UK is spending by visitors the greatest? (1 mark – June 2013)

The Economic Importance of Tourism to countries in contrasting parts of the world

6 (c) (ii) Study Figure 15, a diagram showing some effects of developing tourism in tropical areas. Add one correct letter to each empty box to complete the diagram. Choose the letter from the list shown below Figure 15. Each letter should be used once

(3 marks – June 2014)

a) In what ways can increased tourist activity lead to improvements in a country’s infrastructure (4 marks – Oxford Press)

(i) Explain how tourism can bring economic benefits to poor developing countries (4 marks – Heinemann)

Tourist area/ resort Life Cycle Model

6 (c) (i) Study Figure 18, the tourist area or resort life cycle model. Give two features of the Development stage of the model.

(2 marks – June 2012)

6 (a) (ii) Draw and label the tourist area/resort life cycle model (Butler’s model) to show how a resort changes over time. (4 marks – June 2013)

Case Study of EITHER a National Park or Coastal Resort in the UK

a) Name a UK national park or coastal resort which is popular with tourists. Describe the attractions of this location for tourists (3 marks – Oxford Press)

6 (c) (ii) For a tourist area in the UK you have studied, identify the stage reached in the touristarea or resort life cycle model. Give reason(s) for your answer. (4 marks – June 2012)

6 (a) (i) Choose either a National Park or a coastal resort in the UK. Describe one or more strategies that your chosen area has used to maintain a successful tourism industry. (8 marks – June 2011)

6 (b) Choose either a UK National Park or a UK coastal resort that you have studied. Explain the effectiveness of strategies put in place to ensure that the tourist industry continues to be a success in your chosen location. (4 marks – Specimen paper)

6 (a) (ii) Give two reasons why your chosen tourist area may become less popular over time. (2 marks – June 2011)

(iii) For an area of the UK that you have studied, explain why the tourist industry has developed there. (6 marks – June 2005)

(i) The table below lists some environmental problems caused by tourists in National Parks. Suggest how one of the environmental problems may be reduced. (2 marks – June 2004)

Mass Tourism & Case Study of mass tourism in a tropical area

6 (c) (i) What is mass tourism? (2 marks – June 2014)

6 (d) (i) What is the meaning of the term mass tourism? (1 mark – Specimen paper)

6 (c) (i) Describe one feature of mass tourism (2 marks – June 2010)

6 (d) (ii) Use a case study to explain why an area in the tropics attracts a large number of tourists.

(8 marks – June 2012)

6 (b) The coast of Kenya is a tropical area which attracts many tourists. Study Figure 14 on the insert, a cross-section through the coast of Kenya.

6 (b) (i) Use Figure 14 on the insert, to suggest why many tourists visit the coast of Kenya. (2 marks – June 2011)

6 (b) (ii) Explain how mass tourism may damage the environment of areas such as the coast of Kenya. (6 marks – June 2011)

a) Describe ways in which tourist activities can harm the natural environment. Refer to named locations where appropriate (8 marks– Oxford Press)

6 (d) (ii) Study Figure 15, which gives information about a tourist development in Jamaica. Using Figure 15 and your own knowledge, explain why tourism can have a negative effect on the environments of tropical areas like Jamaica. (4 marks – Specimen paper)

(ii) For a tropical tourist area you have studied, describe the negative effects of tourism on the environment and outline the attempts made to reduce those negative effects (6 marks – Heinemann)

6 (b) (iii) Outline the positive effects of mass tourism on the environment of a tropical area. (2 marks – June 2011)

6 (b) (iii) Explain how mass tourism contributes to the economy of a country (4 marks – June 2013)

6 (e) Describe the negative economic effects of mass tourism. (4 marks – June 2012)

a) For an area you have studied, describe the economic advantages and disadvantages of tourism. (8 marks – Nelson Thornes)

(c) Describe the physical and human attractions of a named tourist area in an tropical area you have studied (9 marks- adapted from June 2008)

(ii) Explain how MEDCs gain from the development of tourism in an LEDC (4 marks - June 2007)

(iv) Using one or more examples, explain why the growth of tourism may bring disadvantages to an LEDC. (6 mark - June 2006)

(b) Using one or more examples of places in LEDCs, describe the disadvantages tourism may bring. (6 marks - June 2003)

(ii) Describe the advantages & disadvantages of tourism to the economies of LEDCs

(6 marks - June 2004)

6 (c) (iii) Study Figure 16 on the insert, a photograph taken on Hawaii, a tropical tourist destination.Use Figure 16 and your own knowledge to describe how the negative effects of mass tourism can be reduced. (4 marks – June 2014)

Introducing Sustainable Tourism

6 (c) (i) What is ‘stewardship’? (1 mark – June 2011)

6 (c) (ii) Explain how ecotourism can contribute to sustainable development. (4 marks – June 2010)

6 (c) (ii) Study Figure 15 on the insert, which shows an ecotourism development in the Seychelles in the Indian Ocean. Describe how an ecotourism development can benefit future generations. (4 marks– June 2011)

(iii) Since 1970, the government of the Maldives has made rules that have to be followed when building any new tourist development. The table below lists some of these rules. Choose three of these rules, and suggest why each was felt to be important. (6 marks - June 2006)

Ecotourism Case Study Questions

6 (c) Use a case study to explain how ecotourism has contributed to sustainable development. (8 mark + SPaG: 3 marks – June 2013)

Extreme Environments Data response and Case Study Questions

6 (a) Alaska is an example of an extreme environment which has an important tourist industry. 6 (a) (i) Study Figure 10, a partly completed flow line map showing where tourists visiting Alaska come from. Use the following information to complete Figure 10. (1 mark – June 2010)

Figure 10Canada 4%

6 (c) Study Figure 14 which is part of a newspaper article.

6 (c) (i) Give one reason why more tourists are going to extreme environments like the Arctic and Antarctica. (1 mark – Specimen paper)

6 (a) (ii) Explain why extreme environments are attractive to tourists. (4 marks – June 2010)

a) For an extreme environment you have studied, describe the impact of tourism on that area.

(6 marks – Nelson Thornes)

6 (c) (ii) Choose one extreme environment that attracts tourists. Describe how it is trying to cope with an increasing number of tourists. (8 marks – Specimen paper)

(a) (iii) Describe how a named area with an extreme environment is coping with an increasing number of tourists. (8 marks – June 2010)

6 (d) Use a case study to discuss how well an extreme environment is coping with the development of a tourist industry. (8 marks [SPaG 3 marks] – June 2014)