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^ms`g`up RhkrmO~~f`bou`mk Kmuhr

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Uoafh ml Bmkuhkur

^ms`g`up Rhkrm Aor`br~odh ?

^ms`g`up Rhkrm M~hou`mk~odh 2

^ms`g`up Rhkrm R`dkof - Hfhbu`bof Qhqx`hghkur~odh 8

^ms`g`up Rhkrm Hk|`mkghkuof Bmkr`ehou`mkr~odh 0

^ms`g`up Rhkrm Cokef`kd~odh ??

^ms`g`up Rhkrm @kuhkof Bmkuobu hlmgokbh~odh ?2

^ms`g`up Rhkrm Uhru`kd~odh ?8

^ms`g`up Rhkrm Bmg~mkhkur~odh ?

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^ms`g`up Rhkrm Aor`br

^ms`g`up rhkrmr oh hhe rt`ubchr ucou oh m|h'gmfehe m orrhgafhe k cmxr`kdr um ~muhbu uchrt`ubc oke ~m|`eh horp kruoffou`mk+ ^ms`g`up rhkrmr bmgh k |o`mxr cmxr`kd r`yhr& rco~hr& okegouh`ofr& oke bok ah bxrumg`yhe ou CR@ Rhkr`kd t`uc o |o`hup ml t`hr& boafhr oke bmkkhbumr umrx`u pmx r~hb`b o~~f`bou`mk+

Aor`b Lxkbu`mk

^ms`g`up rhkrmr oh gokxlobuxhe k mkh ml rh|hof bmkdxou`mkr ehrb`ahe ahfmt+ Uch bmkuoburt`ff h`uch bmg~fhuh m `kuhx~u o b`bx`u tchk uch obuxoum bmghr t`uc`k ~ms`g`up ml uch rhkrm+

Aor`b Bmkl`dxou`mkr

Lmqg O

R^RU #R`kdfh ~mfh& r`kdfh ucmt) bmkuo`kr o kmgoffp m~hk bmkuobu ucou bfmrhr tchk okobuxoum bmghr t`uc`k uch r~hb`he m~houh e`ruokbh+ Tchk uch obuxoum t`uceotr ahpmke

uch r~hb`he hfhorh e`ruokbh& uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm huxkr um ur m`d`kof m~hk ruouh+

Lmqg A

R^RU #R`kdfh ~mfh& r`kdfh ucmt) bmkuo`kr o kmgoffp bfmrhe bmkuobu ucou m~hkr tchk okobuxoum bmghr t`uc`k uch r~hb`he m~houh e`ruokbh+ Tchk uch obuxoum t`uceotr ahpmkeuch r~hb`he hfhorh e`ruokbh& uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm huxkr um ur m`d`kof bfmrhe ruouh+

Lmqg B

R^EU #R`kdfh ~mfh& emxafh ucmt) bmkuo`kr utm bmkuobur+ Tchk ok obuxoum bmghr t`uc`kuch r~hb`he m~houh e`ruokbh& uch kmgoffp bfmrhe bmkuobu m~hkr& oke uchk uch kmgoffp

m~hk bmkuobu bfmrhr+ Tchk uch obuxoum t`uceotr ahpmke uch r~hb`

he hfhorh e`ruokbh&uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm huxkr um `ur m`d`kof ruouh+

Foubc ^qms`g`up Rhkrmq

Uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm bmkuobu#r) fmbj `kum h`uch ~mr`u`mk xku`f o hrhu ap uch h|hrof ml uchgodkhu`b hfe lmg uch obuxoum+ O|o`foafh `k amuc R^RU oke R^EU+

Ruhhf qms`g`up Rhkrmq

Uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm bok ah bmkdxhe t`uc `kuhkof godkhur& rm ucou uch obu`|ou`kd eh|`bhbok ah okp up~h ml ruhhf kbfxe`kd o logh bmg~mkhku& bmkumf ~okhf emm& m okp muchbmg~mkhku bmkuo`k`kd lhmxr gouh`of+ CR@ Rhkr`kd ~ouhkuhe uc`r uhbckmfmdp #8&102&812

oke 8&122&211)+

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Obuxoumr

Ok obuxoum r o godkhu`b m lhmxr gouh`of bmg~mkhku ucou obu`|ouhr o ~ms`g`up rhkrm+

Godkhu`b Obuxoumq

O godkhu`b obuxoum lhouxhr o godkhu ~fobhe `k o cmxr`kd oke `r mluhk ~o`he t`uc uch~ms`g`up rhkrm lm o goubc`kd rhkrm ~objodh+ Uch obuxoum cmxr`kdr ~m|`eh o bmk|hk`hku

top um gmxku uch godkhu mkum o rxlobh+

Lhqqmxr Gouhq`of

Ruhhf'rhkr`kd ~ms`g`up rhkrmr bmkuo`k kuhkof godkhur& tc`bc hkoafhr uchg um ah obu`|ouheap lhmxr gouh`of+ CR@ Rhkr`kd uhrur off ml mx ruhhf rhkr`kd ~ms`g`up rhkrmr t`uc o ruokeoeruhhf uodhu bmg~mrhe ml ?>?3 bmfe mffhe ruhhf ucou `r 2 s ? s >+>

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^ms`g`up Rhkrm M~hou`mk

O ~ms`g`up rhkrm `r obu`|ouhe ap o godkhu`b hfe m lhmxr gouh`of bmg~mkhku+ Uchh ohkxghmxr ~mrr`a`f`u`hr lm rhkrm m`hkuou`mk t`uc`k o d`|hk godkhu`b hfe+ Uch lmffmt`kd klmgou`mkmxuf`khr rh|hof jhp lobumr um bmkr`eh tchk ehuhg`k`kd ~ms`g`up rhkrm m~hou`mk+

M~houh oke Qhfhorh

M~houh e`ruokbh #E) `r uch e`ghkr`mk ahuthhk uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm oke uch obuxoum tchh uchrhkrm gxru m~houh+ Qhfhorh e`ruokbh `r uch e`ghkr`mk ahuthhk uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm oke uchobuxoum tchh uch rhkrm gxru hfhorh+ Rhh L`dxh ? lm ffxruou`mkr ml ~m~h ~ms`g`up rhkrm okeobuxoum of`dkghku+

Godkhu`b M|he`|h

Godkhu`b m|he`|h r o b`u`bof ~ooghuh k uch m~hou`mk ml ~ms`g`up rhkrmr ~m|`e`kd fmt okeruoafh bmkuobu hr`ruokbh or thff or mxuruoke`kd ~hlmgokbh+ Uc`r r obc`h|he ap hg~fmp`kd uch

rhkrm ou uch hbmgghkehe gxru'm~houh e`ruokbh m bfmrh+

G`ff`'Uhrfo oke Doxrr

Rxlobh'gmxkuhe rhkrmr oke rgoff ~ms`g`up rhkrmr bok ah bmk|hk`hkufp uhruhe lm godkhu`brhkr`u`|`up xr`kd o Chfgcmfuy Bm`f+ Uc`r eh|`bh r o hfou`|hfp fodh orrhgafp bmkr`ru`kd ml utm rhur mlt`ke`kdr+ Uch t`ke`kdr oh ookdhe um ~mexbh o ymkh m |mfxgh ml r~obh t`uc xk`lmg godkhu`bhfe ruhkduc+ Uch hfe ruhkduc k uch ymkh r e`hbufp hfouhe um uch bxhku k uch t`ke`kdr+ Uchhfe ruhkduc r ghorxhe k g`ff`'Uhrfo #gU) m Doxrr #D)+

?gU 7 ?>D

^fob`kd o ~ms`g`up rhkrm k uch uhru ymkh ml o Chfgcmfuy Bm`f r ok hsbhffhku top um uhru godkhu`brhkr`u`|`up+ Uch rhkrm xkeh uhru bok ah rxaihbuhe um |o`mxr ~hehuhg`khe hfer um |h`lp hr~mkrhm kmk'hr~mkrh um hobc hfe+ Uch uhru rpruhg bok ofrm ehuhg`kh uch hsobu hfe ruhkduc hqx`heum m~houh uch rhkrm+ Uc`r rbchgh ml uhru`kd bmg~f`hr t`uc kuhkou`mkof ruokeoer lm g~fokuoafhghe`bof eh|`bhr& tc`bc hqx`hr ucou uch eh|`bhr kmu hr~mke um bhuo`k oga`hku ruop hfer+

Bmkuobu Qhr`ruokbh

Uch hfhbu`bof hr`ruokbh ml uch ~ms`g`up rhkrmghorxhe k Mcgr`r uch bmga`khe hr`ruokbhml uch hku`h orrhgafp& `kbfxe`kd uch hhe rt`ubc bmkuobur oke t`h m boafh+ Bmkuobu hr`ruokbh `rghorxhe uch lmffmt`kd topr k uchrh ~ms`g`up rhkrm up~hr9

2

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Lmg O bmkuobu hr`ruokbh r ghorxhe tchk ok obuxoum r fmbouhe ou uchgxru'm~houh e`ruokbh

Lmg A `r ghorxhe tchk ok obuxoum `r kmu ~hrhku Lmg B bmkuobu hr`ruokbh r ghorxhe `k uch lmffmt`kd topr9

kmgoffp m~hk bmkuobu hr`ruokbh `r ghorxhe tchk uch obuxoum `r fmbouhe ou uchgxru'm~houh e`ruokbh

kmgoffp bfmrhe bmkuobu hr`ruokbh r ghorxhe tchk uch obuxoum r fmbouheou uch gxru'hfhorh e`ruokbh m dhouh

E

^QS * >4>>& >3>>& >0>> RHQ@HR

^QS * 5?>> RHQ@HR

^QS * ??>>> RHQ@HR

^QS * 0>>> RHQ@HR

^QS * ??8>>

^QS * ??0>>

^QS * 30>?>>

^QS * ??4>>

UXAXFOQ

RUHHF RHKR@KD

FMT QML@FH @KEXRUQ@OF - OFOQG

C@DC ^MTHQ

^QS * ??>>& ?1>>& ?2>> RHQ@HR

^QS * ?8>>& ?>& ?4>>& ?3>>& ?0>> RHQ@HR

E

E

E

E

E

E E

^QS * 55>>& 53>> RHQ@HR

^QS * 4>>> RHQ@HR ^QS * 3>>> RHQ@HR ^QS * 8>>>& >> RHQ@HR

E

E E E

5

L`dxh ?

7/30/2019 HSI Sensing Proximity Sensor Appliction Notes

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^ms`g`up Rhkrm R`dkof-Hfhbu`bof Qhqx`hghkur

^ms`g`up rhkrmr bmkuo`k ok `kuhkof hhe rt`ubc+ O hhe rt`ubc& ucmxdc ghbcok`bof `k kouxh&xfu`gouhfp uokrlhr bxhku oke |mfuodh tchk u bmg~fhuhr o b`bx`u+ CR@ Rhkr`kd xrhr rh|hofaor`b ehk`u`mkr oke lmgxfor tchk ehuhg`k`kd uch hfhbu`bof oke r`dkof hqx`hghkur lm hobco~~f`bou`mk+

Gos`gxg Rt`ubc`kd Bxhku

Uch gos`gxg hfhbu`bof bxhku ucou t`ff ~orr m `r ~orr`kd ucmxdc uch `kuhkof bmkuobu#r) ou uchu`gh ml m~houh m ou uch u`gh ml hfhorh+ Gmh ob`kd t`ff mbbx ou uch m~hk`kd oke bfmr`kd ml `kuhkofbmkuobur tchk uch bxhku `r ou uch gos`gxg r~hb`he f`g`u+ Ob`kd ahuthhk uch `kuhkof bmkuobu#r)t`ff rcmuhk uch f`lh hs~hbuokbp ml uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm+ Gos`gxg rt`ubc`kd bxhku `r ghorxhe `kog~hhr EB m og~hhr ~hoj OB+

Gos`gxg Rt`ubc`kd \mfuodh

Uch gos`gxg b`bx u |mfuodh offmthe obmrr uch m~hk `kuhkof bmkuobu#r)+ ^ms`g`up rhkrmr ohehr`dkhe lm g`ff`mkr ml bpbfhr+ Mkh lobum ucou gop rcmuhk uch f`lh ml uch `kuhkof bmkuobur `r bmkuobuob`kd+ Uch c`dch uch |mfuodh& uch dhouh uch ~mrr`a`f`up ml ob`kd+ Ob`kd bok boxrh ghuof uokrlhm eogodh uch kuhkof bmkuobu#r)+ Um g`k`g`yh bmkuobu ob`kd& u `r g~hou`|h um rhfhbu o ~ms`g`uprhkrm t`uc uch o~~m~`ouh lhouxhr& kbfxe`kd uch ~m~h hhe rt`ubc+ @k dhkhof& lm o~~f`bou`mkrrt`ubc`kd oam|h 18> |mfur& CR@ Rhkr`kd hbmgghker o hhe rt`ubc t`uc ok `kuhkof |obxxg m~hrrx`yhe dor oke-m uxkdruhk bmkuobur+ Gos`gxg rt`ubc`kd |mfuodh r fhrr ucok uch ahojemtk|mfuodh+

Tchk rhfhbu`kd o t`h m boafh& boh gxru ah uojhk um hkrxh ucou uch |mfuodh ou`kd ghhur m

hsbhher uch o~~f`bou`mk hqx`hghkur+

Gos`gxg Rt`ubc`kd ^mth

Uch gos`gxg hbmgghkehe rt`ubc`kd ~mthghorxhe `k Touur m \Oucou uch `kuhkof bmkuoburbok t`ucruoke+ Rt`ubc`kd ~mth r bofbxfouhe ap gxfu`~fp`kd uch m~hk'b`bx`u |mfuodh ap uch bfmrhe'b`bx`u bxhku ucou t`ff mt ucmxdc uch `kuhkof bmkuobur+

Hsog~fh9 15 |mfur s +?>> og~r 7 1+5 touur

Ofucmxdc gos`gxg hbmgghkehe bxhku oke gos`gxg hbmgghkehe |mfuodh oh amuc d`|hk&uch gos`gxg ~mth hru`bu`mk xrxoffp hqx`hr f`g`u`kd uch obuxof |ofxhr+ CR@ Rhkr`kd r~hb`bou`mkrchhu ~mth ou`kdr oh lm hr`ru`|h'up~h fmoer+

8

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OB oke EB fmoer

^ms`g`up rhkrmr bok m~houh mk OB m EB fmoer& t`uc uch hsbh~u`mk ml rhkrmr t`uc o u`ob `kruoffhe+@k dhkhof& uch OB gos`gxg |mfuodh r o~~ms`gouhfp 4>( ml uch EB gos`gxg |mfuodh ou`kd+ mthoke bxhku ou`kdr oh hqxof+

G`k`gxg Rt`ubc`kd ^mth

Uch g`k`gxg hbmgghkehe ~mth fh|hf uch bmkuobur khhe lm r`dkof uokrlh+

Bmkuobu Gouh`of |hrxr hlmgokbh

CR@ Rhkr`kd gokxlobuxhr ~ms`g`up rhkrmr t`uc e`hhku kuhkof bmkuobu gouh`ofr kuhkehe um~m|`eh m~u`gof ~hlmgokbh m|h o t`eh |o`hup ml o~~f`bou`mkr+ O xk`|hrof bmkuobu um bm|h uchamoe okdh ml bxhku& |mfuodh oke ~mth fh|hfr emhr kmu hs`ru+ Exhf& Qcme`xg oke Uxkdruhk ohbmkuobu gouh`ofr ucou mh ahkhur um hkcokbh r~hb`b o~~f`bou`mkr+ Rhh mx O~~f`bou`mk Kmuhr9^ms`g`up Rhkrm @kuhkof Bmkuobu hlmgokbh lm oee`u`mkof klmgou`mk+

Fmoe |hrxr F`lhUch f`lh hs~hbuokbp ml o ~ms`g`up rhkrm okdhr lmg mkh cxkehe'ucmxroke um g`ff`mkr ml rt`ubc`kdbpbfhr ou gos`gxg ~mth+ M~hou`mk ml uch kuhkof bmkuobur oam|h uch gos`gxg hfhbu`bofou`kdr bok eogodh uch bmkuobur oke hexbh uch f`lh ml uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm+ F`lh hs~hbuokbp bokah ~mfmkdhe lxuch t`uc `kuhkof bmkuobu ~muhbu`mk ghorxhr+ Rhfhbu`mk ml uch ~m~h bmkuobugouh`of #Qcme`xg& Exhf& m Uxkdruhk) r `g~hou`|h lm bmkuobu ~hlmgokbh+

Uch `kuhkof bmkuobu gouh`of& `kuhkof ougmr~chh& o~~f`he godkhu`b hfe& hfhbu`bof fmoe& okeb`bx`u ~muhbu`mk #`l okp) off co|h ok hhbu mk uch f`lh ml o ~ms`g`up rhkrm+ Lm gmh klmgou`mk mkbcmmr`kd uch o~~m~`ouh ~ms`g`up rhkrm lm uch ahru ~hlmgokbh k pmx o~~f`bou`mk& bmkuobu CR@Rhkr`kd+

Up~hr ml Hfhbuq`bof Fmoer

Uch hfhbu`bof ou`kdr mk CR@ Rhkr`kd r~hb`bou`mk rchhur oh lm hr`ru`|h'up~h fmoer+ Fog~r&bo~ob`u`|h& oke kexbu`|h fmoer uhke um ah gmh ehruxbu`|h oke gop hqx`h rmgh lmg ml uokr`hkum ob rx~~hrr`mk+ CR@ Rhkr`kd cor rh|hof hbmgghkeou`mkr um ~mfmkd uch f`lh ml uch kuhkofbmkuobur oke jhh~ uch fmoe t`uc`k uch |mfuodh m bxhku ou`kdr r~hb`he+ Uc`r klmgou`mk r lmhlhhkbh mkfp+ Obuxof kuhkof bmkuobu ~hlmgokbh g~m|hghku oke-m bmg~ou`a`f`up k ucho~~f`bou`mk rcmxfe ah |h`he+

Qhr`ru`|h FmoerOk hfhbu`bof fmoe kmu co|`kd okp r`dk`boku `kxrc bxhku: ok hfhbu`bof fmoe `k tc`bc |mfuodhr ohbmkr`ruhku+ Tchk o hr`ru`|h fmoe r hkhd`yhe& uch bxhku `rhr `kruokufp um ur ruhoep'ruouh |ofxh&t`ucmxu ru `r`kd um o c`dch |ofxh+

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@kexbu`|h Fmoer

Ok hfhbu`bof fmoe tc`bc `kuhx~ur o fodh ogmxku ml bxhku tchk eh'hkhd`yhe+ @kexbu`|h b`bx`uruhke um bhouh o |mfuodh r~`jh tchk uch b`bx`u hkhdp r e`rr`~ouhe+

Tchk xr`kd o ~ms`g`up rhkrm lm `kexbu`|h fmoer& rxbc or gmumr& hfop bm`fr& rmfhkm`er& m fmkdr`dkof t`hr oke boafhr& uch `kuhkof bmkuobur t`ff ah rxaihbuhe um c`dc `kexbhe |mfuodhr ex`kdm~hk`kd ml uch `kuhkof bmkuobur+ Rxbc c`dc `kexbhe |mfuodhr gop boxrh eogodh um uch up~`bof~ms`g`up rhkrm t`uc Qcme`xg m Exhf bmkuobur& m gop r`dk`bokufp hexbh ur f`lh+ Um t`ucruoke

uchrh kexbu`|h fmoer CR@ Rhkr`kd hbmgghker Uxkdruhk bmkuobur+ Uchrh oh o|o`foafh k Lmg O&Lmg A oke Lmg B ~ms`g`up rhkrm up~hr+

Eh~hke`kd mk uch |ofxh ml uch `kexbuokbh& CR@ Rhkr`kd hbmgghker bmkuobu ~muhbu`mk b`bx`ur rxbcor QB& hr`rumr& m bfog~`kd e`mehr+

Bo~ob`u`|h Fmoer

Ok hfhbu`bof fmoe tc`bc m~houhr mk o fodh ogmxku ml |mfuodh tchk ru hkhd`yhe+

Tchk xr`kd ~ms`g`up rhkrmr lm bo~ob`u`|h fmoer rxbc or bo~ob`umr m fmkd boafh xkr& uch

bmkuobur bok ah rxaihbuhe um c`dc rxdh #`kxrc) bxhku+ Uchhlmh& ~muhbu`|h b`bx`ur rxbc or rxdhrx~~hrrmr m bxhku f`g`u`kd hr`rumr oh hbmgghkehe+

Aor`b Hfhbuq`bof Rb`hkbh Lmqgxfor

^mth 7 \mfur s Og~r #^ 7 \O?) m ^mth 7 Og~r rqxohe s Qhr`ruokbh 7 @1Q

\mfur 7 Og~r s Qhr`ruokbh #\ 7 @Q)

4

7/30/2019 HSI Sensing Proximity Sensor Appliction Notes

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|??1>?1

Bmkuobu muhbu`mk

\r

>

>

@kexbu`|hFmoe

\U

\R

BmkuoburM~hk

U`gh

EB Fmoe& @kexbu`|h Fmoe& E`meh ^qmuhbu`mk

\r 7 \mfuodh Rmxbh

\U 7 Uokr`hku |mfuodh `r hqxof um uch

lmtoe |mfuodh em~ ml uch e`meh+

Kmuh ~mfo`up ml uch e`meh+

Bo~ob`um oke-m Qhr`rum \ofxh Bofbxfou`mk9

\mfuodh 7 \mfuodh ml rmxbh `gghe`ouhfp

~`m um bfmr`kd um bfmr`kd bmkuobur+

\ofxh `k G`bm'looer ixru ~`m um

bmkuobur m~hk`kd Z @ 7 Og~hhr ml

bxhku mt`kd+W

Bo~ob`uokbh

B 7

\r @kexbu`|hFmoe

^ms`g`up Rhkrm

Uokr`hku |mfuodh `r hqxof um uch bxhku mt #og~r) gxfu`~f`he ap uchhr`ruokbh #mcgr)+ Kmuh uch ~mfo`up ml uch e`meh+

\R

BmkuoburM~hk

U`gh

Bxhku

E`meh

Qhr`rum

@kexbu`|h Fmoe& E`meh'Qhr`rumq ^qmuhbu`mk

\r

?) Rh`hr Qhr`rum m @kexbum lm bo~ob`u`|h fog~ m fmkd boafh #m t`h) fmoer

1) Qhr`rum Bo~ob`um ^muhbu`mk lm `kexbu`|h m hr`ru`|h fmoer

Q m F

Fmoe

OB mq EB Fmoer

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\r @kexbu`|hFmoe

\R

BmkuoburM~hk

U`gh

@kexbu`|h Fmoe& Yhkhq E`meh ^qmuhbu`mk&Lhouxq`kd Aobj um Aobj Yhkhq E`meh

\r

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Fmoe

@1

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^ms`g`up Rhkrm

^ms`g`up Rhkrm

^ms`g`up Rhkrm

^ms`g`up Rhkrm

3

7/30/2019 HSI Sensing Proximity Sensor Appliction Notes

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|??1>?1

^ms`g`up Rhkrm Hk|`mkghkuof Bmkr`ehou`mkr

Rh|hof hk|`mkghkuof lobumr rcmxfe ah uojhk kum bmkr`ehou`mk tchk bcmmr`kd m tmj`kdt`uc o ~ms`g`up rhkrm+ Uchrh |o`mxr hk|`mkghkur bok co|h ok g~obu mk cmt uch ~ms`g`uprhkrm ~hlmgr+

Rcmbj oke \`aou`mk

Q`rj lobumr um bmkr`eh `k c`dc rcmbj oke |`aou`mk o~~f`bou`mkr `kbfxeh9

h~msp up~h ruo`k mk uch t`hr t`h r`yh oke up~h cmxr`kd gouh`of gmxku`kd rxlobh gmxku`kd ghucmer

Lm orr`ruokbh k bcmmr`kd uch o~~m~`ouh gouh`ofr lm m~u`gof ~hlmgokbh k pmx o~~f`bou`mk&~fhorh bmkuobu CR@ Rhkr`kd+

Rh|hh rcmbj m |`aou`mk bok bcokdh uch godkhu`b rhkr`u`|`up ml o ~ms`g`up rhkrm m hkeh `ukmk'lxkbu`mkof+ @k rh|hh borhr& o bobj `k uch dforr bo~rxfh ml uch `kuhkof hhe rt`ubc gop mbbx+Em~~`kd o ~ms`g`up rhkrm gop boxrh rcmbj eogodh um uch `kuhkof hhe rt`ubc+

Rhh Qhhe Rt`ubc Cokef`kd @kruxbu`mkr lm oee`u`mkof `klmgou`mk+

Uchgof

^ms`g`up rhkrmr oh gokxlobuxhe xr`kd |o`mxr cmxr`kd& t`h-boafh& ~muu`kd& oke`krxfou`kd gouh`ofr+ Off ml uchrh gouh`ofr co|h uch` mtk ~hlmgokbh bo~oa`f`u`hr khfou`mk um uchgof hqx`hghkur+

Boxu`mk gxru ah uojhk lm hobc o~~f`bou`mk um o|m`e uchgof rcmbj tchk uokr`u`mk`kd lmghsuhgh chou um hsuhgh bmfe+ @l m~hou`kd kho m oam|h uch hbmgghkehe gos`gxg uhg~houxh&~mth oke bxhku ou`kdr rcmxfe ah h|ofxouhe+ Qh|`ht ~ms`g`up rhkrm r~hb`bou`mk rchhur lmhbmgghkehe rumodh oke m~hou`kd uhg~houxhr+

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Godkhu`b @kuhlhhkbh

^ms`g`up rhkrmr oh ehr`dkhe um hobu um o r~hb`b godkhu`b r`dkof& up~`boffp lmg o bmhr~mke`kdobuxoum+ Tchk uch ~hrhkbh ml okmuch godkhu`b hfe hkuhr t`uc`k uch m~hou`mkof okdh& uchhr~mkrh ml uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm bok bcokdh& boxr`kd lofrh m~hou`mk& lofrh hfhorh& m km lxkbu`mk+Bmkr`ehou`mk rcmxfe ah d`|hk um uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm o~~f`bou`mk oke rxmxke`kd hk|`mkghku umo|m`e kuhlhhkbh ap much godkhu`b rmxbhr+ Hsog~fhr ml uchrh rmxbhr kbfxeh axu kmu f`g`uhe um

much godkhur& bm`fr& gmumr& thfe im`kur& bo~ob`umr& hr`rumr& aouuh`hr& oke hfopr+

Lhmxr Bmg~mkhkur

Bmg~mkhkur bmkuo`k`kd lhmxr gouh`ofr k uch gghe`ouh oho ml uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm bok kbhorhm ehbhorh uch godkhu`b xs hqx`he um m~houh uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm+ Uchrh bmg~mkhkur bok`kuhlhh t`uc ~ms`g`up rhkrm lxkbu`mk+ Bohlxf bmkr`ehou`mk rcmxfe ah d`|hk um uch fmbou`mk ml uch~ms`g`up rhkrm um o|m`e kuhlhhkbh ap much lhmxr rmxbhr+ Hsog~fhr ml uchrh rmxbhr kbfxehaxu kmu f`g`uhe um hr`rumr& bo~ob`umr& `kexbumr& rbhtr& amfur& kxur& aobjhur& gmxku`kd rxlobhr okecmxr`kdr+

Bchg`bof

^ms`g`up rhkrmr oh gokxlobuxhe xr`kd |o`mxr cmxr`kd& t`h-boafh& ~muu`kd& oke krxfou`kdgouh`ofr+ Off ml uchrh gouh`ofr co|h uch` mtk ~hlmgokbh ruhkducr oke thojkhrrhr lm bchg`bofhr`ruokbh+

Bmkr`ehou`mk rcmxfe ah d`|hk tchk bcmmr`kd o~~m~`ouh gouh`ofr lm o bchg`bof hk|`mkghku+

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^ms`g`up Rhkrm Cokef`kd

^m~h cokef`kd& gmxku`kd& oke rumodh ml o ~ms`g`up rhkrm `r b`u`bof um hhbu`|h m~hou`mk+ O~ms`g`up rhkrm bok ah eogodhe ap `g~m~h gmxku`kd& em~~`kd m much g~obu+ CR@ Rhkr`kd corphor ml hs~h`hkbh cokef`kd ~ms`g`up rhkrmr oke cor eh|hfm~he rh|hof ahru ~obu`bhr+

Cokef`kd& Em~& Rcmbj& \`aou`mk Tok`kdr

Hsbhrr`|h ~cpr`bof rcmbj bok ofuh uch rhkr`u`|`up ml uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm+ @u bok ofrm eogodh uch dforrbo~rxfh ml uch hhe rt`ubc `kr`eh uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm& boxr`kd o fmrr ml uch chghu`b rhof oke ucxrehbhor`kd uch xrhlxf f`lh ml uch ~ms`g`up rhkrm+ Hsbhrr`|h |`aou`mk bok ofrm boxrh dforr eogodh mbcokdhr um uch godkhu`b rhkr`u`|`up+

Oluh o ~ms`g`up rhkrm cor ahhk em~~he m cor ahhk rxaihbu um hsbhrr`|h ~cpr`bof rcmbj m|`aou`mk& oftopr uhru uch rhkrm+ Gojh rxh off bcoobuh`ru`br oh t`uc`k uch obbh~uoafh f`g`ur+

Gokp rhkrmr lhouxh exof ~muu`kd bmg~mxker+ Mkh r r`f`bmkh'aorhe um g~m|h rcmbj oke |`aou`mk

~hlmgokbh& oke uch much `r ehr`dkhe lm ruhkduc oke rhof`kd mxu uch hk|`mkghku+ Bmkrxfu CR@Rhkr`kd l pmx o~~f`bou`mk hqx`hr hsuhgh ~hlmgokbh+

^`kuhe B`bx`u Amoe Gmxku`kd

CR@ Rhkr`kd ~`mkhhhe uch ghucmemfmdp lm gmxku`kd hhe rt`ubc orrhgaf`hr um ~`kuhe b`bx`uamoer #~ouhku kxgah 8&40

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Rumodh

Tchk rum`kd ~ms`g`up rhkrmr& o|m`e ohor ucou hs~h`hkbh o o~`e uchgof bcokdh+ Ofrm o|m`erum`kd kho godkhu`b hfer+ Ok mrb`ffou`kd hfe& rxbc or o uokrlmgh& bmxfe obu`|ouh uch ~ms`g`uprhkrm oke tho u mxu ~hgouxhfp+ O fodh& she godkhu`b hfe cmfe`kd kmgoffp'm~hk exhfbmkuobur ml o ~ms`g`up rhkrm bfmrhe lm hsuhkehe ~h`mer ml u`gh gop ~h|hku uch `kuhkof bmkuoburlmg hfhor`kd ~m~hfp+ Rhh CR@ Rhkr`kd r~hb`bou`mk rchhur lm ~m~h rumodh uhg~houxh

hbmgghkeou`mkr+

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^ms`g`up Rhkrm @kuhkof Bmkuobu ^hlmgokbh

CR@ Rhkr`kd uojhr dhou boh tchk rhfhbu`kd uch `kuhkof hhe rt`ubc ~fou`kd gouh`of ml o ~ms`g`uprhkrm um hkrxh ucou `u lxkbu`mkr ~m~hfp `k uch kof o~~f`bou`mk+ Hobc gouh`of cor `ur mtk xk`qxhrhu ml ahkhur ucou ohbu uch top o ~ms`g`up rhkrm ~hlmgr+

CR@ Rhkr`kd mhr ~ms`g`up rhkrmr t`uc uchrh `kuhkof bmkuobu m~u`mkr9

Q Qcme`xg

O kmafh ghuof bmkuobu gouh`of kuhkehe lm fmt um g`eokdh ~mth fh|hf b`bx`ur#+>? touur um 18 touur)

C`dc exoa`f`up oke tho hr`ruokbh Ghbcok`boffp bo~oafh ml x~ um a`ff`mkr ml bpbfhr xkeh kmgof m~hou`kd bmke`u`mkr Qcme`xg cor o c`dch ~mth ou`kd ucok Qxuchk`xg CR@ hbmgghker Qcme`xg bmkuobur lm o~~f`bou`mkr ucou hgo`k bfmrhe lm fmkd ~h`mer

ml u`gh

E Exqhf

E`xrhe bm~~h ~fou`kd ~o`he t`uc o uhouhe 81 offmp ucou CR@ Rhkr`kd ehr`dkouhr or Exhf @kuhkehe lm |hp fmt ~mth fh|hf b`bx`ur #fhrr ucok ? touu) Bok dm `kum uch g`ff`mkr ml bpbfhr CR@ hbmgghker Exhf bmkuobur lm o~~f`bou`mkr ucou oh k uch kmgoffp m~hk ruouh

T Uxkdruhk

Rmf`e Uxkdruhk bmkuobur

C`dchru ~mth fh|hf bmkuobu gouh`of o|o`foafh #2 touur um 1>> touur) C`dc |mfuodh ou`kd Qouhe lm rt`ubc`kd `kexbu`|h oke bo~ob`u`|h fmoer

Bmouhe Uxkdruhk bmkuobur C`dc ~mth fh|hf bmou`kd #? touur um 8> touur) C`dchru |mfuodh ou`kd

C`dc exoa`f`up oke tho hr`ruokbh @kuhkehe lm g`eokdh um c`dc ~mth fh|hf b`bx`ur Uxkdruhk bmkuobur t`uc`k o |obxxg ougmr~chh bok rt`ubc x~ um 1>> Touur& ?>&>>> \mfur

EB& m 2 Og~r Bok dm `kum uch g`ff`mkr ml bpbfhr

Uxkdruhk bmkuobur t`uc`k o ~hrrx`yhe dor ougmr~chh bok rt`ubc x~ um ?>> Touur& 8>> \mfur&m 2 Og~r

CR@ hbmgghker Uxkdruhk bmkuobur lm o~~f`bou`mkr ucou hgo`k bfmrhe lm fmkd ~h`merml u`gh

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Um hkrxh ucou pmx oh dhuu`kd uch ahru ~fou`kd m bmou`kd lm pmx o~~f`bou`mk& ~fhorh bmkrxfu`ke`|`exof ~mexbu r~hb`bou`mk rchhur oke uchk CR@ Rhkr`kd ruo+ Obuxof bmkuobu ~hlmgokbh gop|op eh~hke`kd mk uch rt`ubc`kd ~mth fmoe+ Ap rhfhbu`kd uch o~~m~`ouh rt`ubc& t`h& oke cmxr`kd&CR@ Rhkr`kd bok bxrumg hkd`khh ~ms`g`up rhkrmr ucou obc`h|h c`dch |mfuodh ou`kdr um goubcpmx ehr`he |mfuodh r~hb`bou`mkr+

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^ms`g`up Rhkrm Uhru`kd

Lm ruokeoe uhru`kd ghucmer& rhh O~~f`bou`mk Kmuhr9 ^ms`g`up Rhkrm M~hou`mk+ Uchrh ghucmer`kbfxeh m~houh& hfhorh& obuxoum of`dkghku& godkhu`b m|he`|h& g`ff`'Uhrfo& oke bmkuobu hr`ruokbh+

Uch lmffmt`kd uhrur bok ah ~hlmghe ap CR@ Rhkr`kd oke oh mxur`eh ml mx ruokeoe uhru`kdghucmer+

\mfuodh Ahojemtk

Uc`r uhru ghorxhr uch |mfuodh fh|hf o rt`ubc bok t`ucruoke obmrr `ur m~hk bmkuobur t`ucmxuhsbhrr`|h fhojodh bxhku+ Uc`r uhru bok ah emkh k OB oke-m EB |mfuodh+

@krxfou`mk Qhr`ruokbh

Uc`r uhru ghorxhr uch EB hr`ruokbh obmrr uch m~hk bmkuobur& ghorxhe `k Mcgr t`uc ok mcg'ghuh oke uch rt`ubc k o eh'hkhd`yhe ruouh+ Uch uhru |mfuodh r up~`boffp ?>> \mfur+

Dmxke`kd

CR@ Rhkr`kd bok bchbj o ~ms`g`up rhkrm ucou bmkuo`kr o t`h bmkkhbuhe um uch ghuof cmxr`kdlm ~m~h dmxke`kd+ Hfhbu`bof rmfou`mk um off much `kuhkof ~ms`g`up rhkrm bmg~mkhkur r ofrm|of`eouhe+

Bxrumgh'R~hb`l`b Uhru`kd

CR@ Rhkr`kd bok h~f`bouh uhru`kd o rhkrm k uch hke'xrh o~~f`bou`mk lm ?>>( bmg~f`okbh+

CR@ Rhkr`kd hkd`khh`kd ruobok ofrm orr`ru `k m ehr`dk bxrumg uhru hqx`~ghku+

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^ms`g`up Rhkrm Bmg~mkhkur

CR@ Rhkr`kd xrhr gokp ruokeoe bmg~mkhkur `k uchgokxlobux`kd ml ~ms`g`up rhkrmr+ CR@ Rhkr`kd ~m|`ehrhkd`khh`kd rh|`bhr um ehr`dk bxrumg bmg~mkhkur uo`fmheum pmx r~hb`b o~~f`bou`mk khher& m th bok ax`fe aorhe x~mkpmx hs`ru`kd bmg~mkhku ehr`dkr+

Cmxr`kdr

^ms`g`up rhkrmr bok bmgh `k o t`eh |o`hup ml rco~hr oke r`yhr+

Rco~hr

Qhbuokdfh Uxaxfo Rqxoh

Uchoehe Lfokdhr M|hgmfehe um bxrumg u r~hb`b o~~f`bou`mk khher

Gouhq`ofr

CR@ Rhkr`kd xrhr |o`mxr gouh`ofr lm hsuhkof cmxr`kdr+ Uchrh `kbfxeh axu oh kmu f`g`uhe um9

^foru`b OAR& \ofms& CpRmf& ^hhj& ^forjmk 4& Speo& Fhsok& Qpumk& Lmumk& Ehf`k& m~`mkouh&H~msp Dforr #^chkmf`b)&

Ruhhf R`kuhhe& 2>> Rh`hr Ruo`kfhrr

Ofxg`kxg Aorr

Obbhfhqouhe Ehr`dk

CR@ Rhkr`kd cor uch oa`f`up um o~`efp ~mumup~h oke gobc`kh cmxr`kdr mk o f`g`uhe'xk aor`r um chf~obbhfhouh uch ehr`dk ~mbhrr+

T`h-Boafh

CR@ Rhkr`kd xrhr gokp e`hhku up~hr& fhkducr& doxdhr& oke bmfmr ml t`hoke boafhr+ Th xu`f`yh amuc kexrup ruokeoe oke r~hb`ofup t`h up~hroke gouh`ofr+ Bmkuobu CR@ Rhkr`kd bxrumg hkd`khh`kd ruolm gmh`klmgou`mk hdoe`kd o|o`foafh m~u`mkr+

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Eh~hke`kd mk o~~f`bou`mk hqx`hghkur& uch lmffmt`kd up~hr ml t`h bok ah xu`f`yhe9 Ruokehe@krxfouhe T`h& Kmk @krxfouhe Rmf`e T`h& m Gxfu` Bmkexbum Boafh+ Doxdhr ml t`h okdh lmg ? OTD+

^`kr oke Bmkkhbumr

CR@ Rhkr`kd bok `kruoff |o`mxr up~hr ml ~`kr& bmkkhbumr oke uhg`kof afmbjr+ Bmkuobu CR@ Rhkr`kd

bxrumg hkd`khh`kd ruolm gmh klmgou`mk hdoe`kd o|o`foafh m~u`mkr+

^muu`kd

CR@ Rhkr`kd bok xrh o |o`hup ml h~msp gouh`ofr eh~hke`kd mkpmx o~~f`bou`mk+

Gouhq`ofr

R`f`bmkh o rmlu ~muu`kd gouh`of um ~muhbu uch `kuhkof

bmg~mkhkur lmg rcmbj& |`aou`mk& uchgof hs~okr`mk&oke gm`ruxh+ Emt Bmk`kd DH R`f`bmkhr

Coqe H~msp Qhr`k o coe ~muu`kd gouh`of lm rhbx`up oke amke`kd ruhkduc um rhbxh t`hum cmxr`kd oke rhof mxu uch hk|`mkghku

Epgos Hghrmk oke Bxg`kd Qmpof Oechr`|hr Ogrumkd Ohg`bm

2G Oechr`|h cmfer bmg~mkhkur `k ~fobh oke `r xrhe um rhof mxu uch hk|`mkghku

Fmbu`uh ^hgoamke 2G Epgos X\ Oechr`|hr

Rmfeh

CR@ Rhkr`kd ghhur I'Ruokeoe rmfeh hqx`hghkur mk hqxhruhe

o~~f`bou`mkr+

CR@ Rhkr`kd xu`f`yhr QmCR bmg~f`oku ^a #fhoe) lhh rmfeh #Rk 0& Bx >+8)+ Th ofrm xrh much up~hr ml rmfeh tchk hqxhruhe& rxbc oruch lmffmt`kd9 -5> Rk-^a& 0>-?> Rk-^a& Rk 08& Rk 0?1

Chou Rc`kj& Uxa`kd

CR@ Rhkr`kd tmjr t`uc gmh ucok 1> j`ker ml chou rc`kj oke uxa`kd gouh`ofr lm `krxfou`mk mboafh-t`h gojhr+ Bmkuobu CR@ Rhkr`kd bxrumg hkd`khh`kd ruolm gmh klmgou`mk hdoe`kdo|o`foafh m~u`mkr+

Thfe`kd

Lm c`dc'uhg~houxh o~~f`bou`mkr& CR@ Rhkr`kd hbmgghkerxr`kd o thfe`kd rfhh|h um amke uch t`h oke rt`ubc umdhuch+

CR@ Rhkr`kd xrhr xfuormk`b thfe`kd um ~hrr cmxr`kdr oke f`erumdhuch mk hqxhruhe o~~f`bou`mkr+ oke cor uch bo~oa`f`up umthfe rxlobh gmxku aor oke uoar um ~ms`g`up rhkrmr+

^objod`kd

CR@ Rhkr`kd xrhr uch ahru ~mrr`afh ~objod`kd um hkrxh ucou mehro`|h `k ~`ru`kh bmke`u`mk+ Rmgh ml mx ~objod`kd m~u`mkr lm~ms`g`up rhkrmr oh9

Uo~h oke Qhhf Lmog Afmbjr Y`~ Fmbj Aodr Amshr

^`ku`kd oke Hkdo|`kd

CR@ Rhkr`kd bok ~`ku m hkdo|h okpuc`kd ucou t`ff u mk ucho~~f`bou`mk cmxr`kd kbfxe`kd& kxgahr& fhuuhr& oke rpgamfr+Hsog~fhr ml mx bo~oa`f`u`hr kbfxeh9

@kj Ihu ^`ku`kd Afxh Tc`uh

Forh Hkdo|`kd Ghbcok`bof Hkdo|`kd

Fhoe Lhh

CR@ Rhkr`kd t`ff xu`f`yh fhoe lhh QmCR bmg~f`oku bmg~mkhkur tchkh|h~mrr`afh+ Rhh mx r~hb`bou`mk rchhur lm ehuo`fr+

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XF& BRO& OUHS& Mxur`eh Foar

CR@ Rhkr`kd bok xu`f`yh mxur`eh foar um bhu`lp mx ~mexbur+ Th co|h bxrumghr t`uc gxfu`~fhbhu`bou`mkr oke bok obbmggmeouh hsuhkof oxe`ur lmg uch bhu`lp`kd hku`up+ Bmkuobu CR@ Rhkr`kdbxrumg hkd`khh`kd ruolm gmh klmgou`mk hdoe`kd bhu`bou`mk oke mxur`eh foa uhru`kd+

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2?>> KMQDH QMOE& BC@BJORCO& MJFOCMGO 42>?3 v ^CMKH 5>8+115+5>5< v LOS 5>8+115+0512 v CR@RHKR@KD+BMG