HSI 3.06 functions disorders of integumentary system · Functions of the integumentary system What...
Transcript of HSI 3.06 functions disorders of integumentary system · Functions of the integumentary system What...
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Essential Questions:
� What are the functions of the integumentary system?
� What are some disorders of the integumentary system?
� How are integumentary system disorders treated?
� How do you relate the integumentary system to the body’s communication systems?
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Functions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary system� What are the 7 functions of
the skin?� Protection
� Regulate body temperature
� Manufacture vitamin D
� Touch reception
� Provide temporary storage of fat, glucose, H2O, and salts
� Screen out harmful ultraviolet radiation
� Absorb certain drugs and chemical substances
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Functions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary system� EPIDERMISEPIDERMISEPIDERMISEPIDERMIS
� 2 Layers:� Stratum corneum: Consists of dead cells
rich in keratin� Keratin: a protein that provides a
waterproof covering
� Stratum germinativum: Undergoes continuous cell division� Constantly reproducing and replacing cells
� What do melanocytes do?� Produce melanin that affect skin color
� What is a major function of intact skin?� Protection
� The continuous replacement of cells is important to allowing quick repair in an injury
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Functions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary system
�EPIDERMISEPIDERMISEPIDERMISEPIDERMIS� Why are some people dark and others fair?
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Functions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary system
�DERMISDERMISDERMISDERMIS� How is the dermis different
from the epidermis in its function? � Holds many structures that are
important for function
� Allows flexibility and movement
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Functions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary system
�SUBCUTANEOUS SUBCUTANEOUS SUBCUTANEOUS SUBCUTANEOUS LAYERLAYERLAYERLAYER� HYPODERMAL LAYER
HYPO- DERMAL
� What are the benefits of the subcutaneous layer of skin?� Contains the fat cells that are
needed to provide padding and protection of the deeper tissues of the body.
� Insulation for temperature regulation
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Functions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary system�HAIRHAIRHAIRHAIR
� What is the function of hair? � To look pretty!! ☺ (no, not really!)
� To provide warmth and protection
� What factors influence hair type and color?� The cortex contains pigment
granules
� A round follicle makes straight hair
� A flat follicle makes curly hair
� What happens to your hair when you are cold? Why?� The arrector pili muscle is stimulated
and contract the skin around the hair, making it stand up; goosebumps
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�NAILSNAILSNAILSNAILS� Matrix: where the nail is
formed
� Some disease conditions may be revealed by the color of a person’s nails.
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Functions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary system
�GLANDSGLANDSGLANDSGLANDS� Sudoriferous glands
� Sweat glands
� Why does sweat smell bad?� Sweat is 99% water, but when
mixed with the bacteria on the skin, giving off a strong smell
� Sebaceous glands� Secrete sebum (oil) which
lubricates skin
� Can block pores and produce
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Pimple
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� What are the functions of the skin?
� What structures are involved in these functions?
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review
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The skin has remarkable ability to heal itself.
How does this happen?
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Disorders of the integumentary systemDisorders of the integumentary systemDisorders of the integumentary systemDisorders of the integumentary system
ACNE VULGARIS: ACNE VULGARIS: ACNE VULGARIS: ACNE VULGARIS: � A disorder of the sebaceous glands.
� The sebaceous glands secrete
excess oil or sebum, which is
deposited at the openings of the
glands
� How is it treated?
� Topical medications
� antibiotics
� Can it be prevented?
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ATHLETE’S FOOTATHLETE’S FOOTATHLETE’S FOOTATHLETE’S FOOT
� What causes athlete’s foot?� A contagious fungal infection
� How is it treated?� Thorough cleansing and drying
affected area� Antifungal powders
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BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:� First-degree: Involves only the
epidermis� Symptoms: redness, swelling, and
pain
� Second-degree: Involves the epidermis and dermis� Symptoms: redness swelling and
pain � Third-degree: Involves complete
destruction of the epidermis, dermis, and the subcutaneous layers� Symptoms: loss of skin, blackened
skin, possibly no pain.� Life threatening
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BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:
� First-degree
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BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:
� Second degree
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BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:
� Third-degree
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BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:
� Compare the
different
degrees of
burns.
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Disorders Disorders Disorders Disorders of the integumentary systemof the integumentary systemof the integumentary systemof the integumentary system
BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:BURNS:
RULE OF NINESRULE OF NINESRULE OF NINESRULE OF NINES
� Used to quickly
assess percentage
of body surface
burned.
� Can be used to
determine extent of
treatment needed.
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DERMATITIS/ECZEMADERMATITIS/ECZEMADERMATITIS/ECZEMADERMATITIS/ECZEMA� dermat- -itis
� What is dermatitis? Inflammation of the skin. It is non-specific
� How are dermatitis and eczema similar? Eczema is also an inflammatory skin disease.
� What is the treatment? Dermatitis is treated with washing the area, applying topical ointments to reduce inflammation.
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HERPESHERPESHERPESHERPES
Herpes simplex virus� Two types of HSV:
� HSV type 1: cold sore� HSV type 2 : genital herpes
� How is it spread? � Type 1 is spread by direct contact.� Type 2 is spread by sexual contact
� What is the prognosis? It is your foe for life.
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IMPETIGOIMPETIGOIMPETIGOIMPETIGO� What two bacteria cause
impetigo?� Staphylococcus� Streptococcus
� How is it treated?� Topical antibacterial cream� Oral antibiotics
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PSORIASISPSORIASISPSORIASISPSORIASIS
� Describe this picture.� What is the treatment?
� No real treatment� Moisturizers to keep skin
soft
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RINGWORMRINGWORMRINGWORMRINGWORM� How is it spread?
� Direct contact with the parasitic fungus
� What causes ringworm?� Fungus
� What is the medical term?� Tinea Corporis
� How is it treated?� Antifungal drugs
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Two examples of ringwormHow would this be diagnosed?
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SCABIES SCABIES SCABIES SCABIES
� What is the cause of scabies? Mites that burrow into the skin to lay eggs.
� Is it contagious? Yes, it can be spread from direct contact.
� How is it treated? A medicated topical cream
� How is it prevented? Seek treatment right away
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SHINGLES SHINGLES SHINGLES SHINGLES
� What is the cause of shingles?The varicella virus
� Is it contagious? YES!
� Who is most at risk? It is especially serious in the elderly or debilitated.
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SKIN CANCERSKIN CANCERSKIN CANCERSKIN CANCER
� What are the risk factors for developing skin cancer?� Exposure to ultraviolet light
� Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in people
� How can it be prevented?
� Three types:� Basal cell carcinoma � Squamous cell carcinoma� Malignant melanoma
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SKIN CANCERSKIN CANCERSKIN CANCERSKIN CANCER
Basal cell carcinoma� Most common type and least malignant
� Where does it usually form?� Abnormal cells start in the epidermis
and extend to dermis or subcutaneous layer
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SKIN CANCERSKIN CANCERSKIN CANCERSKIN CANCER
Squamous cell carcinoma
� Arises from the epidermis
� Occurs most often on the scalp and lower lip
� Grows rapidly and metastasizes to the lymph nodes
� Chances for recovery good if found early.
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SKIN CANCER SKIN CANCER SKIN CANCER SKIN CANCER
Malignant melanoma� How is malignant melanoma
different from the other skin cancers?� It is a cancer of the melanocytes
� Metastasize to other areas quickly
� A brown or black patch that appears suddenly
� How are skin cancers treated?� Surgical removal
� In some cases, chemotherapy
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SKIN LESIONS:SKIN LESIONS:SKIN LESIONS:SKIN LESIONS:
� Macule: change in skin color (i.e. freckle)
� Pustule: A pus filled vesicle (i.e. acne)
� Papule: solid elevated lesion
� Ulcer: A depressed lesion of the epidermis (i.e. Pressure ulcer)
� Vesicle: fluid filled bump (blister)
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Disorders of the integumentary systemDisorders of the integumentary systemDisorders of the integumentary systemDisorders of the integumentary systemSKIN LESIONS:SKIN LESIONS:SKIN LESIONS:SKIN LESIONS:Compare these types of skin lesions.
Macule
Papule
Pustule
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Vesicle
Ulcer
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SKIN LESION:SKIN LESION:SKIN LESION:SKIN LESION:
DECUBITUS ULCERDECUBITUS ULCERDECUBITUS ULCERDECUBITUS ULCER� What is an ulcer? A lesion of the
epidermis and upper layer of the dermis
� What are decubitus ulcers? Bedsores. Due to constant pressure against the area.
� How can they be prevented? Frequent turning and repositioning
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WARTS WARTS WARTS WARTS � What causes warts? An infection
caused by the human papilloma virus.
� Are they contagious? Yes. Can be spread by coming in contact with a wart on another person’s body or touching surfaces that touched someone’s warts such as towels or bath mats.
� Can they be prevented? Skin warts can’t be prevented, but precautions can be taken such as washing hands frequently.
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There are many different types!
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Essential Questions:Essential Questions:Essential Questions:Essential Questions:
� What are the functions of the integumentary system?
� What are some disorders of the integumentary system?
� How are integumentary system disorders treated?
� How do you relate the integumentary system to the body’s communication systems?
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