Hrm-health and Safety

8/6/2019 Hrm-health and Safety

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Promote and maintain the highest degree of physical ,

social and mental well being of workers.

Improve productivity and quality of work.

Reduce accidents, injuries, absenteeism and laborturnover.

Protect workers against any health hazard arising out of

work or conditions in which it is carried out.


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Background

Safety hazards can cause immediate, violentharm or even death

Poorly maintained equipment

Unsafe machinery

Exposure to hazardous chemicals

Potential injuries:

Loss of hearing

Loss of eyesight or body parts

Cuts, sprains, burns, bruises, broken bones

Electric shock


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Background

Health hazards slowly and cumulatively lead todeterioration of health

Physical and biological hazards

Toxic and carcinogenic dusts and chemicals

Stressful working conditions

These can cause:

Cancer

Heavy-metal or other poisoning

Respiratory disease

Psychological disorders, such as depression


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Background

Safety and health hazards can harm non-employees

Poisonous gas leaked from a Union Carbide plant

in Bhopal, India, killing 3,000 people and injuring

300,000 Thousands have contracted

respiratory diseases after

contact with asbestos


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Causes of Accidents and Illnesses

Major causes of occupational accidents: Tasks

Working conditions

Nature of the employees

Causes related to the task and working

conditions:

Poorly designed or repaired machines

Lack of protective equipment

Dangerous chemicals or gases


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Other conditions that contribute to accidents:

Fatigue

Noise

Lack of proper lighting

Boredom

Horseplay and fighting


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Employees who have more accidents than theaverage (accident repeaters)

Under 30 years of age

Poor psychomotor and perceptual skills

Impulsive Easily bored

Few experts believe that attitudinal causes of

accidents significantly influence accident

rates

We must know more about accident-proneness before

attempting to screen out accident-prone persons


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Organizational Responses to Issues

Approaches to improving the safety ofworking conditions:

Prevention and design

Inspection and research

Training and motivation


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Safety Design/Preventative Approaches

Design more safety into the workplace thoughsafety engineering

Make jobs more comfortable, less confusing, and

less fatiguing

Slow down the speed of an assembly line Add protective guards to machinery

Use color coding in dangerous areas


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Inspection, Reporting, Accident Research

Inspecting the workplace can reduceaccidents and illnesses:

Are safety rules being observed?

How many near misses have occurred?

Are safety guards, protective equipment, and so on

being used?

Are there potential hazards in the workplace that

safety redesign can improve?

Are there potential health hazards?


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Safety Training and Motivation Programs

Safety training is often part of orientation It also occurs throughout the employees career

Studies of the effectiveness are mixed Some methods are more effective than others

Others contend that success is due to the perception that

management really believes in safety training

Some studies find that the programs make employees more

aware of safety, but not safer in their behavior


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One way of defining health is to saythat it is the absence of disease Employees can be put at risk because of:

x Physical and biological hazards

xToxic and cancer-causing dusts and chemicalsx Stressful work conditions

A more informative definition ofhealth is a state of physical, mental,

and social well-being An employees health can be harmed through

disease, accident, or stress


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The Factories Act

The Indian Electricity Act

The PesticidesA

ctThe Boiler Act

The Environment Protection Act etc.


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Legal provisions regarding health( section 11 to 20,Factories Act, 1948)

Cleanliness

Wastes Ventilation and temperature Dust and fumes Artificial humidification Overcrowding Lighting

Drinking water Latrines and urinals Spittoons


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Establishing a safety policy

Ensuring top management support

Creating safety committees

Promoting safety discipline

Instituting safety engineering procedures

Offering safety training

Investigating reasons for accidents

Evaluating safety efforts


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Fencing Of Machinery Working On Or Near Machinery In Motion Employment Of Young Persons Striking Gear And Devices For Cutting Off Power

SelfA

cting Machines Casing Of New Machinery Employment Of Women, Children Near Cotton

Openers Hoists And Lifts Lifting Machines, Chains And Ropes

Revolving Machinery Pressure Plant


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Floors, Stairs And Means ofAccess

Pits, Sumps, Openings In Floors

Excessive Weights

Protection ofE

yes Dangerous Fumes And Gases

Precautions With Regard To Portable Electrical Light

Explosive or Inflammable Gas or Dust

Precautions In Case of Fire

Safety of Building And Machinery Safety Officers


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TCS established a gym and meditation center for helpingemployees to combat stress. It also initiated healthcampaign for its employees for spreading awareness aboutcorrect sitting postures. Further, the company also initiatedresearch about radiation impact due to increased usage ofcomputers on its employees. The company organized

workshops on stress management for group leaders tocreate awareness about the impact of employee stress.

HCL Infosystems organizes lectures on the stressmanagement and importance of positive and healthy living.

IT&T re-designed office furniture according toE

rgonomicsand also introduced 'break out method' - allowingemployees to take two - three breaks before lunch hour.


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Many companies provide assistance to their employeesto balance their work and home. For example,companies like - HP, IBM, Cisco etc. help employees byproviding emergency baby sitters, take out food, andlaundry services.

Companies have recognized the need to take preventive

care about employee stress. For instance - IndianAirlines, State Bank of India, Onida, Tata Group and BSES(Reliance Energy) etc., focus on the executive healthmanagement. These companies conduct regular

workshops on the stress management, diabetics,hypertension and cardiac care during office hours.

Many companies, in association with healthcare majors

such as - Apollo Hospitals, Wockhardt and Hinduja,provide complete medical checkup for their employees. HSBC employees enjoy salsa dance in their Mumbai

office every evening as a means of combating stress.

Hrm-health and Safety

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