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HQ test at CERN: overview and protection studies
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HQ test at CERN: overview and protection studies H. Bajas 02/09/2012 H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results
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HQ test at CERN: overview and protection studies. H. Bajas. OUTLINE. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K Ramp rate study Final test main results. OUTLINE. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K Ramp rate study Final test main results. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K. 16,216 kA 184 T/m. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of HQ test at CERN: overview and protection studies
HQ test at CERN:
overview and protection studies
H. Bajas
02/09/2012 H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results
I. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K
II. Ramp rate study
III. Final test main results
OUTLINE
I. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K
II. Ramp rate study
III. Final test main results
OUTLINE
I. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K Short sample limitT [K] 4.2 1.9
Ic [kA] 17.3 19G [T/m] 196 215
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 7013000
13500
14000
14500
15000
15500
16000
16500
17000
Quench number [-]
Iq [
A]
1st & 2nd cooldown 3rd cooldown
4
16,216 kA184 T/m
14,681 kA
Nominal current14900 A
H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results 5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 7070
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
4.2 K | 20 A/s LBNL) 4.2 K | 20 A/s (CERN)1.9 K | 13 A/s 1.9 K | 50->20 A/s1.9 K | 50->20->5 A/s 1.9 K | 50-20-5 | 10 min plt.1.9 K | 50-20-5 | 2 min plt. 4.2 K | 50-20-5 | 2 min plt.
Quench number [-]
Iq/I
ss[%
]II. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K
1st & 2nd cooldown 3rd cooldown
Normalisation to short sample limitHQ01e performance: 85 % Iss
02/09/2012
H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results 6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 7070
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
4.2 K | 20 A/s LBNL) 4.2 K | 20 A/s (CERN)1.9 K | 13 A/s 1.9 K | 50->20 A/s1.9 K | 50->20->5 A/s 1.9 K | 50-20-5 | 10 min plt.1.9 K | 50-20-5 | 2 min plt. 4.2 K | 50-20-5 | 2 min plt.
Quench number [-]
Iq/I
ss[%
]II. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K
1st & 2nd cooldown 3rd cooldown
Importance of the way one goes to quench current: need plateau.
02/09/2012
H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results 7
II. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 7070
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
4.2 K | 20 A/s LBNL) 4.2 K | 20 A/s (CERN)1.9 K | 13 A/s 1.9 K | 50->20 A/s1.9 K | 50->20->5 A/s 1.9 K | 50-20-5 | 10 min plt.1.9 K | 50-20-5 | 2 min plt. 4.2 K | 50-20-5 | 2 min plt.
Quench number [-]
Iq/I
ss[%
]
1st & 2nd cooldown 3rd cooldown
17 Miits
No inner PHs12.2 Miits
18.3 Miits
16,216 kA
13.2 Miits
14,681 kA
14,050 kA
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H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results 8
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 7070
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
4.2 K | 20 A/s LBNL) 4.2 K | 20 A/s (CERN)1.9 K | 13 A/s 1.9 K | 50->20 A/s1.9 K | 50->20->5 A/s 1.9 K | 50-20-5 | 10 min plt.1.9 K | 50-20-5 | 2 min plt. 4.2 K | 50-20-5 | 2 min plt.
Quench number [-]
Iq/I
ss[%
]II. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K
?
7
7
7
9
89 9
5
99
7
7
7
7
8
9 95
78
8
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7 9 8 ?
77
8 8
7
88
8 8
8
7
8
87
7
57
7
7
77
7
02/09/2012
Quench initiating in the 4 coils.Coil 7 and 8 are basically limiting.
I. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K
II. Ramp rate study
III. Final test main results
OUTLINE
H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results 10
III. Ramp rate study
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4000
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000 CERN measurement @ 4.4K
LBNL measurement @ 4.4K
CERN measurement @ 1.9 K
Ramp rate [A/s]
Cri
tica
l cu
rren
t [A
]
No quench
zone
02/09/2012
I. Training curve at 4.2 K and 1.9 K
II. Ramp rate study
III. Final test main results
OUTLINE
H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results 12
III. Final test main results
• Fast current discharge in the dump resistor for various currents :
02/09/2012
Goal: does the discharge cause quench back?
– @ 5 kA – @ 10 kA – @ 13 kA– @ 15 kA – @ 15 kA (with PHs firing)
(without firing the PHs)
H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results 13
III. Final test main results
At 5 kA and 10 kA, magnet does not quenchAt 13 kA, magnet partially quenchesAt 15 kA, strong evidence that a relevant fraction of the magnet is quenched
Computation based on the instantaneous time constant of the exponential current decay:
exp (-)
02/09/2012
• Magnet resistance increase during fast ramp down ≡ quench
• Comparison of the magnet total resistance
H. BAJAS | Hi-Lumi special session on HQ test results 14
III. Final test main results
• Comparison of the current discharge @ 15 kA
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50
Cur
rent
(kA
)
Time (s)
Discharge with QH
Discharge w/o QH
Training quench
Negligible difference of the current decay when the PHs are used or not.
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III. Final test main results
02/09/2012
• High Miits quenches without dump resistor:
Goal: can the HQ survive with all energy deposited in the helium bath?
– Iq = 15,448 A with PHs firing
– Iq = 15,917 A without inner layer PHs
Goal: What is the final temperature of the magnet for high Miits?
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III. Final test main results
• Comparison of the current decay with and without dump
Strong increase of the Miits when no dump is used, a lot of He loss.
02/09/2012
18.3 Miits
13.2 Miits
16.9 Miits
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III. Final test main results
• Magnet resistance increase
02/09/2012
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III. Final test main results
• Attempt to compute magnet resistance from adiabatic model.
02/09/2012
• The HQ01e has undergone 3 warm-up/cool-down, and more than 70 quenches during 8 weeks of test.
• Maximum magnet current: 14,681 A @ 4.2K & 16,216 A (184 T/m) @ 1.9K i.e. 85% of the short sample limit and greater than nominal current 14.9 kA
• Regular training quenches can be obtained with pauses during the ramp and decrease of the ramp rate.Using the same ramp rate all the way has proved to limit the performance due to early quench in COIL 7. Coil 7 and 8 are statistically the limiting coils.
• The final test tends to show that when one has a fast dump on the resistor at 15 kA, the magnet quenches:• PHs have no significant impact when a dump resistor is used
• Without dump resistor current discharge is in agreement with a 20 ms delay of heaters• 16.6 MITTS at 16 kA, so hot spot below 300 K.
conclusion
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